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B2 noun #4,000 mais comum 9 min de leitura

اختصاص

ikhtiṣaaṣ Top 4,000

Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas اختصاص em 30 segundos

Explicação اختصاص in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'Ikhtisas' in complex legal ways. Instead, think of it as a formal way to say 'my job' or 'my study'. Even though it's a B2 word, you might see it on a doctor's sign or a university building. Imagine you are introducing yourself. You can say 'My specialization is English' (Ikhtisasi al-Ingliziya). It's like a label. At this level, focus on the sound of the word: Ikht-i-sas. It sounds very official. You will mostly hear it when people talk about school or doctors. If you go to a big hospital, you will see many rooms. Each room has an 'Ikhtisas' like 'teeth' or 'eyes'. Just remember that 'Ikhtisas' means a 'special part' of a bigger job. It's not just 'working', it's 'working in one specific thing'. If you are an A1 student, just recognize that when you see this word, someone is talking about a professional field. You can use it to sound very smart when someone asks what you study. Instead of saying 'I study history', you can say 'My Ikhtisas is history'. It's a great 'power word' to have in your basic vocabulary to impress your Arabic-speaking friends. Just don't worry about the legal meanings yet; focus on the 'major' or 'job' meaning. Think of it as your 'professional home'.

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For A2 learners, 'Ikhtisas' becomes a useful tool for describing your professional identity and the people around you. At this stage, you should be able to ask others about their specialization using simple question patterns like 'What is your specialization?' (Ma huwa ikhtisasuka?). You can also use it to describe your family members' jobs more accurately. Instead of saying 'My brother is a doctor', you can say 'My brother's specialization is heart medicine'. This adds a layer of detail to your speaking. You will also start to notice the word in advertisements for jobs or training courses. A 'specialized course' might be called 'Dawra fi ikhtisas...'. You should also learn the word 'Ikhtisasi' (specialist). If you need to go to the dentist, you are looking for an 'Ikhtisasi asnan'. Understanding this connection between the noun and the person is a key A2 skill. You might also encounter the word in simple news headlines about 'specialized committees' helping with a problem. At A2, you are moving beyond general words like 'work' ('amal) and starting to use more specific words like 'specialization'. It helps you categorize the world. Practice saying 'This is my specialization' and 'That is not my specialization' to get comfortable with the pronunciation and the possessive endings (ikhtisasi, ikhtisasuka, ikhtisasuha).

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At the B1 level, you should begin to use 'Ikhtisas' in more varied contexts, particularly in professional and academic settings. You are now capable of explaining *why* you chose a certain specialization. You can use sentences like 'I chose this specialization because I love technology'. You will also encounter the word more frequently in reading materials such as brochures, university catalogs, and job descriptions. At B1, you should also be introduced to the idea of 'remit' or 'responsibility'. In a workplace roleplay, you can use the phrase 'This is not within my specialization' (Laysa min ikhtisasi) to politely decline a task that you aren't trained for. This is a very common and important cultural phrase in Arab offices. You should also start to see the plural form 'Ikhtisasat' and understand that it refers to the various duties or fields a person or department handles. For example, 'The specialization of this department is marketing'. You are also ready to understand the word when it appears in more formal documentaries or interviews where experts are introduced. You should be able to distinguish between 'Ikhtisas' (the field) and 'Takhasus' (the major), even if you still use them somewhat interchangeably. The goal at B1 is to move the word from your 'passive' vocabulary (words you understand) to your 'active' vocabulary (words you use).

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B2 is the 'home level' for this word. At this stage, you are expected to use 'Ikhtisas' with precision and understand its legal nuances. You should be comfortable using it to discuss jurisdiction in a basic legal or administrative context. For example, understanding that a criminal court does not have the 'Ikhtisas' to look into a divorce case. You should also be able to use the word in complex sentences with multiple clauses. For instance: 'Although my specialization is originally engineering, I have gained extensive experience in management'. You will encounter this word in almost every formal Arabic document, from contracts to official news reports. You should also be familiar with collocations like 'Ikhtisas qada'i' (judicial jurisdiction) and 'Dhu ikhtisas' (someone with expertise). At B2, you should also understand the nuance that 'Ikhtisas' implies a high level of authority and recognized skill. If a report says a decision was made by 'the authorities of specialization' (jihat al-ikhtisas), you should know that this refers to the specific bodies that have the legal right to make that decision. You should also be able to participate in debates about the importance of specialization in the modern economy versus being a generalist. This involves using the word as a conceptual noun, not just a label for a job. Your usage should reflect an understanding of the word's root and its formal weight.

At the C1 level, you are mastering the fine details of 'Ikhtisas' in specialized fields like Law, Medicine, and Public Administration. You should be able to read and write legal briefs or academic papers that use 'Ikhtisas' to define the boundaries of institutional power. You will study concepts like 'Conflict of Jurisdiction' (Tanaazu' al-ikhtisas), where two different courts claim the right to hear the same case. This requires a deep understanding of how the word functions in a systemic way. You should also be able to use the word metaphorically or in highly formal rhetoric. For example, in a political speech, a leader might talk about the 'specialization of powers' between the executive and legislative branches. Your vocabulary should also include related high-level terms like 'Ikhtisas husri' (exclusive jurisdiction). You should be able to critique a text's use of the word, noting if it is used loosely or with legal precision. In professional writing, you will use 'Ikhtisas' to define the 'Terms of Reference' for a project or a committee. At C1, the word is no longer just about 'what you study'; it is about the architecture of authority and the categorization of human knowledge. You should be able to discuss the historical evolution of 'specialization' in Arabic thought, from the classical 'classification of sciences' (Tasnif al-'ulum) to modern professional standards.

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At the C2 level, your command of 'Ikhtisas' is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker, such as a judge or a senior academic. You understand the most subtle shades of meaning and can use the word in its most abstract and technical forms. You are familiar with its use in international law, such as the 'Universal Jurisdiction' (Al-Ikhtisas al-qada'i al-alami) of certain courts over war crimes. You can navigate complex legal documents where 'Ikhtisas' is defined through intricate sub-clauses and technical jargon. You also understand the philosophical implications of the word—how 'Ikhtisas' shapes the way we perceive truth and authority in a fragmented, specialized world. You can use the word in creative writing or high-level journalism to create specific tones, perhaps using it ironically or to highlight bureaucratic overreach. You are aware of regional variations in how the word might be used in official documents in Morocco versus Iraq versus Saudi Arabia, though the core meaning remains the same. At this level, you could lead a seminar on 'The Jurisdictional Competencies of the Arab League' or write a dissertation on 'The Impact of Academic Specialization on Social Cohesion'. The word is a tool you wield with absolute precision, and you are fully aware of its historical, legal, and social weight in the Arabic-speaking world.

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اختصاص em 30 segundos

Ikhtisas means specialization in professional and academic contexts.
In law, it refers to the jurisdiction or competence of a court.
It comes from the root Kh-S-S, meaning particular or special.
Commonly used to define professional boundaries: 'This is not my ikhtisas'.

The Arabic word اختصاص (Ikhtisas) is a sophisticated noun derived from the triliteral root خ-ص-ص (Kh-S-S), which fundamentally relates to the concept of particularity, privacy, or specificity. In its most common modern usage, it refers to a professional or academic specialization. When you ask someone about their ikhtisas, you are inquiring about the specific field they have mastered through study or practice. It is the 'niche' or 'domain' where their expertise lies. However, this word carries a significant second layer of meaning in legal and administrative contexts: jurisdiction or competence. In a courtroom or a government office, ikhtisas defines the legal boundaries within which an entity has the authority to act or make decisions. Understanding this duality is crucial for learners moving into intermediate and advanced Arabic.

Academic Context: In universities, it refers to the specific major or sub-discipline a student or professor focuses on, such as 'cardiology' within the broader field of medicine.

ما هو اختصاصك الجامعي الدقيق؟ (What is your exact university specialization?)

Legal Context: It refers to the legal power of a court to hear a case. If a court lacks ikhtisas, it cannot legally issue a ruling on that specific matter.

Historically, the concept of ikhtisas in Islamic scholarship referred to the specific sciences or branches of knowledge that a scholar was authorized to teach. Today, you will see it on business cards, doctor's shingles, and in the preambles of international treaties. It implies a narrowing down from the general to the specific. For example, while 'Law' is a general field, 'International Maritime Law' is the ikhtisas. In a world that increasingly values deep expertise over general knowledge, this word is a cornerstone of professional identity in the Arab world. It also appears in the phrase بكل اختصاص, meaning 'with full authority' or 'within one's remit'. When someone says 'This is not my اختصاص', they are politely (or formally) stating that they do not have the expertise or the legal right to handle the matter at hand. This makes it a vital phrase for navigating professional boundaries and avoiding overstepping in workplace hierarchies.

هذا الملف ليس من اختصاص قسمنا. (This file is not within our department's jurisdiction/specialty.)

Professional Usage: Used to describe the scope of work for consultants, engineers, and technical experts.

Using اختصاص correctly requires understanding its grammatical placement as a noun that often initiates an Idafa construction (possessive structure). It functions as the 'thing' being possessed or defined by the area of expertise. For instance, 'Specialization of Medicine' becomes اختصاص الطب. One of the most common sentence patterns involves the preposition من (from/within), creating the phrase من اختصاص... which translates to 'is within the specialty/jurisdiction of...'. This is a very polite and formal way to direct queries to the right person or to define one's own professional limits.

Pattern 1: Identification: Subject + Copula (implied) + اختصاص. Example: 'My specialty is law.' (اختصاصي هو القانون).

يعتبر اختصاص الذكاء الاصطناعي من أكثر المجالات طلباً. (The specialization of Artificial Intelligence is considered one of the most in-demand fields.)

Pattern 2: Jurisdiction: ليس من اختصاص + Noun. Example: 'It is not within the jurisdiction of the court.' (ليس من اختصاص المحكمة).

When using the word in a sentence, pay attention to the level of formality. In a medical setting, you might say طبيب اختصاصي (specialist doctor). Here, the word is turned into an adjective by adding the Nisba suffix (-i). However, the noun form ikhtisas remains the standard for the field itself. In administrative writing, sentences often begin with بناءً على اختصاصاتنا (Based on our competencies/powers), which is a common opening for official decrees or departmental memos. This usage highlights the power dynamic inherent in the word—to have an ikhtisas is to have the right to speak or act in a specific sphere. For learners, practicing the sentence 'That is not my specialty' (هذا ليس من اختصاصي) is a great way to master the word while gaining a useful phrase for social and professional interactions.

تم تحديد اختصاصات اللجنة الجديدة بوضوح. (The competencies of the new committee have been clearly defined.)

Pattern 3: Academic Choice: Verb (Choose/Study) + اختصاص. Example: 'I chose the specialty of history.' (اخترت اختصاص التاريخ).

You will encounter اختصاص in several distinct environments, each giving the word a slightly different flavor. The first is the **Medical World**. In any hospital in the Middle East, signs will point to various ikhtisasat like 'Pediatrics' or 'Orthopedics'. If you are referred to a specialist, they are often called طبيب اختصاص. This is perhaps the most common way laypeople interact with the word. It signifies a level of training beyond general practice. Secondly, you will hear it in **Legal and Governmental proceedings**. News reports about high-profile court cases often hinge on whether a specific court has the 'spatial' or 'subject-matter' jurisdiction (الاختصاص المكاني أو النوعي) to try a defendant. If you watch Al Jazeera or Al Arabiya, pay attention during legal segments; this word is ubiquitous.

In the Media: Journalists use it to describe the expertise of guests. 'Our guest is a specialist in Middle Eastern affairs' (ضيفنا صاحب اختصاص في الشؤون الشرق أوسطية).

أكد الخبير أن هذا الأمر يقع ضمن اختصاص المنظمات الدولية. (The expert confirmed that this matter falls within the jurisdiction of international organizations.)

In Job Interviews: Employers will ask about your ikhtisas to see if your skills match the job description. It is a more formal way of asking 'What do you do?'

Another frequent location is **Academic Certificates**. When you graduate, your degree will state your ikhtisas. It is the official label for your education. In the corporate world, departments are often divided by ikhtisas. For example, the HR department has its own ikhtisas, while the Accounting department has another. If there is a dispute between departments about who should handle a task, the manager might intervene to clarify the ikhtisas of each team. Finally, in the **Tech Industry**, as Arabic localization grows, you see this word used for 'Specialized Software' or 'Expert Systems'. It carries an aura of precision and professionalism. Hearing the word should immediately trigger a mental image of a focused area of knowledge or a defined boundary of power.

عليك مراجعة طبيب صاحب اختصاص في أمراض العيون. (You must consult a doctor with a specialization in eye diseases.)

One of the primary mistakes learners make with اختصاص is confusing it with its sibling تخصص (Takhasus). While they are very similar and often interchangeable in casual conversation, there is a subtle distinction in formal usage. Takhasus is the verbal noun of 'to specialize' (Form V), often emphasizing the *process* of specializing or the academic major itself. Ikhtisas (Form VIII) is often more static, referring to the *domain* or the *legal authority* of that specialization. For instance, you 'do a Takhasus' in college, but you 'possess an Ikhtisas' in your professional life. Using Takhasus to mean 'legal jurisdiction' is a common error; in law, Ikhtisas is the only correct term.

Confusing with 'Hobby': Learners sometimes use ikhtisas for things they are just good at or enjoy. This is incorrect. It must refer to a formal, certified, or officially recognized area of expertise.

خطأ: الرسم هو اختصاصي المفضل (كـهواية).
صح: الرسم هو هوايتي المفضلة. (Error: Painting is my 'specialty' as a hobby. Correct: Painting is my favorite hobby.)

Gender Errors: The word is masculine. Learners sometimes treat it as feminine because they associate it with 'area' (منطقة) or 'expertise' (خبرة). Always use masculine adjectives with it.

Another mistake involves the preposition. People often try to use في (in) when they should use an Idafa structure or بـ. For example, 'Specialization in Law' is better expressed as اختصاص القانون or الاختصاص بالقانون rather than اختصاص في القانون, though the latter is increasingly heard due to English influence. Furthermore, avoid using ikhtisas to mean 'private property' (which is khususiyya), even though they share the same root. Lastly, in the context of 'jurisdiction', learners sometimes fail to specify which kind. In legal Arabic, you must distinguish between ikhtisas qada'i (judicial jurisdiction) and ikhtisas idari (administrative jurisdiction) to be precise. Using the word vaguely in a legal essay will mark you as a non-native or an amateur.

تجنب قول: 'هذا ليس تخصص المحكمة' عندما تقصد السلطة القانونية. قل: 'هذا ليس من اختصاص المحكمة'.

To truly master اختصاص, you must see how it sits within a family of related terms. The most obvious alternative is تخصص (Takhasus), as discussed previously. If you are talking about a broad field of study, مجال (Majal) is often used. While ikhtisas is specific, majal is wide. You might work in the 'field' of science, but your 'specialization' is organic chemistry. Another related word is خبرة (Khibra), which means 'experience'. One can have an ikhtisas without much khibra (like a fresh graduate), but ideally, they go hand in hand.

Ikhtisas vs. Majal: Majal = Field (Broad). Ikhtisas = Specialization (Specific). 'My field is engineering, my specialty is bridges.'

يعمل في مجال الطب، لكن اختصاصه هو جراحة الأعصاب. (He works in the field of medicine, but his specialty is neurosurgery.)

Ikhtisas vs. Salahiyya: Salahiyya = Authority/Validity. While Ikhtisas is the *legal domain*, Salahiyya is the *power* to act within it. They are often used together in legal texts.

In the context of work, you might also hear نطاق العمل (Niqtaq al-'amal), meaning 'scope of work'. This is a common corporate term. If you want to emphasize the skill aspect, براعة (Bara'a - proficiency) or إتقان (Itqan - mastery) are excellent choices. For legal jurisdiction, a more classical term sometimes found in older texts is ولاية (Wilaya), though in modern law, ikhtisas has largely replaced it for specific court powers. Finally, the word فن (Fann) can sometimes be used in old Arabic to mean a 'branch of knowledge' or 'specialty', as in 'The art of grammar'. However, in modern contexts, sticking to ikhtisas ensures you are understood in professional, legal, and academic circles without ambiguity.

هذه المسألة تخرج عن نطاق بحثنا وتدخل في اختصاص الفريق الآخر. (This issue is outside the scope of our research and falls within the specialty of the other team.)

How Formal Is It?

Curiosidade

The root also gives us 'Khass' (Special) and 'Khususiyya' (Privacy). In old texts, 'Ikhtisas' was sometimes used to describe the special relationship between a king and his closest advisors.

Guia de pronúncia

UK /ɪx.tɪ.ˈsˤɑːs/

US /ɪk.tɪ.ˈsɑːs/

The primary stress is on the final syllable '-sas'.

Rima com

رصاص (Rasas - Lead/Bullets) خلاص (Khalas - Finished/Salvation) مناص (Manas - Escape) غواص (Ghawwas - Diver) قصاص (Qisas - Retribution) خاص (Khass - Special) امتصاص (Imtisas - Absorption) انتقاص (Intiqas - Diminishment)

Erros comuns

Pronouncing 'kh' as a simple 'k'.
Pronouncing the emphatic 's' (sad) as a light 's' (sin).
Putting the stress on the first syllable.
Merging the two 's' sounds into one short sound.
Confusing the 'i' sounds with 'e' sounds.

Nível de dificuldade

Leitura 4/5

Requires recognition of the root and understanding of context (legal vs academic).

Escrita 4/5

Spelling the 'kh' and 'sad' correctly is tricky for beginners.

Expressão oral 3/5

Pronunciation of the emphatic 's' needs practice.

Audição 4/5

Often heard in fast-paced news or formal lectures.

O que aprender depois

Pré-requisitos

خاص (Special) دراسة (Study) عمل (Work) محكمة (Court) طبيب (Doctor)

Aprenda a seguir

صلاحية (Authority) تشريع (Legislation) احتراف (Professionalism) منهجية (Methodology) معيار (Criterion)

Avançado

السيادة (Sovereignty) الولاية القضائية (Judicial Mandate) البروتوكول (Protocol) التفويض (Delegation) الأهلية (Eligibility)

Gramática essencial

Idafa Construction (Possessive)

اختصاصُ الطبِ (Specialization of Medicine)

Nisba Adjective Formation

اختصاص -> اختصاصي (Specialist)

Masculine/Feminine Agreement

هذا اختصاصٌ مفيدٌ (This is a useful specialization)

Pluralization (Sound Feminine Plural)

اختصاص -> اختصاصات

Prepositional Phrases with 'Min'

ليس من اختصاصي (Not within my specialty)

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Exemplos por nível

أنا طالب، واختصاصي هو التاريخ.

I am a student, and my specialization is history.

The word 'ikhtisasi' uses the 'ya' suffix for 'my'.

ما هو اختصاصك؟

What is your specialization?

A simple question using 'ma' (what).

اختصاصي هو الطب.

My specialization is medicine.

Subject + Predicate structure.

هو يدرس اختصاص الهندسة.

He studies the specialization of engineering.

Idafa construction: 'ikhtisas al-handasa'.

أختي تحب اختصاص الفن.

My sister loves the specialization of art.

Object of the verb 'tuhibbu'.

هذا اختصاص سهل.

This is an easy specialization.

Masculine adjective 'sahl' matching 'ikhtisas'.

أين قسم اختصاص العيون؟

Where is the eye specialization department?

Compound noun phrase.

أريد اختصاصاً جديداً.

I want a new specialization.

Indefinite accusative case (tanween fath).

والدي طبيب في اختصاص القلب.

My father is a doctor in the heart specialization.

Using 'fi' to denote the field.

هل هذا اختصاصك الدقيق؟

Is this your exact specialization?

Adjective 'daquiq' (exact) follows the noun.

نحن نبحث عن صاحب اختصاص.

We are looking for an expert (someone with a specialty).

'Sahib' means owner/possessor.

اختصاص البرمجة مفيد جداً.

The specialization of programming is very useful.

Idafa construction as the subject.

لا أعرف اختصاص هذا المحامي.

I don't know this lawyer's specialization.

Negative 'la' with the verb 'a'rif'.

يوجد الكثير من الاختصاصات في الجامعة.

There are many specializations at the university.

Plural form 'ikhtisasat'.

هذا العمل ليس من اختصاصي.

This work is not within my specialty.

Prepositional phrase 'min ikhtisasi'.

تعلمت اختصاصاً تقنياً.

I learned a technical specialization.

Verb + Object + Adjective.

يجب أن تختار اختصاصك بعناية قبل التسجيل.

You must choose your specialization carefully before registering.

Modal 'yajibu an' followed by present subjunctive.

هذا الأمر يقع ضمن اختصاص المدير.

This matter falls within the manager's jurisdiction.

Phrase 'yaqa'u dimna' (falls within).

هل لديك شهادة في هذا الاختصاص؟

Do you have a certificate in this specialization?

Question with 'hal ladayka'.

تغير اختصاصها من الأدب إلى القانون.

Her specialization changed from literature to law.

Verb 'taghayyara' (changed).

الاختصاص في العمل يزيد من الإنتاجية.

Specialization at work increases productivity.

Verbal noun as a concept.

نحتاج إلى لجنة من ذوي الاختصاص.

We need a committee of experts (those with specialization).

'Dhawi' is the plural of 'dhu' (possessors of).

كل موظف له اختصاصه الخاص.

Every employee has their own specialization.

Pronoun 'hu' referring back to 'muwazzaf'.

ما هي ميزات هذا الاختصاص؟

What are the features of this specialization?

Plural noun 'mizat'.

رفضت المحكمة القضية لعدم الاختصاص.

The court rejected the case for lack of jurisdiction.

Legal term 'adam al-ikhtisas'.

يتمتع الطبيب باختصاص نادر في جراحة العيون.

The doctor possesses a rare specialization in eye surgery.

Verb 'yatamatta'u' (possesses/enjoys) + 'bi'.

تم تحديد اختصاصات كل قسم في اللائحة الجديدة.

The competencies of each department were defined in the new regulation.

Passive verb 'tumma tahdid'.

هذا النزاع يخرج عن اختصاص المحاكم العادية.

This dispute is outside the jurisdiction of ordinary courts.

Verb 'yakhruju 'an' (goes out of).

يعتبر الاختصاص المكاني مهماً في القوانين الجنائية.

Territorial jurisdiction is considered important in criminal laws.

Adjective 'makani' (spatial/territorial).

يسعى الطلاب للحصول على اختصاصات مطلوبة في سوق العمل.

Students seek to obtain specializations in demand in the labor market.

Active participle 'matluba' (demanded).

بناءً على اختصاصي، أنصحكم بتعديل الخطة.

Based on my expertise, I advise you to modify the plan.

Phrase 'bina'an 'ala' (based on).

هناك تداخل في الاختصاصات بين الوزارتين.

There is an overlap in competencies between the two ministries.

Noun 'tadakhul' (overlap).

أثار المحامي دفعاً بعدم اختصاص المحكمة ولائياً.

The lawyer raised a plea of lack of territorial jurisdiction.

Technical legal phrase 'dafa'an bi-adam al-ikhtisas'.

توسعت اختصاصات المنظمة لتشمل حماية البيئة.

The organization's mandates expanded to include environmental protection.

Verb 'tawassa'at' (expanded).

يعد الاختصاص النوعي معياراً لفرز القضايا القانونية.

Subject-matter jurisdiction is a criterion for sorting legal cases.

Adjective 'naw'i' (qualitative/subject-matter).

تم تفويض بعض الاختصاصات من الحكومة المركزية إلى الأقاليم.

Some powers were delegated from the central government to the regions.

Noun 'tafwid' (delegation).

يجب احترام مبدأ الاختصاص في توزيع المهام الإدارية.

The principle of specialization must be respected in distributing administrative tasks.

Phrase 'mabda' al-ikhtisas' (principle of specialty).

تعتبر هذه المسألة من صميم اختصاص مجلس الأمن.

This issue is at the very heart of the Security Council's mandate.

Phrase 'min samim' (from the core/heart of).

لا يجوز التنازل عن الاختصاص القضائي في العقود الدولية.

It is not permissible to waive judicial jurisdiction in international contracts.

Legal prohibition 'la yajuzu'.

أدى غياب الاختصاص الواضح إلى نزاع إداري طويل.

The absence of clear jurisdiction led to a long administrative dispute.

Noun 'ghiyab' (absence).

يتجلى تنازع الاختصاص الإيجابي عندما تدعي جهتان سلطتهما على نفس النزاع.

Positive conflict of jurisdiction manifests when two entities claim authority over the same dispute.

Complex legal concept 'tanazu' al-ikhtisas al-ijabi'.

إن تفتيت المعرفة إلى اختصاصات دقيقة قد يؤدي إلى فقدان الرؤية الشمولية.

The fragmentation of knowledge into minute specializations may lead to the loss of a holistic vision.

Philosophical usage of 'taftit' (fragmentation).

يخضع هذا الإجراء لمبدأ الاختصاص الحصري المنصوص عليه في الدستور.

This procedure is subject to the principle of exclusive jurisdiction stipulated in the constitution.

Adjective 'husri' (exclusive).

تعتبر المحكمة الجنائية الدولية ذات اختصاص تكميلي للقضاء الوطني.

The International Criminal Court is considered to have complementary jurisdiction to national judiciaries.

Adjective 'takmili' (complementary).

لا يمكن إغفال البعد السياسي في توزيع الاختصاصات السيادية.

The political dimension in the distribution of sovereign powers cannot be overlooked.

Double negative 'la yumkin ighfal'.

أدى التطور التكنولوجي إلى ظهور اختصاصات هجينة تتجاوز الحدود التقليدية.

Technological development has led to the emergence of hybrid specializations that transcend traditional boundaries.

Adjective 'hajina' (hybrid).

يتمسك كل طرف باختصاصه الموضوعي لتعطيل سير العدالة.

Each party clings to its substantive jurisdiction to obstruct the course of justice.

Adjective 'mawdu'i' (substantive/subject-matter).

إن حصر الاختصاص في فئة معينة يثير تساؤلات حول ديمقراطية المعرفة.

Restricting specialization to a certain group raises questions about the democracy of knowledge.

Verbal noun 'hasr' (restricting).

Sinônimos

تخصص مجال حقل صلاحية

Antônimos

شمول عمومية

Colocações comuns

صاحب اختصاص

عدم الاختصاص

ضمن اختصاص

اختصاص دقيق

توزيع الاختصاصات

اختصاص مكاني

اختصاص نوعي

لجنة الاختصاص

بكل اختصاص

شهادة اختصاص

Frases Comuns

ليس من اختصاصي

— A polite way to say 'I am not the right person for this' or 'I don't know'.

آسف، هذا السؤال ليس من اختصاصي.

حسب الاختصاص

— According to the specialty or relevant field.

تم توزيع المهام حسب الاختصاص.

أهل الاختصاص

— The people of expertise; the experts.

يجب سؤال أهل الاختصاص في هذا الأمر.

في صميم اختصاصه

— Right at the heart of his/her specialization.

هذا العمل يقع في صميم اختصاصه.

تجاوز الاختصاص

— Exceeding one's authority or jurisdiction.

اتهم المدير بتجاوز اختصاصاته.

بناءً على الاختصاص

— Based on the authority or specialty provided.

أصدر القرار بناءً على الاختصاص الممنوح له.

تحديد الاختصاص

— Defining the scope of work or authority.

تحديد الاختصاص يمنع المشاكل الإدارية.

خارج الاختصاص

— Outside the area of expertise or jurisdiction.

هذه القضية تقع خارج اختصاصنا.

نزاع اختصاص

— A dispute over who has the authority.

حدث نزاع اختصاص بين المحكمتين.

ذو اختصاص

— Possessing a specialty; qualified.

نحن بحاجة لموظف ذي اختصاص.

Frequentemente confundido com

اختصاص vs تخصص

Takhassus is more common for 'academic major', while Ikhtisas is for 'professional domain' or 'jurisdiction'.

اختصاص vs خصوصية

Khususiyya means 'privacy' or 'particularity', not professional specialization.

اختصاص vs خاصية

Khasiyya means a 'property' or 'feature' of an object or substance.

Expressões idiomáticas

"أعطِ القوس باريها"

— Literally 'Give the bow to the one who carves it'. It means to leave the task to the specialist.

في هذا المشروع، يجب أن نعطي القوس باريها ونوظف خبيراً.

Literary/Proverbial

"كلٌّ في فلكه"

— Everyone in their own orbit. Used to say everyone should stick to their own specialty.

في شركتنا، الكل يعمل في فلكه واختصاصه.

Formal/Poetic

"لا يفتى ومالك في المدينة"

— No fatwa should be given while Malik is in the city. Used to say don't speak when the real expert is present.

أنت صاحب الاختصاص، فلا يفتى ومالك في المدينة.

Classical/Honorific

"وضع الرجل المناسب في المكان المناسب"

— Putting the right man in the right place. Relates to matching specialization with roles.

النجاح يتطلب وضع الرجل المناسب في اختصاصه المناسب.

Professional

"من تدخل فيما لا يعنيه لقي ما لا يرضيه"

— He who interferes in what does not concern him (outside his ikhtisas) will find what does not please him.

لا تتدخل في اختصاص غيرك، فمن تدخل فيما لا يعنيه...

General/Proverbial

"أهل مكة أدرى بشعابها"

— The people of Mecca know its valleys best. Experts know their field best.

اسأل المهندسين، فأهل مكة أدرى بشعاب اختصاصهم.

Proverbial

"الخياط يعرف قدر القماش"

— The tailor knows the value/measure of the cloth. A specialist knows the details.

اترك الأمر للمحاسب، فالخياط يعرف قدر القماش.

Folk Idiom

"ابن بجدتها"

— A person who is a master of a matter or field.

هو ابن بجدة هذا الاختصاص.

Classical/Literary

"فصل الخطاب"

— The decisive word. Often comes from the one with the highest ikhtisas.

رأي الخبير كان فصل الخطاب في النزاع.

Formal/Religious origin

"على علم وبصيرة"

— With knowledge and insight. Doing something within one's true ikhtisas.

هو يتحدث عن اختصاصه على علم وبصيرة.

Formal

Fácil de confundir

اختصاص vs تخصص

Both mean specialization.

Takhassus is the process or the major; Ikhtisas is the authority or the field.

تخصصت في الطب، والآن اختصاصي هو جراحة القلب.

اختصاص vs صلاحية

Both relate to authority.

Salahiya is the power to act; Ikhtisas is the legal area where that power applies.

لديه الصلاحية لاتخاذ قرار ضمن اختصاصه.

اختصاص vs مجال

Both mean field.

Majal is broad (e.g., Science); Ikhtisas is narrow (e.g., Genetics).

مجال عملي هو العلوم، واختصاصي هو الكيمياء.

اختصاص vs مهنة

Both relate to work.

Mihna is 'profession' (e.g., Doctor); Ikhtisas is the sub-field (e.g., Pediatrician).

مهنتي طبيب، واختصاصي الأطفال.

اختصاص vs خبرة

Both imply skill.

Khibra is experience over time; Ikhtisas is the formal area of study/authority.

لديه عشر سنوات خبرة في اختصاص المحاسبة.

Padrões de frases

اختصاصي هو [Subject].

اختصاصي هو الرياضيات.

أنا أدرس اختصاص [Field].

أنا أدرس اختصاص الكيمياء.

هذا الأمر ليس من اختصاصي.

هذا الأمر ليس من اختصاصي، اسأل المدير.

يقع [Subject] ضمن اختصاص [Entity].

يقع التعليم ضمن اختصاص وزارة التربية.

تم رفع الدعوى أمام محكمة غير ذات اختصاص.

تم رفع الدعوى أمام محكمة غير ذات اختصاص مكاني.

يتطلب النزاع تحديداً دقيقاً للاختصاص النوعي.

يتطلب النزاع تحديداً دقيقاً للاختصاص النوعي لمنع التداخل.

بناءً على اختصاصي في [Field]...

بناءً على اختصاصي في البرمجة، الكود يحتاج تعديل.

أثار الدفع بعدم الاختصاص جدلاً قانونياً.

أثار الدفع بعدم الاختصاص جدلاً قانونياً واسعاً.

Família de palavras

Substantivos

تخصص (Takhasus) - Specialization

خاصية (Khasiyya) - Property/Characteristic

خصوصية (Khususiyya) - Privacy

أخصائي (Akhasa'i) - Specialist

مختص (Mukhtass) - Expert/Specialist

Verbos

اختص (Ikhtassa) - To specialize/To be characterized by

خصص (Khassasa) - To allocate/To designate

تخصص (Takhasasa) - To specialize in a major

Adjetivos

خاص (Khass) - Special/Private

اختصاصي (Ikhtisasi) - Specialized/Professional

متخصص (Mutakhassis) - Specialized/Expert

Relacionado

مجال (Majal)

خبرة (Khibra)

صلاحية (Salahiya)

نطاق (Nitaq)

كفاءة (Kafa'a)

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Como usar

frequency

High in professional and legal contexts.

Erros comuns

Using 'Ikhtisas' for a hobby. → Painting is my hobby (الرسم هوايتي).
'Ikhtisas' is for formal, professional, or academic fields only.
Saying 'Ikhtisas fi [Field]'. → Ikhtisas [Field] (e.g., اختصاص الطب).
While 'fi' is sometimes used, the Idafa construction is more classical and correct.
Treating it as feminine. → اختصاصٌ واسعٌ (A broad specialization).
The word is masculine; adjectives must match in gender.
Using 'Takhassus' for legal jurisdiction. → ليس من اختصاص المحكمة.
'Ikhtisas' is the specific technical term in law; 'Takhassus' is not used in this way.
Confusing 'Ikhtisas' with 'Khususiyya'. → أحترم خصوصيتك (I respect your privacy).
Though they share a root, 'Khususiyya' is privacy and 'Ikhtisas' is specialization.

Dicas

Idafa Usage

Always use 'Ikhtisas' as the first part of an Idafa when naming a field, e.g., 'Ikhtisas al-Qanun' (Specialization of Law).

CV Writing

Use 'الاختصاص' as a section header on your Arabic resume to list your degrees and certifications.

Jurisdiction

In legal contexts, remember that 'Ikhtisas' is the only word for jurisdiction. 'Salahiya' is authority, but 'Ikhtisas' is the domain.

Polite Declining

If someone asks you a technical question you can't answer, say 'Laysa min ikhtisasi' to save face and sound professional.

The Emphatic 'S'

Make sure to pronounce the 'Sad' (ص) clearly at the end. It's a deep, heavy 's' sound, not a light one.

Degree Names

Check your university degree; it likely uses the word 'Ikhtisas' to define your field of study.

Word Family

Learn 'Mukhtass' (specialist) alongside 'Ikhtisas' to describe both the field and the person.

News Keywords

When you hear 'Adam al-Ikhtisas' on the news, it means a legal case has been blocked or moved.

Plural Form

The plural 'Ikhtisasat' is used for 'mandates' or 'competencies' of an organization.

Expert Respect

Using this word shows you respect the boundaries of professional knowledge in Arab culture.

Memorize

Mnemônico

Think of 'Ikhtisas' as 'I-Keep-The-Specific-Area-Safe'. The 'sas' at the end sounds like 'sauce' - it's the specific secret sauce of your career.

Associação visual

Imagine a key fitting into only one specific lock. The lock is the 'Ikhtisas'—the specific area where that key (your skills) works.

Word Web

Medicine Law Expert Jurisdiction Authority Major Court Boundary

Desafio

Try to write three sentences describing the 'Ikhtisas' of three different people you know (e.g., a teacher, a pilot, and a judge).

Origem da palavra

From the Arabic triliteral root Kh-S-S (خ-ص-ص), which appears in the Quran and classical poetry meaning 'to distinguish' or 'to single out'. Form VIII (Ifti'al) indicates a state or an action taken for oneself.

Significado original: To be distinguished or singled out for a particular quality or task.

Semitic (Arabic)

Contexto cultural

Be careful not to dismiss someone's 'Ikhtisas' as it can be taken as an insult to their professional training and status.

In English, we use 'Specialization' for school and 'Jurisdiction' for law. Arabic uses one word for both, showing a conceptual link between 'what you know' and 'what you are allowed to do'.

The concept of 'Ikhtisas' in the works of Al-Farabi regarding the classification of sciences. Modern Arab constitutions which define the 'Ikhtisasat' of the President and Parliament. Medical boards like the 'Arab Board of Health Specializations' (Al-Majlis al-Arabi lil-Ikhtisasat al-Sihiya).

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

University/Education

اختيار الاختصاص
تغيير الاختصاص
اختصاص مزدوج
سنة الاختصاص

Legal/Court

الدفع بعدم الاختصاص
الاختصاص النوعي
الاختصاص المحلي
قاضي الاختصاص

Medical/Hospital

طبيب اختصاصي
سجل الاختصاص
اختصاصات طبية
مركز الاختصاص

Corporate/Office

ضمن اختصاصي
توصيف الاختصاصات
مدير الاختصاص
فريق الاختصاص

News/Media

جهات الاختصاص
لجان الاختصاص
حسب الاختصاص
أهل الاختصاص

Iniciadores de conversa

"ما الذي دفعك لاختيار هذا الاختصاص الصعب؟"

"هل تعتقد أن الاختصاص الدقيق أفضل من الثقافة العامة؟"

"كيف يتم تحديد اختصاصات الموظفين في شركتكم؟"

"هل واجهت يوماً مشكلة قانونية تتعلق باختصاص المحكمة؟"

"ما هو الاختصاص الذي تتمنى دراسته في المستقبل؟"

Temas para diário

اكتب عن رحلتك في اختيار اختصاصك الجامعي والتحديات التي واجهتها.

ناقش أهمية احترام الاختصاصات في العمل الجماعي وكيف يؤثر ذلك على النجاح.

تخيل أنك قاضٍ، واكتب قراراً برفض قضية بسبب عدم الاختصاص.

صف اختصاصاً جديداً تعتقد أن العالم سيحتاجه في الخمسين سنة القادمة.

هل تشعر أن اختصاصك الحالي يعبر عن شخصيتك الحقيقية؟ لماذا؟

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

Yes, you can, but 'Takhassus' is more common for students. 'Ikhtisas' sounds more formal and is often used once you have graduated or are working. For example, a student says 'Takhassusi al-Adab', but a professor might say 'Ikhtisasi al-Adab al-Arabi'.

In English, 'Jurisdiction' is purely legal. In Arabic, 'Ikhtisas' covers both legal jurisdiction and professional specialization. This means a doctor has an 'Ikhtisas' (specialty) and a judge has an 'Ikhtisas' (jurisdiction).

It is used less in casual street talk and more in professional environments. In an office or hospital, it is very common. On the street, people might just ask 'What is your work?' (Shu shughlak?).

It is a legal term meaning 'lack of jurisdiction'. It is the most common reason a court might refuse to hear a case. It means the case was brought to the wrong type of court or the wrong location.

You add the 'ya' suffix to make it 'Ikhtisasi' (اختصاصي). For example, 'Tabib ikhtisasi' means a specialist doctor.

It is masculine. You say 'Ikhtisas jadid' (a new specialty) and 'Ikhtisasi' (my specialty).

The root is Kh-S-S (خ-ص-ص), which means to be special or specific. This root is shared with words like 'Khass' (special) and 'Khususiyya' (privacy).

You say 'Hatha laysa min ikhtisasi' (هذا ليس من اختصاصي). It literally means 'This is not within my specialty/remit' and is a very professional way to decline a task.

No, it is reserved for formal education or professional expertise. For a hobby, use 'Hiwaya' (هواية).

It means 'Territorial Jurisdiction'. It refers to the geographic area where a court or authority has the right to operate.

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