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B1 noun #2,500 mais comum 5 min de leitura

نزدیکی

At the A1 level, 'نزدیکی' (Nazdiki) is a word you use to talk about things being 'near' or 'in the area'. You might hear it in the phrase 'در نزدیکی' (dar nazdiki-ye), which means 'near to'. For example, 'The shop is near the park'. It helps you describe where things are located in a simple way. Think of it as the noun version of 'near'. If 'near' is the description, 'nearness' is the name of the idea. At this stage, just focus on using it for locations like buildings, parks, or your house.
At the A2 level, you start using 'نزدیکی' to describe not just places, but also time and simple relationships. You can say 'in the nearness of the holiday' to mean 'close to the holiday'. You also learn that it's the opposite of 'دوری' (Duri - distance). You might use it to explain why you like your apartment: 'نزدیکی به مترو' (closeness to the metro). You are beginning to see how the suffix '-i' changes a word from a description (near) to a thing (closeness).
At the B1 level, you should use 'نزدیکی' to discuss more abstract concepts like emotional bonds. You can talk about 'نزدیکیِ فکری' (intellectual closeness) or 'نزدیکیِ عاطفی' (emotional closeness) between friends. You also learn to distinguish between 'نزدیک' (adjective) and 'نزدیکی' (noun) in more complex sentences. You understand that 'در این نزدیکی' means 'in this vicinity' or 'nearby'. This is also where you should become aware that the word can be used as a polite way to talk about physical intimacy in medical or formal contexts.
At the B2 level, you use 'نزدیکی' with more precision in formal writing and debate. You might discuss the 'نزدیکیِ دیدگاه‌ها' (closeness of viewpoints) between two political parties or the 'نزدیکیِ فرهنگی' (cultural affinity) between two nations. You can use it to describe the 'approach' of an event in a sophisticated way, such as 'با نزدیکی به پایان سال' (with the approach of the end of the year). Your understanding of the word includes its nuances in literature and its role in forming complex prepositional phrases.
At the C1 level, you explore the literary and philosophical depths of 'نزدیکی'. You recognize it in classical poetry as a synonym for 'وصل' (union with the beloved). You can use it in academic contexts to describe 'spatial proximity' in urban sociology or 'genetic proximity' in biology. You are comfortable with all its idiomatic uses and can distinguish it from synonyms like 'قرابت' (affinity) or 'مجاورت' (adjacency) based on the specific register and tone of your discourse.
At the C2 level, 'نزدیکی' is a tool for nuanced expression. You understand its subtle connotations in legal texts, mystical treatises, and high-level political analysis. You can use it to discuss the 'phenomenology of nearness' or the 'geopolitical proximity' of regions. You are aware of its historical evolution from Middle Persian and can use it to create complex metaphors. Your mastery allows you to use the word to convey exactly the right balance of physical distance and emotional depth in any given context.
Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas

نزدیکی em 30 segundos

  • Nazdiki means nearness or closeness in physical distance.
  • It also refers to emotional intimacy and strong bonds.
  • It can describe temporal nearness (approaching events).
  • It is a formal euphemism for sexual intercourse.

The Persian word نزدیکی (Nazdiki) is a multifaceted noun derived from the adjective 'نزدیک' (Nazdik), meaning 'near' or 'close'. At its core, it represents the concept of proximity, but its application spans across physical, temporal, emotional, and even biological domains. In a physical sense, it describes the state of being a short distance away from something. However, in the realm of human relationships, it transforms into 'intimacy' or 'closeness', describing a deep emotional bond between individuals.

Physical Proximity
The state of being geographically or spatially close to a point of interest.
Emotional Intimacy
A sense of shared understanding, affection, and bond between friends or family.
Temporal Nearness
The quality of being close in time, such as an upcoming event.

"نزدیکی خانه ما به ایستگاه مترو یک مزیت بزرگ است." (The proximity of our house to the metro station is a big advantage.)

Understanding 'نزدیکی' requires recognizing the Persian suffix '-i' (ی), which turns the adjective 'near' into the abstract noun 'nearness'. This linguistic structure is common in Persian to create concepts from qualities. For instance, 'Duri' (distance) comes from 'Dur' (far). In literary contexts, 'نزدیکی' often symbolizes the spiritual union between the lover and the beloved, a recurring theme in Persian poetry where physical distance is lamented and spiritual closeness is sought.

"احساس نزدیکی عجیبی با این نویسنده دارم." (I feel a strange closeness with this author.)

"در نزدیکی عید، بازارها بسیار شلوغ می‌شوند." (As Nowruz approaches [In the nearness of], the markets become very crowded.)

Etymological Root
Derived from Middle Persian 'nazdik', related to the concept of reaching or attaining.

"نزدیکی افکار ما باعث همکاری موفقمان شد." (The closeness of our thoughts led to our successful collaboration.)

Using نزدیکی correctly depends on whether you are describing a location, a relationship, or a time frame. It is most commonly used as a noun in an Ezafe construction or as part of a prepositional phrase.

1. Spatial Use (Location)

To describe something being in the vicinity of another, use 'در نزدیکیِ' (in the vicinity of/near). This is more formal than just saying 'نزدیکِ'.

  • Example: هتل ما در نزدیکی ساحل بود. (Our hotel was in the vicinity of the beach.)

2. Emotional and Social Use

When discussing relationships, 'نزدیکی' implies a lack of barriers and a high degree of trust. It is often paired with the verb 'داشتن' (to have) or 'احساس کردن' (to feel).

  • Example: من با برادرم نزدیکی زیادی دارم. (I have a lot of closeness with my brother.)

3. Temporal Use (Time)

It can describe the approach of a date or event. 'نزدیکیِ زمانِ امتحان' (the nearness of the exam time).

4. The Euphemistic Use

In legal, religious, or medical Persian, 'نزدیکی' is used to refer to sexual relations. It is important to be aware of this to avoid ambiguity in sensitive conversations.

  • Example: برقراری نزدیکی. (Establishing intimacy/intercourse.)

In summary, 'نزدیکی' is the abstract concept of 'nearness'. If you want to say 'The house is near', you use the adjective 'نزدیک'. If you want to say 'The nearness of the house to the park is good', you use the noun 'نزدیکی'.

You will encounter نزدیکی in various settings, ranging from daily conversations to formal news broadcasts and classical literature.

In Daily Life

People use it to describe convenience. 'نزدیکی به محل کار' (closeness to the workplace) is a common factor when Persians look for apartments. You'll hear it in directions: 'در همین نزدیکی‌ها' (somewhere around here / in this vicinity).

In News and Media

News anchors use it to describe diplomatic relations. 'نزدیکی دو کشور' (the rapprochement/closeness of two countries) refers to improving political ties. It is also used in weather reports or event announcements: 'با نزدیکی فصل سرما...' (With the approach of the cold season...).

In Literature and Poetry

Persian poetry is obsessed with the dichotomy of 'Duri' (separation) and 'Nazdiki' (closeness/union). Rumi and Hafez often use the concept of 'نزدیکی' to describe the soul's proximity to the Divine. It represents the end of the painful journey of separation.

In Psychology and Sociology

Academic discussions about 'social distance' (فاصله اجتماعی) often use 'نزدیکی' as the positive counter-concept, referring to social cohesion and interpersonal bonds.

Learners often confuse the adjective نزدیک with the noun نزدیکی. Here are the most frequent errors:

  • Using the noun instead of the adjective: Saying 'خانه من نزدیکی است' (My house is nearness) instead of 'خانه من نزدیک است' (My house is near). Rule: Use 'نزدیک' to describe a subject; use 'نزدیکی' as a subject or object.
  • Preposition Confusion: Using 'به' when 'با' is required for emotional contexts. 'نزدیکی به او' usually means physical proximity to them, while 'نزدیکی با او' means emotional intimacy with them.
  • Overusing the Euphemism: Be careful using 'نزدیکی' in very casual settings when talking about 'closeness' with a member of the opposite sex, as it might be misinterpreted as referring to physical intimacy/intercourse. To be safe, use 'صمیمیت' (Samimiyat - intimacy/sincerity) for platonic emotional closeness.
  • Spelling: Confusing it with 'نزدیکان' (relatives). While related, 'نزدیکان' refers to people (the close ones), whereas 'نزدیکی' is the state of being close.

To enrich your vocabulary, consider these synonyms and related terms that share the semantic field of 'closeness':

  • صمیمیت (Samimiyat): Focuses on emotional intimacy, warmth, and sincerity. This is the best word for 'closeness' between best friends.
  • مجاورت (Mojavarat): A more formal, technical term for physical proximity or being adjacent. Often used in geography or urban planning.
  • قرابت (Ghorabat): Refers to kinship, relatedness, or affinity. It can be biological (family ties) or intellectual (similarity of ideas).
  • اتصال (Ettesal): Means connection or junction. It implies a physical or logical link between two things.
  • همسایگی (Hamsayegi): Specifically refers to being neighbors or the state of living/being next to each other.
  • خویشاوندی (Khishavandi): Closeness through blood or marriage; kinship.

While 'نزدیکی' is the most general and versatile, choosing 'صمیمیت' for friends or 'مجاورت' for buildings will make your Persian sound more precise and advanced.

How Formal Is It?

Formal

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Informal

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Nível de dificuldade

Gramática essencial

Exemplos por nível

1

بانک در نزدیکی ایستگاه است.

The bank is near the station.

Uses 'در نزدیکی' as a prepositional phrase.

2

خانه ما در نزدیکی پارک است.

Our house is near the park.

Ezafe connects 'نزدیکی' to 'پارک'.

3

آیا در این نزدیکی سوپرمارکت هست؟

Is there a supermarket nearby?

'در این نزدیکی' means 'in this vicinity'.

4

نزدیکی به مدرسه خوب است.

Being near the school is good.

Subject of the sentence.

5

او در نزدیکی من نشست.

He sat near me.

Physical proximity.

6

نانوایی در نزدیکی مسجد است.

The bakery is near the mosque.

Spatial relationship.

7

ما در نزدیکی دریا زندگی می‌کنیم.

We live near the sea.

Location.

8

در نزدیکی هتل یک رستوران هست.

There is a restaurant near the hotel.

Existence in a location.

1

نزدیکیِ عید همه را خوشحال می‌کند.

The approach of Nowruz makes everyone happy.

Temporal proximity (closeness in time).

2

من و علی نزدیکی زیادی داریم.

Ali and I have a lot of closeness (are very close).

Simple emotional closeness.

3

او از نزدیکی به سگ‌ها می‌ترسد.

He is afraid of being near dogs.

Noun used after a preposition.

4

نزدیکیِ راه باعث شد زود برسیم.

The shortness of the way caused us to arrive early.

Referring to distance.

5

در نزدیکیِ شهر یک جنگل بزرگ است.

There is a large forest near the city.

Geographical use.

6

نزدیکیِ ما به هم اتفاقی نبود.

Our closeness to each other wasn't accidental.

Abstract nearness.

7

او در نزدیکیِ پنجره ایستاده بود.

She was standing near the window.

Positioning.

8

نزدیکیِ زمانِ پرواز را حس می‌کنم.

I feel the approach of the flight time.

Time nearness.

1

احساس نزدیکی قلبی با او دارم.

I have a feeling of heart-to-heart closeness with him.

Emotional intimacy.

2

نزدیکیِ فرهنگی میان ایران و تاجیکستان زیاد است.

The cultural closeness between Iran and Tajikistan is great.

Abstract affinity.

3

او به دلیل نزدیکی به رئیس، قدرت زیادی دارد.

Because of his closeness to the boss, he has a lot of power.

Social/Professional proximity.

4

نزدیکیِ این دو رنگ به هم جالب است.

The similarity (closeness) of these two colors is interesting.

Similarity in quality.

5

در نزدیکیِ غروب، آسمان قرمز شد.

Near sunset, the sky turned red.

Temporal/Natural event.

6

نزدیکیِ فکری ما باعث شد پروژه را شروع کنیم.

Our intellectual closeness led us to start the project.

Shared ideas.

7

او هیچ نزدیکی با خانواده‌اش ندارد.

He has no closeness with his family.

Lack of bond.

8

نزدیکیِ بیش از حد به تلویزیون برای چشم ضرر دارد.

Too much proximity to the TV is bad for the eyes.

Physical distance as a noun.

1

نزدیکیِ مواضع دو کشور در مذاکرات مشهود بود.

The closeness of the two countries' positions was evident in the negotiations.

Political/Formal usage.

2

این تحقیق بر نزدیکیِ ژنتیکی گونه‌ها تمرکز دارد.

This research focuses on the genetic proximity of species.

Scientific context.

3

نزدیکیِ او به کانون قدرت خطراتی هم دارد.

His proximity to the center of power also has risks.

Metaphorical proximity.

4

نزدیکیِ سبکِ این دو شاعر غیرقابل انکار است.

The closeness of the styles of these two poets is undeniable.

Literary analysis.

5

با نزدیکیِ انتخابات، تنش‌ها افزایش یافت.

With the approach of the elections, tensions increased.

Temporal approach.

6

نزدیکیِ روحی آن‌ها در آثارشان تجلی یافته است.

Their spiritual closeness is manifested in their works.

Deep emotional/spiritual bond.

7

او از نزدیکیِ فیزیکی با غریبه‌ها اجتناب می‌کند.

He avoids physical proximity with strangers.

Social behavior.

8

نزدیکیِ این دو حادثه شک‌برانگیز است.

The proximity (in time) of these two incidents is suspicious.

Temporal coincidence.

1

نزدیکیِ ساحتِ اندیشه و عمل در فلسفه او موج می‌زند.

The proximity of the realms of thought and action permeates his philosophy.

Philosophical register.

2

نزدیکیِ جغرافیایی همواره به معنای نزدیکیِ استراتژیک نیست.

Geographical proximity does not always mean strategic proximity.

Geopolitical nuance.

3

او در اشعارش به نزدیکیِ مرگ و زندگی اشاره می‌کند.

In his poems, he refers to the closeness of life and death.

Existential theme.

4

نزدیکیِ بیش از حد به سوژه ممکن است باعث کاهش واقع‌گرایی شود.

Excessive proximity to the subject might reduce objectivity/realism.

Artistic/Methodological context.

5

نزدیکیِ زبانی میان این دو گویش ریشه در تاریخ دارد.

The linguistic proximity between these two dialects is rooted in history.

Linguistic affinity.

6

او از نزدیکیِ آرا و نظرات استقبال کرد.

He welcomed the convergence (closeness) of votes and opinions.

Formal consensus.

7

نزدیکیِ معنوی با پیر و مرشد، غایتِ سالک است.

Spiritual closeness with the master is the goal of the seeker.

Sufi/Mystical context.

8

نزدیکیِ این دو تمدن در معماری آن‌ها هویداست.

The closeness of these two civilizations is apparent in their architecture.

Historical/Artistic.

1

نزدیکیِ هستی‌شناختی میان این دو مفهوم در متن مستتر است.

The ontological proximity between these two concepts is latent in the text.

High academic/Ontological.

2

او به تبیینِ نزدیکیِ دیالکتیکی میان فقر و غنا پرداخت.

He proceeded to explain the dialectical proximity between poverty and wealth.

Dialectical analysis.

3

نزدیکیِ غاییِ انسان به کمال در گروِ معرفت است.

The ultimate proximity of man to perfection depends on gnosis.

Metaphysical/Theological.

4

نزدیکیِ زمانیِ این دو کشف، پارادایمِ علمی را تغییر داد.

The temporal proximity of these two discoveries changed the scientific paradigm.

History of science.

5

نزدیکیِ معناییِ واژگان در این بیت، ایهام ایجاد کرده است.

The semantic proximity of the words in this verse has created ambiguity.

Literary criticism/Semantics.

6

نزدیکیِ بیولوژیک نباید با نزدیکیِ عاطفی خلط شود.

Biological proximity should not be confused with emotional closeness.

Precise distinction.

7

نزدیکیِ فیزیک و متافیزیک در فیزیک کوانتوم به بحث گذاشته شد.

The proximity of physics and metaphysics was debated in quantum physics.

Interdisciplinary context.

8

نزدیکیِ ساختاریِ این دو نظام سیاسی، تحلیل‌گران را به اشتباه انداخت.

The structural proximity of these two political systems misled analysts.

Political science.

Colocações comuns

نزدیکیِ فیزیکی
نزدیکیِ عاطفی
نزدیکیِ فکری
در نزدیکیِ
احساسِ نزدیکی
نزدیکیِ جنسی
نزدیکیِ فرهنگی
نزدیکیِ جغرافیایی
نزدیکیِ زمان
نزدیکیِ مواضع

Frases Comuns

در این نزدیکی‌ها

نزدیکی داشتن با کسی

به دلیل نزدیکی به

نزدیکیِ بیش از حد

نزدیکیِ قلبی

نزدیکیِ راه

نزدیکیِ افکار

نزدیکیِ سلیقه

نزدیکیِ مرگ

نزدیکیِ پیروزی

Frequentemente confundido com

نزدیکی vs نزدیک

نزدیکی vs نزدیکان

نزدیکی vs بستگی

Expressões idiomáticas

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

Fácil de confundir

نزدیکی vs

نزدیکی vs

نزدیکی vs

نزدیکی vs

نزدیکی vs

Padrões de frases

Como usar

spatial

More formal than 'نزدیکِ'.

emotional

Implies a deep bond.

euphemism

Standard for sexual relations.

Erros comuns
  • Confusing 'نزدیک' (adj) with 'نزدیکی' (noun).
  • Forgetting the Ezafe in 'نزدیکیِ پارک'.
  • Using 'به' instead of 'با' for emotional bonds.
  • Using 'نزدیکی' when 'صمیمیت' would be more appropriate for friendship.
  • Misspelling it as 'نزدیکه' (which is 'نزدیک است' in spoken Persian).

Dicas

Noun Suffix

The suffix -i is a powerful tool in Persian to create abstract nouns from adjectives.

Relationship Closeness

When describing family bonds, use 'نزدیکی' to show a strong, inseparable connection.

Synonym Choice

Use 'مجاورت' for buildings and 'نزدیکی' for people to sound more natural.

Check the Context

Always look at the surrounding words to see if 'نزدیکی' is physical or emotional.

Final Stress

Make sure to stress the 'ee' sound at the end: naz-dee-KEE.

Ezafe Usage

Don't forget the Ezafe (short 'e') when connecting it to another noun.

Nearby

'همین نزدیکی‌ها' is a very useful phrase for 'somewhere around here'.

Poetry Tip

In poems, look for 'نزدیکی' as a sign of spiritual progress or longing.

Euphemism Alert

Be aware of the sexual connotation in formal settings to avoid embarrassment.

Distance vs Closeness

Pairing 'دوری' and 'نزدیکی' in your writing creates a nice contrast.

Memorize

Mnemônico

Think of 'Nazdiki' as 'Next-door-y'. It's the 'ness' of being next door.

Origem da palavra

Contexto cultural

The tension between distance (Duri) and closeness (Nazdiki) drives much of classical Persian lyricism.

Emphasizing closeness is a key part of Persian hospitality.

Physical and emotional proximity to family is a core social pillar.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Iniciadores de conversa

"آیا نزدیکی به محل کار برای شما مهم است؟"

"با کدام یک از اعضای خانواده احساس نزدیکی بیشتری دارید؟"

"آیا نزدیکیِ فرهنگی بین کشورهای همسایه را حس می‌کنید؟"

"نزدیکی به طبیعت چه تأثیری بر روحیه شما دارد؟"

"چگونه می‌توان در یک رابطه نزدیکیِ بیشتری ایجاد کرد؟"

Temas para diário

امروز با چه کسی احساس نزدیکی کردی؟ چرا؟

مزایا و معایب نزدیکی به مرکز شهر را بنویسید.

درباره نزدیکیِ یک هدف بزرگ در زندگی‌تان بنویسید.

آیا دوری همیشه باعث فراموشی می‌شود یا نزدیکی ایجاد می‌کند؟

یک خاطره از نزدیکی به یک حیوان یا طبیعت بنویسید.

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

نزدیک is an adjective (near), while نزدیکی is a noun (nearness/closeness). You say 'The park is near' (نزدیک) but 'The nearness of the park' (نزدیکیِ پارک).

Yes, but 'صمیمیت' (Samimiyat) is more common and warmer for platonic friendships.

No, it is very frequently used for emotional, intellectual, and temporal closeness.

You can say 'در این نزدیکی' or 'همین نزدیکی‌ها'.

Yes, in formal, medical, or legal contexts, it is a common euphemism.

The main antonym is 'دوری' (Duri), which means distance or separation.

You can say 'با نزدیکیِ عید' (With the approach of Nowruz).

It is neutral; it can be used in both casual conversation and formal writing.

Usually 'به' for physical proximity and 'با' for emotional/social closeness.

Yes, 'نزدیکیِ افکار' means similarity or closeness of thoughts.

Teste-se 180 perguntas

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