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B1 noun #6,000 mais comum 10 min de leitura

رطوبت

Top 6,000

Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas رطوبت em 30 segundos

Explicação رطوبت in your Level:

At the A1 level, you just need to know that 'rotubat' means 'humidity'. It is a word you might hear when people talk about the weather. You can think of it as 'water in the air'. For example, 'The air has rotubat.' It is a simple noun. You don't need to use it in complex sentences yet. Just remember it relates to being wet or damp. If you go to the north of Iran, you will feel 'rotubat' because the air is sticky and wet. It is like the word 'moisture' in English. You might see it on a bottle of cream for your skin. It is a useful word for basic descriptions of how you feel in different cities.

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'rotubat' with simple adjectives and verbs. You can say 'rotubat bala ast' (humidity is high) or 'rotubat paeen ast' (humidity is low). You might use it to describe why you are uncomfortable in the summer. You can also use the related word 'martub' which means 'humid'. For example, 'Shomal martub ast' (The north is humid). At this level, you should be able to recognize the word in weather reports. You can also use it to talk about plants needing water: 'Giyah rotubat mikhad' (The plant wants moisture). It's a step up from just 'water' (ab).

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At the B1 level, you should understand 'rotubat' as a standard term for humidity and moisture in various contexts. You can use it in 'Ezafe' constructions like 'rotubat-e hava' (air humidity) or 'rotubat-e pust' (skin moisture). You should be able to discuss the effects of humidity, such as 'Rotubat ba'es-e kharabi-ye divar mishavad' (Humidity causes damage to the wall). You can also distinguish between 'rotubat' (the noun) and 'martub' (the adjective). This level requires you to use the word in social conversations about travel, health, and housing. You should also be aware of synonyms like 'nam' and when to use them instead of 'rotubat'.

At the B2 level, you can use 'rotubat' in more technical and abstract ways. You might discuss 'rotubat-e nesbi' (relative humidity) or the role of moisture in industrial processes. You can use it to describe complex environmental issues, such as how 'rotubat' affects the preservation of historical artifacts in Iran. You should be comfortable using verbs like 'jazb kardan' (absorb) or 'dafa' kardan' (repel) with 'rotubat'. Your vocabulary should also include related terms like 'mortab-konande' (moisturizer) and 'nam-gir' (moisture absorber). You can participate in debates about climate change and its effect on humidity levels in different regions.

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At the C1 level, 'rotubat' becomes a tool for precise and nuanced expression. You can use it in academic or professional settings, such as discussing the 'rotubat' levels required for specific chemical reactions or agricultural yields. You should understand its metaphorical uses in literature, where moisture might symbolize life, freshness, or the passage of time. You can differentiate between 'rotubat', 'nam', 'tari', and 'namnāki' with ease, choosing the exact word for the desired tone. You can write reports or give presentations where 'rotubat' is a key variable, and you can explain the scientific principles behind it in Persian.

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At the C2 level, you have a masterly command of 'rotubat' and all its linguistic relatives. You can appreciate the word's etymology from the Arabic root and how it has influenced other Persian words. You can use it in highly specialized fields like meteorology, civil engineering, or advanced dermatology with native-level accuracy. You can also use it in sophisticated wordplay or puns. You understand the subtle cultural connotations of 'rotubat' in different parts of the Persian-speaking world, from the humid shores of the Persian Gulf to the damp valleys of the Alborz mountains. Your use of the word is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker.

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رطوبت em 30 segundos

Rotubat means humidity or moisture in Persian.
It is a noun used for weather, skin, and construction.
The adjective form is 'martub', meaning humid or moist.
It is very common in weather reports and daily life in Iran.

The Persian word رطوبت (pronounced 'rotubat') is a fundamental noun that translates most directly to 'humidity' or 'moisture' in English. It is a term deeply embedded in both daily conversation and scientific discourse, reflecting the physical presence of water vapor in the air or liquid within a substance. Understanding this word is crucial because Iran’s geography varies wildly from the arid deserts of the center to the lush, humid forests of the north. When you are in cities like Rasht or Sari, رطوبت is a constant topic of conversation, much like the weather is in London. It describes that heavy, sticky feeling in the air during summer or the dampness that can seep into the walls of an old building. Beyond the weather, it is used in skin care to discuss hydration and in construction to discuss structural integrity.

Scientific Context: In meteorology, it refers to the percentage of water vapor in the atmosphere, often measured as 'relative humidity' (رطوبت نسبی).

امروز رطوبت هوا در شمال ایران بسیار بالاست. (Today, the air humidity in northern Iran is very high.)

The word carries a neutral to slightly negative connotation when referring to weather (as it implies discomfort), but a positive one in biological or cosmetic contexts, such as 'skin moisture'. It is derived from the Arabic root R-T-B, which relates to being fresh, moist, or succulent. This linguistic root also gives us the word 'Rotab', which refers to a specific stage of ripeness in dates when they are soft and juicy. When speaking Persian, you will hear this word in weather forecasts, discussions about health, and even in cooking when discussing the texture of a cake. It is a versatile B1-level word that bridges the gap between basic descriptions of the world and more nuanced technical explanations.

Domestic Context: It refers to dampness in houses, often seen as 'رطوبت دیوار' (wall moisture), which is a common problem in coastal regions.

In a broader sense, رطوبت is about the essence of life and decay. High humidity preserves certain ecosystems but can destroy man-made structures through mold and rust. In Persian literature, moisture is often associated with freshness and vitality, contrasting with the 'atash' (fire) or 'khoshki' (dryness) of the desert. When you use this word, you are tapping into a concept that affects everything from how a Persian person chooses their clothes for the day to how they maintain their ancestral home. It is a word of physical sensation and scientific fact alike.

Health and Beauty: Used to describe the hydration levels of the skin (رطوبت پوست) or eyes.

این کرم به حفظ رطوبت پوست کمک می‌کند. (This cream helps maintain skin moisture.)

Using رطوبت correctly requires understanding its grammatical role as a noun. It often acts as the subject or object of a sentence, frequently paired with verbs like 'dashtan' (to have), 'jazb kardan' (to absorb), or 'hefz kardan' (to maintain). Because it is an abstract noun representing a physical property, it is usually used in the singular form, even when discussing large amounts of moisture. In everyday Persian, you will likely encounter it in the 'Ezafe' construction, where it is linked to another noun to provide more detail, such as 'rotubat-e hava' (air humidity) or 'rotubat-e khak' (soil moisture).

Describing Weather: When talking about the weather, we use 'bala' (high) or 'paeen' (low) to describe the level of humidity.

رطوبت هوا امروز نود درصد است. (The air humidity is ninety percent today.)

In a domestic or technical setting, the word is often used with 'vared shodan' (to enter) or 'nofuz kardan' (to penetrate). For example, if a basement is damp, you would say moisture has penetrated the walls. This usage is vital for anyone living in or managing property in Iran. Furthermore, in scientific or academic writing, you will see it paired with 'andaze-giri' (measurement). The ability to use رطوبت in these various contexts marks a transition from a beginner who only knows basic weather terms to an intermediate learner who can discuss complex physical environments.

Technical/Scientific: Plants need specific levels of moisture to grow. Here, 'rotubat' is used with 'niyaz dashtan' (to need).

گیاهان برای رشد به رطوبت کافی نیاز دارند. (Plants need sufficient moisture for growth.)

Another common sentence structure involves the cause and effect of moisture. You might say 'rotubat ba'es-e zang-zadegi mishavad' (humidity causes rusting). This shows how the word functions as an active agent in a sentence. Whether you are complaining about the 'sharji' (muggy) weather in the south or discussing the benefits of a humidifier in a dry Tehran apartment, رطوبت is the core noun that ties the conversation together. It is a versatile tool for any speaker looking to describe their physical comfort or the state of their surroundings with precision.

Common Verb Pairings: Absorb (jazb kardan), Reduce (kahesh dadan), Increase (afzayesh dadan).

چوب رطوبت را به خود جذب می‌کند. (Wood absorbs moisture into itself.)

If you turn on an Iranian television channel during the news, specifically the weather segment (Havashenasi), you will hear the word رطوبت multiple times. The meteorologist will describe the relative humidity of various provinces. In coastal cities like Bandar Abbas or Bushehr, the high 'rotubat' is a defining feature of life, often described colloquially as 'sharji' (a term derived from the English 'charge' or 'surge', referring to the oppressive humidity). In these regions, you will hear people complaining about the 'rotubat' as they wipe sweat from their brows. It is a word of the streets, the markets, and the homes, not just a textbook term.

News & Media: Weather reports frequently cite 'rotubat-e nesbi' (relative humidity) to warn citizens about heat index levels.

گزارشگر هواشناسی از افزایش رطوبت خبر داد. (The weather reporter announced an increase in humidity.)

In the construction industry, 'rotubat' is a keyword during inspections. Architects and builders in northern Iran must constantly combat the effects of moisture. You will hear them say things like 'divar rotubat dade' (the wall has leaked moisture/is damp). In a pharmacy (darukhaneh), you might hear customers asking for 'mortab-konande' (moisturizer), a word directly related to 'rotubat'. The word is also prevalent in agricultural settings, where farmers discuss 'rotubat-e khak' (soil moisture) to determine irrigation schedules. It is a word that spans across various professional and social strata in Iran.

Construction & Real Estate: When buying a house in the north, people always check for 'rotubat' in the foundation and walls.

این ساختمان به دلیل رطوبت زیاد آسیب دیده است. (This building has been damaged due to high moisture.)

Finally, in the kitchen, a cook might discuss the 'rotubat' of the rice (berenj). Persian rice cooking is an art of managing steam and moisture. If the rice is too 'rotubat-dar' (moist/wet), it becomes 'shafteh' (sticky/clumped), which is usually undesirable. Thus, from the highest levels of government planning for water resources to the smallest kitchen in a village, the word رطوبت is an essential part of the Persian linguistic landscape, describing a physical reality that everyone must manage daily.

One of the most common mistakes for English speakers learning Persian is confusing رطوبت (rotubat) with its related adjective مرطوب (martub). Remember that 'rotubat' is the noun (humidity/moisture), while 'martub' is the adjective (humid/moist). You cannot say 'hava rotubat ast' (the weather is humidity); you must say 'hava martub ast' (the weather is humid) or 'hava rotubat darad' (the weather has humidity). This distinction is vital for sounding natural in Persian. Another mistake is using 'rotubat' when you actually mean 'ab' (water) or 'baran' (rain). While related, 'rotubat' refers to the state of being wet or the vapor in the air, not the liquid itself.

Noun vs. Adjective: Mistake: 'In otagh rotubat ast.' (This room is humidity.) Correct: 'In otagh martub ast.' or 'In otagh rotubat darad.'

اشتباه: هوا خیلی رطوبت است. درست: هوا خیلی مرطوب است.

Another nuance involves the word 'nam' (نم). While 'nam' and 'rotubat' both mean moisture, 'nam' often refers to a slight dampness or a trace of water, whereas 'rotubat' is more formal and often used for higher levels of humidity or scientific measurements. Using 'rotubat' for a tiny spill on a table might sound overly formal or dramatic; 'nam' would be more appropriate. Additionally, learners often forget the 'Ezafe' when connecting 'rotubat' to the thing it is describing. It is 'rotubat-e' (with the short 'e' sound at the end) when followed by a noun like 'hava' or 'pust'.

Synonym Confusion: Don't confuse 'rotubat' with 'khisi' (wetness). 'Khisi' is usually used for things soaked in water, while 'rotubat' is for ambient moisture.

لباس‌ها هنوز رطوبت دارند (The clothes still have moisture/are damp). Better than saying they are 'khis' if they are just slightly damp.

Lastly, be careful with the word 'sharji'. While 'sharji' means humid, it specifically refers to the oppressive, hot humidity found in southern Iran. You wouldn't use 'sharji' to describe the moisture in a basement or the hydration of your skin. In those cases, 'rotubat' is the correct and only choice. Understanding these boundaries will prevent you from making awkward lexical choices and help you speak like a native.

Persian has several words related to moisture, each with its own specific register and context. رطوبت is the most versatile and formal. However, knowing the alternatives can help you fine-tune your descriptions. The most common synonym is نم (nam). This word is shorter, more informal, and often describes a lighter level of moisture, like the dew on a leaf or a slightly damp towel. Another word is تری (tari), which comes from 'tar' (wet). This is more literary and focuses on the state of being wet or fresh. In poetry, you might see 'tari' used to describe a fresh garden or teary eyes.

Rotubat vs. Nam: 'Rotubat' is scientific/formal (humidity). 'Nam' is everyday/light (dampness).

زمین هنوز نم دارد. (The ground still has some dampness/is slightly wet.)

Then there is خیسی (khisi), which refers to being 'khis' (soaked/wet). This is used when something is visibly saturated with water, like a shirt after a rainstorm. Unlike 'rotubat', which can be invisible vapor, 'khisi' is very tangible. Another technical term is نمناکی (namnāki), which is an abstract noun for dampness, often used in literature or formal descriptions of environments. For example, 'namnāki-ye hava' is a more poetic way of saying 'rotubat-e hava'. Understanding these nuances allows you to choose the word that best fits the intensity and formality of the situation.

Comparison Table: 1. Rotubat: Humidity (Formal/General) | 2. Nam: Dampness (Informal/Light) | 3. Khisi: Wetness (Tangible/Soaked) | 4. Sharji: Muggy (Weather specific).

هوا در کیش بسیار شرجی است. (The weather in Kish is very muggy/humid.)

Finally, we have the opposite: خشکی (khoshki - dryness). In much of Iran, 'khoshki' is the norm, making 'rotubat' a precious or notable state. In skincare, you are often trying to move from 'khoshki' to 'rotubat'. In construction, you are trying to keep 'rotubat' out to maintain 'khoshki'. This binary is central to many Persian conversations about the environment and health. By mastering 'rotubat' and its synonyms, you gain a deeper understanding of how Persians perceive and describe their physical world.

How Formal Is It?

Curiosidade

The word 'Rotab' (fresh dates) comes from the same root because they are the moist, juicy stage of the date fruit's development.

Guia de pronúncia

UK /ro.tuː.bæt/

US /roʊ.tuː.bæt/

The stress is on the final syllable: ro-tu-BAT.

Rima com

ثروت (servat) غربت (ghorbat) فرصت (forsat) صحبت (sohbat) شربت (sharbat) حرمت (hormat) قدرت (ghodrat) نعمت (ne'mat)

Erros comuns

Pronouncing it as 'rotubat' with a short 'u' instead of the long 'oo' sound.
Dropping the final 't' sound.
Confusing the stress and putting it on the first syllable.
Pronouncing the 'o' as 'aw' (raw-tu-bat).
Changing the 't' to a 'd' (ro-du-bat).

Nível de dificuldade

Leitura 3/5

The word is easy to recognize once the Arabic root is known.

Escrita 4/5

Requires correct spelling of 't' (ت) and 'u' (و).

Expressão oral 3/5

Pronunciation is straightforward but requires clear vowel sounds.

Audição 3/5

Common in weather reports and easily distinguished.

O que aprender depois

Pré-requisitos

آب (water) هوا (air) زیاد (much/high) کم (little/low) دیوار (wall)

Aprenda a seguir

مرطوب (humid) بخار (vapor/steam) دما (temperature) اقلیم (climate) بارندگی (precipitation)

Avançado

رطوبت نسبی (relative humidity) نقطه شبنم (dew point) تبخیر و تعرق (evapotranspiration) هیدرولوژی (hydrology) اسمز (osmosis)

Gramática essencial

Ezafe Construction

رطوبتِ هوا (rotubat-e hava) - The humidity of the air.

Noun to Adjective with '-dar'

رطوبت‌دار (rotubat-dar) - Having moisture/moist.

Noun to Adjective with Arabic pattern

مرطوب (martub) - Humid/Moist (from the same root R-T-B).

Compound Noun Formation

رطوبت‌سنج (rotubat + sanj) - Humidity measurer.

Abstract Noun Suffix '-i'

نمناکی (namnak + i) - Dampness.

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Exemplos por nível

رطوبت هوا زیاد است.

The air humidity is high.

Simple subject-predicate sentence.

این اتاق رطوبت دارد.

This room has moisture.

Using 'dashtan' (to have) with the noun.

رطوبت برای گل خوب است.

Moisture is good for the flower.

Simple prepositional phrase 'baraye' (for).

من رطوبت را دوست ندارم.

I do not like humidity.

Direct object with 'ra'.

رطوبت چیست؟

What is humidity?

Basic question form.

شمال رطوبت دارد.

The north has humidity.

Locative subject.

رطوبت کم است.

Humidity is low.

Simple adjective 'kam' (low/little).

آیا اینجا رطوبت دارد؟

Does it have humidity here?

Interrogative sentence.

رطوبت هوا در تابستان بالا می‌رود.

Air humidity goes up in summer.

Compound verb 'bala raftan' (to go up).

او برای پوستش رطوبت می‌خواهد.

She wants moisture for her skin.

Possessive suffix '-ash' on 'pust'.

دیوار به خاطر رطوبت خراب شد.

The wall was ruined because of moisture.

Prepositional phrase 'be khatere' (because of).

رطوبت این نان خیلی زیاد است.

The moisture of this bread is very high.

Ezafe construction 'rotubat-e nan'.

ما باید رطوبت خانه را کم کنیم.

We must reduce the house humidity.

Modal verb 'bayad' with subjunctive 'kam konim'.

باران باعث رطوبت می‌شود.

Rain causes humidity.

Verb 'ba'es shodan' (to cause).

در کویر رطوبت وجود ندارد.

In the desert, humidity does not exist.

Existential verb 'vojud dashtan' in negative.

این لباس رطوبت را جذب می‌کند.

This cloth absorbs moisture.

Present tense of 'jazb kardan'.

رطوبت نسبی هوا امروز به هشتاد درصد رسید.

The relative humidity of the air reached eighty percent today.

Technical term 'rotubat-e nesbi'.

برای نگهداری این کتاب‌ها، رطوبت باید کنترل شود.

To keep these books, humidity must be controlled.

Passive voice 'kontrol shavad'.

رطوبت بیش از حد باعث رشد قارچ می‌شود.

Excessive moisture causes mold growth.

Adverbial phrase 'bish az had' (excessive).

پوست خشک به رطوبت بیشتری نیاز دارد.

Dry skin needs more moisture.

Comparative adjective 'bishtar'.

رطوبت موجود در خاک برای کشاورزی حیاتی است.

The moisture present in the soil is vital for agriculture.

Participle 'mojud' (existing/present).

دستگاه بخور رطوبت اتاق را افزایش می‌دهد.

The humidifier increases the room's humidity.

Subject-Object-Verb structure.

رطوبت هوا در جنگل‌های شمال بسیار لذت‌بخش است.

The air humidity in northern forests is very pleasant.

Adjective 'lezzat-bakhsh' (pleasant).

او از رطوبت زیاد هوا در کیش شکایت داشت.

He complained about the high humidity in Kish.

Verb 'shekayat dashtan' (to have a complaint).

تغییرات اقلیمی بر میزان رطوبت جو زمین تأثیر می‌گذارد.

Climate change affects the amount of humidity in the Earth's atmosphere.

Complex sentence with 'ta'sir gozashtan' (to affect).

رطوبت‌سنج ابزاری برای اندازه‌گیری دقیق بخار آب است.

A hygrometer is a tool for the precise measurement of water vapor.

Compound word 'rotubat-sanj'.

بسیاری از صنایع به محیط‌هایی با رطوبت کنترل‌شده نیاز دارند.

Many industries require environments with controlled humidity.

Adjective 'kontrol-shode' (controlled).

نفوذ رطوبت به پی ساختمان می‌تواند فاجعه‌بار باشد.

Moisture penetration into the building foundation can be catastrophic.

Noun 'nofuz' (penetration).

این گیاهان استوایی در رطوبت بالا بهترین عملکرد را دارند.

These tropical plants perform best in high humidity.

Superlative 'behtarin'.

رطوبت هوا مانع از تبخیر عرق و خنک شدن بدن می‌شود.

Air humidity prevents sweat evaporation and body cooling.

Verb 'mane' shodan' (to prevent).

حفظ رطوبت متعادل در انبار غلات الزامی است.

Maintaining balanced moisture in the grain warehouse is mandatory.

Adjective 'elzami' (mandatory).

رطوبت هوا در مناطق ساحلی به دلیل تبخیر آب دریاست.

Air humidity in coastal areas is due to seawater evaporation.

Causal construction 'be dalile'.

رطوبت خاک پارامتری کلیدی در مدل‌سازی‌های هیدرولوژیکی است.

Soil moisture is a key parameter in hydrological modeling.

Academic terminology.

تراکم رطوبت در لایه‌های فوقانی جو منجر به تشکیل ابر می‌شود.

Moisture condensation in the upper layers of the atmosphere leads to cloud formation.

Noun 'tarakom' (condensation/density).

پایداری سازه‌های تاریخی به شدت تحت تأثیر رطوبت صعودی است.

The stability of historical structures is heavily influenced by rising damp.

Technical term 'rotubat-e so'udi'.

میزان رطوبت در فرآیند تخمیر تنباکو نقش تعیین‌کننده‌ای دارد.

The moisture level plays a decisive role in the tobacco fermentation process.

Adjective 'ta'yin-konandeh' (decisive).

رطوبت هوا می‌تواند باعث ایجاد خوردگی گالوانیکی در فلزات شود.

Air humidity can cause galvanic corrosion in metals.

Scientific term 'khordegi-ye galvaniki'.

توزیع رطوبت در بافت‌های گیاهی از طریق آوندهای چوبی صورت می‌گیرد.

Moisture distribution in plant tissues occurs through xylem vessels.

Formal verb 'surat gereftan' (to take place).

نوسانات رطوبت محیطی می‌تواند به آثار هنری حساس آسیب برساند.

Fluctuations in environmental humidity can damage sensitive artworks.

Noun 'nosanat' (fluctuations).

رطوبت نسبی پایین در زمستان باعث خشکی مجاری تنفسی می‌گردد.

Low relative humidity in winter results in the dryness of respiratory tracts.

Formal verb 'gashtan' as 'to become'.

تعادل ترمودینامیکی بین رطوبت هوا و سطح مایع در این سیستم برقرار است.

Thermodynamic equilibrium is established between air humidity and the liquid surface in this system.

Advanced scientific register.

رطوبت به مثابه عنصری حیاتی در اشعار سهراب سپهری جلوه‌گر می‌شود.

Moisture manifests as a vital element in the poems of Sohrab Sepehri.

Literary analysis register.

بررسی اثرات هم‌افزایی رطوبت و آلاینده‌ها بر زوال سنگ‌های نما الزامی است.

Investigating the synergistic effects of moisture and pollutants on the deterioration of facade stones is mandatory.

Highly formal academic Persian.

رطوبت‌سنجی دقیق در صنایع داروسازی برای تضمین کیفیت محصولات حیاتی است.

Precise hygrometry in the pharmaceutical industries is vital for ensuring product quality.

Gerund 'rotubat-sanji'.

الگوی گردش رطوبت در مقیاس جهانی تحت تأثیر پدیده ال‌نینو قرار دارد.

The global moisture circulation pattern is influenced by the El Niño phenomenon.

Geopolitical/Scientific context.

رطوبت موجود در لایه‌های زمین‌شناختی بر سرعت امواج لرزه‌ای اثر می‌گذارد.

The moisture present in geological layers affects the speed of seismic waves.

Seismology context.

تبیین رابطه بین رطوبت نسبی و آسایش حرارتی در فضاهای باز شهری ضروری است.

Explaining the relationship between relative humidity and thermal comfort in urban open spaces is essential.

Urban planning terminology.

رطوبت به عنوان یک متغیر مخدوش‌کننده در آزمایش‌های شیمیایی عمل می‌کند.

Moisture acts as a confounding variable in chemical experiments.

Statistical/Scientific term 'motaghayer-e makhdush-konandeh'.

Colocações comuns

رطوبت هوا

جذب رطوبت

رطوبت پوست

رطوبت دیوار

رطوبت نسبی

رطوبت خاک

درصد رطوبت

کنترل رطوبت

رطوبت‌گیر

رطوبت صعودی

Frases Comuns

رطوبت زدن

— To become damp or show signs of moisture damage.

دیوار پذیرایی رطوبت زده است.

حفظ رطوبت

— To maintain moisture or hydration.

این کرم برای حفظ رطوبت عالی است.

رطوبت دادن

— To provide or seep moisture.

این لوله به دیوار رطوبت می‌دهد.

رطوبت داشتن

— To be moist or humid.

هوا امروز رطوبت زیادی دارد.

رطوبت گرفتن

— To absorb or catch moisture.

کتاب‌ها در انبار رطوبت گرفتند.

رطوبت بالای هوا

— High air humidity.

رطوبت بالای هوا نفس کشیدن را سخت می‌کند.

رطوبت محیط

— Environmental humidity.

رطوبت محیط باید ثابت بماند.

رطوبت‌سنجی کردن

— To measure the humidity.

آن‌ها در حال رطوبت‌سنجی خاک هستند.

بدون رطوبت

— Without moisture; dry.

این منطقه کاملاً بدون رطوبت است.

رطوبت و گرما

— Humidity and heat.

ترکیب رطوبت و گرما کلافه‌کننده است.

Frequentemente confundido com

رطوبت vs مرطوب

This is the adjective (humid), whereas 'rotubat' is the noun (humidity).

رطوبت vs نم

Used for slight dampness; 'rotubat' is for general or high humidity.

رطوبت vs خیسی

Refers to being soaked with liquid water; 'rotubat' is often vapor.

Expressões idiomáticas

"رطوبت در کلام"

— Metaphorically refers to a fresh or lively way of speaking.

کلام او رطوبت و تازگی خاصی داشت.

literary

"نم پس ندادن"

— Literally 'not giving back moisture'; idiomatically means being stingy or secretive.

او در مورد نقشه‌اش نم پس نمی‌دهد.

informal

"دلش نم دارد"

— To be soft-hearted or easily moved to tears.

او دلش نم دارد و زود گریه می‌کند.

informal

"چشمش رطوبت گرفت"

— His/her eyes became moist (with tears).

با شنیدن خبر، چشمش رطوبت گرفت.

literary

"رطوبت زندگی"

— The vitality or 'juice' of life.

عشق رطوبت زندگی است.

poetic

"نان و رطوبت"

— Basic sustenance and comfort (rarely used).

او به حداقل نان و رطوبت قانع است.

archaic

"رطوبت مغز"

— In traditional medicine, refers to the balance of humors in the brain.

خواب کافی رطوبت مغز را حفظ می‌کند.

traditional medicine

"رطوبت‌دار کردن فضا"

— To make an atmosphere more friendly or 'moist' (not dry/stiff).

شوخی‌های او فضا را رطوبت‌دار کرد.

metaphorical

"از رطوبت افتادن"

— To lose freshness or vitality.

این گیاه از رطوبت افتاده است.

neutral

"رطوبت کشیدن"

— To become damp and lose quality (like biscuits).

بیسکویت‌ها رطوبت کشیده‌اند و نرم شده‌اند.

informal

Fácil de confundir

رطوبت vs نم

Both mean moisture.

'Nam' is for tangible dampness (like a towel). 'Rotubat' is for atmospheric humidity or technical moisture content.

این حوله نم دارد (This towel is damp). رطوبت هوا بالاست (Air humidity is high).

رطوبت vs شرجی

Both relate to humidity.

'Sharji' specifically means hot and muggy weather. 'Rotubat' is the general noun for moisture in any context.

هوا شرجی است (The weather is muggy). رطوبت خاک (Soil moisture).

رطوبت vs خیسی

Both relate to water presence.

'Khisi' implies something is wet to the touch. 'Rotubat' can be invisible water vapor in the air.

خیسی زمین (The wetness of the ground). رطوبت هوا (Air humidity).

رطوبت vs بخار

Both involve water in the air.

'Bakhar' is steam or visible vapor. 'Rotubat' is the measurement or state of that vapor in the environment.

بخار از کتری بلند می‌شود (Steam rises from the kettle). رطوبت اتاق زیاد است (Room humidity is high).

رطوبت vs آبیاری

Both involve water and soil.

'Abyari' is the action (irrigation). 'Rotubat' is the result (moisture in the soil).

آبیاری باعث افزایش رطوبت خاک می‌شود (Irrigation increases soil moisture).

Padrões de frases

[Subject] رطوبت دارد.

شمال رطوبت دارد.

رطوبت [Noun] زیاد است.

رطوبت هوا زیاد است.

[Noun] رطوبت را جذب می‌کند.

پنبه رطوبت را جذب می‌کند.

به دلیل رطوبت، [Result].

به دلیل رطوبت، دیوار خراب شد.

رطوبت نسبی به [Number] درصد رسید.

رطوبت نسبی به نود درصد رسید.

کنترل رطوبت در [Context] الزامی است.

کنترل رطوبت در موزه الزامی است.

رطوبت صعودی باعث [Technical Problem].

رطوبت صعودی باعث شوره زدن دیوار می‌شود.

تبیین اثر رطوبت بر [Complex System].

تبیین اثر رطوبت بر فرسایش سنگ‌های باستانی.

Família de palavras

Substantivos

رطوبت (humidity)

رطوبت‌سنج (hygrometer)

رطوبت‌گیر (dehumidifier/moisture absorber)

مرطوب‌کننده (moisturizer)

Verbos

مرطوب کردن (to moisten)

رطوبت گرفتن (to absorb moisture)

رطوبت دادن (to seep moisture)

Adjetivos

مرطوب (humid/moist)

رطوبت‌دار (moisture-containing)

پررطوبت (very humid)

کم‌رطوبت (low humidity)

Relacionado

نم

تری

آب

بخار

شرجی

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Como usar

frequency

Very high in weather, health, and construction contexts.

Erros comuns

Hava rotubat ast. → Hava martub ast.
You used the noun (humidity) instead of the adjective (humid). You can't say 'The weather is humidity'.
In kerem rotubat-e pust ra khoshk mikonad. → In kerem rotubat-e pust ra hefz mikonad.
Confusing 'hefz kardan' (maintain) with 'khoshk kardan' (to dry). Moisturizers maintain moisture, they don't dry it.
Rotubat-ha-ye hava. → Rotubat-e hava.
Pluralizing a non-count noun. Humidity is usually singular in Persian, just like in English.
Using 'rotubat' for a glass of water. → Using 'ab' for a glass of water.
'Rotubat' is moisture or vapor, not the liquid water you drink.
Hava kheyli nam ast. → Hava kheyli martub ast.
'Nam' is usually for surfaces. For weather, 'martub' or 'rotubat-dar' is much more natural.

Dicas

Use Ezafe

Always link 'rotubat' to its source using the Ezafe. For example, 'rotubat-e hava' or 'rotubat-e divar'. This is the most natural way to use the word.

Learn the Root

Remember the root R-T-B. It will help you learn related words like 'martub' (humid), 'mortab-konande' (moisturizer), and 'rotab' (fresh dates).

Regional Usage

Use 'rotubat' in the North and 'sharji' in the South of Iran to sound more like a local when talking about the weather.

Relative Humidity

In technical contexts, always use 'rotubat-e nesbi' for relative humidity. This is the standard term in meteorology and engineering.

Skincare Context

When buying products, look for 'hefz-e rotubat' (moisture retention). It is a key phrase on many Iranian cosmetic labels.

Damp Walls

If you see a damp spot on a wall, the phrase is 'rotubat zade' (it has hit/shown moisture). This is a common household complaint.

The Long 'U'

Make sure to extend the 'u' sound in the middle. It's not a short 'u'; it's a long 'oo' sound: ro-TOO-bat.

Spelling Tip

The word ends with 'te' (ت), which is the most common 't' in Persian. Don't confuse it with 'ta' (ط).

Nam vs Rotubat

Use 'nam' for things you can touch (like a damp shirt) and 'rotubat' for the air or technical measurements.

Robot in a Tub

Visualize a Robot in a Tub to remember 'RO-TU-BAT'. Robots and tubs of water don't mix well because of moisture!

Memorize

Mnemônico

Think of a 'RObot' in a 'TUbe' in a 'BAThtube'. Robots hate moisture, so they stay away from 'RO-TU-BAT'.

Associação visual

Imagine a wall with peeling paint and green mold; that is 'rotubat' in a house. Or imagine a foggy morning in a forest.

Word Web

Hava (Air) Pust (Skin) Shomal (North) Darya (Sea) Divar (Wall) Giyah (Plant) Baran (Rain) Sharji (Muggy)

Desafio

Try to use 'rotubat' and 'martub' in the same sentence to describe your bathroom after a hot shower.

Origem da palavra

Derived from the Arabic root 'R-T-B' (ر ط ب), which relates to being moist, fresh, or supple. It entered Persian through the extensive scientific and literary exchange following the Islamic conquest.

Significado original: The quality of being moist or having water content.

Semitic (root) via Afro-Asiatic; used in Indo-European Persian.

Contexto cultural

No specific sensitivities, but be careful when complaining about 'rotubat' to locals in humid regions; they might be proud of their green landscape!

English speakers often use 'humidity' for weather and 'moisture' for surfaces; Persian uses 'rotubat' for both.

Weather forecasts on IRIB (Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting). Skin care commercials for 'Mortab-konande' (moisturizers). Poetry of Sohrab Sepehri mentioning the 'nam' of the earth.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Weather Forecast

رطوبت نسبی
افزایش رطوبت
کاهش رطوبت
درصد رطوبت

Skin Care

رطوبت پوست
حفظ رطوبت
کرم مرطوب‌کننده
آبرسانی

Construction

رطوبت دیوار
نفوذ رطوبت
عایق رطوبت
رطوبت‌زدگی

Agriculture

رطوبت خاک
نیاز به رطوبت
آبیاری
رطوبت محیط

Cooking

رطوبت نان
رطوبت برنج
بخارپز کردن
جذب آب

Iniciadores de conversa

"آیا رطوبت هوا در شهر شما زیاد است؟ (Is the air humidity high in your city?)"

"چگونه می‌توان رطوبت خانه را در زمستان کنترل کرد؟ (How can one control house humidity in winter?)"

"به نظر شما رطوبت برای پوست بهتر است یا خشکی؟ (In your opinion, is moisture better for the skin or dryness?)"

"آیا تا به حال به مناطق شرجی و پررطوبت سفر کرده‌اید؟ (Have you ever traveled to muggy and high-humidity regions?)"

"رطوبت زیاد چه تاثیری بر وسایل چوبی دارد؟ (What effect does high humidity have on wooden furniture?)"

Temas para diário

تجربه خود را از زندگی در یک منطقه پررطوبت بنویسید. (Write about your experience living in a high-humidity area.)

چرا حفظ رطوبت خاک برای آینده زمین مهم است؟ (Why is maintaining soil moisture important for the Earth's future?)

تفاوت بین رطوبت هوا در شمال و جنوب ایران را توصیف کنید. (Describe the difference between air humidity in the north and south of Iran.)

چگونه رطوبت می‌تواند یک ساختمان قدیمی را تخریب کند؟ (How can moisture destroy an old building?)

رابطه بین رطوبت و سلامتی انسان را بررسی کنید. (Examine the relationship between humidity and human health.)

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

No, 'rotubat' is a general term for moisture. It can refer to air humidity, skin moisture, soil moisture, or dampness in a wall. For example, 'rotubat-e pust' means skin moisture. It is widely used in science, construction, and health.

'Rotubat' is more formal and used for scientific or high levels of humidity. 'Nam' usually refers to a slight, tangible dampness, like a damp cloth or dew. You would use 'rotubat' for a weather report but 'nam' for a towel that isn't quite dry.

The adjective form is 'martub' (مرطوب). For example, 'hava martub ast' (the weather is humid). You can also use 'rotubat-dar' (رطوبت‌دار), which means 'having moisture' or 'moist'.

It depends on the context. In weather, it often implies discomfort (muggy). In construction, it's negative (dampness/mold). However, in skin care or agriculture, it is positive and necessary (hydration/moisture).

'Sharji' is a colloquial term for very hot and humid weather, typical of southern Iran. 'Rotubat' is the formal noun for humidity itself. You feel 'sharji' weather because of the high 'rotubat'.

Grammatically yes (rotubat-ha), but it is very rare. Like 'humidity' in English, it is treated as an uncountable mass noun in almost all situations.

In 'Teb-e Sonnati', 'rotubat' is one of the four essential qualities (Hot, Cold, Dry, Moist). Maintaining the right 'rotubat' in the body is considered key to health.

It is a hygrometer, a device used to measure the amount of humidity in the air. 'Rotubat' (humidity) + 'sanj' (measurer).

Because the Caspian Sea coast is very humid. This 'rotubat' makes the region green and beautiful but also causes houses to get damp and moldy quickly.

In a poetic or literary sense, yes. You might say 'rotubat-e cheshm' (moisture of the eye) to describe someone about to cry, though 'ashk' (tear) is more common.

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