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B2 noun #1,200 mais comum 8 min de leitura

발전

baljeon Top 1,200

Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas 발전 em 30 segundos

Explicação 발전 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you can think of '발전' (pal-jeon) as a word for 'getting better' or 'growing.' While it might be a bit advanced for absolute beginners, you will see it in simple sentences about cities or technology. For example, '도시가 발전해요' (The city is developing). At this stage, just remember that it's a positive word about things moving forward. You don't need to worry about the complex Hanja (Chinese characters) yet. Just associate the sound 'pal-jeon' with progress. It's often used with '해요' (do) to make '발전해요.' Think of it like a plant growing or a small town getting more buildings. It's a very common word in Korea because people there love to talk about how things are improving. You might hear it on the news or see it in textbooks. Just remember: 발전 = progress/development.

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At the A2 level, you should start to recognize '발전' in more varied contexts. You'll see it used to describe not just cities, but also skills and technology. For example, '한국어 실력이 발전했어요' (My Korean skills have developed/improved). You can also start using the past tense '발전했다' and the future tense '발전할 것이다.' At this level, it's helpful to know that '발전' is a noun, and you add '하다' to make it a verb. You might also encounter '발전소' (power plant), but for now, focus on the 'progress' meaning. Try to use it when talking about your hobbies or your hometown. It's a great word to use in the speaking part of the TOPIK I exam to show you have a good vocabulary. Remember, it's a formal-sounding word, so it makes you sound polite and smart.

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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using '발전' in both spoken and written Korean. You should understand the difference between '발전하다' (to develop - intransitive/active) and '발전시키다' (to develop something - causative). For example, '회사를 발전시키다' (to develop a company). You will also start to see '발전' in compound words like '경제 발전' (economic development) and '기술 발전' (technological development). At this stage, you should be able to discuss topics like the environment, technology, and society using this word. You'll also notice it in more complex sentence structures, such as '발전을 위해' (for the sake of development) or '발전함에 따라' (as it develops). This is a key word for intermediate learners because it allows you to discuss abstract concepts and trends, moving beyond just simple daily life topics.

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At the B2 level, you are expected to use '발전' with precision and understand its nuances compared to similar words like '발달,' '성장,' and '진보.' You should be able to use it in formal essays and debates. For instance, you might discuss '지속 가능한 발전' (sustainable development) or the '국가적 발전' (national development). You should also be aware of its usage in professional settings, such as '자기 발전' (self-development) in the context of a career. At this level, you should be able to handle complex grammar patterns involving '발전,' such as '발전할 수밖에 없다' (cannot help but develop) or '발전하기 마련이다' (is bound to develop). You should also be able to recognize the homonym '발전' (power generation) and distinguish it based on context. Your ability to use '발전' in academic or professional discussions will be a clear indicator of your upper-intermediate proficiency.

At the C1 level, you should have a deep, nuanced understanding of '발전' and its role in Korean society and history. You should be able to discuss the 'Miracle on the Han River' and the socio-economic implications of rapid '발전.' You will use the word in highly formal contexts, such as academic papers, legal documents, or high-level business negotiations. You should be familiar with idiomatic expressions and advanced collocations like '발전의 기틀을 마련하다' (to lay the foundation for development) or '발전을 거듭하다' (to develop repeatedly/continuously). At this level, you should also be able to critique the concept of '발전,' discussing its potential downsides, such as environmental degradation or social inequality. Your usage of '발전' should be seamless, reflecting a sophisticated grasp of both the language and the cultural context. You should be able to use it to express complex, abstract ideas with ease and precision.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of '발전' is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker. You can use it in any context, from poetic and literary writing to technical and scientific discourse. You understand the historical evolution of the word and its Hanja roots (發展 - to emit and unfold). You can engage in deep philosophical discussions about the nature of '발전' and its impact on the human condition. You are comfortable using it in all its grammatical forms and can effortlessly switch between '발전,' '발달,' '성장,' and '진보' to convey the exact shade of meaning you intend. You can also appreciate and use wordplay or metaphors involving '발전.' Your understanding of the word is not just linguistic but also deeply cultural, recognizing how the drive for '발전' has shaped modern Korean identity. At this level, '발전' is just one of many tools in your vast linguistic arsenal, used with perfect accuracy and stylistic flair.

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Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas

발전 em 30 segundos

발전 means development or progress in various fields like technology and economy.
It is a formal noun that can be turned into a verb by adding '하다'.
Commonly used to describe positive growth and qualitative improvement.
Distinguish it from '성장' (size growth) and '발달' (physical/mental development).

The Korean word 발전 (發展) is a cornerstone of modern Korean discourse, representing the concept of 'development' or 'progress.' At its core, it describes a movement from a lower state to a higher, more complex, or more efficient state. Whether you are discussing the rapid economic rise of South Korea, the evolution of a software application, or your own personal growth in learning a new language, 발전 is the go-to term. It is a noun that carries a sense of forward momentum and positive transformation. In a society that values constant improvement and 'pali-pali' (hurry-hurry) culture, this word appears everywhere from news headlines to self-help books.

Economic Context: Used to describe the 'Miracle on the Han River' (한강의 기적), where Korea transitioned from a war-torn nation to a global economic powerhouse. Phrases like '경제 발전' (economic development) are fundamental in history and business.

Technological Context: Refers to the advancement of science and technology. '기술 발전' (technological development) is used when discussing new gadgets, AI, or infrastructure improvements like high-speed rail.

Personal Context: In the realm of '자기계발' (self-development), individuals use 발전 to describe their journey in mastering skills or improving their character. '자기 발전' means self-improvement.

한국은 지난 수십 년 동안 놀라운 경제 발전을 이루었습니다. (Korea has achieved remarkable economic development over the past few decades.)

IT 기술의 발전으로 우리 삶이 훨씬 편해졌어요. (With the development of IT technology, our lives have become much more convenient.)

끊임없는 자기 발전을 위해 노력해야 합니다. (We must strive for constant self-development.)

두 나라의 관계가 긍정적인 방향으로 발전하고 있습니다. (The relationship between the two countries is developing in a positive direction.)

이 도시는 신도시 개발로 인해 급격한 발전을 거듭하고 있다. (This city is undergoing rapid development due to new town projects.)

In summary, 발전 is a versatile and highly positive word. It captures the essence of improvement across various domains of life. Whether you're discussing the macro-level shifts in global politics or the micro-level improvements in your daily habits, 발전 provides the linguistic framework to express that things are getting better, more advanced, and more sophisticated. It is a word that looks toward the future with optimism and ambition.

Using 발전 correctly involves understanding its role as a noun and how it interacts with verbs like 하다 (to do), 되다 (to become/be done), and 이루다 (to achieve). Because it is a Sino-Korean word (Hanja-based), it carries a formal and structured tone, making it suitable for professional, academic, and everyday adult conversation. Let's explore the different grammatical structures and contexts where 발전 shines.

Active Usage: 발전하다: When a subject is developing or progressing on its own. For example, '회사가 발전하다' (The company is developing). It implies an internal or natural growth process.

Passive/Resultative: 발전되다: Used when the development is a result of external factors or when focusing on the state of being developed. '기술이 발전되었다' (Technology has been developed/advanced).

Collocation: 발전시키다: The causative form, meaning 'to develop something' or 'to foster growth.' For example, '능력을 발전시키다' (to develop one's abilities).

우리는 더 나은 미래를 위해 기술을 발전시켜야 합니다. (We must develop technology for a better future.)

그의 실력은 눈에 띄게 발전했습니다. (His skills have developed noticeably.)

사회가 발전함에 따라 새로운 문제들이 발생하고 있다. (As society develops, new problems are arising.)

이 프로젝트는 지역 경제 발전에 큰 기여를 할 것입니다. (This project will contribute greatly to the development of the local economy.)

그 작은 마을은 이제 관광 도시로 발전했다. (That small village has now developed into a tourist city.)

When constructing sentences, remember that 발전 often takes the particle ~을/를 when used with 하다 or 이루다. For example, '발전을 이루다' (to achieve development) is a very common and sophisticated way to express success. In academic writing, you will often see 발전 combined with other nouns to form compound words like '국가 발전' (national development) or '지속 가능한 발전' (sustainable development). Mastering these patterns will help you sound more natural and professional in Korean.

The word 발전 is ubiquitous in South Korean life, reflecting the nation's historical obsession with progress. You will encounter it in diverse settings, from the high-stakes environment of a corporate boardroom to the encouraging words of a teacher. Understanding where you hear it will help you grasp its cultural weight.

In the News and Media: News anchors frequently use 발전 when reporting on economic indicators, diplomatic relations, or scientific breakthroughs. It’s a staple of formal broadcasting.

In Corporate Culture: During company meetings or performance reviews, managers often talk about '회사의 발전' (the company's development) or '개인의 발전' (individual development). It is used to motivate employees and set goals.

In Educational Settings: Teachers use 발전 to praise students' progress. A common phrase on report cards is '앞으로의 발전이 기대됩니다' (I look forward to your future development/progress).

뉴스 리포터: "이번 협정은 양국의 경제 발전에 큰 전환점이 될 것입니다." (News reporter: "This agreement will be a major turning point for the economic development of both countries.")

부장님: "우리 팀의 발전을 위해 새로운 아이디어가 필요합니다." (Manager: "We need new ideas for the development of our team.")

다큐멘터리: "인류는 도구의 사용과 함께 급격한 발전을 맞이했습니다." (Documentary: "Humanity met with rapid development along with the use of tools.")

자기계발 강사: "어제의 나보다 발전한 오늘의 나를 만드세요." (Self-development coach: "Make yourself today more developed than you were yesterday.")

선생님: "민수의 수학 실력이 정말 많이 발전했구나!" (Teacher: "Minsu's math skills have really developed a lot!")

Whether you're listening to a presidential speech or a casual conversation about a friend's new hobby, 발전 is a word that signifies positive change. Its frequent use in Korea reflects a cultural mindset that is always looking for ways to improve, innovate, and grow. By paying attention to the contexts in which 발전 is used, you can gain deeper insights into Korean social values and priorities.

While 발전 is a versatile word, learners often confuse it with other similar terms like 발달 (development), 성장 (growth), and 진보 (progress). Understanding these subtle differences is key to achieving fluency and sounding like a native speaker. Let's break down the most common pitfalls.

발전 vs. 발달 (Development): 발전 is broader and often refers to social, economic, or technological progress. 발달 (發達) is more specific to physical, biological, or mental development (e.g., '근육 발달' - muscle development, '두뇌 발달' - brain development). You wouldn't say '경제 발달' as often as '경제 발전'.

발전 vs. 성장 (Growth): 성장 (成長) focuses on increase in size, quantity, or maturity. While 발전 implies qualitative improvement, 성장 is more about getting bigger. A child '성장's, but a society '발전's (though '경제 성장' is also very common for GDP growth).

발전 vs. 진보 (Progress): 진보 (進步) often has a political or ideological connotation (liberalism/progressivism). While it can mean general progress, 발전 is more neutral and widely used for technological and economic contexts.

Mistake: 아이의 몸이 발전하고 있어요. (The child's body is developing.) -> Correct: 아이의 몸이 성장하고 있어요.

Mistake: 근육 발전을 위해 운동해요. (I exercise for muscle development.) -> Correct: 근육 발달을 위해 운동해요.

Mistake: 컴퓨터 성장이 빨라요. (Computer growth is fast.) -> Correct: 컴퓨터 기술의 발전이 빨라요.

Mistake: 이 나라는 정치적 발달이 필요해요. (This country needs political development.) -> Correct: 이 나라는 정치적 발전이 필요해요.

Mistake: 내 한국어 실력이 성장했어요. (My Korean skills have grown.) -> Better: 내 한국어 실력이 발전했어요 (or 향상되었어요).

To avoid these mistakes, think about the nature of the change. Is it a qualitative improvement in a system or skill? Use 발전. Is it a physical or biological process? Use 발달. Is it simply getting bigger or older? Use 성장. By keeping these distinctions in mind, you'll be able to use 발전 with precision and confidence.

To truly master Korean, you need to know when to use 발전 and when to opt for a more specific synonym. Korean has a rich vocabulary for 'progress' and 'improvement,' each with its own nuance. Expanding your repertoire of similar words will allow you to express yourself more precisely and elegantly.

향상 (向上 - Improvement/Enhancement): Focuses on the improvement of skills, quality, or standards. '실력 향상' (improvement of skills) is a very common phrase. It's more specific than 발전 when talking about personal abilities.

개선 (改善 - Improvement/Reform): Used when fixing something that is wrong or insufficient. It implies making something better by removing flaws. '제도 개선' (improvement of a system/reform).

진보 (進步 - Progress/Advancement): Often used for scientific or social progress. It suggests moving forward toward a better state. As mentioned before, it can also have political overtones.

확장 (擴張 - Expansion): Used when the development involves increasing the size, scope, or range of something, like a business or a building. '사업 확장' (business expansion).

성적 향상을 위해 학원에 다녀요. (I go to an academy to improve my grades.)

근무 환경 개선이 시급합니다. (Improving the working environment is urgent.)

과학의 진보는 멈추지 않는다. (The progress of science does not stop.)

회사가 해외로 시장을 확장하고 있다. (The company is expanding its market overseas.)

우리 도시는 문화적으로 크게 발전했다. (Our city has developed greatly culturally.)

By learning these alternatives, you can avoid repeating 발전 too often in your writing and speaking. It also shows that you have a nuanced understanding of the Korean language. Try to use 향상 when talking about your language skills and 개선 when suggesting ways to make things better. This level of precision will make your Korean sound much more advanced.

How Formal Is It?

Curiosidade

The character 展 (전) is also used in words like '전시회' (exhibition), where things are 'unfolded' for people to see.

Guia de pronúncia

UK /pal.dʑʌn/

US /pal.dʒʌn/

In Korean, syllables generally have equal weight, but there is a slight emphasis on the first syllable '발' in this word.

Rima com

안전 (safety) 완전 (perfect) 운전 (driving) 회전 (rotation) 반전 (reversal) 선전 (propaganda/promotion) 작전 (operation) 실전 (real battle/practice)

Erros comuns

Pronouncing '발' with a strong 'p' like 'pal' in English.
Pronouncing '전' like 'john' (it should be shorter and crisper).
Over-aspirating the 'b/p' sound.
Making the 'l' sound too heavy like an English 'l'.
Confusing the pitch with the homonym '발전' (power generation), though they are very similar.

Nível de dificuldade

Leitura 3/5

Easy to recognize in text due to frequent usage.

Escrita 4/5

Requires understanding of collocations and Hanja nuances.

Expressão oral 3/5

Commonly used in daily speech, pronunciation is straightforward.

Audição 3/5

Must distinguish from homonyms like 'power generation' via context.

O que aprender depois

Pré-requisitos

하다 (to do) 되다 (to become) 나라 (country) 기술 (technology) 공부 (study)

Aprenda a seguir

성장 (growth) 발달 (development/biological) 진보 (progress) 개선 (improvement) 혁신 (innovation)

Avançado

지속 가능성 (sustainability) 원동력 (driving force) 획기적 (groundbreaking) 패러다임 (paradigm) 귀결 (result/conclusion)

Gramática essencial

Noun + 하다/되다

발전하다 (Active), 발전되다 (Passive)

~을/를 위해 (For the sake of)

발전을 위해 노력하다.

~함에 따라 (As ... does)

사회가 발전함에 따라...

~에 기여하다 (Contribute to)

경제 발전에 기여하다.

~ㄹ 수밖에 없다 (Cannot help but)

기술은 발전할 수밖에 없다.

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Exemplos por nível

우리 마을은 많이 발전했어요.

Our village has developed a lot.

발전했어요 is the past tense of 발전하다.

기술이 발전해요.

Technology is developing.

발전해요 is the present tense of 발전하다.

이 도시는 발전이 빨라요.

This city's development is fast.

발전 is used here as a noun.

컴퓨터가 발전하고 있어요.

Computers are developing.

-고 있다 indicates an ongoing action.

발전을 위해서 공부해요.

I study for development (progress).

-을 위해서 means 'for the sake of'.

한국은 발전한 나라예요.

Korea is a developed country.

발전한 is an adjective form (past participle).

더 발전하고 싶어요.

I want to develop more.

-고 싶어요 means 'want to'.

우리 회사는 발전 중이에요.

Our company is in the middle of developing.

-중이다 means 'in the middle of'.

제 한국어 실력이 많이 발전했어요.

My Korean skills have developed a lot.

실력 (skill) is a common subject for 발전.

인터넷의 발전으로 생활이 편해졌어요.

Life has become convenient due to the development of the internet.

-으로 indicates the cause or means.

앞으로 더 발전할 거예요.

It will develop more in the future.

-ㄹ 거예요 is the future tense.

이 나라는 경제 발전을 원해요.

This country wants economic development.

경제 발전 is a very common compound noun.

우리는 함께 발전해야 합니다.

We must develop together.

-해야 합니다 means 'must/should'.

그 가수는 노래 실력이 발전했어요.

That singer's singing skills have developed.

실력이 발전하다 is a natural collocation.

과학 기술의 발전은 놀라워요.

The development of science and technology is amazing.

과학 기술 is often paired with 발전.

발전된 미래를 꿈꿔요.

I dream of a developed future.

발전된 is the passive adjective form.

정부는 지역 경제 발전을 위해 노력하고 있다.

The government is striving for local economic development.

지역 경제 발전 means 'local economic development'.

지속 가능한 발전을 생각해야 합니다.

We must think about sustainable development.

지속 가능한 발전 is the term for 'sustainable development'.

그의 연구는 의학 발전에 큰 기여를 했다.

His research contributed greatly to the development of medicine.

발전에 기여하다 means 'to contribute to development'.

사회가 발전함에 따라 가치관도 변한다.

As society develops, values also change.

-함에 따라 means 'as [something] does [something]'.

자신의 능력을 발전시키는 것이 중요하다.

It is important to develop one's own abilities.

발전시키다 is the causative form 'to develop [something]'.

이 도시는 교통의 발전으로 인구가 늘었다.

The population of this city increased due to the development of transportation.

교통의 발전 means 'development of transportation'.

두 기업은 상호 발전을 위해 협력하기로 했다.

The two companies decided to cooperate for mutual development.

상호 발전 means 'mutual development'.

끊임없는 자기 발전이 성공의 열쇠이다.

Constant self-development is the key to success.

자기 발전 is a common term for 'self-improvement'.

급격한 산업 발전은 환경 오염을 초래하기도 한다.

Rapid industrial development sometimes causes environmental pollution.

초래하다 means 'to bring about' or 'to cause' (usually something negative).

정보 통신 기술의 발전은 사회 구조를 변화시켰다.

The development of information and communication technology has changed the social structure.

정보 통신 기술 (ICT) is a common subject for 발전.

그 나라는 민주주의 발전을 위해 오랜 투쟁을 거쳤다.

The country went through a long struggle for the development of democracy.

민주주의 발전 means 'development of democracy'.

문화적 발전 없이는 진정한 선진국이라 할 수 없다.

Without cultural development, one cannot be called a truly advanced nation.

-라 할 수 없다 means 'cannot be called'.

이 이론은 물리학 발전에 획기적인 전기를 마련했다.

This theory provided a groundbreaking turning point in the development of physics.

획기적인 전기 means 'a groundbreaking turning point'.

개인의 발전이 곧 조직의 발전으로 이어진다.

Individual development leads directly to the development of the organization.

-으로 이어진다 means 'leads to' or 'is connected to'.

인공지능의 발전이 고용 시장에 미치는 영향은 지대하다.

The impact of AI development on the job market is enormous.

지대하다 is a formal word for 'enormous' or 'great'.

도시의 균형 있는 발전을 위해 정책을 수정했다.

The policy was revised for the balanced development of the city.

균형 있는 발전 means 'balanced development'.

한국의 근대화 과정에서 경제 발전은 최우선 과제였다.

In the process of Korea's modernization, economic development was the top priority.

최우선 과제 means 'top priority task'.

학문의 발전은 자유로운 비판과 토론을 통해 이루어진다.

The development of scholarship is achieved through free criticism and discussion.

-을 통해 이루어진다 means 'is achieved through'.

기술의 발전이 인간의 소외 현상을 심화시킬 수도 있다.

Technological development can also deepen the phenomenon of human alienation.

소외 현상 means 'alienation phenomenon'.

국가 발전의 원동력은 교육에 있다는 점을 명심해야 한다.

We must keep in mind that the driving force of national development lies in education.

원동력 means 'driving force' or 'motive power'.

예술의 발전은 시대적 상황과 밀접한 관련이 있다.

The development of art is closely related to the circumstances of the times.

밀접한 관련이 있다 means 'to be closely related'.

기업은 사회적 책임을 다함으로써 지속적인 발전을 꾀해야 한다.

Companies should seek continuous development by fulfilling their social responsibilities.

꾀하다 means 'to plan' or 'to seek'.

언어의 발전은 그 사회의 문화적 성숙도를 반영한다.

The development of a language reflects the cultural maturity of that society.

성숙도 means 'degree of maturity'.

인류의 역사는 도구의 발전과 궤를 같이한다.

The history of humanity is in line with the development of tools.

궤를 같이하다 is an idiom meaning 'to be in line with' or 'to share the same path'.

과학적 발전의 이면에 숨겨진 윤리적 딜레마를 간과해서는 안 된다.

We must not overlook the ethical dilemmas hidden behind scientific development.

이면 means 'the other side' or 'the back'.

문명의 발전이 반드시 인간의 행복으로 귀결되는 것은 아니다.

The development of civilization does not necessarily result in human happiness.

귀결되다 means 'to result in' or 'to come to an end'.

그 작가는 문학적 형식의 파괴를 통해 새로운 발전을 모색했다.

The author sought new development through the destruction of literary forms.

모색하다 means 'to seek' or 'to grope for'.

자본주의의 발전 과정에서 발생한 불평등 문제는 여전히 난제이다.

The problem of inequality that arose during the development of capitalism remains a difficult challenge.

난제 means 'a difficult problem' or 'a conundrum'.

생명 공학의 비약적인 발전은 인류에게 축복이자 재앙이 될 수 있다.

The rapid development of biotechnology can be both a blessing and a disaster for humanity.

비약적인 means 'leaping' or 'rapid'.

국가 간의 균형 발전은 세계 평화의 초석이 된다.

Balanced development between nations becomes the cornerstone of world peace.

초석 means 'cornerstone' or 'foundation'.

철학적 사유의 발전은 인류 지성사의 흐름을 바꾸어 놓았다.

The development of philosophical thought changed the flow of human intellectual history.

사유 means 'thought' or 'reasoning'.

지속 가능한 발전을 위한 패러다임의 전환이 절실히 요구된다.

A paradigm shift for sustainable development is urgently required.

절실히 means 'urgently' or 'desperately'.

Sinônimos

진보 발달 향상 성장 개선

Antônimos

퇴보 쇠퇴 정체

Colocações comuns

경제 발전

기술 발전

자기 발전

발전을 이루다

발전을 거듭하다

지속 가능한 발전

발전의 기틀

국가 발전

학문 발전

지역 발전

Frases Comuns

발전 가능성

— The potential for development or growth. Used to describe people or projects.

그 선수는 발전 가능성이 매우 높다.

발전 단계

— The stage of development. Used to describe the current status of a process.

지금은 초기 발전 단계에 있다.

발전 방향

— The direction of development. Used when planning future goals.

우리는 새로운 발전 방향을 모색해야 한다.

발전 속도

— The speed of development. Used to describe how fast things are changing.

기술의 발전 속도가 너무 빠르다.

발전 양상

— The aspect or pattern of development. Used in analytical contexts.

사건의 발전 양상을 지켜보자.

발전 원동력

— The driving force of development. Used to identify what causes progress.

열정은 개인 발전의 원동력이다.

발전 전략

— Development strategy. Used in business or government planning.

중장기 발전 전략을 수립했다.

발전 과정

— The process of development. Used to describe the history of growth.

문명의 발전 과정을 공부했다.

발전 도상국

— Developing country. A formal term for nations in the process of industrializing.

많은 발전 도상국들이 원조를 필요로 한다.

상호 발전

— Mutual development. Used when two parties grow together.

우리는 상호 발전을 위해 협력한다.

Frequentemente confundido com

발전 vs 발전 (發電)

Means 'power generation.' Same pronunciation, different Hanja. Context (like 'power plant') is key.

발전 vs 발견 (發現)

Means 'discovery.' Sounds similar but means finding something new, not developing it.

발전 vs 반전 (反轉)

Means 'reversal' or 'twist' (like in a movie). One vowel difference.

Expressões idiomáticas

"괄목상대 (刮目相對)"

— To see someone in a new light due to their remarkable progress. Literally, 'rubbing one's eyes and facing each other.'

그의 실력이 괄목상대할 만큼 발전했다.

Literary/Formal

"일취월장 (日就月將)"

— Making steady and rapid progress day by day and month by month.

그녀의 한국어 실력이 일취월장하고 있다.

Literary/Formal

"천지개벽 (天地開闢)"

— A world-shaking change or development. Literally, 'the creation of heaven and earth.'

이 동네는 천지개벽 수준으로 발전했다.

Colloquial/Metaphorical

"비약적인 발전"

— Leaping development; rapid and significant progress.

과학 기술이 비약적인 발전을 이루었다.

Formal

"눈부신 발전"

— Dazzling development; progress so great it's hard to look at.

한국은 눈부신 발전을 거듭해 왔다.

Neutral/Formal

"발전의 기틀을 다지다"

— To solidify the foundation for development.

새로운 정책이 국가 발전의 기틀을 다졌다.

Formal

"제자리걸음"

— Walking in place; no progress or development (Antonym idiom).

협상이 발전 없이 제자리걸음만 하고 있다.

Neutral

"청출어람 (靑出於藍)"

— The student surpasses the teacher (a form of personal development).

그는 스승보다 뛰어난 실력으로 청출어람을 보여주었다.

Literary

"환골탈태 (換骨奪胎)"

— To change completely for the better; a total transformation/development.

그 회사는 구조 조정을 통해 환골탈태했다.

Literary/Formal

"파죽지세 (破竹之勢)"

— With irresistible force (often used for rapid development or success).

그 기업은 파죽지세로 시장을 발전시키고 있다.

Literary/Formal

Fácil de confundir

발전 vs 발달 (Development)

Both translate to 'development' in English.

발달 is for physical, biological, or mental growth (muscles, brain). 발전 is for systems, technology, and society.

근육 발달 (Muscle development) vs. 기술 발전 (Tech development).

발전 vs 성장 (Growth)

Both imply getting better or bigger.

성장 focuses on size, quantity, or maturity. 발전 focuses on qualitative progress and sophistication.

아이의 성장 (Child's growth) vs. 도시의 발전 (City's development).

발전 vs 진보 (Progress)

Both mean moving forward.

진보 is often ideological or scientific. 발전 is more general and commonly used for economy and technology.

사회 진보 (Social progress) vs. 경제 발전 (Economic development).

발전 vs 향상 (Improvement)

Both mean getting better.

향상 is used for levels, quality, or skills. 발전 is broader and can include expansion and system changes.

실력 향상 (Skill improvement) vs. 자기 발전 (Self-development).

발전 vs 개선 (Improvement/Reform)

Both involve making things better.

개선 implies fixing something that was broken or bad. 발전 implies building upon something to make it more advanced.

환경 개선 (Environmental improvement/fixing) vs. 기술 발전 (Tech development).

Padrões de frases

[Noun]이/가 발전해요.

도시가 발전해요.

[Noun] 실력이 발전했어요.

노래 실력이 발전했어요.

[Noun] 발전을 위해 [Verb].

자기 발전을 위해 공부해요.

[Noun]을/를 발전시키다.

기술을 발전시키다.

[Noun] 발전에 기여하다.

사회 발전에 기여하다.

[Noun]이/가 발전함에 따라 [Clause].

경제가 발전함에 따라 삶이 좋아졌다.

비약적인 발전을 이루다.

IT 산업이 비약적인 발전을 이루었다.

발전의 기틀을 마련하다.

민주주의 발전의 기틀을 마련했다.

Família de palavras

Substantivos

발전소 (power plant)

발전기 (generator)

발전상 (aspect of development)

발전체 (developing body)

Verbos

발전하다 (to develop)

발전시키다 (to make something develop)

발전되다 (to be developed)

Adjetivos

발전적 (developing/constructive)

발전된 (developed)

Relacionado

성장 (growth)

진보 (progress)

개선 (improvement)

확장 (expansion)

변화 (change)

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Como usar

frequency

Extremely high in news, business, and education.

Erros comuns

아이의 키가 발전했어요. → 아이의 키가 컸어요 / 성장했어요.
발전 is for qualitative progress, not physical height.
근육 발전을 위해 운동해요. → 근육 발달을 위해 운동해요.
Physical/biological development uses 발달, not 발전.
경제가 발달했어요. → 경제가 발전했어요.
Economic progress is almost always 발전 or 성장.
나쁜 습관이 발전했어요. → 나쁜 습관이 생겼어요 / 심해졌어요.
발전 is a positive word; don't use it for negative things getting worse.
발전소에서 기술을 발전해요. → 발전소에서 전기를 생산해요 / 기술을 발전시켜요.
Don't confuse the two meanings of 발전 in the same sentence without clarity.

Dicas

Use with '이루다'

To sound more advanced in writing, use '발전을 이루다' (to achieve development) instead of just '발전하다'.

Learn the Homonym

Remember that '발전' also means power generation. If you see it with '전기' (electricity), it's about power!

Causative Form

Use '발전시키다' when you are the one making something develop (e.g., 'I developed the company').

Economic Context

When talking about Korea's history, '경제 발전' is the most important term to know.

Praising Progress

Tell your Korean friends '실력이 많이 발전했네요!' to compliment their improving skills.

Compound Nouns

You can combine '발전' with many nouns without a particle, like '기술 발전' or '사회 발전'.

News Keywords

Listen for '발전' in news reports about the economy, science, or international relations.

Pal-Jeon

Think of your 'Pal' (friend) 'Jeon' who is always getting better at everything.

발전 vs 성장

Use '성장' for size/age and '발전' for quality/sophistication.

Idiomatic Use

Learn '일취월장' to describe someone whose progress is incredibly fast.

Memorize

Mnemônico

Think of a 'PAL' (friend) named 'JEON' who is always improving himself. Pal-Jeon = Progress!

Associação visual

Imagine a scroll being 'unfolded' (展) to reveal a beautiful, advanced city that was 'started' (發) from a small village.

Word Web

경제 발전 기술 발전 자기 발전 도시 발전 문화 발전 학문 발전 지속 가능한 발전 비약적인 발전

Desafio

Try to write three sentences about how your life has changed in the last five years using the word '발전'.

Origem da palavra

From the Hanja characters 發 (발) meaning 'to emit, start, or send out' and 展 (전) meaning 'to unfold, spread out, or expand.' Together, they literally mean 'to start and unfold.'

Significado original: To unfold or expand a business, idea, or state from a starting point.

Sino-Korean (Hanja)

Contexto cultural

Be careful when comparing the '발전' of different countries, as it can be a sensitive political topic.

In English, 'development' can be neutral or even negative (e.g., 'a new development in the murder case'). In Korean, '발전' is almost always positive.

The 'Miracle on the Han River' (한강의 기적) - a symbol of national 발전. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) - translated as 지속 가능한 발전 목표. Samsung and Hyundai - companies often cited as examples of rapid 기술 발전.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Business

사업 발전 (business development)
발전 전략 (development strategy)
상호 발전 (mutual development)
회사의 발전 (company's development)

Technology

기술의 발전 (technological development)
비약적인 발전 (leaping development)
IT 발전 (IT development)
과학 기술 발전 (science and tech development)

Education

실력 발전 (skill development)
학문 발전 (academic development)
자기 발전 (self-development)
교육의 발전 (educational development)

Economy

경제 발전 (economic development)
국가 발전 (national development)
지역 발전 (regional development)
발전 도상국 (developing country)

Society

사회 발전 (social development)
문화 발전 (cultural development)
민주주의 발전 (democratic development)
도시 발전 (urban development)

Iniciadores de conversa

"요즘 가장 놀라운 기술 발전은 무엇이라고 생각하세요? (What do you think is the most amazing technological development lately?)"

"자신의 발전을 위해 매일 하는 습관이 있나요? (Do you have a daily habit for your own self-development?)"

"지난 10년 동안 당신의 고향은 어떻게 발전했나요? (How has your hometown developed over the last 10 years?)"

"한국어 실력 발전을 위해 어떤 노력을 하고 계신가요? (What efforts are you making to develop your Korean skills?)"

"회사의 발전을 위해 가장 중요한 요소는 무엇일까요? (What do you think is the most important factor for a company's development?)"

Temas para diário

올해 내가 이룬 가장 큰 개인적 발전은 무엇인가? (What is the biggest personal development I achieved this year?)

미래의 기술 발전이 우리 삶을 어떻게 바꿀지 상상해 보세요. (Imagine how future technological developments will change our lives.)

지속 가능한 발전을 위해 우리가 지금 당장 할 수 있는 일은? (What can we do right now for sustainable development?)

내가 꿈꾸는 우리 사회의 발전된 모습은? (What is the developed image of our society that I dream of?)

어려움을 극복하며 발전했던 경험에 대해 써 보세요. (Write about an experience where you developed while overcoming difficulties.)

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

No, for physical height or size, you should use '성장' (growth) or '크다' (to grow). '발전' is for skills, character, or status.

Not usually. '발달하다' is for biological or mental functions (like a child's brain), while '발전하다' is for social or technological progress.

A '발전소' is a power plant. Here, '발전' means power generation (發電), not development (發展).

You can say '자기 발전' or '자기 계발'. Both are very common and mean improving oneself.

Yes, it almost always carries a positive connotation of progress and improvement.

Yes! '관계를 발전시키다' means to develop a relationship, often implying it's becoming more serious.

The direct opposite is '퇴보' (regression) or '쇠퇴' (decline).

Yes, it is a standard word used in both North and South Korea to mean development.

No, '발전' implies improvement. If a situation gets worse, you use '악화' (deterioration).

Yes, it is very common in TOPIK II (Intermediate/Advanced) reading and writing sections.

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