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IMMUNE SYSTEM MADE EASY- IMMUNOLOGY INNATE AND ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY SIMPLE ANIMATION
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hello and welcome to met simplified the
immune system is the basic defense
system of the body that protects us from
harmful pathogens and diseases the
immune system consists of various types
of cells and different proteins that
kill the harmful invading microorganisms
and protects our body from disease in
this video we will discuss about the
human immune system what is a basic
structure of the human immune system and
how it functions then we will also look
at some of the factors which affect your
immune system and the differences
between the innate and acquired immunity
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let's begin with the immune system the
overall function of the immune system is
to prevent or limit infection when the
immune system first recognizes invasion
by pathogens it responds to address the
problem if an immune response cannot be
activated when there is sufficient need
problems arise like infections and other
diseases on the other hand when an
immune response is activated without a
real threat or is not turned off once
the danger passes different problems
arise such as allergic reactions and
autoimmune diseases let's look at the
basic structure of the immune system the
immune system essentially consists of
three layers of defense that protects
our body from various types of attacks
from microorganisms and even nonliving
things like toxins metals etc each layer
consists of different mechanisms of
immunity and when one layer is breached
or invaded the mechanisms of the layer
below it come into action until the
attack is successfully controlled the
first and basic layer of human immune
system is the barrier immunity below
which is the innate immunity and finally
we have the adaptive immunity or the
acquired immunity let's decode these
terms one by one and understand about
the basic structure of the human immune
system so the first layer
defense in human immune system is the
barrier immunity and the most important
part of para immunity is of course the
skin
skin is considered as the largest organ
of human body with an average surface
area of one point seven three meter
square in simple terms physical barriers
prevent pathogens such as bacteria and
viruses from entering the organism the
skin not only provides a physical
barrier that prevents any pathogens from
entering your body but it also provides
protection by means of chemical and
biological barriers skin cells produce
and secrete important antimicrobial
proteins that kill the invading
microorganisms the skin also contains
immune cells that help to stop the
microbes from invading our body
shedding of skin epithelium also known
as desquamation helps to remove bacteria
and other infectious agents that may
have adhered to the skin surface similar
types of barrier immunity is also
provided by many other surfaces present
inside our body including the surface
lining of our respiratory system the
gastrointestinal system the genital
urinary system and the surface lining of
our nose and pharynx all these types of
surfaces provide a physical barrier that
prevents the attack from pathogens and
they also provide various types of
chemical anti microbials which try to
stop the invading pathogens at a very
early stage for example the surface
lining of our respiratory system has
these small hairlike projections that
are known as respiratory cilia a special
property of the Celia is that they have
a particular direction of movement by
virtue of which they remove any foreign
material that may have entered our lungs
while breathing this provides a strong
physical barrier that prevents buildup
of microorganisms and other foreign
material in our lungs defects in the
function of Celia are very common in
smokers which leads to higher incidence
of chest infections the respiratory
surface also provides various types of
antimicrobial chemicals like surfactants
mucus and defensins which help to stop
the invading microorganisms our stomach
releases strong acids with a very low pH
that kills most of the microorganisms
that we accidentally ingest while eating
the tears in our eyes also contains
special antimicrobial proteins like
lysozyme that kill many pathogens the
constant flushing of Tears also prevents
any buildup of foreign material in our
eyes which is also an example of barrier
immunity
so this was the first line of defense of
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