15秒了解
- Tipping over from a standing position.
- Used for fainting, exhaustion, or objects falling.
- Metaphorical for changing your mind under pressure.
意思
It describes something standing upright that suddenly tips over and hits the ground. You can use it for objects like bottles, or for people fainting or being exhausted.
关键例句
3 / 8Describing a minor accident
Der Becher ist einfach umgefallen.
The cup just fell over.
Talking about the weather
Sie ist wegen der Hitze umgefallen.
She fainted because of the heat.
Discussing politics
Die Partei ist in der Abstimmung umgefallen.
The party gave in during the vote.
文化背景
The 'Umfaller' is a specific political archetype in Germany, often associated with the FDP party. It's a term used to shame parties that switch sides in a coalition. In Austria, 'umfallen' can also be used in the context of 'um etwas umfallen', meaning to lose out on something or not get something you expected. The phrase 'vor Arbeit umfallen' is a common hyperbole used to express the high pressure in German corporate environments, though it's often said with a touch of irony. The 'Gardemaß' soldiers were famous for standing so still that they would occasionally 'umfallen' due to locked knees—a phenomenon still warned against in modern German military training.
The 'Bottle' Rule
If it has a bottom and a top, and now the top is where the bottom was, use 'umfallen'.
Auxiliary Alert
Never use 'haben' with 'umfallen'. It's always 'ist umgefallen'.
15秒了解
- Tipping over from a standing position.
- Used for fainting, exhaustion, or objects falling.
- Metaphorical for changing your mind under pressure.
What It Means
Imagine a tall glass on a table. Someone bumps the table. The glass tips and hits the surface. That is umfallen. It is about moving from vertical to horizontal. It happens to trees in a storm. It happens to people who faint. It is a sudden, often accidental movement. It is like a domino falling over.
How To Use It
This is a separable verb. The um part loves to travel. In a simple sentence, it goes to the end. You say Ich falle um. In the past, use sein. Say Er ist umgefallen. It is very common in spoken German. You will hear it everywhere. Just remember the um moves to the back like a tail.
When To Use It
Use it when someone faints from the heat. Use it when you are exhausted. Ich falle gleich um is a classic after a long day. It works for objects too. A bicycle falls over if there is wind. Even a bottle of water can umfallen. It is perfect for any physical tipping. You might even use it when you're shocked.
When NOT To Use It
Do not use it if you trip. If you are walking and hit the ground, use hinfallen. Umfallen starts from a standing position. Do not use it for falling prices. Prices sinken or fallen. They do not umfallen. Also, do not use it for falling in love. That is sich verlieben. It's strictly for tipping over.
Cultural Background
In Germany, this word has a political bite. If a politician changes their mind, they fallen um. It means they lacked the strength to stand. It is often used as a criticism. People might call a weak politician an Umfaller. It implies they gave up their values under pressure. It is a very visual way to describe a lack of integrity.
Common Variations
You can say vor Müdigkeit umfallen. This means you are "dead tired." Another one is vor Schreck umfallen. This means you are extremely shocked. It is like your legs gave out. You can also use umkippen. That is a very close synonym. It is often used for liquids or fainting. It's a bit more informal but very similar.
使用说明
The verb is neutral and safe for all contexts. Just remember it's a separable verb that uses `sein` in the perfect tense.
The 'Bottle' Rule
If it has a bottom and a top, and now the top is where the bottom was, use 'umfallen'.
Auxiliary Alert
Never use 'haben' with 'umfallen'. It's always 'ist umgefallen'.
Political Nuance
Calling a politician an 'Umfaller' is a strong insult. Use it carefully in formal writing!
例句
8Der Becher ist einfach umgefallen.
The cup just fell over.
A simple description of an object tipping over.
Sie ist wegen der Hitze umgefallen.
She fainted because of the heat.
Used here as a synonym for fainting.
Die Partei ist in der Abstimmung umgefallen.
The party gave in during the vote.
The metaphorical use meaning to change one's stance.
Bin so müde, ich falle gleich um.
I'm so tired, I'm about to collapse.
A very common way to express extreme exhaustion.
Nach einem Glas Wein fällt er schon um.
After one glass of wine, he already falls over.
A humorous exaggeration of someone getting drunk quickly.
Ich bin fast umgefallen, als ich das gehört habe.
I almost fell over when I heard that.
Expressing shock or disbelief.
Pass auf, dass die Leiter nicht umfällt!
Watch out so the ladder doesn't fall over!
A safety warning for a vertical object.
Der Baum ist im Sturm einfach umgefallen.
The tree simply fell over in the storm.
Describing nature's power on standing objects.
自我测试
Fill in the correct form of 'umfallen' in the present tense.
Vorsicht! Die {die|f} Vase ______ gleich ______!
In a main clause, 'umfallen' is separated, and 'Vase' is singular (3rd person).
Which auxiliary verb is correct for the perfect tense?
Gestern ______ ich vor Müdigkeit umgefallen.
'Umfallen' describes a change of state/position and always takes 'sein'.
Match the sentence to the context.
1. 'Die Partei ist umgefallen.' 2. 'Der Baum ist umgefallen.' 3. 'Ich falle gleich um.'
These represent the three main senses: political, physical, and medical/exhaustion.
Complete the dialogue.
A: Warum liegst du auf dem Boden? B: Ich bin einfach ______.
The perfect tense requires the past participle 'umgefallen'.
🎉 得分： /4
视觉学习工具
练习题库
4 练习Vorsicht! Die {die|f} Vase ______ gleich ______!
In a main clause, 'umfallen' is separated, and 'Vase' is singular (3rd person).
Gestern ______ ich vor Müdigkeit umgefallen.
'Umfallen' describes a change of state/position and always takes 'sein'.
1. 'Die Partei ist umgefallen.' 2. 'Der Baum ist umgefallen.' 3. 'Ich falle gleich um.'
These represent the three main senses: political, physical, and medical/exhaustion.
A: Warum liegst du auf dem Boden? B: Ich bin einfach ______.
The perfect tense requires the past participle 'umgefallen'.
🎉 得分： /4
常见问题
8 个问题Only if they died by literally falling over suddenly. It's not a general word for 'to die'.
Yes, in a casual context. 'Er ist umgefallen' often means 'He fainted'.
Because it's a separable verb. The 'ge' goes between the prefix and the root.
Usually, we use 'einstürzen' for buildings, but if a very thin, tall structure tips over, 'umfallen' works.
It's a noun meaning someone who gives in or changes their mind easily, especially in politics.
No, use 'sinken' or 'fallen' for prices.
For people fainting, they are equally common. For bottles, 'umfallen' is slightly more common.
Use 'Ich habe es umgestoßen'. 'Umfallen' is what the object does, not what you do to it.
相关表达
umkippen
similarTo tip over (often used for liquids or moods).
umstoßen
builds onTo knock something over.
einknicken
synonymTo buckle or give in.
zusammensacken
similarTo collapse vertically.
hinfallen
contrastTo fall down while moving.
