बयान करना 30秒了解
- A formal and descriptive verb meaning 'to describe' or 'to state' in Hindi.
- Commonly used in news, law, and poetry to provide a detailed account.
- A compound verb (Noun + Karna) that follows transitive grammar rules.
- More evocative and serious than the basic verb 'batana' (to tell).
The Hindi verb बयान करना (bayan karna) is a sophisticated and expressive term that translates most closely to 'to describe,' 'to narrate,' or 'to give a statement.' While the simpler verb 'बताना' (batana) means 'to tell,' bayan karna carries a weight of detail, emotion, or formality. It suggests that the speaker is not just relaying a fact, but is painting a picture with words or providing a comprehensive account of an event or feeling. This word is deeply rooted in the Indo-Persian linguistic tradition of Hindi-Urdu, often appearing in literature, legal proceedings, and heartfelt conversations.
- Formal Testimony
- In a legal context, 'bayan karna' refers to the act of a witness giving their official statement to the police or in a court of law. It implies a sense of accountability and precision.
- Emotional Expression
- In poetry or romantic dialogue, it is used when one struggles to find the words to express deep love or sorrow. For example, 'I cannot describe my love in words' would use this verb to show the depth of the sentiment.
- Narrative Description
- When a traveler returns from a journey and recounts every detail of the mountains and the people they met, they are 'bayan-ing' their experience. It suggests a structured and vivid narration.
"उसने अपनी आँखों देखी घटना को विस्तार से बयान किया।"
You will encounter this word frequently in Hindi news broadcasts, especially when reporters ask a victim or a witness to 'bayan' what happened. It is also a staple in 'Ghazals' (poetry) where the poet talks about the inability of language to 'bayan' the beauty of the beloved. Understanding this word helps a learner move beyond basic communication into the realm of nuanced storytelling and formal interaction.
"मेरे पास अपनी खुशी बयान करने के लिए शब्द नहीं हैं।"
In everyday usage, if someone tells you a long, winding story, you might say, "Tumne toh poora kissa hi bayan kar diya!" (You narrated the whole saga!). It adds a layer of drama and completeness to the act of speaking. It is also used in political speeches where leaders 'bayan' their vision for the country, making it a versatile tool for any intermediate Hindi speaker.
Using बयान करना (bayan karna) correctly requires an understanding of its transitive nature. In Hindi grammar, because it ends in 'karna,' it often follows the rules of the 'Ne' construction in the past tense. The object of what is being described usually takes the 'ko' postposition or is simply stated as the direct object.
- Past Tense Usage
- When you have already described something, you use 'ne' with the subject. For example: 'Usne (He) sab kuch (everything) bayan kiya (described).' Notice that 'kiya' agrees with 'bayan' (masculine singular).
- Infinitive Forms
- When using it as 'to describe,' the form 'bayan karna' stays intact. 'I want to describe this' becomes 'Main ise bayan karna chahta hoon.'
"क्या आप अपनी समस्या को फिर से बयान कर सकते हैं?"
A common pattern is [Subject] + [Object] + [Bayan Karna]. If the object is a complex situation, you might use 'ke bare mein' (about), although 'bayan karna' usually takes the object directly. For instance, 'Apne safar ko bayan karna' (To describe your journey).
"कवि ने प्रकृति की सुंदरता को शब्दों में बयान किया है।"
In future tense, it follows standard conjugation: 'Main bayan karoonga' (I will describe). In continuous tense: 'Woh apna dukh bayan kar raha hai' (He is expressing his grief). The versatility of this verb allows it to fit into almost any sentence structure where 'telling' needs a touch of gravity or detail.
You will encounter बयान करना in several specific domains of Indian life. Understanding these contexts will help you recognize the tone being set—usually one of seriousness, depth, or officialdom.
- News and Media
- Journalists use this word constantly. Headlines like 'Mantri ne apni yojna bayan ki' (The Minister stated his plan) or 'Peedit ne apni aap-beeti bayan ki' (The victim narrated their ordeal) are standard. It sounds more professional than 'bataya'.
- Bollywood and Music
- Song lyrics are filled with this word. Whenever a character is in love or heartbroken, they talk about how 'haal-e-dil' (the condition of the heart) cannot be 'bayan.' It evokes a sense of poetic struggle with language.
- Legal and Police Reports
- In police stations, when a 'FIR' (First Information Report) is filed, the complainant must 'bayan' the events. The formal recorded statement is called a 'bayan,' and the act of giving it is 'bayan karna.'
"फिल्म के निर्देशक ने कहानी का उद्देश्य बयान किया।"
In social circles, you might hear it during a serious discussion. If a friend is going through a tough time, you might say, "Tum apna dard bayan kar sakte ho, main sun raha hoon" (You can express your pain, I am listening). This sounds much more empathetic and deep than just asking them to 'tell' you.
While बयान करना is a powerful verb, it is easy for learners to misapply it in contexts where a simpler word would suffice, or to make specific grammatical errors.
- Overusing it for Simple Facts
- Don't use 'bayan karna' for trivial information. Saying 'Maine apna naam bayan kiya' (I described my name) sounds very strange and overly dramatic. Use 'bataya' for simple facts like names, times, or locations.
- Gender Agreement Errors
- As mentioned before, 'bayan' is masculine. Learners often mistakenly change the 'kiya' to 'ki' if the subject is female. 'She described' is 'Usne bayan kiya,' NOT 'Usne bayan ki.'
"गलत: मैंने उसे अपना पता बयान किया।"
Another mistake is confusing 'bayan karna' with 'bolna' (to speak). 'Bolna' is the physical act of speaking, whereas 'bayan karna' is the conceptual act of explaining or narrating. You cannot 'bayan' a single word; you 'bayan' a situation, a feeling, or a sequence of events.
Finally, be careful with the postposition 'ko'. While 'bayan karna' can take an object directly, learners sometimes forget that abstract concepts being described often need the 'ko' to sound natural in Hindi: 'Apni feelings ko bayan karo' (Express your feelings).
Hindi has a rich vocabulary for 'telling' and 'describing.' Choosing the right one depends on the register (formal vs. informal) and the source of the word (Sanskrit vs. Persian).
- वर्णन करना (Varnan Karna)
- This is the Sanskrit-based synonym. It is highly formal and used in academic writing, textbooks, and classical literature. While 'bayan karna' feels more poetic and emotional, 'varnan karna' feels more clinical and descriptive.
- ज़िक्र करना (Zikr Karna)
- This means 'to mention' or 'to bring up.' It is less detailed than 'bayan karna.' If you just mention someone's name in a conversation, you 'zikr' them; if you tell their whole life story, you 'bayan' it.
- व्याख्या करना (Vyakhya Karna)
- This specifically means 'to explain' or 'to interpret,' often used for complex theories or religious texts. It is more analytical than the narrative 'bayan karna.'
"उसने मीटिंग में इस मुद्दे का ज़िक्र किया, लेकिन विस्तार से बयान नहीं किया।"
In informal settings, you will almost always hear 'बताना' (batana). If you are describing a movie to a friend, you might say 'Maine use movie ki story batayi.' Using 'bayan ki' would make you sound like a professional film critic or a poet.
趣味小知识
In Islamic scholarship, 'Ilm al-Bayan' is a branch of Arabic rhetoric dealing with figurative language and eloquence.
发音指南
- Pronouncing 'bayan' as 'bay-an' (like the English word 'bay'). It should be 'buh-yaan'.
- Over-emphasizing the 'r' in 'karna' like American 'car'. It should be a quick tap of the tongue.
- Treating 'bayan' as two separate words 'ba' and 'yan'. It is one fluid word.
按水平分级的例句
वह कहानी बयान करता है।
He tells/describes a story.
Simple present tense: Subject + Object + Verb.
क्या आप इसे बयान कर सकते हैं?
Can you describe this?
Interrogative sentence using 'sakte hain' (can).
माँ ने अपना दिन बयान किया।
Mother described her day.
Past tense with 'ne' and 'kiya' agreeing with 'bayan'.
मुझे अपना घर बयान करना है।
I have to describe my house.
Infinitive 'karna' used with 'hai' to show obligation.
वह अपना नाम बयान नहीं कर रहा।
He is not stating his name.
Present continuous negative form.
बच्चे ने सच बयान किया।
The child stated the truth.
Simple past tense.
अपना सपना बयान करो।
Describe your dream.
Imperative (command) form.
हम खुशी बयान करते हैं।
We express happiness.
Present simple plural form.
उसने अपने गाँव की सुंदरता बयान की।
He described the beauty of his village.
Past tense; note that 'bayan' is the object here.
क्या तुम उस आदमी को बयान कर सकते हो?
Can you describe that man?
Using 'sakte ho' for ability.
लेखक ने अपनी यात्रा बयान की है।
The author has described his journey.
Present perfect tense.
मैं अपनी भावनाओं को बयान करना चाहता हूँ।
I want to express my feelings.
Using 'chahta hoon' for desire.
उसने पूरी घटना विस्तार से बयान की।
She described the whole incident in detail.
Adverbial phrase 'vistar se' added.
पुलिस के सामने सच बयान करना ज़रूरी है।
It is necessary to state the truth before the police.
Gerundial use of the verb.
उसने अपना दुख शब्दों में बयान किया।
He expressed his grief in words.
Prepositional phrase 'shabdon mein' added.
क्या आप फिल्म की कहानी बयान करेंगे?
Will you describe the movie's story?
Future tense interrogative.
गवाह ने अदालत में अपना बयान बयान किया।
The witness stated his statement in court.
Using 'bayan' as both noun and verb part.
मेरे पास इस खुशी को बयान करने के लिए शब्द नहीं हैं।
I don't have words to describe this happiness.
Infinitive used as an adjective for 'shabd'.
उसने अपनी मुश्किलों को बहुत हिम्मत से बयान किया।
She described her difficulties with great courage.
Manner adverb 'himmat se'.
क्या आप अपनी योजनाओं को संक्षेप में बयान कर सकते हैं?
Can you briefly describe your plans?
Adverb 'sankshep mein' (briefly).
रिपोर्टर ने युद्ध के हालातों को बयान किया।
The reporter described the war conditions.
Formal journalistic usage.
उसने अपनी गलती को सबके सामने बयान किया।
He stated his mistake in front of everyone.
Social context of confession.
इस कविता में प्रकृति का प्रेम बयान किया गया है।
Love for nature has been described in this poem.
Passive voice construction.
वह अपनी सफलता का राज़ बयान नहीं करना चाहता।
He does not want to state the secret of his success.
Desire + negation.
इतिहासकार ने उस युग की चुनौतियों को गहराई से बयान किया है।
The historian has deeply described the challenges of that era.
Academic register using 'gehrai se'.
उसने अपने डर को इस तरह बयान किया कि सब डर गए।
He described his fear in such a way that everyone got scared.
Result clause 'ki sab dar gaye'.
क्या आप इस पेंटिंग के पीछे के विचार को बयान कर सकते हैं?
Can you describe the idea behind this painting?
Discussing abstract concepts.
मंत्री ने नई आर्थिक नीति के लाभों को बयान किया।
The minister described the benefits of the new economic policy.
Official administrative usage.
उसने अपनी आप-बेeti को एक किताब में बयान किया।
She narrated her life story/ordeal in a book.
Use of the term 'aap-beeti' (personal ordeal).
बिना बोले भी उसकी आँखें सब कुछ बयान कर रही थीं।
Even without speaking, her eyes were describing everything.
Metaphorical usage.
हमें इस समस्या के समाधान को स्पष्ट रूप से बयान करना होगा।
We will have to clearly state the solution to this problem.
Future obligation 'hoga'.
उसने अपनी वसीयत में अपनी इच्छाओं को बयान किया है।
He has stated his wishes in his will.
Legal context.
लेखक की शैली जटिल भावनाओं को सरलता से बयान करने की है।
The author's style is to simply describe complex emotions.
Genitive construction 'ki hai'.
उसने अपने राजनीतिक दर्शन को एक लंबे भाषण में बयान किया।
He articulated his political philosophy in a long speech.
Usage in high-level discourse.
यह फिल्म समाज के कड़वे सच को बखूबी बयान करती है।
This film beautifully/effectively describes the bitter truths of society.
Adverb 'bakhubi' (perfectly/effectively).
उसने अपनी बेगुनाही को साबित करने के लिए तथ्यों को बयान किया।
He stated the facts to prove his innocence.
Purpose clause 'ke liye'.
दर्शनशास्त्री ने जीवन के अर्थ को नए तरीके से बयान किया।
The philosopher described the meaning of life in a new way.
Intellectual register.
उसकी चुप्पी उसके विरोध को बयान कर रही थी।
Her silence was articulating her protest.
Abstract subject 'chuppi' (silence).
साहित्यकार ने ग्रामीण जीवन के संघर्षों को मार्मिक ढंग से बयान किया।
The litterateur described the struggles of rural life in a touching manner.
Literary register 'marmik dhang se'.
क्या आप इस ऐतिहासिक घटना के महत्व को बयान कर सकते हैं?
Can you articulate the significance of this historical event?
Discussing historical significance.
उसकी कृतियाँ मानवीय अस्तित्व के अंतर्विरोधों को सूक्ष्मता से बयान करती हैं।
His works subtly describe the contradictions of human existence.
High-level vocabulary like 'antirvirodh' (contradictions).
न्यायाधीश ने अपने फैसले में कानून की बारीकियों को बयान किया।
The judge articulated the nuances of the law in his judgment.
Legal nuances 'bariqiyan'.
कवि ने विरह की अग्नि को जिस प्रकार बयान किया है, वह अद्वितीय है।
The way the poet has described the fire of separation is unique.
Literary 'virah' (separation in love).
उसने अपनी कूटनीतिक जीत को बहुत ही सधे हुए शब्दों में बयान किया।
He described his diplomatic victory in very measured words.
Diplomatic register 'sadhe hue shabd'.
यह शोध पत्र जलवायु परिवर्तन के दूरगामी प्रभावों को बयान करता है।
This research paper describes the far-reaching effects of climate change.
Scientific/Academic register.
उसने अपनी आध्यात्मिकता को किसी धर्म के दायरे में बयान नहीं किया।
He did not articulate his spirituality within the bounds of any religion.
Philosophical nuance.
वक्ता ने वैश्वीकरण के सांस्कृतिक परिणामों को विस्तारपूर्वक बयान किया।
The speaker described the cultural consequences of globalization in detail.
Complex social topics.
क्या शब्द कभी भी संगीत की गहराई को पूरी तरह बयान कर सकते हैं?
Can words ever fully describe the depth of music?
Rhetorical philosophical question.
常见搭配
常用短语
— To change one's statement. Often used in legal or news contexts when a witness contradicts themselves.
गवाह ने अदालत में अपना बयान बदल दिया।
— A written statement. A formal document provided as evidence.
उसने अपना लिखित बयान जमा किया।
— An official statement. Issued by an organization or government.
कंपनी ने एक आधिकारिक बयान जारी किया।
— To give a statement. Similar to 'bayan karna' but focuses on the act of giving.
उसने मीडिया को बयान दिया।
习语与表达
— When someone's eyes reveal their true feelings without words.
उसकी आँखें उसकी उदासी बयान कर रही थीं।
Poetic— When someone's face tells the whole story.
उसका चेहरा ही उसकी सफलता बयान कर रहा था।
Common— When silence itself conveys a powerful message or description.
उस घर की खामोशी एक पुराना डर बयान करती थी।
Literary— To be beyond words; indescribable.
यह मंज़र अल्फाज़ों में बयान नहीं हो सकता।
Poetic/Formal— To be beyond description or explanation.
उसकी बेवकूफी बयान से बाहर है।
Informal— To describe one's current state of being, usually emotional.
आओ बैठो, अपना हाल बयान करो।
Neutral— When a picture or scene tells a story clearly.
यह तस्वीर उस समय की गरीबी बयान करती है।
Descriptive— To narrate a whole saga or a long, interesting incident.
उसने रात भर अपना किस्सा बयान किया।
Informal— To reveal the ground reality or the truth of a situation.
आँकड़े हकीकत बयान करते हैं।
Formal— To narrate a long tale, often one of hardship or romance.
पुराने किले की दीवारें एक दास्ताँ बयान करती हैं।
Literary词族
名词
动词
形容词
相关
记住它
记忆技巧
Think of 'Bayan' as 'Beyond'. When a story goes 'Beyond' just a simple fact and becomes a detailed account, you 'Bayan' it.
视觉联想
Imagine a witness in a witness box (Bayan) holding a microphone to 'Karna' (do/make) a speech.
Word Web
挑战
Try to 'bayan karna' your favorite childhood memory in five detailed sentences using this verb at least twice.
词源
The word 'bayan' originates from Arabic 'bayān' (بيان), which means clarity, eloquence, or declaration. It entered Hindi through Persian influence during the Mughal era.
原始含义： In Arabic, it refers to the art of eloquence and clear expression, often linked to the interpretation of the Quran.
Indo-Aryan (Hindi) with Arabic/Persian roots.文化背景
While neutral, using it for very trivial things (like describing a sandwich) can come off as sarcastic or overly dramatic.
English speakers might use 'describe' or 'state,' but 'bayan karna' often feels more dramatic or formal depending on the context.
Summary
बयान करना (bayan karna) is your go-to verb when you need to provide a detailed, formal, or emotional description of an event or feeling, elevating your Hindi from basic reporting to nuanced narration. Example: 'उसने अपनी दास्ताँ बयान की' (He narrated his tale).
- A formal and descriptive verb meaning 'to describe' or 'to state' in Hindi.
- Commonly used in news, law, and poetry to provide a detailed account.
- A compound verb (Noun + Karna) that follows transitive grammar rules.
- More evocative and serious than the basic verb 'batana' (to tell).
相关内容
更多academic词汇
आचार्य
B1一位受人尊敬的教师、学者或教授，不仅传授知识，还以身作则。
आगे चलकर
B1以后，在将来。表示随着时间的推移而发生的后续情况。
आकलन
B1对某人的性质、质量或能力的评估或估计。
आकलन करना
B1评估，估价。我们需要评估这个决定的长期影响。
आँकना
B1估计或评估某物的价值、数量或程度。1. 他估算了房子的价格。2. 不要低估你的对手。
आंकना
B1评估或估算。 '专家评估了价值' (专家们 ने 价值 को آंका).
आंकड़ा
A2数据，统计，数字。用于表示数字信息。
आँकड़े
B1为分析而收集的数据或统计。 '统计数据 (आँकड़े) 显示了趋势。'
आँकड़ा
B1为参考或分析而收集的事实和统计数据；数据。
आंकड़े
B1为了参考或分析而收集的事实和统计数据。
