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보편적이다

B1 adjective #5,000 最常用 8分钟阅读

보편적이다

前5,000

开始练习例句笔记与提示 보편적이다 30秒了解

解析 보편적이다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, learners are just beginning to grasp basic vocabulary and sentence structures. The concept of 'universal' is likely too abstract. Explanations would focus on very simple, concrete examples of things that are the same for everyone, like 'sun' or 'water', but even then, the word '보편적이다' itself would be far beyond A1 comprehension. We would simply acknowledge that some things are the same for everyone.

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A2 learners can understand simple sentences and common phrases. They might start to encounter '보편적이다' in very simplified contexts, perhaps related to basic human needs or universally recognized things like 'happy' or 'sad'. Explanations would be extremely basic, focusing on the idea that 'everyone feels this way' or 'this is true for all people' using simple vocabulary. For instance, 'Being happy is something everyone wants.'

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At the B1 level, learners can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters. They can use '보편적이다' to talk about general truths, common opinions, or widely accepted practices. Explanations would focus on its meaning as 'universal' or 'common' in a broad sense, applicable to topics like human rights, general knowledge, or common societal behaviors. They can start to differentiate it from words like 'common' (frequent).

B2 learners can understand complex ideas in familiar and unfamiliar contexts. They can use '보편적이다' with more nuance, discussing abstract concepts like universal values, scientific principles, or global issues. Explanations would highlight its use in formal and academic settings, its contrast with specificity, and its role in expressing broad applicability and fundamental truths. They would be able to distinguish it from '일반적이다' and '흔하다' with greater clarity.

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C1 learners have a good command of a wide range of vocabulary and can understand demanding, longer texts. They can use '보편적이다' to express subtle distinctions and to engage in sophisticated discussions about philosophy, ethics, culture, and complex social phenomena. Explanations would delve into its etymological roots, its use in idiomatic expressions, and its role in academic discourse, emphasizing its power to convey universality and fundamental commonality.

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C2 learners have an near-native command of the language. They can use '보편적이다' with complete precision and fluency, understanding its full range of connotations and applications. Explanations at this level would be more about nuanced usage in highly specific contexts, its historical evolution, and its comparison with even more subtle synonyms or related concepts. They would be able to analyze its use in diverse literary and intellectual works.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

보편적이다 30秒了解

Universal, common, general.
Applies to everyone or everywhere.
Not specific to a group or place.
Fundamental truth or widespread characteristic.

Core Meaning: The Korean adjective '보편적이다' (bopyeonjeogida) means 'to be universal', 'to be common', or 'to be general'. It describes something that applies to everyone, exists everywhere, or is widely accepted and understood. Think of it as something that is not specific to a particular group or situation but has a broad reach.
Usage Contexts: You'll encounter '보편적이다' in discussions about:

1. Human Rights and Ethics: Concepts like human rights are considered universal.
2. Science and Nature: Laws of physics or biological principles are often universal.
3. Social Norms and Values: Certain behaviors or beliefs might be described as generally accepted or common in society.
4. Technology and Design: Features or standards that are widely adopted can be called universal.
5. Language and Communication: The need for clear and understandable communication is a universal human desire.

Essentially, whenever you want to express that something is not niche or exclusive but rather inclusive and widespread, '보편적이다' is your word.
Example Sentence: 인권은 모든 사람에게 보편적입니다. (Inkwon-eun modeun saram-ege bopyeonjeogimnida.) - Human rights are universal for all people.

행복을 추구하는 것은 인간에게 보편적인 욕구이다. (Haengbog-eul chuguha-neun geos-eun in-gan-ege bopyeonjeogin yokguida.) - Pursuing happiness is a universal desire for humans.

Nuances: While 'universal' is a direct translation, '보편적이다' can also imply 'commonplace' or 'general' when referring to trends or behaviors. For instance, '스마트폰 사용은 이제 보편적이다' (Smartphones are now commonplace) uses it to mean widely adopted and no longer unusual. The context will always guide the precise shade of meaning.

이것은 보편적인 진리라고 생각합니다. (Igeos-eun bopyeonjeogin jilli-rago saenggakhamnida.) - I believe this is a universal truth.

Basic Structure: The adjective '보편적이다' is typically used in sentences by either:

1. Stating that something *is* universal: [Subject] + 는/은 + 보편적이다.
2. Describing a noun as universal: [Noun] + 은/는 + 보편적인 + [Noun].

Let's explore these with examples. The key is to identify what is being described as universal or common.
Examples: Stating Universality: When you want to make a direct statement about something being universal:

사랑은 인류에게 보편적이다. (Sarang-eun illyu-ege bopyeonjeogida.) - Love is universal to humanity.

Examples: Modifying Nouns: When you want to describe a specific noun as being universal or common:

그것은 보편적인 문제입니다. (Geugeos-eun bopyeonjeogin munje-imnida.) - That is a universal problem.

More Examples: Let's look at varied applications:

건강은 보편적인 가치입니다. (Geongang-eun bopyeonjeogin gachi-imnida.) - Health is a universal value.

그의 주장은 보편적으로 받아들여진다. (Geu-ui ju장-eun bopyeonjeogeuro badadeuryeojinda.) - His claim is universally accepted.

이 규칙은 모든 국가에 보편적으로 적용됩니다. (I gyuchik-eun modeun gukga-e bopyeonjeogeuro jeogyongdoemnida.) - This rule applies universally to all countries.

Academic and Formal Settings: '보편적이다' is frequently used in academic lectures, research papers, and formal debates. It's a key term when discussing theories, principles, and broad concepts in fields like philosophy, sociology, law, and science. For example, a professor might discuss the '보편적인 도덕 원칙' (universal moral principles) or a scientist might refer to '보편적인 물리 법칙' (universal laws of physics). You'll hear it in documentaries discussing global issues or human behavior on a large scale.
News and Current Affairs: In news reporting, '보편적이다' is used to describe trends, rights, or issues that affect many people or are globally recognized. For instance, reports on human rights violations might mention the '보편적인 인권' (universal human rights) that are being disregarded. Discussions about social phenomena, like the widespread adoption of certain technologies or changing societal values, will often employ this term. For example, '스마트폰의 보편적 사용' (the universal use of smartphones) might be a topic in a news segment about modern life.
Speeches and Public Address: Politicians, activists, and public figures use '보편적이다' to emphasize the broad relevance and importance of their message. When advocating for a cause, they might argue that their principles are '보편적인 가치' (universal values) that everyone should uphold. This lends a sense of authority and widespread applicability to their arguments. You might hear it in speeches about equality, democracy, or global cooperation.
Literature and Art Criticism: When analyzing literature or art, critics might discuss themes that resonate universally. A novel might be praised for exploring '보편적인 인간 심리' (universal human psychology), or a film might be lauded for its '보편적인 메시지' (universal message). This indicates that the work transcends cultural or temporal boundaries to speak to fundamental human experiences.

Confusing with Specificity: A common pitfall is using '보편적이다' to describe something that is actually quite specific or limited in scope. For example, saying '이 식당의 메뉴는 보편적이다' (This restaurant's menu is universal) would be incorrect if the menu only serves a particular type of cuisine (e.g., only Korean food). '보편적이다' implies broad applicability, not just popularity within a single group. A better phrasing for a popular menu might be '인기가 많다' (is popular) or '대중적이다' (is common/popular).
Overusing for 'Common' as in 'Frequent': While '보편적이다' can sometimes imply 'common' in the sense of being widespread, it's not a direct substitute for words like '자주' (often) or '흔하다' (commonplace/frequent) when referring to simple frequency. For example, if you mean that seeing birds in the park is frequent, saying '공원에서 새를 보는 것은 보편적이다' is not quite right. '공원에서 새를 자주 볼 수 있다' (You can often see birds in the park) or '공원에서 새를 보는 것은 흔하다' (It is common to see birds in the park) are more appropriate. '보편적이다' suggests a deeper, more fundamental commonality or applicability.
Incorrect Grammatical Forms: Learners might sometimes struggle with the correct grammatical form. For instance, trying to use '보편적' directly as a verb (e.g., '그것이 보편적했어요') is incorrect. It needs to be conjugated as an adjective. The correct forms are '보편적이다' (to be universal), '보편적인' (universal, when modifying a noun), and '보편적으로' (universally, when modifying a verb). Ensure you use these forms correctly depending on the sentence structure.
Applying to Personal Preferences: '보편적이다' should not be used to describe personal tastes or preferences, even if they are popular. For example, saying '저는 보편적인 음악을 좋아해요' (I like universal music) is odd. If you mean you like popular music, you should say '저는 대중적인 음악을 좋아해요' (I like popular music). '보편적이다' refers to qualities that are shared across humanity or are fundamental truths, not just widely enjoyed things.

General / Common: 보편적이다 (bopyeonjeogida): Universal, general, common (implies wide applicability, fundamental truth).
일반적이다 (ilbanjeogida): General, common, normal (often refers to what is typical or standard in a particular context or society).
흔하다 (heunhada): Common, frequent, abundant (emphasizes that something is not rare and is seen or found often).

Comparison:
- '보편적이다' is stronger and implies a fundamental, widespread truth or applicability.
- '일반적이다' is more about what is considered normal or typical within a group or society.
- '흔하다' is about frequency and availability; something is common because you see it a lot.

Example:
- '인간의 존엄성은 보편적이다.' (Human dignity is universal.) - Fundamental truth.
- '한국에서는 신발을 벗고 들어가는 것이 일반적이다.' (It is common/normal to take off shoes before entering in Korea.) - Social norm.
- '이 동네에는 고양이가 흔하다.' (Cats are common/frequent in this neighborhood.) - Frequency.
Widespread / Popular: 보편적이다 (bopyeonjeogida): Universal, general.
대중적이다 (daejungjeogida): Popular, common among the masses, public.
널리 퍼지다 (neolli peojida): To spread widely, to become widespread.

Comparison:
- '보편적이다' focuses on the inherent applicability to everyone or everywhere.
- '대중적이다' focuses on popularity and acceptance by a large number of people, often related to trends, culture, or products.
- '널리 퍼지다' describes the process or state of something spreading extensively.

Example:
- '민주주의는 보편적인 가치이다.' (Democracy is a universal value.) - Fundamental ideal.
- 'K-pop은 전 세계적으로 대중적이다.' (K-pop is popular worldwide.) - Mass appeal.
- '인터넷이 널리 퍼지면서 정보 접근성이 높아졌다.' (As the internet spread widely, access to information increased.) - Diffusion.
Comprehensive / Inclusive: 보편적이다 (bopyeonjeogida): Universal, general.
포괄적이다 (pogwaljeogida): Comprehensive, inclusive, all-encompassing.

Comparison:
- '보편적이다' relates to things that apply to all or are fundamental.
- '포괄적이다' refers to something that covers a wide range of topics, ideas, or groups; it is thorough and includes many elements.

Example:
- '이 보고서는 보편적인 인간의 감정을 다룬다.' (This report deals with universal human emotions.) - Fundamental emotions.
- '새로운 정책은 모든 시민을 포괄적으로 고려해야 한다.' (The new policy must consider all citizens comprehensively/inclusively.) - Covering all groups.

'보편적이다' is about fundamental applicability, while '대중적이다' is about mass appeal.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The concept of 'universal truths' or 'universal principles' has been a subject of philosophical debate for centuries across various cultures. The Korean word '보편적이다' encapsulates this idea of something that is fundamental and applies broadly, reflecting a shared human interest in understanding what is common to all.

发音指南

UK /bɔːpjʌn.dʒʌɡi.da/

US /bɔːpjʌn.dʒʌɡi.da/

The stress in '보편적이다' is relatively even, with a slight emphasis on the first syllable '보' (bo) and the third syllable '적' (jeok). There isn't a strong, single stressed syllable as is common in English.

押韵词

적이다 (jeogida) 편이다 (pyeonida) 성이다 (seongida) 정이다 (jeongida) 병이다 (byeongida) 령이다 (ryeongida) 명이다 (myeongida) 평이다 (pyeongida)

常见错误

Pronouncing '적' (jeok) too strongly or with a clear 'k' sound at the end, when it should be softer and more like 'juh'.
Incorrectly stressing syllables, leading to an unnatural rhythm.
Confusing the vowel sounds, especially in '편' (pyun).

难度评级

阅读 3/5

At B1 level, learners can understand the main points of clear standard input. '보편적이다' appears in contexts discussing general truths, common opinions, and widely accepted practices, making it understandable with some effort. The abstract nature requires careful reading.

写作 3/5

B1 learners can write straightforward connected text on topics which are familiar. Using '보편적이다' correctly in writing requires understanding its nuances and appropriate contexts, which can be challenging for B1 learners aiming for accuracy.

口语 3/5

B1 speakers can produce simple connected text on topics which are familiar. Using '보편적이다' in spontaneous speech requires recall and application of the correct grammatical forms and contextual understanding, which may lead to hesitation or errors.

听力 3/5

B1 listeners can understand the main points of clear standard speech on familiar matters. Hearing '보편적이다' in context is generally manageable, especially when the topic is straightforward, but understanding its precise meaning in complex discussions might require careful listening.

接下来学什么

前置知识

이다 (ida) - to be 하다 (hada) - to do 있다 (itda) - to exist, to have 모두 (modu) - all, everyone 사람 (saram) - person 진리 (jilli) - truth 원칙 (wonchik) - principle

接下来学习

포괄적이다 (pogwaljeogida) - to be comprehensive, inclusive 일반적이다 (ilbanjeogida) - to be general, common 흔하다 (heunhada) - to be common, frequent 본질적이다 (bonjiljeogida) - to be essential, fundamental 근본적이다 (geunbonjeogida) - to be fundamental, basic

高级

존재론 (jonjaeron) - ontology 인식론 (insikron) - epistemology 상대주의 (sangdaejuui) - relativism 절대주의 (jeoldaejuui) - absolutism 인본주의 (inbonjuui) - humanism

需要掌握的语法

Adjective + 이다 (copula) for stating a quality.

이것은 진리이다. (This is the truth.)

Adjective + -ㄴ/은/는 (adjective modifier) for modifying a noun.

보편적인 가치 (universal value)

Adjective + -게 (adverbial form) for modifying a verb.

보편적으로 받아들여지다 (to be universally accepted)

Particles like -은/는 (topic marker) and -이/가 (subject marker) are used with nouns before adjectives.

기후 변화는 보편적인 문제입니다. (Climate change is a universal problem.)

Prepositions like -에 (to, at) or -에게 (to, for person) can be used to specify the scope of universality.

모든 사람에게 보편적이다. (It is universal to all people.)

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按水平分级的例句

This is too advanced for A1.

모든 사람은 행복을 원해요.

Everyone wants happiness.

This sentence expresses a very basic idea of commonality, implying a universal desire.

물은 모두에게 필요해요.

Water is necessary for everyone.

Highlights a basic necessity that applies universally.

웃음은 좋은 거예요.

Laughter is a good thing.

Implies that laughter is generally considered good, a common sentiment.

우리는 모두 가족이 있어요.

We all have families.

Expresses a common human experience.

빨간색은 위험할 수 있어요.

Red can be dangerous.

Refers to a common association or warning.

이것은 모두가 알아요.

Everyone knows this.

Indicates something that is widely known.

슬픔은 누구나 느껴요.

Sadness is felt by anyone.

Expresses a universal human emotion.

하늘은 파래요.

The sky is blue.

A universally observable fact.

정의는 모든 사람에게 보편적이어야 합니다.

Justice must be universal for all people.

Uses '보편적이다' to express a principle of broad applicability.

기본적인 인권은 보편적인 것입니다.

Basic human rights are universal.

Applies '보편적이다' to a fundamental concept.

성공에 대한 생각은 사람마다 조금씩 다를 수 있지만, 노력하는 것은 보편적인 과정입니다.

Ideas about success may vary slightly from person to person, but striving is a universal process.

Differentiates between individual perceptions and a common process.

이러한 문화적 현상은 이제 보편적인 것으로 간주됩니다.

This cultural phenomenon is now considered universal.

Used to describe a widely accepted or observed trend.

모든 언어에는 보편적인 문법 구조가 존재한다고 주장하는 학자들도 있습니다.

Some scholars argue that universal grammatical structures exist in all languages.

Applies '보편적이다' in an academic context.

건강을 유지하는 것은 모든 연령대에 보편적인 관심사입니다.

Maintaining health is a universal concern for all ages.

Describes a concern that affects everyone.

이 기술은 전 세계적으로 보편적으로 사용될 것입니다.

This technology will be used universally around the world.

Predicts widespread adoption.

자연의 법칙은 보편적인 진리입니다.

The laws of nature are universal truths.

Refers to fundamental scientific principles.

그의 예술 작품은 문화적 경계를 초월하여 보편적인 공감을 불러일으킨다.

His artwork transcends cultural boundaries and evokes universal empathy.

Used to describe art's ability to connect with a wide audience on a fundamental level.

정보의 자유로운 접근은 현대 사회에서 보편적인 권리로 여겨진다.

Free access to information is considered a universal right in modern society.

Discusses rights that are considered applicable to everyone globally.

인간의 고통에 대한 공감은 문화와 시대를 초월하는 보편적인 감정이다.

Empathy for human suffering is a universal emotion that transcends culture and time.

Applies '보편적이다' to a deep human emotion.

교육 시스템의 개혁은 보편적인 교육 기회를 제공하는 것을 목표로 해야 한다.

The reform of the education system should aim to provide universal educational opportunities.

Emphasizes the goal of providing equal opportunities to all.

과학적 발견은 종종 보편적인 이해를 바탕으로 구축된다.

Scientific discoveries are often built upon universal understanding.

Highlights the foundational role of shared understanding in science.

그의 주장은 보편적인 윤리적 원칙에 근거하고 있다고 볼 수 있다.

His argument can be seen as being based on universal ethical principles.

Connects an argument to fundamental moral guidelines.

디지털화는 정보 접근성을 보편적으로 만들었지만, 새로운 격차도 야기했다.

Digitalization has made information access universal, but it has also created new gaps.

Discusses the broad impact of technology, acknowledging both positive and negative universal effects.

우리가 공유하는 인간성이 보편적인 연대의 기초를 이룬다.

Our shared humanity forms the basis of universal solidarity.

Connects shared human traits to a sense of global unity.

포스트모더니즘은 보편적인 진리나 거대 서사의 존재를 부정하는 경향이 있다.

Postmodernism tends to deny the existence of universal truths or grand narratives.

Used in a philosophical context to discuss the concept of universal truths.

문화 상대주의는 보편적인 도덕 기준의 적용 가능성에 의문을 제기한다.

Cultural relativism questions the applicability of universal moral standards.

Discusses the philosophical debate surrounding universal ethics.

그의 소설은 인간 존재의 보편적인 고뇌를 섬세하게 그려낸다.

His novel delicately portrays the universal anguish of human existence.

Used to describe profound themes in literature that resonate universally.

생명체의 진화 과정에서 나타나는 보편적인 패턴을 연구하는 것은 중요하다.

It is important to study the universal patterns observed in the evolutionary process of living organisms.

Applies '보편적이다' in a biological and scientific research context.

현대 사회에서 개인의 자율성과 사회적 책임 사이의 보편적인 긴장을 어떻게 해결할 것인가가 중요한 과제이다.

How to resolve the universal tension between individual autonomy and social responsibility in modern society is a significant challenge.

Addresses a complex, ongoing societal dilemma.

인공지능의 발전은 인간의 지능에 대한 보편적인 이해를 재정의할 가능성을 내포하고 있다.

The development of artificial intelligence holds the potential to redefine our universal understanding of human intelligence.

Discusses the potential impact of technology on fundamental concepts.

이론 물리학은 우주를 지배하는 보편적인 법칙을 탐구한다.

Theoretical physics explores the universal laws that govern the cosmos.

Used in a highly specialized scientific field.

언어 습득 모델은 모든 아동에게 적용되는 보편적인 메커니즘을 가정한다.

Language acquisition models assume universal mechanisms applicable to all children.

Refers to a theoretical framework in linguistics.

그의 철학적 논의는 보편적 인간 조건에 대한 심오한 통찰을 제공한다.

His philosophical discourse offers profound insights into the universal human condition.

Discusses deep philosophical concepts with precision.

포스트콜로니얼 이론은 서구 중심의 보편주의적 사고방식에 도전한다.

Postcolonial theory challenges Western-centric universalist modes of thinking.

Analyzes nuanced academic concepts and critiques.

현대 미학은 보편적인 아름다움의 기준이 존재하는지에 대한 논쟁을 지속하고 있다.

Contemporary aesthetics continues the debate on whether universal standards of beauty exist.

Engages with complex theoretical debates in aesthetics.

인류학은 보편적인 문화적 패턴과 지역적 변이를 모두 탐구함으로써 인간 사회를 이해한다.

Anthropology seeks to understand human societies by exploring both universal cultural patterns and regional variations.

Describes the multifaceted approach of a specific academic discipline.

그의 문학 비평은 작품의 보편적인 테마를 분석하는 데 탁월한 능력을 보여준다.

His literary criticism demonstrates an exceptional ability to analyze the universal themes within works.

Highlights sophisticated analytical skills in literary criticism.

우리는 보편적인 고통의 경험을 통해 서로 연결되어 있으며, 이는 연민의 근본적인 원천이다.

We are connected through the universal experience of suffering, which is a fundamental source of compassion.

Expresses a deep understanding of shared human experience and its implications.

이론 물리학의 궁극적인 목표는 모든 물리 현상을 설명하는 단일한 보편적 이론을 구축하는 것이다.

The ultimate goal of theoretical physics is to construct a single, universal theory that explains all physical phenomena.

Discusses the ambitious aims of advanced scientific research.

교육학자들은 보편적인 학습 원리가 모든 문화권의 학습자에게 적용될 수 있는지 탐구한다.

Educational theorists explore whether universal learning principles can be applied to learners across all cultures.

Examines the universality of pedagogical principles.

常见搭配

보편적인 가치

보편적인 원칙

보편적인 문제

보편적인 권리

보편적인 이해

보편적인 진리

보편적인 감정

보편적으로 적용되다

보편적인 사실

보편적인 현상

常用短语

보편적이다

— To be universal, common, or general.

이것은 보편적인 진리입니다. (This is a universal truth.)

보편적인

— Universal, general (adjective modifier).

보편적인 가치를 추구해야 합니다. (We must pursue universal values.)

보편적으로

— Universally, generally (adverb).

이것은 보편적으로 받아들여집니다. (This is universally accepted.)

보편적인 인간

— Universal human (referring to humanity as a whole).

보편적인 인간의 고통을 이해해야 합니다. (We must understand universal human suffering.)

보편적인 법칙

— Universal law (e.g., laws of nature, physics).

물리학의 보편적인 법칙을 연구합니다. (We study the universal laws of physics.)

보편적인 성향

— Universal tendency or disposition.

모든 생명체는 생존하려는 보편적인 성향을 가집니다. (All living things have a universal tendency to survive.)

보편적인 경험

— Universal experience.

사랑과 상실은 보편적인 경험입니다. (Love and loss are universal experiences.)

보편적인 디자인

— Universal design (design that is usable by everyone).

이 제품은 보편적인 디자인을 채택했습니다. (This product adopted a universal design.)

보편적인 도덕

— Universal morality.

보편적인 도덕 기준이 존재할까요? (Do universal moral standards exist?)

보편적인 접근

— Universal access.

모두에게 보편적인 접근을 제공해야 합니다. (We must provide universal access to everyone.)

容易混淆的词

보편적이다 vs 일반적이다

'일반적이다' means 'general' or 'typical' within a specific group or society. '보편적이다' implies a broader, more fundamental applicability to all, everywhere. For example, '일반적인' Korean food is common in Korea, but '보편적인' food might refer to basic sustenance needed by all humans.

보편적이다 vs 흔하다

'흔하다' means 'common' or 'frequent' due to abundance. '보편적이다' means common because it applies to everyone. You might see many birds ('흔하다'), but human rights are '보편적이다' because they apply to all humans.

보편적이다 vs 대중적이다

'대중적이다' means 'popular' among the masses. While something popular might be widespread, it's not necessarily universal. K-pop is '대중적' (popular), but the need for connection might be considered '보편적' (universal).

习语与表达

"보편적인 상식"

— Universal common sense; widely accepted knowledge or understanding that most people possess.

그것은 보편적인 상식입니다. (That is universal common sense.)

Neutral

"보편적인 인간애"

— Universal human love or compassion; a deep feeling of empathy and care for all humanity.

그는 보편적인 인간애를 실천했습니다. (He practiced universal human love.)

Formal/Literary

"보편적인 질서"

— Universal order; a fundamental, overarching order that governs existence or society.

우주는 보편적인 질서에 따라 움직입니다. (The universe moves according to a universal order.)

Philosophical/Formal

"보편적인 흐름"

— Universal trend or flow; a pattern or movement that is widespread and significant.

역사에는 보편적인 흐름이 있습니다. (There are universal flows in history.)

Literary/Analytical

"보편적인 수용"

— Universal acceptance; being accepted by everyone or across all contexts.

이 아이디어는 아직 보편적인 수용을 받지 못했습니다. (This idea has not yet received universal acceptance.)

Formal

"보편적인 법칙의 예외"

— An exception to a universal law; a rare occurrence that deviates from a general rule.

그것은 보편적인 법칙의 예외입니다. (That is an exception to the universal law.)

Formal/Analytical

"보편적인 감정의 공유"

— Sharing of universal emotions; experiencing common feelings that connect people.

슬픔을 통해 보편적인 감정의 공유를 느꼈습니다. (I felt a sharing of universal emotions through sadness.)

Literary/Reflective

"보편적인 도덕적 의무"

— Universal moral obligation; a duty that applies to all individuals.

자신의 행동에 책임을 지는 것은 보편적인 도덕적 의무입니다. (Taking responsibility for one's actions is a universal moral obligation.)

Formal/Ethical

"보편적인 문제 해결 능력"

— Universal problem-solving ability; skills that are applicable and effective in a wide range of situations.

이 교육은 보편적인 문제 해결 능력을 길러줍니다. (This education cultivates universal problem-solving abilities.)

Educational/Analytical

"보편적인 정의"

— Universal justice; a concept of justice that applies equally to everyone.

우리는 보편적인 정의를 실현하기 위해 노력해야 합니다. (We must strive to realize universal justice.)

Formal/Philosophical

容易混淆

보편적이다 vs 일반적이다

Both words can translate to 'common' or 'general' in English.

'보편적이다' refers to something that is universally true, applicable to all people or situations without exception, often implying a fundamental or inherent quality. '일반적이다' refers to what is typical, normal, or common within a particular group, society, or context. For example, 'It is generally accepted that the Earth is round' uses '일반적이다' if the context is a specific group's acceptance, but 'The Earth is round' is a '보편적인 사실' (universal fact).

이것은 일반적인 현상입니다. (This is a general phenomenon - typical within a context.) vs. 이것은 보편적인 진리입니다. (This is a universal truth - true for everyone everywhere.)

보편적이다 vs 흔하다

Both can mean 'common'.

'보편적이다' means applicable to all or everywhere, implying a fundamental truth or characteristic. '흔하다' means frequent or not rare, implying abundance. You might say 'This type of bird is common in this park' (이 새는 이 공원에 흔하다), but 'Love is a universal emotion' (사랑은 보편적인 감정이다). The former is about frequency, the latter about inherent applicability to all humans.

이런 신발은 흔해요. (These shoes are common/frequent.) vs. 인간의 존엄성은 보편적입니다. (Human dignity is universal.)

보편적이다 vs 널리 퍼지다

Both imply widespreadness.

'보편적이다' describes a state of being universal or generally applicable. '널리 퍼지다' describes the process or result of spreading widely. Something can '널리 퍼지다' (spread widely) and thus become '보편적' (universal) or '일반적' (general) in its acceptance or presence. For instance, a new technology might '널리 퍼지다' (spread widely) and become '보편적으로 사용되다' (be used universally).

인터넷이 널리 퍼졌습니다. (The internet has spread widely.) vs. 인터넷은 보편적인 도구가 되었습니다. (The internet has become a universal tool.)

보편적이다 vs 전반적이다

Both can mean 'general' or 'overall'.

'보편적이다' implies universality or applicability to all. '전반적이다' means 'overall', 'general', or 'comprehensive', referring to the whole scope of something rather than its universal applicability. For example, 'The overall situation is good' (전반적인 상황은 좋습니다) refers to the entirety of the situation, whereas 'The need for safety is universal' (안전에 대한 필요성은 보편적입니다) refers to a fundamental human requirement.

전반적인 경향을 보세요. (Look at the overall trend.) vs. 보편적인 인간의 욕구를 이해해야 합니다. (We must understand universal human needs.)

보편적이다 vs 공통적이다

Both relate to shared aspects.

'보편적이다' means applicable to all, a fundamental truth or characteristic. '공통적이다' means shared or common among a specific group or multiple entities. For example, 'We have common hobbies' (우리는 공통적인 취미를 가지고 있습니다) refers to shared interests among a few people. 'The desire for happiness is universal' (행복에 대한 욕구는 보편적이다) applies to all humans.

우리는 공통적인 목표를 가지고 있습니다. (We have common/shared goals.) vs. 모든 문화권에는 보편적인 이야기 구조가 있습니다. (There are universal story structures in all cultures.)

句型

Noun + 은/는 + 보편적이다.

웃음은 보편적이다. (Laughter is universal.)

Noun + 은/는 + 보편적인 + Noun.

보편적인 권리를 이야기해요. (We talk about universal rights.)

Subject + 은/는 + 보편적으로 + Verb.

이것은 보편적으로 받아들여져요. (This is universally accepted.)

Noun + 은/는 + Noun + 에/에게 + 보편적이다.

행복은 인간에게 보편적이다. (Happiness is universal to humans.)

Noun + 은/는 + 보편적인 + Noun + 의 + Noun.

보편적인 인간의 감정 (universal human emotion)

Noun + 은/는 + 보편적인 + Noun + 으로/로서 + Verb.

그는 보편적인 원칙으로서 이를 주장했다. (He argued this as a universal principle.)

Noun + 은/는 + 보편적인 + Noun + 을/를 + Verb.

우리는 보편적인 가치를 추구해야 한다. (We must pursue universal values.)

Noun + 은/는 + 보편적인 + Noun + 의 + Noun + 을/를 + Verb.

이 이론은 보편적인 과학 법칙의 예외를 설명한다. (This theory explains exceptions to universal scientific laws.)

词族

名词

보편 (bopyeon) - universality, generality

보편성 (bopyeonseong) - universality, commonality

보편주의 (bopyeonjuui) - universalism

动词

보편화되다 (bopyeonhwadoeda) - to become universal, to become widespread

形容词

보편적이다 (bopyeonjeogida) - to be universal, general

如何使用

frequency

Medium to High, especially in formal and academic contexts.

常见错误

Using '보편적이다' for something merely popular. → Using '대중적이다' or '인기가 많다'.
'보편적이다' implies applicability to all, not just widespread popularity. For example, 'K-pop is popular worldwide' (K팝은 전 세계적으로 대중적이다), not '보편적이다'.
Confusing '보편적이다' (universal) with '흔하다' (frequent/common). → Use '흔하다' for frequency, '보편적이다' for universal applicability.
Seeing many birds in a park makes them '흔하다'. Human rights apply to all people, making them '보편적이다'.
Incorrect grammatical form: using '보편적' as a verb. → Using '보편적이다' (adjective), '보편적인' (modifying noun), or '보편적으로' (modifying verb).
You cannot say '그것이 보편적했어요'. The correct structure is '그것은 보편적입니다' (It is universal) or '그것은 보편적인 현상입니다' (It is a universal phenomenon).
Applying '보편적이다' to specific, niche topics. → Using '보편적이다' for concepts with broad, fundamental applicability.
Saying 'This specific type of software is universal' is incorrect unless it's designed for all users. A more appropriate word would be '널리 사용된다' (widely used) or '대중적이다' (popular).
Treating '보편적이다' as simply meaning 'normal' or 'typical'. → Understanding that '보편적이다' carries a stronger sense of universality and fundamental truth than just 'normal'.
While some universal truths might become normalized, '보편적이다' emphasizes their intrinsic, widespread nature. '일반적이다' is better for describing typical social behaviors.

小贴士

Adjective Forms

Pay close attention to the grammatical form: '보편적이다' is the adjective itself, '보편적인' modifies a noun, and '보편적으로' modifies a verb. Using the wrong form can change the meaning or make the sentence grammatically incorrect.

Connect to 'Everyone'

When you see or hear '보편적이다', think 'applies to everyone' or 'true for all'. This mental connection will help you recall its core meaning and use it appropriately.

Practice the '적'

The syllable '적' (jeok) can be tricky. Aim for a soft 'juh' sound rather than a hard 'juk'. Practice saying it in phrases like '보편적 가치' to get the rhythm right.

Synonym Spectrum

Understand the subtle differences between '보편적이다', '일반적이다', and '흔하다'. Knowing when to use each will significantly improve your accuracy and fluency.

Global and Abstract

This word is often used for abstract concepts (values, rights, emotions) and global phenomena (laws of nature, societal issues). Try to associate it with these broader themes.

Universal Design

A practical application is 'universal design'. Think of how this concept aims to make things accessible and usable for everyone, perfectly embodying the meaning of '보편적'.

Hanja Roots

Knowing that 普遍 (po-pyeon) means 'wide and everywhere' can help solidify the meaning. Visualize a wide expanse covering everything.

Not Just 'Popular'

Avoid using '보편적이다' simply because something is popular. Popularity is about many people liking something; universality is about it applying to all.

Create Your Own

Try to create your own sentences using '보편적이다', '보편적인', and '보편적으로' based on topics you're interested in, like music, food, or technology.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of '보편' (bopyeon) sounding a bit like 'both P.E. and N' (pronounced 'en'). Imagine a universal gym class ('P.E.') that everyone takes, and then you add 'N' for 'everyone' (like 'and N people'). So, '보편' means everyone is included, like in a universal gym class for 'both P.E. and N' people. And '적이다' makes it an adjective: 'universal'.

视觉联想

Imagine a giant, all-encompassing sphere or a globe. Everything within this sphere is '보편적'. Or, picture a very large, open field where everyone can gather without restrictions – that field represents '보편'.

Word Web

Universal General Common Widespread Standard Typical Global Fundamental Broad Inclusive

挑战

Try to describe three things you see around you right now using '보편적이다' or '보편적인'. For example, 'The need for light is universal' (빛에 대한 필요성은 보편적이다). Or 'The concept of chairs is universal' (의자라는 개념은 보편적이다).

词源

The word '보편적이다' is derived from Chinese characters (Hanja). '보편' (bopyeon) comes from the characters 普遍, where 普 (po) means 'wide', 'broad', or 'universal', and 遍 (pyeon) means 'everywhere' or 'all over'. Together, 普遍 signifies 'universal' or 'general'. The '적' (jeok) is a suffix used to form adjectives, and '이다' (ida) is the copula 'to be'.

原始含义： The original Hanja meaning of 普遍 is 'wide and everywhere', directly translating to 'universal' or 'general'.

Sino-Korean (derived from Hanja)

文化背景

When using '보편적이다', be mindful of cultural relativism. While some concepts are widely considered universal (like basic human needs), others might be debated. Avoid asserting something as universally true if it could be seen as imposing one culture's values on another without acknowledging diverse perspectives.

In English, 'universal' is a direct equivalent, often used in similar contexts like 'universal rights', 'universal principles', or 'universal truths'. The nuance of 'common' or 'general' is also captured by 'universal' when discussing widespread phenomena or widely accepted ideas.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UN): This is a prime example of '보편적인 권리' (universal rights) in action. Scientific Laws: Laws like gravity or thermodynamics are considered '보편적인 법칙' (universal laws). Philosophical Concepts: Ideas like the pursuit of happiness or the existence of emotions like love and sadness are often discussed as '보편적인 감정' (universal emotions) or '보편적인 진리' (universal truths).

在生活中练习

真实语境

Human Rights and Ethics

보편적인 인권 (universal human rights)
보편적인 도덕 (universal morality)
모든 사람에게 적용되는 (applies to everyone)
인간의 존엄성 (human dignity)

Science and Nature

보편적인 법칙 (universal laws)
자연의 섭리 (laws of nature)
모든 곳에 통하는 (applies everywhere)
물리 법칙 (laws of physics)

Society and Culture

보편적인 가치 (universal values)
사회적 규범 (social norms)
일반적인 현상 (general phenomenon)
대중적인 문화 (popular culture)

Philosophy and Abstract Concepts

보편적인 진리 (universal truth)
인간 조건 (human condition)
근본적인 질문 (fundamental questions)
존재의 의미 (meaning of existence)

Technology and Design

보편적인 디자인 (universal design)
모두를 위한 기술 (technology for all)
접근성 (accessibility)
표준화 (standardization)

对话开场白

"What do you think are universal human emotions?"

"Are there any universal moral principles you believe in?"

"How does the idea of 'universal design' impact everyday objects?"

"Can you think of a scientific law that is truly universal?"

"What makes a piece of art 'universally' appealing?"

日记主题

Reflect on a time you felt a universal human connection with someone from a different background.

Write about a value you consider to be universally important and why.

Consider a common problem that affects people worldwide and how it can be addressed.

Explore the concept of 'universal truth' – does it exist, and what might it be?

Describe an experience that made you feel part of something larger and universal.

常见问题

10 个问题

'보편적이다' means universal, applying to everyone or everywhere, often implying a fundamental truth. '일반적이다' means general or typical within a specific context, society, or group. For example, 'Human rights are 보편적이다' (universal), while 'Taking off shoes before entering is 일반적이다' in Korea (general/typical).

Yes, but usually in the context of 'universal design', which aims to make objects usable by everyone regardless of age, ability, etc. For example, 'This product uses universal design.' (이 제품은 보편적인 디자인을 사용합니다.) You wouldn't typically say a specific chair is '보편적이다' unless you mean it represents the universal concept of a chair.

No. '보편적으로' means 'universally' or 'generally', implying widespread applicability or acceptance. '많이' means 'a lot' or 'frequently', referring to quantity or frequency. For instance, 'This medicine is widely used' could be '이 약은 보편적으로 사용됩니다' (used universally/generally) or '이 약은 많이 사용됩니다' (used a lot/frequently).

If you mean common because it's seen or found often, use '흔하다' (heunhada). For example, 'Birds are common in this park.' (이 공원에는 새가 흔하다.) If you mean common as in 'typical' or 'normal' for a group, use '일반적이다' (ilbanjeogida). '보편적이다' is for things that are truly universal.

Absolutely. It's very common to use '보편적이다' for abstract concepts like emotions, values, or human experiences. For example, 'Love is a universal emotion.' (사랑은 보편적인 감정이다.) or 'The desire for happiness is universal.' (행복을 추구하는 것은 보편적이다.)

The noun form is '보편성' (bopyeonseong), meaning 'universality' or 'commonality'. You can also use '보편' (bopyeon) which means universality or generality, often in compound words.

It's generally considered neutral to formal. You'll hear it frequently in academic settings, news reports, and formal discussions. While it can be used in everyday conversation, it's less common in very casual, slang-filled speech compared to words like '흔하다'.

You would translate it as '보편적인 진리' (bopyeonjeogin jilli). The adjective form '보편적인' is used here to modify the noun '진리' (truth).

The main opposites are '특수하다' (teuksuhada - special, specific), '개별적이다' (gaebyeoljeogida - individual, specific), and '국지적이다' (gukgijeogida - local, regional).

No, not necessarily. It simply means something applies universally or is common. For example, 'Suffering can be a universal human experience' (고통은 보편적인 인간 경험일 수 있다) is not saying suffering is good, but that it's a common aspect of human life.

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