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A2 noun 11分钟阅读

parça

开始练习例句笔记与提示 parça 30秒了解

解析 parça in your Level:

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

parça 30秒了解

Piece, part, segment
Component of a whole
Tangible or abstract
Very common word

The Turkish word "parça" is a versatile noun that translates directly to "piece" or "part" in English. It is a fundamental word used in a wide variety of contexts, from describing physical objects to abstract concepts. When you encounter "parça," think of a segment, a portion, or a constituent element of a larger whole. It's a common word that you'll hear and see frequently as you learn Turkish.

People use "parça" to refer to a segment of something tangible, like a slice of cake, a fragment of a broken vase, or a component of a machine. For instance, if a puzzle is in many "parçalar" (pieces), you're talking about its individual components. Similarly, when discussing a book, a song, or a film, a "parça" can refer to a chapter, a track, or a scene, respectively. It signifies a distinct section within a larger work.

Beyond physical objects and creative works, "parça" is also used to denote parts of time or abstract entities. You might hear about a "parça zamanlı" (part-time) job, indicating employment that doesn't involve a full workday. In a more abstract sense, "parça" can refer to a piece of information, a fragment of a memory, or a segment of a discussion. It emphasizes that what is being referred to is not the entirety but a specific portion of it.

The word is extremely common in everyday Turkish conversation. Whether you're talking about repairing a car, discussing a musical performance, or simply sharing a meal, "parça" is likely to come up. Its broad applicability makes it an essential word for any learner to master. Understanding "parça" will significantly enhance your comprehension of spoken and written Turkish.

Consider the following examples to grasp its usage: if someone says "Kitabın son parçasını okudum," they mean "I read the last part of the book." If a mechanic says "Arabanın bu parçası kırılmış," it translates to "This part of the car is broken." In music, "Bu şarkının en sevdiğim parçası bu," means "This is my favorite part of this song." The versatility of "parça" allows it to adapt to numerous situations, making it a cornerstone of the Turkish lexicon.

Tangible Objects: Used for physical segments of items like food, broken objects, or components.
Abstract Concepts: Applies to sections of time, information, music, literature, or discussions.
Components/Ingredients: Refers to individual elements that make up a whole.

Bir parça ekmek aldım.

Mastering "parça" involves understanding its grammatical behavior and its common collocations. As a noun, it can be the subject or object of a sentence, and it takes suffixes to indicate possession, case, and plurality. The plural form is "parçalar."

When "parça" refers to a specific, identifiable piece, it often takes the accusative case suffix "-yı/-i/-u/-ü" (depending on vowel harmony) if it's the direct object. For example, "Bu parçayı beğendim" (I liked this piece). If it's a general or indefinite piece, it might not take the accusative suffix. "Bir parça çikolata istiyorum" (I want a piece of chocolate).

Possessive suffixes are also crucial. "Kitabımın bu parçası çok ilginç" (This part of my book is very interesting). Here, "parçası" means "its part."

"Parça" frequently combines with other words to form common phrases. "Bir parça" is a very common way to say "a piece" or "a part." You'll also hear "birkaç parça" (a few pieces) and "bütün parça" (the whole piece, though less common than referring to the whole thing directly).

Adjectives modifying "parça" usually precede it: "büyük parça" (big piece), "küçük parça" (small piece), "önemli parça" (important part).

Verbs often interact with "parça" in specific ways. For instance, "parçalamak" is the verb "to break into pieces," and "parçalanmak" means "to break into pieces" (intransitive).

Here are some sentence structures and patterns to practice:

Noun + -yı/-i/-u/-ü + Beğenmek/Görmek/Almak: Bu parçayı çok sevdim. (I liked this piece very much.)
Bir + Noun + İstemek/Satın Almak: Bir parça pasta alabilir miyim? (Can I have a piece of cake?)
Possessive Noun + Noun + İlginç/Önemli: Mektubun son parçası kaybolmuş. (The last part of the letter is lost.)
Adjective + Noun: Araba için yeni bir parça bulmamız gerekiyor. (We need to find a new part for the car.)

Bu parçayı tamir edebilir misin?

You will hear "parça" in countless everyday situations in Turkey. Its ubiquity makes it a word that is constantly present in the linguistic landscape.

In Homes: When people are cooking, they might refer to a "parça" of cheese or a "parça" of bread. If something breaks, like a ceramic pot or a piece of furniture, the conversation will inevitably involve "parça" – "parçası kırıldı" (its part broke). When assembling furniture or doing DIY projects, people talk about needing specific "parçalar" (parts).

In Shops: At the bakery, you'll hear "bir parça börek" (a piece of pastry). In a tailor's shop, "kumaşın bu parçası" (this piece of fabric). In electronics or hardware stores, customers often ask for "yedek parça" (spare parts) or a "parça" for a specific appliance.

In Conversations about Media and Arts: When discussing music, a "parça" can mean a song or a track. "En sevdiğim parça hangisi?" (Which is my favorite track?). In literature, it refers to a chapter or a section. For films, it could be a scene. "Filmin bu parçası çok duygusaldı." (This part of the movie was very emotional).

In Transportation: Mechanics routinely use "parça" when discussing car repairs. "Motorun bu parçası değişmeli" (This part of the engine needs to be changed). People buying car parts will ask for a specific "parça." Even when discussing public transport, one might refer to a "parça" of the journey.

In Work and Business: The term "parça zamanlı" (part-time) is very common in job advertisements and discussions about employment. Project managers might talk about different "parçalar" of a project.

In Abstract Discussions: Even in more abstract conversations, "parça" appears. For example, "Bu konunun önemli bir parçası." (This is an important part of this topic). Or when recalling memories, "O günle ilgili küçük bir parça hatırlıyorum." (I remember a small piece related to that day).

The word "parça" is also used in the context of broken things, like "parçalanmak" (to break into pieces). For example, "Bardak parçalandı." (The glass broke into pieces).

Daily Chores: Referring to portions of food, materials for repairs, or components of appliances.
Commuting and Travel: Discussing segments of a journey or parts needed for vehicles.
Entertainment and Media: Talking about songs, chapters, scenes, or sections of a work.
Work and Employment: Referring to part-time work or components of a project.

Bu parçayı nereden aldın?

While "parça" is a straightforward word, learners might make a few common errors, primarily related to its usage with the accusative case, plurals, and distinguishing it from similar concepts.

1. Forgetting the Accusative Case: When "parça" is the direct object of a verb and refers to a specific, identified piece, it requires the accusative suffix (-yı, -i, -u, -ü). Beginners might omit this, leading to grammatically incorrect sentences. For example, saying "Bu parçayı beğendim" is correct, but saying just "Bu parça beğendim" is not. The latter would be acceptable if "parça" was the subject or part of a prepositional phrase.

2. Incorrect Pluralization: While "parçalar" is the standard plural, learners might sometimes use "parça" when multiple pieces are clearly implied, or they might incorrectly add suffixes to the plural form. For instance, "Bu parçaları" is correct if referring to those specific parts as a direct object, but simply "Bu parçalar" is used when they are the subject or not the direct object.

3. Confusing "Parça" with "Bölüm" or "Kısım": While all three can mean "part" or "section," they have nuances. "Bölüm" is often used for chapters in books, episodes of a series, or academic departments. "Kısım" can refer to a section of a larger area or a department within an organization. "Parça" is more general and often implies a physical segment or a distinct component. For example, you would say "kitabın parçası" (a piece of the book) if it's a torn page, but "kitabın bölümü" for a chapter. Using "parça" where "bölüm" is more appropriate can sound slightly off, and vice-versa.

4. Overusing "Parça" for Abstract Concepts: While "parça" can be used abstractly, sometimes a more specific word fits better. For instance, for a "piece of advice," "tavsiye" is the word, not "tavsiye parçası." Similarly, for "a piece of news," "haber" is used.

5. Misinterpreting "Parçalamak": The verb "parçalamak" means to break something into pieces. Learners might confuse this with simply "kırmak" (to break). While related, "parçalamak" emphasizes the resulting fragmentation. If a vase shatters, it "parçalandı." If a plate cracks, it "kırıldı."

Accusative Case Omission: Forgetting to add -yı/-i/-u/-ü when "parça" is a specific direct object.
Confusing with "Bölüm" and "Kısım": Using "parça" for chapters or specific sections where "bölüm" or "kısım" are more conventional.
Incorrect Verb Usage: Confusing "parçalamak" (to break into pieces) with simpler verbs like "kırmak" (to break).

Arabanın bu parçayı değiştirdim.

While "parça" is a common and versatile word, Turkish offers other terms that can be used in similar contexts, each with its own nuances. Understanding these distinctions will help you choose the most precise word.

Parça (Piece, Part, Fragment): This is the most general term. It can refer to a physical segment of an object (a piece of cake), a component of a machine (a car part), a fragment of something broken (a piece of glass), or a section of a larger work (a song, a chapter). It's highly versatile.
Bölüm (Chapter, Section, Episode, Department): This word is typically used for divisions within a book (chapter), a TV series (episode), a larger text (section), or an organization (department). While it means "part," it's more structured and often implies a division for organizational or narrative purposes. For example, "Kitabın üçüncü bölümü" (the third chapter of the book).
Kısım (Part, Section, Portion, Area): "Kısım" is often used for a section of a larger geographical area, a part of a building, or a department within a company. It can also refer to a portion of something abstract or a segment of a task. It's often interchangeable with "bölüm" in some contexts, but can also refer to a more spatial or organizational division. For instance, "Şehrin bu kısımı çok sakin." (This part of the city is very quiet).
Dilim (Slice): This specifically refers to a slice of something, usually food, that is cut in a particular way. You would use "dilim" for a slice of bread, cake, or cheese. "Bir dilim pasta" (a slice of cake) is more specific than "bir parça pasta," although "parça" is also understood.
Kesit (Cross-section, Segment): This term is more technical and is often used in scientific or engineering contexts to refer to a cross-section or a specific segment of data or analysis. It implies a cut through something to reveal its internal structure or a specific view.

When to Choose Which:

- Use "parça" for general pieces, fragments, or components.
- Use "bölüm" for chapters, episodes, or structured sections.
- Use "kısım" for parts of a city, building, or organization, or for a portion of a task.
- Use "dilim" specifically for slices of food.
- Use "kesit" for technical cross-sections or analytical segments.

Parça vs. Bölüm: "Parça" is for a physical segment or component, while "bölüm" is for a structured division like a chapter.
Parça vs. Kısım: "Parça" is more general, whereas "kısım" often refers to a section of an area or an organizational unit.
Parça vs. Dilim: "Parça" can be any piece, but "dilim" is specifically a slice, usually of food.

Bu parçayı kestim.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The word "parça" is believed to have originated from Old Turkic, possibly related to words meaning 'to break' or 'to divide'. Its widespread use across various Turkic languages suggests a very ancient origin.

发音指南

UK /ˈpɑːrtʃɑ/

US /ˈpɑːrtʃɑ/

The stress is on the first syllable: PAR-cha.

押韵词

baca koca hoca soka boca oca oca oca

常见错误

Pronouncing the 'ç' as 'ch' in 'church' instead of the Turkish 'ç' sound (like 'ch' in 'chair' but softer).
Incorrectly stressing the second syllable.
Using an English 'r' sound instead of the Turkish rolled 'r' (if applicable to the speaker's native language).

难度评级

阅读 2/5

The word "parça" is very common and its basic meaning is easily understood. However, its nuanced usage in various contexts and with different suffixes can pose a slight challenge for intermediate learners.

写作 2/5

口语 2/5

听力 2/5

接下来学什么

前置知识

ekmek kedi ev araba kitap

接下来学习

bölüm kısım dilim parçalamak yedek parça

高级

bütün komponent segment fragman dilimleme

需要掌握的语法

Accusative Case

Bu parçayı beğendim. (I liked this piece.)

Possessive Suffixes

Arabanın bu parçası hasarlı. (This part of the car is damaged.)

Pluralization

Masada birçok parça vardı. (There were many pieces on the table.)

Compound Verbs

Kıyafetleri parçalamak istemiyorum. (I don't want to tear the clothes.)

Adjective-Noun Order

Yeni bir parça buldum. (I found a new part.)

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按水平分级的例句

Bir parça ekmek ver.

Give a piece of bread.

'Ver' is an imperative verb. 'Bir parça' means 'a piece of'.

Bu benim parçam.

This is my piece.

'Benim' is the possessive pronoun 'my'.

Küçük bir parça.

A small piece.

'Küçük' is an adjective meaning 'small'.

Büyük bir parça.

A big piece.

'Büyük' is an adjective meaning 'big'.

Arabanın bir parçası.

A part of the car.

'Arabanın' is genitive case, meaning 'of the car'.

Bu parça kırıldı.

This piece broke.

'Kırıldı' is the past tense of 'kırmak' (to break).

Bir parça çikolata.

A piece of chocolate.

Common phrase for food items.

Bu parça çok güzel.

This piece is very beautiful.

'Çok güzel' means 'very beautiful'.

Bu kitabın en sevdiğim parçası son bölümü.

My favorite part of this book is the last chapter.

'En sevdiğim' means 'my most favorite'.

Arabanın bu parçası çalışmıyor.

This part of the car is not working.

'Çalışmıyor' means 'is not working'.

Bana bir parça kek verir misin?

Can you give me a piece of cake?

'Verir misin?' is a polite request.

Müziğin bu parçası çok hareketli.

This part of the music is very lively.

'Hareketli' means 'lively' or 'upbeat'.

Yapbozun eksik parçası nerede?

Where is the missing piece of the puzzle?

'Eksik' means 'missing'.

Bu resmin bir parçası eskimiş.

A part of this painting is old/aged.

'Eskimiş' means 'aged' or 'old'.

Projenin bu parçası tamamlandı.

This part of the project is completed.

'Tamamlandı' means 'was completed'.

Bir parça kağıt alabilir miyim?

Can I have a piece of paper?

'Alabilir miyim?' is a polite request to take/have.

Sanatçının son eseri, çeşitli duygusal parçalardan oluşuyordu.

The artist's latest work consisted of various emotional pieces.

'Eser' means 'work of art'. 'Oluşuyordu' means 'consisted of'.

Teknolojinin gelişimi, toplumun her parçasını etkiledi.

The development of technology has affected every part of society.

'Gelişimi' means 'development'. 'Etkiledi' means 'affected'.

Bu makalenin en önemli parçası, yazarın vardığı sonuçlardır.

The most important part of this article is the conclusions the author reached.

'Makale' means 'article'. 'Vardığı sonuçlar' means 'conclusions reached'.

Tarihi binanın yıkılan parçası restore ediliyor.

The demolished part of the historic building is being restored.

'Yıkılan' means 'demolished'. 'Restore ediliyor' means 'is being restored'.

Bu müzik parçasının melodisi ruhumu okşuyor.

The melody of this music piece touches my soul.

'Melodi' means 'melody'. 'Ruhumu okşuyor' is an idiom meaning 'touches my soul'.

Şirketin organizasyonunda yeni bir parça oluşturuldu.

A new part/department was created in the company's organization.

'Organizasyon' means 'organization'. 'Oluşturuldu' means 'was created'.

Her birey, toplumun bir parçası olarak sorumluluk taşır.

Every individual carries responsibility as a part of society.

'Birey' means 'individual'. 'Sorumluluk taşır' means 'carries responsibility'.

Bu karmaşık mekanizmanın her parçası özenle yerleştirilmişti.

Every part of this complex mechanism was carefully placed.

'Karmaşık mekanizma' means 'complex mechanism'. 'Özenle' means 'carefully'.

Bu edebi eserin her bir parçası, yazarın derin düşüncelerini yansıtıyor.

Each part of this literary work reflects the author's deep thoughts.

'Edebi eser' means 'literary work'. 'Yansıtıyor' means 'reflects'.

Projenin beklenmedik bir parçası, bütçede önemli bir artışa neden oldu.

An unexpected part of the project caused a significant increase in the budget.

'Beklenmedik' means 'unexpected'. 'Bütçe' means 'budget'.

Bilim insanları, evrenin anlaşılmayan parçalarını çözmeye çalışıyor.

Scientists are trying to solve the incomprehensible parts of the universe.

'Anlaşılmayan' means 'incomprehensible'. 'Çözmeye çalışıyor' means 'are trying to solve'.

Tarihi bir olayın farklı parçalarını analiz etmek, tam bir resim sunar.

Analyzing the different parts of a historical event presents a complete picture.

'Tarihi olay' means 'historical event'. 'Analiz etmek' means 'to analyze'.

Bu parçanın anlaşılması için bağlamı bilmek önemlidir.

To understand this piece, it is important to know the context.

'Bağlam' means 'context'. 'Anlaşılması için' means 'in order to understand'.

Şirketin yeniden yapılanması, bazı birimlerin birleştirilmesini gerektirdi, bu da yeni bir parça oluşturdu.

The company's restructuring required the merging of some units, which created a new part.

'Yeniden yapılanma' means 'restructuring'. 'Birleştirilmesi' means 'merging'.

Bu teknik belgenin her parçası, işleyişi anlamak için kritik öneme sahiptir.

Every part of this technical document is critically important for understanding the operation.

'Teknik belge' means 'technical document'. 'İşleyişi' means 'operation'.

Her insanın hayat yolculuğunda farklı parçalar bir araya gelir.

Different parts come together in every person's life journey.

'Hayat yolculuğu' means 'life journey'.

Bu felsefi metnin her bir parçası, derin bir anlam katmanı barındırıyordu.

Each part of this philosophical text contained a deep layer of meaning.

'Felsefi metin' means 'philosophical text'. 'Barındırıyordu' means 'contained'.

Kültürel mirasın korunması, toplumun bütün parçalarını ilgilendiren bir görevdir.

The preservation of cultural heritage is a task that concerns all parts of society.

'Kültürel miras' means 'cultural heritage'. 'İlgilendiren' means 'concerning'.

Bu karmaşık problemin çözümünde, her bir küçük parçanın rolü büyüktür.

In solving this complex problem, the role of each small piece is significant.

'Karmaşık problem' means 'complex problem'. 'Büyüktür' means 'is big/significant'.

Sanat eserindeki bu parça, sanatçının iç dünyasının bir yansımasıdır.

This part of the artwork is a reflection of the artist's inner world.

'İç dünya' means 'inner world'. 'Yansımasıdır' means 'is a reflection'.

Tarihi kayıtlardaki eksik parçalar, gelecekteki araştırmalar için birer ipucudur.

The missing pieces in the historical records are clues for future research.

'Tarihi kayıtlar' means 'historical records'. 'İpuçlarıdır' means 'are clues'.

Bu teorik modelin her bir parçası, diğerleriyle sıkı bir ilişki içindedir.

Each part of this theoretical model is in close relation with the others.

'Teorik model' means 'theoretical model'. 'Sıkı bir ilişki içindedir' means 'is in close relation'.

Politik sistemin her bir parçası, genel işleyişi etkileyebilir.

Each part of the political system can affect the overall functioning.

'Politik sistem' means 'political system'. 'İşleyişi' means 'functioning'.

Bu müzikal kompozisyonun her bir parçası, dinleyicide farklı bir duygu uyandırıyor.

Each part of this musical composition evokes a different emotion in the listener.

'Müzikal kompozisyon' means 'musical composition'. 'Duygu uyandırıyor' means 'evokes emotion'.

Bu metafiziksel argümanın her bir parçası, mantıksal bir bütünlük içinde ele alınmalıdır.

Each part of this metaphysical argument must be considered within a logical whole.

'Metafiziksel argüman' means 'metaphysical argument'. 'Mantıksal bütünlük' means 'logical whole'.

Kuantum fiziğinin anlaşılması, evrenin temel parçalarını kavramayı gerektirir.

Understanding quantum physics requires grasping the fundamental pieces of the universe.

'Kuantum fiziği' means 'quantum physics'. 'Temel parçalar' means 'fundamental pieces'.

Bu yaratıcı sürecin her bir parçası, sanatçının vizyonunu şekillendiren unsurlardır.

Each part of this creative process is an element that shapes the artist's vision.

'Yaratıcı süreç' means 'creative process'. 'Vizyonunu şekillendiren unsurlar' means 'elements that shape the vision'.

Tarihsel anlatıdaki bu parça, dönemin karmaşık sosyal dinamiklerini aydınlatıyor.

This part of the historical narrative illuminates the complex social dynamics of the era.

'Tarihsel anlatı' means 'historical narrative'. 'Sosyal dinamikler' means 'social dynamics'.

Bu felsefi metindeki "parça" kelimesinin kullanımı, metnin genel temasıyla yakından ilişkilidir.

The use of the word "parça" in this philosophical text is closely related to the overall theme of the text.

'Felsefi metin' means 'philosophical text'. 'Genel tema' means 'overall theme'.

Bu post-yapısalcı analiz, metnin parçalarını birbirinden ayırarak anlamı yeniden inşa eder.

This post-structuralist analysis reconstructs meaning by separating the pieces of the text.

'Post-yapısalcı analiz' means 'post-structuralist analysis'. 'Anlamı yeniden inşa eder' means 'reconstructs meaning'.

Herhangi bir ekosistemin sağlığı, tüm parçalarının dengeli işleyişine bağlıdır.

The health of any ecosystem depends on the balanced functioning of all its parts.

'Ekosistem' means 'ecosystem'. 'Dengeli işleyişi' means 'balanced functioning'.

Bu karmaşık yapay zeka algoritmasının her bir parçası, verimliliği artırmak için optimize edilmiştir.

Each part of this complex artificial intelligence algorithm has been optimized to increase efficiency.

'Yapay zeka algoritması' means 'artificial intelligence algorithm'. 'Verimliliği artırmak' means 'to increase efficiency'.

常见搭配

bir parça

küçük bir parça

büyük bir parça

yedek parça

önemli parça

yeni parça

kırık parça

müzik parçası

parça zamanlı

parça halinde

常用短语

bir parça

— A piece or a part.

Bir parça kek aldım. (I bought a piece of cake.)

birkaç parça

— A few pieces.

Bavulumda birkaç parça kıyafet var. (There are a few pieces of clothing in my suitcase.)

parça halinde

— In pieces.

Kırılan vazo parça halinde duruyordu. (The broken vase was lying in pieces.)

parça zamanlı

— Part-time.

Öğrenciyim ve parça zamanlı çalışıyorum. (I am a student and I work part-time.)

parça pinçik

— Torn to pieces, completely destroyed.

Kıyafetlerim makinede parça pinçik oldu. (My clothes got torn to pieces in the machine.)

parça parça

— Piece by piece, bit by bit.

Projeyi parça parça tamamladık. (We completed the project piece by piece.)

parça tesirli

— Partially effective, having a partial effect.

Bu ilaç sadece parça tesirli oldu. (This medicine was only partially effective.)

parça bütün ilişkisi

— Part-whole relationship.

Bu kavram, parça bütün ilişkisini açıklar. (This concept explains the part-whole relationship.)

parça değişimi

— Part replacement.

Arabanın parça değişimi pahalıydı. (The car's part replacement was expensive.)

parçayı ayırmak

— To separate a piece.

Resimden bu parçayı ayırmak zorundayım. (I have to separate this piece from the picture.)

容易混淆的词

parça vs bölüm

'Bölüm' is often used for chapters in books, episodes of TV shows, or academic sections, whereas 'parça' is more general and can refer to physical pieces or fragments.

parça vs kısım

'Kısım' usually refers to a section of a larger area (like a city or building) or a division within an organization. 'Parça' is more about individual components.

parça vs dilim

'Dilim' specifically means a slice, typically of food, while 'parça' can be any piece.

习语与表达

"bir parça canı yanmak"

— To feel a slight pain or hurt.

Düşünce bana bir parça canımı yaktı. (The thought hurt me a little.)

Informal

"parça parça olmak"

— To be broken into many pieces; to fall apart emotionally.

Duyduklarım karşısında yüreğim parça parça oldu. (My heart broke into pieces upon hearing what I heard.)

Figurative

"bir parça olmak"

— To be a part of something; to be integrated.

Artık bu ekibin bir parçasıyım. (I am now a part of this team.)

Figurative

"parça tesirli olmak"

— To have a limited or partial effect.

Yeni politika sadece parça tesirli oldu. (The new policy was only partially effective.)

Formal

"bir parça akıllı olmak"

— To be a little bit smart or sensible.

Keşke biraz daha parça akıllı olsaydım. (I wish I had been a little bit smarter.)

Informal

"parça pinçik etmek"

— To tear something to pieces; to utterly destroy.

Öfkesini kontrol edemeyip mektubu parça pinçik etti. (Unable to control his anger, he tore the letter to pieces.)

Figurative

"bir parça canı gitmek"

— To feel a deep sense of loss or pain.

Sevdiği birini kaybedince bir parça canı gitti. (When he lost someone he loved, he felt a deep sense of loss.)

Figurative

"parça bütün düşüncesi"

— The concept of part-whole.

Bu felsefi akım, parça bütün düşüncesini sorgular. (This philosophical current questions the concept of part-whole.)

Academic

"bir parça olmak (bir şeyin)"

— To be a part of something (abstract).

O, bu başarının önemli bir parçasıydı. (He was an important part of this success.)

Figurative

"parça tesiri"

— Partial effect.

İlacın parça tesiri, durumu iyileştirmedi. (The partial effect of the medicine did not improve the situation.)

Formal

容易混淆

parça vs bölüm

Both mean 'part' or 'section'.

'Bölüm' is used for structured divisions like chapters, episodes, or departments. 'Parça' is more general, referring to physical segments, fragments, or components.

Kitabın üçüncü bölümü okunmalı. (The third chapter of the book should be read.) vs. Vazodan düşen parça toplandı. (The piece that fell from the vase was collected.)

parça vs kısım

Both can refer to a part or section.

'Kısım' often denotes a part of a larger area (e.g., a city district) or an organizational unit. 'Parça' is more about individual components or fragments.

Şehrin bu kısmı sakin. (This part of the city is quiet.) vs. Araba için yeni bir parça lazım. (A new part is needed for the car.)

parça vs dilim

Both refer to a portion.

'Dilim' specifically means a slice, usually of food like bread, cake, or cheese. 'Parça' is a more general term for any piece.

Bir dilim kek alabilir miyim? (Can I have a slice of cake?) vs. Bu resmin bir parçası çok renkli. (This part of the picture is very colorful.)

parça vs kesit

Both can refer to a segment or part.

'Kesit' is more technical, meaning a cross-section or a segment for analysis, often in scientific or engineering contexts. 'Parça' is more general.

Malzemenin kesiti incelendi. (The cross-section of the material was examined.) vs. Elbisenin bu parçası yırtılmış. (This part of the dress is torn.)

parça vs bütün

One is a part, the other is the whole.

'Bütün' means 'whole' or 'entire', representing the complete entity, whereas 'parça' is a constituent part of that whole.

Tüm parçaları birleştirince bütün ortaya çıktı. (When all the parts were put together, the whole emerged.)

句型

Bir + parça + Noun

Bir parça ekmek al. (Get a piece of bread.)

Noun + -(y)la + parça

Bu araba parçalardan yapılmış. (This car is made of pieces.)

Adjective + parça

Küçük bir parça buldum. (I found a small piece.)

Noun + -nın/-nin + parça

Kitabın parçası yırtılmıştı. (The part of the book was torn.)

Bu/Şu + parça + -yı/-i/-u/-ü + Verb

Bu parçayı dinlemelisin. (You should listen to this piece.)

Parça + Verb (e.g., parçalanmak)

Oyuncak parçalandı. (The toy broke into pieces.)

Noun + -nın/-nin + parça + -sı/-si/-su/-sü + Adjective

Müziğin bu parçası çok duygusaldı. (This part of the music was very emotional.)

Parça + -lar + -ı/-i/-u/-ü + Verb

Tüm parçaları birleştirdi. (He put all the pieces together.)

词族

名词

parçacık

parçalama

parçalanma

parçacılık

动词

parçalamak

parçalanmak

形容词

parçalı

parçalanmış

如何使用

frequency

Very High

常见错误

Forgetting the accusative case → Bu parçayı sevdim.
When 'parça' is a specific direct object, it needs the accusative suffix (-yı, -i, -u, -ü). Saying 'Bu parça sevdim' is incorrect.
Using 'parça' instead of 'bölüm' for chapters → Kitabın son bölümünü okudum.
While 'parça' can mean section, 'bölüm' is standard for chapters in books or episodes in series. Using 'parça' might sound less precise or even incorrect in these contexts.
Confusing 'parçalamak' with 'kırmak' → Çok sert vurunca oyuncak parçalandı.
"Kırmak" means to break, while "parçalamak" specifically implies breaking into multiple pieces or fragments. If a vase shatters, it 'parçalandı'; if it just cracks, it 'kırıldı'.
Omitting plural suffix for multiple pieces → Masada birçok parça vardı.
When referring to more than one piece, the plural suffix '-lar' must be added: 'parçalar'. Saying 'Masada birçok parça vardı' is less natural for multiple items.
Using 'parça' for slices of food → Bana bir dilim pasta ver.
While 'parça' can be understood, 'dilim' is the specific word for a slice of food like cake, bread, or cheese. Using 'dilim' is more accurate and common in this context.

小贴士

Accusative Case

Remember to add the accusative suffix (-yı, -i, -u, -ü) to "parça" when it is the direct object of a verb and refers to a specific piece. For example, "Bu parçayı beğendim." (I liked this piece.)

Turkish 'Ç' Sound

The Turkish 'ç' sound is like the 'ch' in 'chair' or 'church'. Practice saying "parça" to get the sound right, with the stress on the first syllable.

Abstract vs. Concrete

"Parça" can refer to both concrete things (a piece of cake) and abstract concepts (a piece of music, a part of a plan). Be aware of which meaning is intended in a sentence.

Visual Association

Imagine a jigsaw puzzle. Each interlocking piece is a "parça." This visual can help you remember the meaning of a distinct segment.

Plural Forms

The plural of "parça" is "parçalar." Use it when referring to multiple pieces, like "arabanın parçaları" (the car's parts).

Synonym Nuances

Understand the subtle differences between "parça," "bölüm," and "kısım" to choose the most accurate word for your meaning. Context will guide you.

"Parça Zamanlı"

This is a very common phrase meaning "part-time." It's essential for understanding job advertisements and discussions about work schedules.

Verb Forms

The verbs "parçalamak" (to break into pieces) and "parçalanmak" (to be broken into pieces) are derived from "parça" and are useful to know.

Sharing Culture

In Turkish culture, food is often shared in "parçalar" (pieces). Understanding this can give you a deeper appreciation for the word's usage.

记住它

记忆技巧

Imagine a baker cutting a large loaf of bread into many small 'parça's. The baker's 'parça's are always delicious!

视觉联想

Picture a broken vase lying on the floor, with many small, scattered 'parça's.

Word Web

piece part segment fragment component slice portion section chunk bit

挑战

Try to describe five different objects around you using the word 'parça' and its plural form 'parçalar'.

词源

Old Turkic

Turkic

文化背景

The word itself is neutral. However, context matters. Referring to a "parça" of a person (e.g., a body part) should be done with sensitivity and appropriateness.

The concept of 'piece' and 'part' is fundamental in English as well, making the translation relatively straightforward.

The Turkish folk song 'Çanakkale İçinde' mentions "bir parça tuğla" (a piece of brick), referring to the battlefield. In literature, authors might refer to "bir parça hayat" (a piece of life) to describe a fragment of someone's existence. In proverbs, "parça parça olmak" (to be broken into pieces) is used metaphorically for emotional distress.

在生活中练习

真实语境

Food and Dining

Bir parça ekmek
Bir parça pasta
Bir parça peynir

Repairs and Mechanics

Yedek parça
Araba parçası
Yeni parça
Parça değişimi

Arts and Media

Müzik parçası
Şarkının parçası
Filmin parçası
Kitabın parçası

General Division

Projenin bir parçası
İşin bir parçası
Hayatın bir parçası

Condition of Objects

Kırık parça
Küçük parça
Büyük parça

对话开场白

"What is your favorite piece of music?"

"Can you describe a piece of art you admire?"

"What is the most important part of learning a new language?"

日记主题

Describe a time you had to fix something and needed a specific part.

Write about a favorite book or movie and describe a particular part you enjoyed.

Imagine you are building something; what are the different pieces you would need?

常见问题

10 个问题

Yes, "parça" can be used for abstract things. For example, "müzik parçası" (music piece), "hayatın bir parçası" (a part of life), or "konunun bir parçası" (a part of the topic). It signifies a segment or aspect of something non-physical.

The plural of "parça" is "parçalar." For example, "Bu yapbozun birçok parçası var." (This puzzle has many pieces.)

Use "parça" for general pieces, fragments, or components. Use "bölüm" for chapters, episodes, or structured sections. Use "kısım" for parts of an area, building, or organization. For example, "Kitabın bir parçası yırtıldı" (A piece of the book tore) vs. "Kitabın üçüncü bölümü" (The third chapter of the book).

Yes, "parça" can be used for food, but "dilim" (slice) is often more specific for things like cake, bread, or cheese. For instance, "Bir parça kek" is understandable, but "Bir dilim kek" is more precise for a slice. "Bir parça ekmek" is common.

"Parça zamanlı" means "part-time." It refers to work or employment that is not full-time. For example, "Parça zamanlı iş" (part-time job).

You can say "parça parça olmak" or "parçalanmak." For example, "Bardak parça parça oldu." (The glass became piece by piece.) or "Vazo parçalandı." (The vase broke into pieces.)

Yes, "parça" is generally a countable noun. You can have one piece, two pieces, etc. (bir parça, iki parça).

"Parça" is a general term for a piece or part. "Parçacık" is a diminutive, meaning a very small piece, often used for particles in physics or very tiny fragments.

No, "parça" is primarily a noun. However, it can be part of compound words or phrases that function adjectivally, like "parça zamanlı" (part-time) or "parça tesirli" (partially effective).

The stress is on the first syllable: PAR-cha. The 'a' sounds are open, like in 'father'. The Turkish 'ç' sounds like the 'ch' in 'chair'.

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