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A1 noun #3,429 الأكثر شيوعاً 12 دقيقة للقراءة

掴む

tsukamu الأكثر شيوعاً #3,429

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح 掴む في 30 ثانية

الشرح 掴む in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should focus on the most basic physical meaning of 掴む (tsukamu): to grab or take hold of something with your hand. Think of simple actions like grabbing a toy, a ball, or a friend's hand. At this stage, you don't need to worry about the complex metaphorical meanings. Just remember that it is a verb used for 'grabbing.' You will see it often in simple commands or descriptions of movement. For example, if you are on a train in Japan, you might hear 'tsurikawa wo tsukande kudasai' (please grab the strap). This is a very practical, everyday use of the word. Even as a beginner, knowing this word helps you understand basic physical interactions. Remember that the past tense is 'tsukanda' (I grabbed). Try to visualize the action of fingers closing around an object whenever you hear this word. It's an active, energetic verb. You can use it when playing sports or when you need to hold onto something so you don't fall. It's a fundamental part of describing how we interact with the physical world around us.

At the A2 level, you can start to use 掴む (tsukamu) in slightly more varied contexts. In addition to physical grabbing, you might encounter it in simple idiomatic ways, such as 'getting the hang of' a basic task. For example, 'shigoto no youryou wo tsukamu' (getting the hang of work). You'll also notice it used in stories or anime when a character 'grabs' a simple opportunity or a clue. At this level, you should also be aware of the difference between tsukamu and nigiru (to squeeze). While nigiru is for things like sushi or a steering wheel, tsukamu is for reaching out and catching something. You might use it to describe catching a ball in a game or grabbing a rope. You should also be comfortable with the potential form, tsukameru (can grab), as in 'booru ga tsukameru' (I can catch the ball). This level is about expanding from just 'grabbing' to 'seizing' or 'catching' in everyday situations. You will hear it in more natural conversations, especially when people talk about their hobbies or daily routines.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

By the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 掴む (tsukamu) in its many metaphorical senses. This is where the word becomes truly powerful. You can talk about 'grabbing' a big opportunity (ookina chansu wo tsukamu) or 'capturing' someone's heart (kokoro wo tsukamu). These expressions are very common in Japanese and add a lot of flavor to your speaking and writing. You should also understand the nuance of 'grasping the point' (pointo wo tsukamu) in a discussion. This shows that you aren't just listening, but you are actively identifying the most important information. At B1, you will also encounter the word in more formal settings, like news reports where a detective 'tsukamu' (seizes) evidence or information. You should be able to distinguish tsukamu from wakaru (to understand), using tsukamu when you've reached a level of practical mastery or insight. This is also the level where you might start using compound verbs like tsukami-toru (to seize for oneself). Your usage should reflect a deeper understanding of how the physical act of grabbing translates into psychological and social success.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the B2 level, your use of 掴む (tsukamu) should be nuanced and precise. You should be able to use it to describe complex social dynamics, such as a politician 'grabbing' the public's sentiment (minshin wo tsukamu) or a marketer 'grasping' the needs of a target audience (niizu wo tsukamu). At this stage, you should also be familiar with more advanced idioms like 'umo wo tsukamu you na' (like trying to catch a cloud) to describe vague or impossible tasks. Your understanding of the word should include its use in professional contexts, where it often overlaps with the formal haaku suru (to grasp/understand). However, you should know that tsukamu retains a more active, dynamic feel than haaku suru. You might use tsukamu when describing the process of gaining insight, and haaku suru for the result of having that insight. You should also be able to use the verb in various grammatical constructions, including passive and causative forms, to describe how someone was 'made to grasp' something or how an opportunity was 'seized by' someone. Your vocabulary should feel natural and well-integrated into your overall Japanese proficiency.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C1 level, 掴む (tsukamu) becomes a tool for sophisticated expression in literature, business strategy, and high-level debate. You can use it to describe the subtle 'grasping' of a writer's intent or the 'seizing' of a fleeting cultural trend. You should be able to discuss the philosophical implications of 'grasping' reality versus 'grasping' an illusion. At this level, you are expected to understand the historical and etymological roots of the word, and how it relates to other kanji that share similar meanings but different nuances. You might use tsukamu in a critique of a performance, noting how the artist failed to 'tsukamu' the essence of the character. In business, you might use it to describe 'capturing' a niche market with extreme precision. Your usage should be indistinguishable from a native speaker, showing a deep sensitivity to the 'weight' and 'energy' the word carries in different registers. You should also be comfortable with rare or archaic uses of the word found in classical literature or highly specialized technical fields. The word is no longer just a verb to you; it's a conceptual anchor for the act of acquisition and mastery in all its forms.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C2 level, you have a complete and total mastery of 掴む (tsukamu). You can use it with absolute precision in any context, from the most technical scientific discourse to the most abstract philosophical inquiry. You understand the deepest nuances of the word, including its rhythmic role in poetry and its rhetorical power in oratory. You can effortlessly switch between its literal, metaphorical, and idiomatic uses to convey exact shades of meaning. For example, you might use it to describe the way a certain scientific theory 'grasps' the fundamental laws of physics, or how a master diplomat 'grasps' the unspoken tensions in a room. You are also aware of how the word has evolved over time and how it compares to similar concepts in other languages. At this level, you might even play with the word's meaning in creative writing, using it in unexpected ways to create new metaphors. Your understanding is not just linguistic, but cultural and psychological, allowing you to use tsukamu to navigate the most complex social and professional landscapes in Japan with ease and authority. The word is a natural part of your expressive repertoire, used with the same fluid grace as a native speaker of the highest education.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

掴む في 30 ثانية

Tsukamu is a Japanese verb that means 'to grab' or 'to seize' something physically with your hand, like a ball or a handrail.
It is also used metaphorically to mean 'grasping' an opportunity, 'capturing' someone's heart, or 'getting the hang of' a difficult skill or concept.
Grammatically, it is a transitive Godan verb that uses the particle 'wo' and conjugates to 'tsukanda' in the past tense and 'tsukameru' in potential.
It differs from 'nigiru' (to squeeze) and 'tsukamaeru' (to catch a living thing), focusing more on the act of firm acquisition and insight.

The Japanese word 掴む (tsukamu) is a versatile verb that primarily describes the physical action of seizing or grasping something with one's hand. While it might seem simple at first glance, its utility spans from the literal act of catching a ball to the abstract concept of understanding a complex theory or seizing a life-changing opportunity. In the physical sense, it implies a firm, sudden, or deliberate grip. Unlike simply holding something (motsu), tsukamu suggests a transition from not holding to holding, or a grip that is secure enough to prevent the object from escaping. This distinction is crucial for learners to understand the 'energy' behind the word.

Literal Physicality: Used when you grab a rope, a hand, or an object that is moving. It requires the closing of fingers around the target.

彼は急いでロープを掴んだ。 (He quickly grabbed the rope.)

Beyond the physical, tsukamu is frequently used in business and personal development. When someone says they 'grasped an opportunity' (chansu wo tsukanda), they are using this word to show that they didn't just see the chance, but they actively took hold of it. Similarly, in an educational context, if you finally understand a difficult math problem or the 'knack' of a new skill, you have 'grasped the point' (yousetsu wo tsukamu) or 'grasped the trick' (kotsu wo tsukamu). This metaphorical usage is what elevates the word from basic vocabulary to an essential tool for expressive Japanese communication.

Metaphorical Grasping: Refers to obtaining success, understanding a secret, or capturing someone's heart (emotions).

ついに成功の鍵を掴んだ。 (I finally grasped the key to success.)

In social dynamics, tsukamu is used to describe capturing interest or affection. A singer might 'capture the hearts' of the audience (kankyaku no kokoro wo tsukamu). This implies a deep, resonant connection where the audience is 'held' by the performance. This nuance is different from 'attracting' (hikitsukeru), as tsukamu feels more definitive and powerful. It is a word of action and result.

Social Context: Capturing an audience's attention or a person's feelings through a strong impression.

彼女の歌声は聴衆の心を掴んだ。 (Her singing voice captured the hearts of the audience.)

仕事のコツを掴むのに時間がかかった。 (It took time to get the hang of the work.)

Finally, the word appears in many idiomatic expressions. For example, 'umo wo tsukamu' (like grabbing a cloud) is used to describe something vague, unrealistic, or impossible to pin down. This highlights the word's inherent requirement for something 'solid' to be gripped. If the object is like a cloud, the action of tsukamu fails, leading to the idiom's meaning of futility. Understanding these layers helps learners use the word not just as a verb, but as a conceptual framework for 'attainment' in Japanese.

その計画は雲を掴むような話だ。 (That plan is like trying to catch a cloud [very vague].)

Grammatically, 掴む (tsukamu) is a transitive Godan verb. This means it requires a direct object, usually marked by the particle を (wo). The basic structure is [Subject] が [Object] を [掴む]. In everyday conversation, the subject is often omitted if it is clear from context. The verb conjugates like other Group 1 verbs: tsukamanai (negative), tsukanda (past), tsukameba (conditional), and tsukameru (potential). Mastering these forms allows you to express everything from 'I can't grab it' to 'I wish I had grabbed it.'

Standard Transitive Usage: Using 'wo' to indicate the physical or abstract thing being seized.

泥棒の腕を強く掴みました。 (I grabbed the thief's arm firmly.)

One of the most common ways you will see tsukamu used is in the 'te-form' combined with other verbs or auxiliary verbs. For instance, tsukande oku means to grab something in advance or to keep hold of it. Tsukande hanasanai (to grab and not let go) is a powerful phrase used both for physical objects and for metaphorical things like dreams or opportunities. It emphasizes a strong will and determination. When used in the potential form tsukameru, it often refers to the ability to seize success or understand a difficult concept.

Potential Form (tsukameru): Expressing the ability to grasp or understand something.

努力すれば、夢を掴めるはずだ。 (If you work hard, you should be able to grasp your dreams.)

In more formal or written contexts, tsukamu might be part of compound verbs or used with more complex nouns. For example, jouhou wo tsukamu (to get information/intelligence) is common in news reporting or detective stories. Here, it implies that the information wasn't just given, but was actively sought out and 'captured' by the person. It carries a sense of discovery. Similarly, shouko wo tsukamu (to find/seize evidence) is the standard way to describe a breakthrough in an investigation.

Investigative Context: Using the verb to describe obtaining evidence, clues, or secret information.

警察はついに決定的な証拠を掴んだ。 (The police finally seized decisive evidence.)

吊り革をしっかり掴んでください。 (Please hold onto the strap firmly [on a train].)

When talking about the 'gist' or 'main point' of a conversation, you use youryou wo tsukamu. This is a very natural way to say you've figured out how to do something efficiently. For example, if you start a new job and it's confusing at first, but after a week you understand the workflow, you would say you've 'tsukanda' the youryou. It suggests a practical, functional understanding rather than just theoretical knowledge. This makes the verb indispensable for discussing professional growth and skill acquisition.

彼は新しい仕事の要領をすぐに掴んだ。 (He quickly got the hang of his new job.)

You will encounter 掴む (tsukamu) in a wide variety of real-life settings in Japan. One of the most immediate places is on public transportation. In trains and buses, you will often hear announcements or see signs advising passengers to 'tsukamu' the handrails or straps (tsurikawa) to ensure their safety during the journey. In this context, it is a polite but firm instruction for physical safety. It is one of the first times a visitor to Japan might hear the word in a functional, everyday environment.

Public Transit: Instructions to hold onto safety equipment like straps or railings.

揺れますので、手すりを掴んでお待ちください。 (It will shake, so please wait while holding the handrail.)

In the world of sports, tsukamu is ubiquitous. Whether it's a baseball player 'grabbing' a fly ball, a climber 'grabbing' a hold on a rock wall, or a wrestler 'grabbing' their opponent's belt (mawashi), the word is central to describing athletic action. In sports commentary, you'll hear it used with excitement when a player makes a crucial catch or secures a victory. It conveys the physicality and the high stakes of the moment. If a team 'tsukamu' a victory (shouri wo tsukamu), it implies they fought hard to earn it.

Sports & Athletics: Describing the physical act of catching or the metaphorical act of winning.

彼は最後の一打で見事に勝利を掴んだ。 (He brilliantly seized the victory with the final hit.)

Anime and Manga are also rich sources for this word. You'll often hear characters shouting about 'grabbing their destiny' (unmei wo tsukamu) or 'grabbing their dreams' (yume wo tsukamu). It is a staple of 'shonen' (young boy) genres where determination and 'reaching out' for one's goals are central themes. Detectives in anime will also frequently say 'shouko wo tsukanda!' (I've got the evidence!) at the climax of an episode. The word adds a sense of dramatic accomplishment to the dialogue.

Entertainment & Media: Dramatic usage in stories about ambition, crime-solving, or emotional connections.

自分の手で未来を掴み取れ！ (Seize the future with your own hands!)

犯人の尻尾を掴んだぞ。 (I've caught the tail of the culprit [got a lead]!)

In the business world, tsukamu is used when discussing market trends or customer needs. A marketing manager might talk about 'grabbing the needs of the market' (shijou no niizu wo tsukamu). This suggests an insightful understanding of what people want. In sales, 'capturing the customer's heart' (kyaku no kokoro wo tsukamu) is the ultimate goal. Whenever you hear this word in a professional setting, it usually relates to successful acquisition—whether that's an acquisition of knowledge, customers, or market share.

流行の兆しをいち早く掴むことが大切だ。 (It is important to quickly grasp the signs of a trend.)

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing 掴む (tsukamu) with 握る (nigiru). While both involve the hand, nigiru focuses on the act of squeezing or gripping something already in the hand (like sushi, a steering wheel, or a fist). Tsukamu, on the other hand, emphasizes the act of reaching out and taking hold of something. If you say you 'nigiru' a thief's arm, it sounds like you are just squeezing it, whereas 'tsukamu' implies you caught and are holding them. Knowing when to use which is a sign of an advanced learner.

Tsukamu vs. Nigiru: Tsukamu = Seizing/Grabbing. Nigiru = Squeezing/Holding in a closed hand.

✖ おにぎりを掴む (Incorrect for making sushi/rice balls)
〇おにぎりを握る (Correct: to squeeze/shape rice balls)

Another common point of confusion is between tsukamu and tsukamaeru (to catch). Tsukamaeru is specifically used for catching living things that are trying to escape, like a criminal, a cat, or a butterfly. While tsukamu can be used for a thief's arm, tsukamaeru is the more common verb for the overall act of 'arresting' or 'catching' a person. If you use tsukamu for a butterfly, it sounds like you might be crushing it with a firm grip, whereas tsukamaeru is the general term for 'catching' it (perhaps with a net).

Tsukamu vs. Tsukamaeru: Tsukamu = To grip a part of something. Tsukamaeru = To catch/capture the whole entity.

✖ 犯人を掴んだ (Sounds like you just grabbed a piece of them)
〇犯人を捕まえた (Correct: I caught the criminal)

Learners also struggle with the metaphorical use of tsukamu versus wakaru (to understand). While wakaru is a general term for understanding, tsukamu implies a deeper, more active level of comprehension—like 'getting the hang of it' or 'capturing the essence.' You wouldn't use tsukamu for simple facts (like 'I understand the time'). Use it when you've finally mastered the 'knack' (kotsu) or the 'gist' (youryou) of something complex. Overusing tsukamu where wakaru is appropriate can make your Japanese sound unnaturally intense.

Understanding Nuance: Wakaru is 'to know/understand'. Tsukamu is 'to grasp the core logic/essence'.

✖ 意味を掴みました (A bit heavy/unusual for a simple meaning)
〇意味がわかりました (Standard: I understood the meaning)

話のポイントを掴むのが上手ですね。 (You are good at grasping the point of the story.)

Lastly, be careful with the particle usage. Since tsukamu is transitive, it almost always takes wo. However, when using the potential form tsukameru, many beginners forget that ga can also be used, and is often preferred in certain contexts. Also, avoid using tsukamu for 'holding' something for a long duration without effort (like holding an umbrella); for that, motsu is the correct choice. Tsukamu is about the 'seizing' and the 'firm grip'.

To truly master 掴む (tsukamu), it's helpful to compare it with its synonyms and related terms. Each has a specific 'flavor' and context. For instance, toraeru (捕らえる) is very similar but often used in more abstract or formal contexts, like 'capturing' a feeling, a moment, or a characteristic. It feels more 'artistic' or 'analytical' than the physical tsukamu. If a photographer captures a beautiful sunset, they toraeru the moment. If a person grabs a falling glass, they tsukamu it. Understanding these subtle differences will help you sound more like a native speaker.

Tsukamu vs. Toraeru: Tsukamu is more physical and direct. Toraeru is more abstract, formal, or observational.

特徴を捉える (To capture the characteristics/features - more formal/analytical)

Another word to consider is haaku suru (把握する). This is a Sino-Japanese (Kango) word that means 'to grasp' or 'to have a thorough understanding.' It is much more formal than tsukamu and is used frequently in business reports and academic writing. While you might 'tsukamu' the gist of a conversation, a manager 'haaku suru' the entire situation of a project. Haaku suru implies a comprehensive, intellectual mastery of information. It is less about the 'action' of grabbing and more about the 'state' of knowing.

Tsukamu vs. Haaku Suru: Tsukamu is the process of getting the hang of it. Haaku suru is the formal state of full understanding.

現状をしっかりと把握してください。 (Please grasp the current situation firmly [formally].)

For physical actions involving more than just the fingers, you might use dakishimeru (to hug/embrace) or kakaeru (to hold in one's arms/carry). These are distinct from tsukamu because they involve the whole arm or body. If you 'tsukamu' a child, it might be by the hand to keep them safe. If you 'dakishimeru' them, you are giving them a hug. Knowing these alternatives ensures you don't use tsukamu for actions that require a more affectionate or encompassing physical motion.

Physical Alternatives: Motsu (hold), Nigiru (grip), Kakaeru (carry/hold in arms), Dakishimeru (embrace).

大きな荷物を抱えている。 (He is carrying a large package [in his arms].)

チャンスをものにする。 (To make a chance one's own [another alternative for seizing an opportunity].)

Finally, mono ni suru is a common idiomatic alternative for 'tsukamu' when talking about mastering a skill or seizing an opportunity. While tsukamu is the action of grabbing, mono ni suru literally means 'to make it into a thing (of yours),' emphasizing that you have fully internalized the skill or benefit. Using a mix of tsukamu and mono ni suru will make your Japanese sound varied and natural.

How Formal Is It?

حقيقة ممتعة

The kanji 掴 contains the radical for 'hand' (扌) on the left and a phonetic component (国) that also suggests a 'boundary' or 'enclosure'. This literally visualizes the hand enclosing an object.

دليل النطق

UK tsu-ka-mu

US tsu-ka-mu

Flat (Heiban) - the pitch stays relatively level throughout the word.

يتقافى مع

む (mu) 進む (susumu) 包む (tsutsumu) 頼む (tanomu) 編む (amu) 噛む (kamu) 踏む (fumu) 読む (yomu)

أخطاء شائعة

Pronouncing 'tsu' as 'su'.
Over-emphasizing the 'u' at the end; it should be subtle.
Mistaking the pitch accent for a rising one.
Confusing it with 'tsukamaeru' in speech.
Pronouncing 'ka' with too much aspiration (like an English 'k').

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 3/5

The kanji is N2/N3 level, but the word is very common in speech.

الكتابة 4/5

The kanji 掴 is somewhat complex to write correctly.

التحدث 2/5

Easy to pronounce and very useful in many contexts.

الاستماع 2/5

Recognizable in many common phrases and idioms.

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

手 (te) - hand 取る (toru) - to take 持つ (motsu) - to hold わかる (wakaru) - to understand チャンス (chansu) - opportunity

تعلّم لاحقاً

握る (nigiru) - to squeeze 捕まえる (tsukamaeru) - to catch 把握する (haaku suru) - to grasp (formal) 捉える (toraeru) - to capture コツ (kotsu) - knack/trick

متقدم

掌握 (shouaku) - to have in one's hand/control 一攫千金 (ikkaku senkin) - getting rich quick 鷲掴み (washizukami) - clutching 雲を掴む (umo wo tsukamu) - vague/impossible

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Transitive Verbs (Tadoshi)

本を掴む (Grab the book).

Godan Verb Conjugation

掴む -> 掴んだ (Past), 掴まない (Negative).

Potential Form with 'ga'

チャンスが掴める (Can seize the chance).

Te-form for Sequential Actions

腕を掴んで止める (Grab the arm and stop them).

Nominalization with 'no' or 'koto'

コツを掴むのは難しい (Grasping the knack is difficult).

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

ボールを掴みます。

I grab the ball.

Simple transitive verb usage with 'wo'.

手を掴んでください。

Please grab my hand.

Te-form + kudasai for a polite request.

ロープを掴んだ。

I grabbed the rope.

Past tense 'tsukanda'.

鞄を掴みました。

I grabbed the bag.

Polite past tense 'tsukamishita'.

パンを掴む。

I grab the bread.

Dictionary form for habitual or future action.

おもちゃを掴んで！

Grab the toy!

Te-form as a casual imperative.

ペンを掴みます。

I grab the pen.

Standard polite form.

帽子を掴んだ。

I grabbed the hat.

Past tense.

吊り革をしっかり掴む。

Hold the strap firmly.

Using 'shikkari' (firmly) with tsukamu.

仕事のコツを掴みました。

I got the hang of the job.

Metaphorical use for 'getting the knack'.

チャンスを掴みたいです。

I want to seize the opportunity.

Tai-form for expressing desire.

逃げる猫を掴んだ。

I grabbed the escaping cat.

Using a descriptive clause 'nigeru neko'.

要領を掴むのが早いです。

You are quick at getting the hang of things.

Noun + no ga + adjective.

泥棒の腕を掴みました。

I grabbed the thief's arm.

Direct object with 'wo'.

いい情報を掴んだよ。

I got some good information.

Informal usage with sentence-final particle 'yo'.

しっかり掴まっていてね。

Hold on tight, okay?

Intransitive 'tsukamaru' related form, often confused.

彼の歌は聴衆の心を掴んだ。

His song captured the hearts of the audience.

Metaphorical 'capturing hearts'.

成功へのチャンスを掴んだ。

I seized the chance for success.

Abstract noun 'chansu'.

文章のポイントを掴む。

Grasp the main points of the text.

Abstract 'pointo' as an object.

ついに証拠を掴んだ。

I finally got the evidence.

Using 'tsuini' (finally) for emphasis.

コツを掴めば簡単ですよ。

It's easy once you get the hang of it.

Conditional 'ba' form.

幸運を掴み取りたい。

I want to seize good fortune.

Compound verb 'tsukami-toru'.

読者の興味を掴む記事。

An article that grabs the reader's interest.

Using tsukamu as an adjective clause.

彼は話の核心を掴んだ。

He grasped the core of the story.

Advanced abstract noun 'kakushin' (core).

時代の流れを掴むことが重要だ。

It is important to grasp the flow of the times.

Using 'koto ga juuyou da' to state importance.

彼は一瞬で状況を掴んだ。

He grasped the situation in an instant.

Using 'isshun de' (in an instant).

顧客のニーズを的確に掴む。

Accurately grasp the needs of the customers.

Adverb 'tekikaku ni' (accurately).

その話は雲を掴むようで現実味がない。

That story is like catching a cloud; it's not realistic.

Idiom 'umo wo tsukamu you na'.

彼はついに政権を掴んだ。

He finally seized political power.

High-level noun 'seiken' (political power).

真相を掴むために調査を続ける。

Continue the investigation to grasp the truth.

Purpose 'tame ni'.

相手の弱みを掴んで交渉する。

Negotiate by grasping the opponent's weakness.

Te-form for sequential action.

彼は若者の心を掴むのがうまい。

He is good at capturing the hearts of young people.

Nominalized 'tsukamu no ga umai'.

情報の断片から全体像を掴む。

Grasp the big picture from fragments of information.

Complex abstract concept 'zentaizou' (big picture).

彼は人心を掴む術を心得ている。

He knows the art of capturing people's hearts.

Formal noun 'jinshin' and 'sube' (art/method).

流行の兆しをいち早く掴む感性。

A sensitivity to grasp the signs of a trend early on.

Advanced noun 'kizashi' (signs/omens).

彼は事件の鍵を握る人物の尻尾を掴んだ。

He caught the tail (found a lead) on the person holding the key to the case.

Idiom 'shippo wo tsukamu' (to find a lead/evidence).

実体のない幻を掴もうとしている。

He is trying to grasp a phantom with no substance.

Volitional 'tsukamou' + 'to shite iru'.

その作家は人間の本質を鋭く掴んでいる。

That writer has a sharp grasp of the essence of humanity.

Te-iru form for a state of understanding.

勝利を掴み取るための戦略を練る。

Devise a strategy to seize victory.

Compound verb 'tsukami-toru' in a purpose clause.

彼は一瞬の隙を掴んで反撃に出た。

He seized a moment's opening and launched a counterattack.

Abstract 'suki' (opening/gap) as an object.

権力の核心を掴むまでの長い道のり。

The long road to grasping the core of power.

Complex noun phrase as a subject.

彼は宇宙の真理を掴もうと、生涯を研究に捧げた。

He dedicated his life to research, trying to grasp the truths of the universe.

Volitional form expressing life-long intent.

言葉の裏にある微細なニュアンスを掴み損ねる。

To fail to grasp the minute nuances behind the words.

Auxiliary verb 'sokoneru' (to fail to do).

民衆の不満を掴んだ革命家が蜂起した。

The revolutionary, having grasped the public's discontent, rose up.

Participial use of the past tense 'tsukanda'.

彼は市場のダイナミズムを完璧に掴んでいる。

He has a perfect grasp of the market's dynamism.

Loanword 'dainamizumu' combined with tsukamu.

一縷の望みを掴むために、彼はすべてを賭けた。

He gambled everything to grasp a single ray of hope.

Literary expression 'ichiru no nozomi'.

その哲学的命題を掴むのは容易ではない。

Grasping that philosophical proposition is not easy.

Formal nominalization with 'no wa'.

時代の精神を掴み、新たな芸術を創造する。

Grasp the zeitgeist and create new art.

High-level concept 'jidai no seishin' (zeitgeist).

المرادفات

握る捕まえる捉える把握する収める

الأضداد

放す離す失う

تلازمات شائعة

チャンスを掴む

コツを掴む

心を掴む

証拠を掴む

要領を掴む

腕を掴む

情報を掴む

栄光を掴む

特徴を掴む

尻尾を掴む

العبارات الشائعة

ガッチリ掴む

— To grab something very tightly or firmly. It emphasizes the strength of the grip.

手首をガッチリ掴まれた。

幸せを掴む

— To achieve or find happiness. It implies that happiness is something you must actively reach for.

自分の手で幸せを掴む。

ポイントを掴む

— To understand the main point or key element of a discussion or text.

要点を掴むのが上手だ。

感触を掴む

— To get a feel for something or to get a response/reaction.

手応えを掴んだ。

一攫千金 (ikkaku senkin)

— To make a fortune at a single stroke (literally 'grabbing a thousand gold pieces at once').

一攫千金を夢見る。

ハートを掴む

— To capture someone's heart (romantic or fan-based). Use of the loanword 'haato'.

彼のハートを掴んだ。

弱みを掴む

— To find or hold someone's weakness, often for use in an argument or negotiation.

相手の弱みを掴む。

流れを掴む

— To understand the flow or trend of something (like a game or a market).

試合の流れを掴む。

実態を掴む

— To get a grasp of the actual situation or the truth behind something.

事件の実態を掴む。

きっかけを掴む

— To find a starting point or a motive to begin something.

成功のきっかけを掴む。

يُخلط عادةً مع

掴む vs 握る (nigiru)

Nigiru is for squeezing or gripping something already in the hand; Tsukamu is for reaching out to grab.

掴む vs 捕まえる (tsukamaeru)

Tsukamaeru is for catching/arresting a living being; Tsukamu is for gripping a part of something.

掴む vs 持つ (motsu)

Motsu is a general word for 'to hold' or 'to have'; Tsukamu is the specific action of 'seizing'.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"雲を掴むような"

— Used to describe something that is vague, unrealistic, or impossible to achieve.

彼の話は雲を掴むようで信用できない。

Common

"尻尾を掴む"

— To find a clue or evidence of someone's wrongdoing. Literally 'to grab the tail'.

汚職の尻尾を掴んだぞ。

Detective/Formal

"心を掴む"

— To deeply move someone or win their total support and affection.

彼のスピーチは聴衆の心を掴んだ。

Common

"要領を掴む"

— To get the hang of something; to understand the most efficient way to do a task.

新しい仕事の要領を掴む。

Daily/Business

"コツを掴む"

— To grasp the 'knack' or the secret trick to doing something well.

自転車に乗るコツを掴んだ。

Daily

"チャンスを掴む"

— To seize an opportunity that comes your way.

人生に一度のチャンスを掴む。

Common

"弱みを掴む"

— To discover someone's secret or vulnerability and use it against them.

ライバルの弱みを掴んで優位に立つ。

Common

"藁をも掴む思い"

— A desperate feeling of grasping at straws (literally 'the feeling of grabbing even a piece of straw').

藁をも掴む思いで助けを求めた。

Literary

"袖を掴む"

— To grab someone's sleeve, often used to describe someone trying to stop another person or acting shyly.

子供が母の袖を掴んだ。

Common

"胸ぐらを掴む"

— To grab someone by the collar/lapels (usually in a confrontational or aggressive way).

怒って相手の胸ぐらを掴んだ。

Aggressive

سهل الخلط

掴む vs 握る (nigiru)

Both involve holding something with the hand.

Nigiru is about the pressure applied (squeezing), like sushi or a fist. Tsukamu is about the act of seizing or grabbing something from outside.

手を握る (Hold/squeeze hands) vs 手を掴む (Grab someone's hand suddenly).

掴む vs 捕まえる (tsukamaeru)

Both translate to 'catch' in English.

Tsukamaeru is used for the entire entity, especially if it's running away (a thief, a cat). Tsukamu is used for the physical grip on a specific part (grabbing an arm).

犯人を捕まえる (Catch the thief) vs 犯人の腕を掴む (Grab the thief's arm).

掴む vs 捉える (toraeru)

Both mean 'to grasp' metaphorically.

Toraeru is more abstract and formal. It's used for 'capturing' a feeling, a moment, or a characteristic. Tsukamu is more common for 'getting the hang of' a skill.

特徴を捉える (Capture features) vs コツを掴む (Get the hang of it).

掴む vs 把握する (haaku suru)

Both mean 'to grasp' an idea.

Haaku suru is a formal business/academic term for comprehensive understanding. Tsukamu is more about the practical 'getting it' or finding a clue.

状況を把握する (Grasp the situation - formal) vs 要領を掴む (Get the hang of it - practical).

掴む vs 離す (hanasu)

They are opposites but often learned together.

Tsukamu is to grab; Hanasu is to let go.

手を掴む (Grab hand) vs 手を離す (Let go of hand).

أنماط الجُمل

[Object] を掴む。

ボールを掴む。

[Skill] のコツを掴む。

テニスのコツを掴む。

[Person] の心を掴む。

彼女の心を掴む。

[Concept] の要領を掴む。

プレゼンの要領を掴む。

[Abstract] を掴み取る。

栄光を掴み取る。

[Complex] を的確に掴む。

時代の潮流を的確に掴む。

[Opportunity] を掴むチャンス。

成功を掴むチャンスだ。

[Object] をしっかり掴んで。

手すりをしっかり掴んで。

عائلة الكلمة

الأسماء

掴み (tsukami) - a grip, a handful, or a 'hook' in a story/performance.

一掴み (hitotsukami) - a handful.

الأفعال

掴まる (tsukamaru) - to hold onto something (intransitive).

掴まえる (tsukamaeru) - to catch/capture (transitive).

掴み取る (tsukami-toru) - to seize/snatch.

掴みかかる (tsukami-kakaru) - to spring at and grab.

掴み合う (tsukami-au) - to grapple with each other.

مرتبط

握る (nigiru)

捕らえる (toraeru)

把握 (haaku)

掌握 (shouaku)

収穫 (shuukaku)

سجّل مجاناً لرؤية جميع الأمثلة

كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

Very high in both daily conversation and literature.

أخطاء شائعة

Using 'tsukamu' for making sushi. → Sushi wo nigiru.
Sushi requires a squeezing/shaping motion (nigiru), not just a grab (tsukamu).
Saying 'kaze wo tsukanda' for catching a cold. → Kaze wo hiita.
'Tsukamu' is for physical/metaphorical objects, not for catching diseases.
Using 'tsukamu' for catching a person who is running away. → Hannin wo tsukamaeta.
While you can grab their arm (tsukamu), the act of 'catching' them is 'tsukamaeru'.
Saying 'tsukamita' for the past tense. → Tsukanda.
'Tsukamu' is a Godan verb ending in 'mu', so the past tense must end in 'nda'.
Using 'tsukamu' for holding an umbrella normally. → Kasa wo motsu.
'Tsukamu' implies a firm, sudden, or seizing grip, not just the state of carrying/holding.

نصائح

Grasping the 'Knack'

Always use 'tsukamu' with 'kotsu' (knack) or 'youryou' (gist). It's the most natural way to say you've learned how to do something efficiently.

Conjugation Reminder

Remember that 'tsukamu' is a Godan verb. The 'mu' changes to 'nd' in the past tense: 'tsukanda'. Don't say 'tsukamita'!

Capturing Hearts

In Japan, 'kokoro wo tsukamu' (capturing the heart) is a high compliment for performers, writers, and speakers. Use it to praise someone's impact.

Train Etiquette

When you hear 'tsurikawa wo tsukande kudasai' on the train, it's a prompt to hold the strap. It's a great chance to hear the word in a real context.

Tsukamu vs Nigiru

Think of 'tsukamu' as the action of reaching out to get something, and 'nigiru' as the action of squeezing what you already have.

Vague Ideas

If someone's plan is too vague, call it 'umo wo tsukamu you na' (like catching a cloud). It's a very common and descriptive idiom.

Market Insight

In business, 'niizu wo tsukamu' (grasping needs) is a key phrase. It shows you understand the market's demands.

The Winning Catch

In baseball, catching a fly ball is 'tsukamu'. It emphasizes a secure, firm catch that won't drop.

Hand and Boundary

Look at the kanji 掴. The left side is 'hand'. The right side represents a 'boundary'. You are putting your hand around the boundary of an object.

Compound Verbs

Try using 'tsukami-toru' when you want to sound more determined. It adds the nuance of 'taking' something after you've grabbed it.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Think of a 'SU-per KA-t (cat)' that 'MU-nches (munches)' on whatever it can GRAB. TSU-KA-MU.

ربط بصري

Imagine a giant hand descending from the sky and closing its fingers around a golden trophy labeled 'Opportunity'.

Word Web

Hand Grab Seize Catch Opportunity Evidence Heart Gist

تحدٍّ

Try to use 'tsukamu' in three different ways today: once for a physical object, once for a skill you are learning, and once for an opportunity you want.

أصل الكلمة

The word 'tsukamu' comes from Old Japanese roots. It is believed to be related to the word 'tsuka' (hilt/handle), suggesting the original meaning was to take hold of a handle or hilt. This evolution from a specific physical action to a general verb for 'grabbing' is common in many languages.

المعنى الأصلي: To take hold of a handle or a sword hilt.

Japonic

السياق الثقافي

Be careful when using 'tsukamu' with people (e.g., grabbing someone's arm), as it can imply force or aggression depending on the context.

While English uses 'grasp' similarly for both physical and mental acts, Japanese 'tsukamu' has a stronger physical 'seizing' nuance than 'grasp' sometimes does.

The phrase 'Yume wo tsukame!' (Seize your dreams!) is a common lyric in J-Pop and anime theme songs. Sumo wrestling commentary frequently uses 'tsukamu' to describe belt grips. Detective Conan (Meitantei Conan) often features the phrase 'shouko wo tsukanda' when solving a case.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

Sports

ボールを掴む
勝利を掴む
逆転のチャンスを掴む
相手の腕を掴む

Business

ニーズを掴む
要領を掴む
主導権を掴む
情報を掴む

Education

コツを掴む
ポイントを掴む
核心を掴む
意味を掴む

Social/Emotional

心を掴む
幸せを掴む
きっかけを掴む
ファンの心を掴む

Safety/Travel

吊り革を掴む
手すりを掴む
しっかり掴む
離さず掴む

بدايات محادثة

"どうやってこの仕事のコツを掴みましたか？ (How did you get the hang of this job?)"

"最近、何かいいチャンスを掴みましたか？ (Have you seized any good opportunities lately?)"

"どうすれば聴衆の心を掴めると思いますか？ (How do you think one can capture an audience's heart?)"

"この難しい問題のポイントを掴めましたか？ (Were you able to grasp the point of this difficult problem?)"

"新しい趣味のコツを掴むのにどれくらいかかりましたか？ (How long did it take you to get the hang of your new hobby?)"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

今日、新しくコツを掴んだことについて書いてください。 (Write about something you got the hang of today.)

将来、どのようなチャンスを掴みたいですか？ (What kind of opportunity do you want to seize in the future?)

誰かの言葉があなたの心を掴んだ経験はありますか？ (Have you ever had an experience where someone's words captured your heart?)

「雲を掴むような話」を聞いたことがありますか？その時のことを書いてください。 (Have you ever heard a story that was 'like catching a cloud'? Write about that time.)

仕事や勉強で、要領を掴むために工夫していることは何ですか？ (What do you do to try and get the hang of things in work or study?)

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

No, for catching a cold, you use 'kaze wo hiku'. 'Tsukamu' is for physical or conceptual grabbing, not for contracting illnesses.

No, you should use 'kasa wo sasu' (to put up an umbrella) or 'kasa wo motsu' (to carry/hold an umbrella). 'Tsukamu' would imply you are grabbing it firmly, perhaps to stop someone from taking it.

'Tsukamu' is the general verb for grabbing. 'Tsukami-toru' is more emphatic and implies 'seizing' something for yourself, often through competition or hard work, like a victory or a dream.

You can use it for 'I've got the hang of it' (Kotsu wo tsukanda) or 'I've grasped the point' (Pointo wo tsukanda), but for general understanding, 'wakaru' is much more common.

Yes, in phrases like 'niizu wo tsukamu' (grasping needs), it is fine. However, for 'understanding a situation', 'haaku suru' is more professional.

Yes, but be aware it can sound aggressive. 'Ude wo tsukamu' (grab the arm) is common, but 'hito wo tsukamu' sounds like you are literally picking them up or capturing them.

You would say 'Kotsu ga tsukamenai' or 'Youryou ga tsukamenai'. It uses the potential negative form.

It's an idiom meaning 'vague' or 'slippery'. It literally means there's 'no place to grab' on the person or the story.

Extremely often! For catching balls, grabbing opponents, or seizing a win.

The past tense is 'tsukanda'. It follows the standard Godan verb rule for verbs ending in 'mu'.

سجّل مجاناً للنصائح والملاحظات