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A1 adjective 10 دقيقة للقراءة

ຊ້າຍ

Left (direction)

At the A1 CEFR level, learners are just beginning to understand and use basic directional words. 'ຊ້າຍ' (sai - left) is introduced as a fundamental concept for simple navigation. Learners will encounter it in phrases like 'ໄປ​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ' (pai thang sai - go left) and 'ລ້ຽວ​ຊ້າຍ' (liao sai - turn left). The focus is on recognizing the word and associating it with the physical direction. Sentences will be very simple, often involving pointing or basic commands. Understanding its use in phrases for directions is the primary goal. The word 'ຊ້າຍ' is crucial for basic communication related to movement and location. Its meaning is direct and unambiguous, making it ideal for beginners. Learners at this stage are expected to be able to identify the left side when prompted, both visually and verbally. They might practice by pointing to objects and stating 'ນີ້​ຊ້າຍ' (ni sai - this is left), or following simple instructions like 'ຖື​ມື​ຊ້າຍ' (theu meu sai - hold the left hand). The context will be very concrete, such as classroom settings or simple street directions.
At the A2 CEFR level, learners can use 'ຊ້າຍ' (sai - left) in more varied simple sentences and understand it in slightly more complex directional instructions. They will begin to use it in phrases like 'ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ' (yu thang sai - is on the left) to describe the location of objects or places. For instance, 'The book is on the left side of the table' - 'ປຶ້ມ​ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ຂອງ​ໂຕະ' (pum yu thang sai khong toh). Learners will also be able to follow more detailed directions involving multiple turns. They will understand it when used in relation to body parts, such as 'ເຈັບ​ແຂນ​ຊ້າຍ' (jep khaen sai - hurt left arm). The ability to give and understand simple directions is developing. The distinction between 'left' and 'right' becomes more firmly established. Learners might be asked to describe the location of items in a picture using 'ຊ້າຍ'. They will also start to notice and use the common phrase 'ທາງຊ້າຍ' more consistently.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the B1 CEFR level, learners can use 'ຊ້າຍ' (sai - left) with greater fluency and confidence in everyday situations. They can describe locations and give directions more elaborately, using it in sentences that involve relative positions and sequences of actions. For example, 'After you pass the market, turn left at the next corner' - 'ຫຼັງ​ຈາກ​ຜ່ານ​ຕະຫຼາດ​ແລ້ວ, ລ້ຽວ​ຊ້າຍ​ຢູ່​ແຈ​ຕໍ່​ໄປ' (lang jak phan talat laeo, liao sai yu jae tor pai). Learners can also understand and use 'ຊ້າຍ' when discussing layouts, body parts, or preferences. They can explain why they chose a particular path based on directions involving 'left'. They are comfortable using phrases like 'ທາງຊ້າຍ', 'ເບື້ອງຊ້າຍ', and specifying body parts with 'ຊ້າຍ'. The nuance of using 'ຊ້າຍ' in relation to other directional terms is becoming clearer.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the B2 CEFR level, learners can use 'ຊ້າຍ' (sai - left) accurately and effectively in a wide range of contexts, including more abstract discussions. They can articulate complex directions, describe spatial relationships in detail, and understand nuanced language involving 'left'. For example, they can discuss architectural plans or describe the layout of a city map, using 'ຊ້າຍ' to pinpoint specific areas. They can also understand and use 'ຊ້າຍ' in idiomatic expressions or figurative language if applicable. The ability to distinguish between subtle variations in phrasing, such as 'ທາງຊ້າຍ' versus 'ດ້ານຊ້າຍ', and to use them appropriately, is evident. They can also explain the reasoning behind directional choices in more detail.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the C1 CEFR level, learners use 'ຊ້າຍ' (sai - left) with a high degree of precision and flexibility. They can employ it in sophisticated language, understanding and producing complex sentences that describe intricate spatial arrangements or abstract concepts. For instance, they might discuss the directional flow of traffic in a city or analyze the composition of a piece of art using 'left' and 'right' as descriptive elements. They can also understand the cultural implications of directional language and use 'ຊ້າຍ' in a way that reflects a deep understanding of the language and its cultural context. They are likely to be able to discuss subtle differences in register and usage between various phrases involving 'left'.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the C2 CEFR level, learners demonstrate mastery of 'ຊ້າຍ' (sai - left), using it with native-like fluency and accuracy in all situations. They can understand and produce highly nuanced language, including specialized terminology, idiomatic expressions, and subtle shades of meaning related to direction. Their usage is effortless and precise, reflecting a complete command of the word and its variations. They can engage in complex discussions about geography, navigation, art, or any field where precise spatial description is required, using 'ຊ້າຍ' and its related phrases with perfect control. They can also identify and explain the historical or cultural significance of directional terms.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
أمثلة

ຊ້າຍ في 30 ثانية

  • The Lao word 'ຊ້າຍ' (sai) means 'left'.
  • It's used for directions and indicating sides.
Definition
The Lao word 'ຊ້າຍ' (pronounced 'sai') is an adjective that means 'left' in English. It refers to the direction or side that is to the west when facing north, or generally the opposite of the right side.
Usage
This word is fundamental for giving and understanding directions, describing locations, and indicating which hand or side someone is using. It's used in everyday conversations, from simple instructions like 'turn left' to more complex descriptions of spatial relationships. You will hear it frequently when navigating streets, pointing things out, or discussing layouts of rooms or objects. It's a basic directional term, much like 'right', 'up', and 'down' in English, making it essential for anyone learning Lao.
Examples
When asking for directions, someone might say 'ໄປ​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ' (pai thang sai) meaning 'go to the left'. If you are pointing to something, you might say 'ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ' (yu thang sai) meaning 'it is on the left'. When describing a person's actions, you could say 'ລາວ​ຈັບ​ມື​ຊ້າຍ' (lao jap meu sai) meaning 'he/she holds the left hand.

This building is on the left.

Directional Language
'ຊ້າຍ' is a core component of directional language. When learning to navigate or describe locations in Laos, mastering this word is crucial. It's used in conjunction with other directional terms such as 'ຂວາ' (khwa - right), 'ເທິງ' (thoeng - up/above), and 'ລຸ່ມ' (lum - down/below). For instance, when giving directions, you might hear instructions like 'เลี้ยวซ้าย' (liao sai) which means 'turn left'. This is a fundamental word for anyone interacting with the Lao language in a practical, real-world setting.

Please take the left turn at the next intersection.

Everyday Scenarios
Imagine you are in Vientiane and need to find a specific market. A local might tell you, 'From here, walk straight and then turn left at the big temple.' In Lao, this would translate to something like 'ຈາກ​ນີ້​ໄປ​ກົງ​ແລ້ວ​ລ້ຽວ​ຊ້າຍ​ຢູ່​ວັດ​ໃຫຍ່' (jak ni pai gong laeo liao sai yu wat yai). The word 'ຊ້າຍ' is indispensable in such everyday navigational exchanges. It's also used when describing the placement of objects, for example, 'The vase is on the left side of the table' - 'ກະ​ຖາງ​ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ຂອງ​ໂຕະ' (ka thang yu thang sai khong toh). Understanding and using 'ຊ້າຍ' effectively will significantly enhance your ability to communicate and navigate in Lao-speaking environments.
Basic Directional Phrases
The most common way to use 'ຊ້າຍ' is in phrases indicating direction. Often, it's preceded by 'ທາງ' (thang), meaning 'way' or 'direction', forming 'ທາງຊ້າຍ' (thang sai), which translates to 'the left side' or 'the left direction'. This phrase is used when referring to a location or a side. For example, 'The post office is on the left' would be 'ທີ່​ການ​ໄປ​ສະ​ນີ​ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ' (thi kan pai san i yu thang sai). When giving commands or instructions for movement, verbs like 'ລ້ຽວ' (liao - to turn) are used with 'ຊ້າຍ'. Thus, 'turn left' becomes 'ລ້ຽວ​ຊ້າຍ' (liao sai).
Referring to Body Parts
'ຊ້າຍ' is also used to specify the left side of the body. For instance, if someone has a pain in their left arm, they might say 'ເຈັບ​ແຂນ​ຊ້າຍ' (jep khaen sai). Similarly, 'my left foot' would be 'ຕີນ​ຊ້າຍ​ຂອງ​ຂ້ອຍ' (tin sai khong khoy). This usage is straightforward and mirrors English usage closely.
Describing Relative Positions
When describing the placement of objects relative to each other, 'ຊ້າຍ' is essential. For example, 'The book is to the left of the lamp' could be expressed as 'ປຶ້ມ​ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ຂອງ​ໂຄມ​ໄຟ' (pum yu thang sai khong khom fai). The structure 'X ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ຂອງ Y' (X yu thang sai khong Y) means 'X is to the left of Y'. This pattern is very useful for describing scenes or layouts.

The hospital is on the left side of the road.

Combining with Other Directions
'ຊ້າຍ' can be combined with other directional terms to provide more precise instructions. For example, 'turn left and go straight' might be 'ລ້ຽວ​ຊ້າຍ​ແລ້ວ​ໄປ​ກົງ' (liao sai laeo pai gong). If you need to specify 'the far left', you might use phrases like 'ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ສຸດ' (thang sai sut - the furthest left). Understanding these combinations allows for more nuanced communication about spatial arrangements.

He is standing on the left of the group.

Navigating Cities and Towns
In any Lao-speaking urban environment, 'ຊ້າຍ' is a word you will hear constantly. When asking for directions to a specific location, locals will invariably use it to guide you. For instance, if you're looking for a restaurant, you might be told 'ໄປ​ຕາມ​ທາງ​ນີ້​ແລ້ວ​ລ້ຽວ​ຊ້າຍ​ຢູ່​ສี่​ແຍກ​ໃຫຍ່' (pai tam thang ni laeo liao sai yu si yaek yai) - 'Go along this road and then turn left at the big intersection.' This is a fundamental part of everyday discourse for anyone trying to get around.
In Markets and Shops
When describing where items are located within a market or a shop, 'ຊ້າຍ' is frequently used. A vendor might say, 'The spices are over there, on the left side of the stall' - 'ເຄື່ອງ​ເທດ​ຢູ່​ທາງ​ນັ້ນ, ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ຂອງ​ຮ້ານ' (khreuang thet yu thang nan, yu thang sai khong han). This helps customers find what they are looking for efficiently.
Describing Layouts and Arrangements
When people discuss the arrangement of furniture in a room, the seating in a theatre, or the layout of a garden, 'ຊ້າຍ' plays a significant role. You might hear descriptions like 'The main entrance is on the left' - 'ທາງ​ເຂົ້າ​ຫຼັກ​ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ' (thang khao lak yu thang sai), or 'The stage is on the left side of the hall' - 'ເວທີ​ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ຂອງ​ຫ້ອງ​ໂຖງ' (vethi yu thang sai khong hong thong). This is common in conversations about home decor, event planning, or even architectural descriptions.

The bus stop is on the left as you exit the station.

Instructional Contexts
In educational settings or when someone is teaching a skill that involves physical movement or arrangement, 'ຊ້າຍ' will be used. For example, in a dance class, an instructor might say 'Move your left leg forward' - 'ຍ້າຍ​ຂາ​ຊ້າຍ​ໄປ​ຂ້າງ​ໜ້າ' (yai kha sai pai khang na). Similarly, in a craft workshop, instructions might involve placing an object on the left side of a canvas.

The second house on the left is where we are going.

Confusing Left and Right
The most frequent mistake for learners is confusing 'ຊ້າຍ' (sai - left) with 'ຂວາ' (khwa - right). This is a common pitfall for any language learner when dealing with basic directional terms. The sounds are distinct, but the concepts can easily be mixed up under pressure or when speaking quickly.
Incorrect Placement with Prepositions
While 'ຊ້າຍ' itself is an adjective, it's often used in phrases like 'ທາງຊ້າຍ' (thang sai - the left side). Learners might sometimes omit 'ທາງ' when it's expected, or use it in contexts where it's not necessary, leading to awkward or incorrect phrasing. For instance, saying 'ໄປ​ຊ້າຍ' (pai sai - go left) is understandable, but 'ໄປ​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ' (pai thang sai - go towards the left) is often more natural when giving directions.
Pronunciation Errors
The initial sound 'ຊ' (s) in 'ຊ້າຍ' can be tricky for speakers of languages that don't have this specific 'sh' or 's' sound. Mispronouncing it could lead to confusion. Also, the tone and vowel sound need to be accurate to ensure clarity. For example, if the tone is off, it might sound like another word entirely.

When asked to point to the left, a learner might mistakenly point right.

Overgeneralization
Sometimes, learners might try to apply rules from their native language directly to Lao, which can lead to errors. For instance, in English, we might say 'on the left', but in Lao, the structure can vary. Incorrectly translating English sentence structures directly can result in phrases that sound unnatural or are grammatically incorrect in Lao.

A learner might say 'ຂ້ອຍ​ຢູ່​ຊ້າຍ' (khoy yu sai - I am left) instead of 'ຂ້ອຍ​ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ' (khoy yu thang sai - I am on the left side).

Antonym: ຂວາ (khwa)
The direct antonym of 'ຊ້າຍ' (sai - left) is 'ຂວາ' (khwa - right). These two words are fundamental directional opposites and are almost always learned together. Example: 'Turn left' is 'ລ້ຽວ​ຊ້າຍ' (liao sai), while 'turn right' is 'ລ້ຽວ​ຂວາ' (liao khwa).
Directional Phrases: ທາງຊ້າຍ (thang sai) vs. ດ້ານຊ້າຍ (dan sai)
While 'ຊ້າຍ' itself is an adjective, it's commonly used with nouns that specify 'side' or 'direction'. 'ທາງຊ້າຍ' (thang sai) is the most common phrase for 'the left side' or 'the left direction', especially when giving directions. Another similar phrase is 'ດ້ານຊ້າຍ' (dan sai), which also means 'the left side' but might be used slightly more formally or when referring to a specific aspect or surface of something. For most everyday purposes, 'ທາງຊ້າຍ' is preferred.
Specific Directions: ເບື້ອງຊ້າຍ (beuang sai)
'ເບື້ອງ' (beuang) means 'side' or 'direction' and is often used to specify a direction. 'ເບື້ອງຊ້າຍ' (beuang sai) means 'the left side' or 'the left direction'. It's very similar to 'ທາງຊ້າຍ' and often interchangeable in casual conversation when referring to a general direction. Example: 'The entrance is on the left side' - 'ທາງ​ເຂົ້າ​ຢູ່​ເບື້ອງ​ຊ້າຍ' (thang khao yu beuang sai).

Turn left at the traffic light.

Referring to the Left Hand
When referring to the left hand specifically, you would say 'ມື​ຊ້າຍ' (meu sai). Here, 'ມື' (meu) means 'hand', and 'ຊ້າຍ' specifies it as the left one. This is a direct application of the adjective 'ຊ້າຍ' to a noun.
Left Side of the Body
Similarly, for the left side of the body, you might use terms like 'ຂາ​ຊ້າຍ' (kha sai - left leg) or 'ແຂນ​ຊ້າຍ' (khaen sai - left arm). The adjective 'ຊ້າຍ' directly modifies the noun for the body part.

The bank is on the left of the post office.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

1

ໄປ​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ.

Go left.

'ໄປ' (pai) means 'to go'. 'ທາງ' (thang) means 'way' or 'direction'. 'ຊ້າຍ' (sai) means 'left'.

2

ນີ້​ແມ່ນ​ມື​ຊ້າຍ.

This is the left hand.

'ນີ້' (ni) means 'this'. 'ແມ່ນ' (maen) is a copula verb (like 'is'). 'ມື' (meu) means 'hand'.

3

ລ້ຽວ​ຊ້າຍ.

Turn left.

'ລ້ຽວ' (liao) means 'to turn'.

4

ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ.

On the left.

'ຢູ່' (yu) means 'at' or 'on'.

5

ປະ​ຕູ​ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ.

The door is on the left.

'ປະ​ຕູ' (patoo) means 'door'.

6

ຖື​ປຶ້ມ​ດ້ວຍ​ມື​ຊ້າຍ.

Hold the book with the left hand.

'ຖື' (theu) means 'to hold'. 'ດ້ວຍ' (duay) means 'with'.

7

ຂ້ອຍ​ມີ​ຕີນ​ຊ້າຍ.

I have a left foot.

'ຂ້ອຍ' (khoy) means 'I'. 'ມີ' (mi) means 'to have'. 'ຕີນ' (tin) means 'foot'.

8

ໄປ​ກົງ, ແລ້ວ​ລ້ຽວ​ຊ້າຍ.

Go straight, then turn left.

'ກົງ' (gong) means 'straight'. 'ແລ້ວ' (laeo) means 'then'.

1

ໂຮງ​ຮຽນ​ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ຂອງ​ສວນ​ສາ​ທາ​ລະ​ນະ.

The school is on the left of the park.

'ໂຮງ​ຮຽນ' (hong hian) means 'school'. 'ສວນ​ສາ​ທາ​ລະ​ນະ' (suan satharana) means 'park'.

2

ກະລຸນາ​ຈອດ​ລົດ​ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ.

Please park the car on the left.

'ກະລຸນາ' (kaluna) means 'please'. 'ຈອດ​ລົດ' (jot rot) means 'to park a car'.

3

ລາວ​ຂຽນ​ດ້ວຍ​ມື​ຊ້າຍ.

He/She writes with the left hand.

'ຂຽນ' (khian) means 'to write'.

4

ຫ້ອງ​ນ້ຳ​ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ມື.

The restroom is on the left side.

'ຫ້ອງ​ນ້ຳ' (hong nam) means 'restroom'.

5

ຂ້ອຍ​ເຈັບ​ແຂນ​ຊ້າຍ.

My left arm hurts.

'ເຈັບ' (jep) means 'to hurt'.

6

ໄປ​ຕາມ​ທາງ​ນີ້​ແລ້ວ​ລ້ຽວ​ຊ້າຍ.

Follow this road and then turn left.

'ຕາມ' (tam) means 'to follow'.

7

ຮ້ານ​ອາຫານ​ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ຂອງ​ຫໍ​ສະ​ໝຸດ.

The restaurant is to the left of the library.

'ຮ້ານ​ອາຫານ' (han ahan) means 'restaurant'. 'ຫໍ​ສະ​ໝຸດ' (ho samut) means 'library'.

8

ກະລຸນາ​ວາງ​ມັນ​ຢູ່​ເບື້ອງ​ຊ້າຍ.

Please place it on the left side.

'ວາງ' (wang) means 'to place'. 'ເບື້ອງ' (beuang) means 'side/direction'.

1

ຫຼັງ​ຈາກ​ໄປ​ຮອດ​ສີ່​ແຍກ, ທ່ານ​ຕ້ອງ​ລ້ຽວ​ຊ້າຍ.

After reaching the intersection, you must turn left.

'ຫຼັງ​ຈາກ' (lang jak) means 'after'. 'ຮອດ' (hot) means 'to reach'. 'ສີ່​ແຍກ' (si yaek) means 'intersection'. 'ທ່ານ' (than) means 'you' (formal).

2

ຮູບ​ພາບ​ທີ່​ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ຂອງ​ຂ້ອຍ​ແມ່ນ​ເປັນ​ຮູບ​ຄອບຄົວ.

The picture on my left is a family photo.

'ຮູບ​ພາບ' (rup pap) means 'picture'. 'ຄອບຄົວ' (khop khua) means 'family'.

3

ຂ້ອຍ​ບໍ່​ຄ່ອຍ​ຖະໜັດ​ໃຊ້​ມື​ຊ້າຍ.

I am not very proficient with my left hand.

'ບໍ່​ຄ່ອຍ' (bo khoy) means 'not very'. 'ຖະໜັດ' (thanat) means 'proficient/skilled'.

4

ຂະ​ບວນ​ລົດ​ໄຟ​ແລ່ນ​ໄປ​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ.

The train is running to the left.

'ຂະ​ບວນ​ລົດ​ໄຟ' (khabuan rot fai) means 'train'. 'ແລ່ນ' (laen) means 'to run'.

5

ກະລຸນາ​ຊີ້​ບອກ​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ໃຫ້​ຂ້ອຍ​ແດ່.

Please point me to the left.

'ຊີ້​ບອກ' (si bok) means 'to point out'.

6

ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ຂອງ​ຖະໜົນ​ມີ​ຮ້ານ​ກາ​ເຟ​ແຫ່ງ​ໜຶ່ງ.

There is a coffee shop on the left side of the road.

'ຖະໜົນ' (thanon) means 'road'. 'ຮ້ານ​ກາ​ເຟ' (han ka fe) means 'coffee shop'.

7

ລາວ​ເອົາ​ກະ​ແຈ​ໃສ່​ໃນ​ກະ​ເປ๋า​ເບື້ອງ​ຊ້າຍ.

He/She put the keys in the left pocket.

'ເອົາ' (ao) means 'to take/put'. 'ກະ​ແຈ' (kaje) means 'keys'. 'ກະ​ເປ๋า' (kapao) means 'pocket'.

8

ທ່ານ​ຈະ​ພົບ​ຫໍ​ສະ​ໝຸດ​ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ຫຼັງ​ຈາກ​ລ້ຽວ​ສອງ​ເທື່ອ.

You will find the library on the left after turning twice.

'ພົບ' (phop) means 'to find'.

1

ການ​ອອກ​ແບບ​ຂອງ​ອາຄານ​ນີ້​ມີ​ຄວາມ​ໂດດ​ເດັ່ນ​ໃນ​ສ່ວນ​ທີ່​ເປັນ​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ.

The architectural design of this building is notable for its left section.

'ການ​ອອກ​ແບບ' (kan ok baep) means 'design'. 'ອາຄານ' (akhan) means 'building'. 'ໂດດ​ເດັ່ນ' (dot den) means 'notable/outstanding'.

2

ໃນ​ການ​ແຂ່ງ​ຂັນ​ກິ​ລາ, ນັກ​ກິ​ລາ​ຄົນ​ນີ້​ໄດ້​ຮັບ​ບາດ​ເຈັບ​ທີ່​ຂາ​ຊ້າຍ.

In the sports competition, this athlete suffered an injury to their left leg.

'ການ​ແຂ່ງ​ຂັນ​ກິ​ລາ' (kan khaeng khan kila) means 'sports competition'. 'ນັກ​ກິ​ລາ' (nak kila) means 'athlete'. 'ບາດ​ເຈັບ' (bat jep) means 'injured'.

3

ການ​ເດີນ​ທາງ​ໄປ​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ຂອງ​ແມ່ນ​້ຳ​ນັ້ນ​ແມ່ນ​ເປັນ​ເສັ້ນ​ທາງ​ທີ່​ສວຍ​ງາມ.

Traveling along the left bank of that river is a beautiful route.

'ແມ່ນ​້ຳ' (maen nam) means 'river'. 'ເສັ້ນ​ທາງ' (senthang) means 'route'. 'ສວຍ​ງາມ' (suay ngam) means 'beautiful'.

4

ຜູ້​ບັນ​ລະ​ยาย​ໄດ້​ອະ​ທິ​ບາຍ​ການ​ເຄື່ອນ​ໄຫວ​ຂອງ​ວັດ​ຖຸ​ໄປ​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ.

The narrator explained the movement of the object to the left.

'ຜູ້​ບັນ​ລະ​ยาย' (phu banlalai) means 'narrator'. 'ອະ​ທິ​ບາຍ' (athibai) means 'to explain'. 'ການ​ເຄື່ອນ​ໄຫວ' (kan khuean khai) means 'movement'. 'ວັດ​ຖຸ' (watthu) means 'object'.

5

ທ່ານ​ຕ້ອງ​ເລືອກ​ເສັ້ນ​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ເພື່ອ​ໄປ​ເຖິງ​ຈຸດ​ໝາຍ​ປາຍ​ທາງ.

You must choose the left path to reach the destination.

'ເລືອກ' (leuak) means 'to choose'. 'ຈຸດ​ໝາຍ​ປາຍ​ທາງ' (jut mai pai thang) means 'destination'.

6

ການ​ຈັດ​ວາງ​ສິ່ງ​ຂອງ​ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ຂອງ​ຫ້ອງ​ເຮັດ​ໃຫ້​ຮູ້ສຶກ​ເບົາ​ສະບາຍ.

The arrangement of things on the left side of the room creates a comfortable feeling.

'ຈັດ​ວາງ' (jat wang) means 'to arrange'. 'ຮູ້ສຶກ' (hu suek) means 'to feel'. 'ເບົາ​ສະ​ບາຍ' (bao sabai) means 'comfortable'.

7

ນັກ​ສິ​ລະ​ປິນ​ໄດ້​ໃຊ້​ສີ​ເຂັ້ມ​ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ຂອງ​ຜ້າ​ໃບ.

The artist used dark colors on the left of the canvas.

'ນັກ​ສິ​ລະ​ປິນ' (nak silapin) means 'artist'. 'ສີ​ເຂັ້ມ' (si khem) means 'dark color'. 'ຜ້າ​ໃບ' (pha bai) means 'canvas'.

8

ການ​ປ່ຽນ​ແປງ​ໃນ​ທິດ​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ແມ່ນ​ເປັນ​ສັນ​ຍານ​ທີ່​ໜ້າ​ເປັນ​ຫ່ວງ.

The change in direction to the left is a worrying sign.

'ການ​ປ່ຽນ​ແປງ' (kan plian plaeng) means 'change'. 'ທິດ​ທາງ' (thit thang) means 'direction'. 'ສັນ​ຍານ' (sanyan) means 'sign'. 'ໜ້າ​ເປັນ​ຫ່ວງ' (na pen huang) means 'worrying'.

1

ການ​ວິ​ເຄາະ​ສະ​ຖາ​ນະ​ການ​ເມືອງ​ຊີ້​ໃຫ້​ເຫັນ​ເຖິງ​ການ​ປ່ຽນ​ແປງ​ທີ່​ອາດ​ເກີດ​ຂຶ້ນ​ທາງ​ດ້ານ​ຊ້າຍ.

The analysis of the political situation indicates potential shifts to the left.

'ວິ​ເຄາະ' (vikho) means 'to analyze'. 'ສະ​ຖາ​ນະ​ການ​ເມືອງ' (sathana kan mueang) means 'political situation'. 'ຊີ້​ໃຫ້​ເຫັນ​ເຖິງ' (si hai hen thueng) means 'indicates'. 'ອາດ​ເກີດ​ຂຶ້ນ' (at koet khuen) means 'potential'.

2

ນັກ​ປະ​ຫວັດ​ສາດ​ໄດ້​ໂຕ້​ແຍ້ງ​ວ່າ​ການ​ພັດ​ທະ​ນາ​ຂອງ​ອົງ​ການ​ນີ້​ແມ່ນ​ຂະ​ຫຍາຍ​ອອກ​ໄປ​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ.

Historians argue that the development of this organization has expanded to the left.

'ນັກ​ປະ​ຫວັດ​ສາດ' (nak prawatsat) means 'historian'. 'ໂຕ້​ແຍ້ງ' (to yaeng) means 'to argue'. 'ການ​ພັດ​ທະ​ນາ' (kan phatthana) means 'development'. 'ອົງ​ການ' (ongkan) means 'organization'. 'ຂະ​ຫຍາຍ​ອອກ​ໄປ' (khayai ok pai) means 'to expand'.

3

ການ​ນຳ​ໃຊ້​ສີ​ຟ້າ​ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ຂອງ​ຮູບ​ແມ່ນ​ເພື່ອ​ສ້າງ​ຄວາມ​ຮູ້ສຶກ​ຂອງ​ຄວາມ​ໂດດ​ດ່ຽວ.

The use of blue on the left of the painting is intended to evoke a sense of solitude.

'ສີ​ຟ້າ' (si fa) means 'blue color'. 'ເພື່ອ' (phuea) means 'in order to'. 'ສ້າງ​ຄວາມ​ຮູ້ສຶກ' (sang khwam hu suek) means 'to create a feeling'. 'ໂດດ​ດ່ຽວ' (dot diao) means 'solitude'.

4

ການ​ປ່ຽນ​ແປງ​ນະ​ໂຍ​ບາຍ​ນີ້​ໄດ້​ເຮັດ​ໃຫ້​ການ​ຈັດ​ວາງ​ທາງ​ດ້ານ​ຊ້າຍ​ຂອງ​ສັງ​ຄົມ​ມີ​ຄວາມ​ສັບ​ສົນ​ຂຶ້ນ.

This policy change has complicated the arrangement on the left side of society.

'ນະ​ໂຍ​ບາຍ' (nayobai) means 'policy'. 'ສັງ​ຄົມ' (sangkhom) means 'society'. 'ສັບ​ສົນ' (sap son) means 'complicated'.

5

ການ​ສັງ​ເກດ​ການ​ຂະ​ຫຍາຍ​ຕົວ​ຂອງ​ພາກ​ສ່ວນ​ຊ້າຍ​ຂອງ​ເສດ​ຖະ​ກິດ​ແມ່ນ​ສິ່ງ​ສຳ​ຄັນ.

Observing the growth of the left sector of the economy is important.

'ການ​ສັງ​ເກດ​ການ' (kan sangket kan) means 'observing'. 'ເສດ​ຖະ​ກິດ' (setthakit) means 'economy'. 'ພາກ​ສ່ວນ' (phak suan) means 'sector'.

6

ນັກ​ວິ​ຈານ​ໄດ້​ຊີ້​ໃຫ້​ເຫັນ​ວ່າ​ການ​ນຳ​ສະ​ເໜີ​ໃນ​ພາກ​ສ່ວນ​ຊ້າຍ​ຂອງ​ການ​ສະ​ແດງ​ແມ່ນ​ອ່ອນ​ແອ.

Critics pointed out that the presentation in the left part of the show was weak.

'ນັກ​ວິ​ຈານ' (nak wijan) means 'critic'. 'ການ​ນຳ​ສະ​ເໜີ' (kan nam sanoe) means 'presentation'. 'ການ​ສະ​ແດງ' (kan sadaeng) means 'show/performance'. 'ອ່ອນ​ແອ' (on ae) means 'weak'.

7

ການ​ປ່ຽນ​ແປງ​ຂອງ​ຈຸດ​ສຸມ​ໄປ​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ໄດ້​ສົ່ງ​ຜົນ​ກະ​ທົບ​ຕໍ່​ການ​ຮັບ​ຮູ້​ຂອງ​ຜູ້​ຊົມ.

The shift of focus to the left has impacted the audience's perception.

'ຈຸດ​ສຸມ' (jut sum) means 'focus'. 'ສົ່ງ​ຜົນ​ກະ​ທົບ​ຕໍ່' (song phon kathop tor) means 'to impact'. 'ການ​ຮັບ​ຮູ້' (kan rap hu) means 'perception'.

8

ການ​ປະ​ເມີນ​ຜົນ​ຂອງ​ເບື້ອງ​ຊ້າຍ​ຂອງ​ເອກ​ສານ​ນີ້​ແມ່ນ​ມີ​ຄວາມ​ສຳ​ຄັນ​ໃນ​ການ​ຕັດ​ສິນ​ໃຈ.

The evaluation of the left side of this document is important for decision-making.

'ການ​ປະ​ເມີນ​ຜົນ' (kan pamen phon) means 'evaluation'. 'ເອກ​ສານ' (eksan) means 'document'. 'ຕັດ​ສິນ​ໃຈ' (tatsinchai) means 'to make a decision'.

1

ການ​ວິ​ເຄາະ​ທາງ​ດ້ານ​ທິດ​ສະ​ດີ​ຊີ້​ໃຫ້​ເຫັນ​ວ່າ​ການ​ເຄື່ອນ​ໄຫວ​ຂອງ​ພາກ​ສ່ວນ​ຫົວ​ກ້າວ​ໜ້າ​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ແມ່ນ​ມີ​ຄວາມ​ສຳ​ຄັນ​ຕໍ່​ການ​ປ່ຽນ​ແປງ​ທາງ​ສັງ​ຄົມ.

Theoretical analysis suggests that the movement of the progressive left is crucial for social change.

'ທິດ​ສະ​ດີ' (thitsadi) means 'theory'. 'ຫົວ​ກ້າວ​ໜ້າ' (hua kao na) means 'progressive'. 'ສັງ​ຄົມ' (sangkhom) means 'society'.

2

ນັກ​ຄົ້ນ​ຄວ້າ​ໄດ້​ສຶກ​ສາ​ການ​ປະ​ຕິ​ບັດ​ທາງ​ດ້ານ​ການ​ເມືອງ​ທີ່​ອ້າງ​ອີງ​ໃສ່​ຫຼັກ​ການ​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ.

Researchers have studied political practices based on left-wing principles.

'ນັກ​ຄົ້ນ​ຄວ້າ' (nak khon khua) means 'researcher'. 'ການ​ປະ​ຕິ​ບັດ' (kan patibat) means 'practice'. 'ອ້າງ​ອີງ​ໃສ່' (ang ing sai) means 'based on'. 'ຫຼັກ​ການ' (lak kan) means 'principle'.

3

ການ​ໃຊ້​ຊ່ອງ​ວ່າງ​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ໃນ​ການ​ອອກ​ແບບ​ແມ່ນ​ມີ​ຈຸດ​ປະ​ສົງ​ເພື່ອ​ເນັ້ນ​ໜັກ​ໃສ່​ຈຸດ​ສຸມ​ຫຼັກ.

The utilization of negative space on the left in the design is intended to emphasize the main focal point.

'ຊ່ອງ​ວ່າງ' (chong wang) means 'space'. 'ການ​ອອກ​ແບບ' (kan ok baep) means 'design'. 'ຈຸດ​ປະ​ສົງ' (jut pasong) means 'purpose'. 'ເນັ້ນ​ໜັກ​ໃສ່' (nen nak sai) means 'to emphasize'.

4

ການ​ປ່ຽນ​ແປງ​ຂອງ​ທ່າ​ອ່ຽງ​ໃນ​ຕະ​ຫຼາດ​ການ​ເງິນ​ໄດ້​ສະ​ແດງ​ໃຫ້​ເຫັນ​ການ​ເຄື່ອນ​ໄຫວ​ໄປ​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ​ຢ່າງ​ມີ​ນัย​ສຳ​ຄັນ.

The shift in financial market trends has shown a significant movement to the left.

'ທ່າ​ອ່ຽງ' (tha iang) means 'trend'. 'ຕະ​ຫຼາດ​ການ​ເງິນ' (talat kangkan ngoen) means 'financial market'. 'ສະ​ແດງ​ໃຫ້​ເຫັນ' (sadaeng hai hen) means 'to show'. 'ຢ່າງ​ມີ​ນัย​ສຳ​ຄັນ' (yang mi nai samkhan) means 'significantly'.

5

ນັກ​ສິ​ລະ​ປິນ​ໄດ້​ໃຊ້​ເຕັກ​ນິກ​ການ​ແຕ້ມ​ຮູບ​ແບບ​ໃໝ່​ໃນ​ການ​ນຳ​ສະ​ເໜີ​ດ້ານ​ຊ້າຍ​ຂອງ​ຜົນ​ງານ.

The artist employed novel painting techniques in the presentation of the left side of the artwork.

'ເຕັກ​ນິກ' (tek nik) means 'technique'. 'ການ​ແຕ້ມ​ຮູບ​ແບບ​ໃໝ່' (kan taem hup baep mai) means 'novel painting technique'. 'ຜົນ​ງານ' (phon ngan) means 'artwork'.

6

ການ​ວິ​ເຄາະ​ການ​ແຈກ​ຢາຍ​ຂອງ​ພົນ​ລະ​ເມືອງ​ໃນ​ພາກ​ພື້ນ​ນີ້​ຊີ້​ໃຫ້​ເຫັນ​ຄວາມ​ໜາ​ແໜ້ນ​ສູງ​ຢູ່​ທາງ​ຊ້າຍ.

Analysis of the population distribution in this region indicates high density on the left.

'ການ​ແຈກ​ຢາຍ' (kan jaek yai) means 'distribution'. 'ພົນ​ລະ​ເມືອງ' (phonlamueang) means 'population'. 'ພາກ​ພື້ນ' (phak phuen) means 'region'. 'ຄວາມ​ໜາ​ແໜ້ນ' (khwam na naen) means 'density'.

7

ການ​ປັບ​ປຸງ​ໂຄງ​ສ້າງ​ພື້ນ​ຖານ​ໄດ້​ສົ່ງ​ເສີມ​ການ​ພັດ​ທະ​ນາ​ຂອງ​ເຂດ​ຊ້າຍ​ຂອງ​ນະ​ຄອນ.

The infrastructure improvements have promoted the development of the city's left-hand districts.

'ການ​ປັບ​ປຸງ' (kan pap pung) means 'improvement'. 'ໂຄງ​ສ້າງ​ພື້ນ​ຖານ' (khongsang phuen than) means 'infrastructure'. 'ສົ່ງ​ເສີມ' (song soem) means 'to promote'. 'ເຂດ' (khet) means 'district'.

8

ການ​ຕີ​ຄວາມ​ໝາຍ​ຂອງ​ສັນ​ຍາ​ລັກ​ທາງ​ດ້ານ​ຊ້າຍ​ແມ່ນ​ມີ​ຄວາມ​ສຳ​ຄັນ​ຢ່າງ​ຍິ່ງ​ໃນ​ການ​ສຶກ​ສາ​ວັດ​ທະ​ນະ​ທຳ.

The interpretation of the symbols on the left is of utmost importance in cultural studies.

'ການ​ຕີ​ຄວາມ​ໝາຍ' (kan ti khwam mai) means 'interpretation'. 'ສັນ​ຍາ​ລັກ' (sanyalak) means 'symbol'. 'ຢ່າງ​ຍິ່ງ' (yang ying) means 'utmost/extremely'.

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