At the A1 level, you usually learn basic words like '害怕' (hàipà - to be afraid). '惊恐' (jīngkǒng) is a more advanced way to express fear. Think of it as 'super scared' or 'scared and shocked.' You might see it in simple stories or hear it in dramatic cartoons. It's a noun that describes the feeling of terror. For example, if you see a big monster, you might feel '惊恐.' Even though it's an A2 word, knowing it early helps you understand more descriptive stories. Remember that '惊' means a surprise shock, and '恐' means fear. Together, they make a very strong word for being terrified.
At the A2 level, you are expanding your vocabulary to include more descriptive emotions. '惊恐' is a great word to use instead of just '害怕' when you want to sound more like a native speaker describing a scary situation. It translates to 'terror' or 'panic.' You can use it to describe how someone looks: '惊恐的表情' (a terrified expression). You will often see it in sentences like '他感到惊恐' (He felt terrified). It's important to know that this word is usually for sudden, intense fear, not just being a little bit worried about something like homework.
At the B1 level, you should start noticing the difference between '惊恐' and its synonyms like '惊慌' (jīnghuāng - panic/flustered). '惊恐' focuses more on the deep emotion of terror itself, while '惊慌' focuses on the chaotic actions that come from being scared. You can use '惊恐' in more complex sentence structures, such as '充满惊恐' (filled with terror) or '陷入惊恐' (to fall into a state of panic). This word is common in news reports about accidents or in literature to describe a character's internal state during a crisis. It adds a more formal and serious tone to your descriptions.
At the B2 level, you can use '惊恐' to describe not just individual fear but societal reactions. For example, '股市崩盘引发了投资者的惊恐' (The stock market crash triggered investor panic). You should also be comfortable using idioms related to this word, such as '惊恐万状' (extremely terrified). At this level, you understand that '惊恐' is often used as a literary device to create atmosphere. You can distinguish between the noun form (the state of terror) and the adjective form (terrified) and use them accurately with the correct particles like '地' and '的'.
At the C1 level, you appreciate the stylistic nuances of '惊恐.' You recognize it as a word that evokes a visceral, almost physical response. It is frequently used in psychological thrillers or sophisticated news commentary to describe deep-seated alarm. You can analyze how '惊恐' functions in a text to signal a shift in power or a moment of vulnerability for a character. You also know how to use it in formal writing to describe collective psychological states, and you can compare it precisely with other high-level terms like '悚然' (sǒngrán - horrified) or '战栗' (zhànlì - trembling with fear).
At the C2 level, you have a complete mastery of '惊恐' and its place in the Chinese lexicon. You understand its etymological roots and how its usage has evolved in modern Mandarin. You can use it effortlessly in creative writing to build tension, using it to modify subtle aspects of behavior or environment. You can discuss the philosophical implications of '惊恐' in existential literature or its use in political rhetoric to describe public alarm. Your usage is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker, utilizing the word in both its literal and metaphorical senses with perfect precision and flair.

惊恐 في 30 ثانية

  • 惊恐 (jīngkǒng) means terror or panic, combining surprise (惊) and fear (恐).
  • It is a formal word used to describe sudden, intense emotional reactions to threats.
  • Commonly used as a noun (感到惊恐) or an adjective (惊恐的眼神).
  • It is more literary and powerful than the basic word 害怕 (hàipà).
The Chinese word 惊恐 (jīngkǒng) is a powerful term that captures a specific intersection of surprise and deep-seated fear. To understand this word, we must look at its component characters: 惊 (jīng), which relates to being startled or shocked, and 恐 (kǒng), which refers to terror or dread. When combined, they describe a state of alarm or panic that is often visible to others. Unlike the more general word for fear, 恐惧 (kǒngjù), which can describe a long-term phobia or an abstract dread, 惊恐 is typically reactive. It is the immediate, visceral response to a sudden threat, a shocking revelation, or a terrifying sight. In English, we might translate it as 'terror,' 'panic,' or 'alarm,' but it specifically emphasizes the 'startled' nature of the fear.
Visual Manifestation
惊恐 is often used to describe facial expressions or bodily reactions. You will frequently see it paired with '眼神' (yǎnshén - expression in one's eyes) or '神情' (shénqíng - look/expression). When someone is in a state of 惊恐, their eyes might be wide, their breath shallow, and their movements erratic.

他的脸上露出了惊恐的神色,仿佛看到了什么可怕的东西。 (A look of terror appeared on his face, as if he had seen something terrible.)

Usage in Narrative
In literature and news reporting, 惊恐 is used to describe the reaction of a crowd to a sudden disaster, such as an earthquake or a fire. It conveys a sense of chaos and lack of control. It describes the collective panic that ensues when safety is suddenly compromised.

人群在突如其来的爆炸声中陷入了惊恐。 (The crowd fell into panic amidst the sudden sound of the explosion.)

Psychological Depth
Psychologically, 惊恐 represents the 'freeze' or 'flight' part of the stress response. It is a noun that describes the state itself, but it can also function as an adjective to describe the nature of a feeling or a cry. When you use this word, you are highlighting the intensity and the suddenness of the emotion.

深夜里,一声惊恐的尖叫打破了宁静。 (In the middle of the night, a terrified scream broke the silence.)

Using 惊恐 correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as a noun or an adjective. As a noun, it often follows verbs like '感到' (gǎndào - to feel), '充满' (chōngmǎn - to be full of), or '陷入' (xiànrù - to fall into). As an adjective, it directly modifies nouns like '表情' (biǎoqíng - expression) or '目光' (mùguāng - gaze).
Verb + 惊恐
When describing someone experiencing the emotion, use a verb of state. '感到惊恐' is the most common way to say 'to feel terrified.' It implies the internal state of the person.

当他发现自己迷路时,心中感到无比惊恐。 (When he found himself lost, he felt an immense sense of panic in his heart.)

惊恐 + Noun
To describe the appearance of terror, use 惊恐 as a modifier. This is very common in descriptive writing. It helps create a vivid image of the character's reaction without needing lengthy explanations.

她用惊恐的眼神盯着那扇紧闭的门。 (She stared at the closed door with terrified eyes.)

Resultative Usage
You can also use 惊恐 to describe the result of an action. For example, '惊恐万状' (jīngkǒng wànzhuàng) is an idiom meaning to be extremely terrified, literally 'terror in ten thousand forms.'

消息传开后,全城的人都变得惊恐不安。 (After the news spread, the whole city became panicked and uneasy.)

惊恐地后退了几步。 (He retreated a few steps in terror.)

You will encounter 惊恐 in various settings, ranging from daily news to high-stakes cinematic moments. In the news, it is often used to describe the public's reaction to natural disasters, economic crashes, or safety threats. For instance, a headline might read '股市大跌引发投资者惊恐' (Stock market crash triggers investor panic). In this context, it emphasizes a lack of rational thought and a rush to escape a negative situation.
News and Journalism
Journalists use this word to add emotional weight to a story. It isn't just that people were 'scared'; they were in a state of 惊恐, which suggests a higher level of intensity and potential for chaos.

面对突如其来的洪水,村民们眼中满是惊恐。 (Facing the sudden flood, the villagers' eyes were full of terror.)

Movies and Literature
In novels, particularly in the horror or thriller genres, 惊恐 is a staple. Authors use it to describe the visceral reaction of a protagonist when they encounter the antagonist or a supernatural element. It helps the reader feel the same sense of urgency and dread.

电影中的主角发出了惊恐的叫声。 (The protagonist in the movie let out a terrified cry.)

Everyday Conversation
While less common than '害怕' (hàipà) in casual speech, you might hear someone use it when recounting a particularly scary story. '我当时真的惊恐万分' (I was really terrified at that time) adds a level of dramatic flair to the story.

那个鬼故事让他感到非常惊恐。 (That ghost story made him feel very terrified.)

别用那种惊恐的眼神看着我,我只是开个玩笑。 (Don't look at me with those terrified eyes, I'm just joking.)

One of the most common mistakes learners make with 惊恐 is confusing it with other words for 'fear' or 'scare.' Because Chinese has a rich vocabulary for emotions, choosing the wrong word can change the tone of your sentence significantly.
Confusing with 害怕 (hàipà)
害怕 is the general word for 'scared.' It can be used as a verb taking an object: '我害怕他' (I am afraid of him). 惊恐, however, is a state or a description. You cannot say '我惊恐他.' You must say '他让我感到惊恐' (He makes me feel terrified).

Incorrect: 我惊恐黑。 (I terror dark.)
Correct: 我害怕黑暗。 (I am afraid of the dark.)
Correct: 黑暗让我感到惊恐。 (The darkness makes me feel terrified.)

Confusing with 惊慌 (jīnghuāng)
惊慌 emphasizes the loss of composure and the 'panic' aspect—running around not knowing what to do. 惊恐 emphasizes the deep 'terror' or 'alarm' felt internally. While they often happen together, 惊慌 is more about the outward chaotic behavior, while 惊恐 is more about the intense emotion.
Using it for Minor Fears
惊恐 is a high-intensity word. If you use it to describe being slightly worried about a test or a small spider, you will sound overly dramatic. Reserve 惊恐 for situations that involve genuine alarm or life-threatening terror.

Overly Dramatic: 我对明天的考试感到惊恐。 (I feel terror toward tomorrow's exam.)
Better: 我对明天的考试感到担心。 (I am worried about tomorrow's exam.)

Appropriate: 看到大火蔓延,他的眼神中充满了惊恐。 (Seeing the fire spread, his eyes were filled with terror.)

To master the use of 惊恐, it is helpful to compare it with its synonyms and see where it fits on the spectrum of fear. Chinese has many words for fear, each with a slightly different flavor.
惊恐 vs. 恐惧 (kǒngjù)
恐惧 is a broader term for 'fear' or 'dread.' It can be abstract (fear of death, fear of failure) and long-lasting. 惊恐 is more specific to a sudden, startling event. You feel 恐惧 toward a concept, but you feel 惊恐 at a sudden noise in the dark.
惊恐 vs. 惊慌 (jīnghuāng)
As mentioned before, 惊慌 is 'panic' or 'flustered.' It focuses on the lack of order and the confused actions of the person. If a person is 惊慌, they are running around. If they are 惊恐, they are deeply terrified, possibly even paralyzed by that fear.

他在火灾中表现得很惊慌,找不到出口。 (He acted very panicky in the fire and couldn't find the exit.)

惊恐 vs. 害怕 (hàipà)
害怕 is the most common, colloquial word. It is versatile and can be used for everything from a small bug to a scary movie. 惊恐 is more literary and intense. Use 害怕 for daily life and 惊恐 for dramatic or serious situations.

小孩子很害怕打雷。 (Little children are very afraid of thunder.)

惊恐 vs. 胆怯 (dǎnqiè)
胆怯 means 'timid' or 'cowardly.' It describes a personality trait or a lack of courage in a specific moment (like being too shy to speak). It does not involve the sudden alarm or terror that 惊恐 does.

惊恐地睁大了眼睛。 (He widened his eyes in terror.)

How Formal Is It?

حقيقة ممتعة

The character 惊 (jīng) in its traditional form (驚) has a horse (馬) underneath, showing how central horses were to the ancient Chinese understanding of being 'startled' or 'shocked.'

دليل النطق

UK /dʒɪŋ kʰʊŋ/
US /dʒɪŋ kʰʊŋ/
The stress is balanced, but the third tone on 'kǒng' often makes it feel more emphasized in a sentence.
يتقافى مع
明 (míng) 听 (tīng) 静 (jìng) 情 (qíng) 中 (zhōng) 红 (hóng) 动 (dòng) 空 (kōng)
أخطاء شائعة
  • Pronouncing 'jīng' as 'zhīng' (retroflex sound).
  • Missing the aspiration on the 'k' in 'kǒng'.
  • Failing to perform the full falling-rising third tone on 'kǒng'.
  • Pronouncing the 'ng' as a separate 'n' and 'g' sound.
  • Confusing the first tone of 'jīng' with the second tone.

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 3/5

The characters are somewhat complex but common in literature.

الكتابة 4/5

Writing '惊' and '恐' requires attention to stroke order and radicals.

التحدث 2/5

The pronunciation is straightforward once tones are mastered.

الاستماع 3/5

Can be confused with '惊慌' or '恐惧' in fast speech.

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

害怕

تعلّم لاحقاً

恐惧 惊慌 震惊 慌张 恐怖

متقدم

悚然 战栗 惶恐 惊悸 忐忑

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Using '地' for adverbs

他惊恐地看着我。

Using '的' for adjectives

他有惊恐的表情。

Psychological verbs with '感到'

我感到很惊恐。

The '使/让' causative structure

这个消息让他感到惊恐。

Noun phrases with '充满'

他的眼中充满惊恐。

أمثلة حسب المستوى

1

他很惊恐。

He is very terrified.

Basic subject + adverb + adjective/noun state.

2

看到大狗,他感到惊恐。

Seeing the big dog, he felt terrified.

Using '感到' (to feel) before the emotion.

3

不要惊恐。

Don't panic.

Simple imperative sentence using '不要' (don't).

4

她的眼神很惊恐。

Her eyes are very terrified.

Describing a specific body part (eyes) with the state.

5

森林里有惊恐的声音。

There is a terrified sound in the forest.

Using '惊恐' to modify '声音' (sound).

6

他惊恐地大叫。

He screamed in terror.

Using '地' to turn '惊恐' into an adverb.

7

小猫感到很惊恐。

The kitten felt very terrified.

Subject + felt + very + emotion.

8

这是一个惊恐的夜晚。

This is a terrifying night.

Using '惊恐的' to describe the noun '夜晚' (night).

1

听到那个消息,他脸上露出了惊恐。

Hearing that news, terror appeared on his face.

Using '露出了' (to reveal/show) with the noun.

2

面对火灾,大家都很惊恐。

Facing the fire, everyone was terrified.

Using '面对' (facing) to set the context.

3

他惊恐地看着那个怪物。

He looked at that monster in terror.

Adverbial usage with '地'.

4

这种惊恐的感觉很难受。

This feeling of terror is very uncomfortable.

Using '惊恐' as a modifier for '感觉' (feeling).

5

他试图掩饰内心的惊恐。

He tried to hide the terror in his heart.

Using '掩饰' (to hide/mask) with '内心的惊恐'.

6

惊恐让他的手不停地抖。

Terror made his hands shake non-stop.

Using '惊恐' as the subject of the sentence.

7

她惊恐地跑出了房间。

She ran out of the room in terror.

Adverb + Verb + Directional complement.

8

由于惊恐,他一句话也说不出来。

Due to terror, he couldn't say a word.

Using '由于' (due to) to show cause.

1

突如其来的地震让全城陷入了惊恐。

The sudden earthquake threw the whole city into panic.

Using the '让...陷入' (make... fall into) structure.

2

她眼中闪过一丝惊恐的神色。

A hint of terror flashed in her eyes.

Using '闪过一丝' (a flash of a tiny bit) for subtle description.

3

面对未知的危险,人类往往会感到惊恐。

Facing unknown dangers, humans often feel terrified.

Generalizing a state with '往往' (often).

4

他那惊恐的叫声在空旷的走廊里回荡。

His terrified cry echoed in the empty corridor.

Using '回荡' (to echo/reverberate) with the subject.

5

警察试图安抚惊恐的民众。

The police tried to calm the terrified public.

Using '安抚' (to soothe/comfort) with the object.

6

他无法摆脱那种如影随形的惊恐。

He couldn't get rid of that terror that followed him like a shadow.

Using the idiom '如影随形' (like a shadow) to modify '惊恐'.

7

在那场事故之后,他一直生活在惊恐之中。

After that accident, he has been living in terror.

Using '生活在...之中' (living in the midst of).

8

电影通过音效成功地营造了惊恐的气氛。

The movie successfully created a terrifying atmosphere through sound effects.

Using '营造' (to create/construct) an atmosphere.

1

恐怖分子的威胁在社会上引起了极大的惊恐。

The threat of terrorists caused great panic in society.

Using '引起' (to cause/trigger) with a social impact.

2

他惊恐万状地向警察描述了那个杀手的样子。

In extreme terror, he described the killer's appearance to the police.

Using the four-character idiom '惊恐万状' (extremely terrified).

3

这种传染病的蔓延让人们陷入了无助的惊恐。

The spread of this infectious disease plunged people into helpless panic.

Combining '无助' (helpless) with '惊恐'.

4

他的作品深刻地揭示了现代人内心的惊恐与焦虑。

His work deeply reveals the inner terror and anxiety of modern people.

Using '揭示' (to reveal/unveil) for abstract concepts.

5

在惊恐的驱使下,他做出了一个错误的决定。

Driven by terror, he made a wrong decision.

Using '在...的驱使下' (driven by...).

6

那场战争给当地居民留下了长久的惊恐阴影。

That war left a long-lasting shadow of terror on the local residents.

Using '阴影' (shadow) metaphorically.

7

面对海啸,那种惊恐是言语无法形容的。

Facing a tsunami, that kind of terror is beyond words.

Using '言语无法形容' (beyond description by words).

8

他试图通过深呼吸来平复心中的惊恐。

He tried to calm the terror in his heart through deep breathing.

Using '平复' (to calm down/settle).

1

这种极端的政治环境引发了知识分子阶层的普遍惊恐。

This extreme political environment triggered widespread alarm among the intellectual class.

Using '普遍' (widespread) and '阶层' (class).

2

他在自传中详细描述了那种被禁锢时的惊恐心理。

In his autobiography, he described in detail the psychology of terror when being imprisoned.

Using '惊恐心理' (psychology of terror).

3

这种惊恐并非源于具体的威胁,而是一种存在主义的焦虑。

This terror does not stem from a specific threat, but rather an existential anxiety.

Using '源于' (stem from) and '存在主义' (existentialism).

4

他在演说中利用民众的惊恐来推行他的激进政策。

In his speech, he exploited the public's panic to push his radical policies.

Using '利用' (to exploit/make use of).

5

惊恐在人群中迅速蔓延,像瘟疫一样不可收拾。

Terror spread rapidly through the crowd, as uncontrollable as a plague.

Using a simile '像...一样'.

6

他那充满惊恐的辩解在确凿的证据面前显得苍白无力。

His terrified defense seemed pale and weak in the face of conclusive evidence.

Using '苍白无力' (pale and weak/ineffective).

7

这种潜伏在日常生活背后的惊恐,才是最令人心碎的。

This terror lurking behind everyday life is what's truly heartbreaking.

Using '潜伏' (to lurk/hide).

8

他以一种近乎惊恐的审慎处理着这件昂贵的古董。

He handled this expensive antique with a caution that bordered on terror.

Using '近乎' (bordering on/close to).

1

该史诗巨作通过宏大的叙事,勾勒出战争带给全人类的深重惊恐。

The epic masterpiece, through a grand narrative, outlines the profound terror that war brings to all humanity.

Using '勾勒' (to outline/sketch) and '深重' (profound/heavy).

2

这种惊恐感已内化为他性格的一部分,使其终日如履薄冰。

This sense of terror has been internalized as part of his character, making him feel as if he were walking on thin ice all day.

Using '内化' (internalize) and the idiom '如履薄冰'.

3

面对宇宙的浩瀚与自身的渺小,他心中油然而生一种敬畏交织的惊恐。

Facing the vastness of the universe and his own insignificance, a sense of terror intertwined with awe arose spontaneously in his heart.

Using '油然而生' (to arise spontaneously) and '交织' (intertwined).

4

导演巧妙地运用光影的明暗对比,将角色内心的惊恐具象化了。

The director skillfully used the contrast of light and shadow to externalize the character's inner terror.

Using '具象化' (to concrete/externalize).

5

他的笔触中透着一种对时代动荡的深切惊恐,读来令人震撼。

His brushstrokes reveal a deep terror of the era's turmoil, which is shocking to read.

Using '透着' (to reveal/show through).

6

在这种极度的惊恐状态下,感官的敏锐度被无限放大。

In this state of extreme terror, the sharpness of the senses is infinitely magnified.

Using '敏锐度' (sharpness/sensitivity) and '放大' (magnify).

7

惊恐作为一种原始本能,在人类文明的进程中扮演了复杂的角色。

Terror, as a primitive instinct, has played a complex role in the process of human civilization.

Using '原始本能' (primitive instinct) and '扮演角色' (play a role).

8

他那试图掩盖惊恐的强颜欢笑,反而更让人感到不安。

His forced smile, which tried to cover up his terror, actually made people feel even more uneasy.

Using '强颜欢笑' (to force a smile when unhappy/scared).

تلازمات شائعة

感到惊恐
充满惊恐
惊恐的神色
惊恐万状
陷入惊恐
极度惊恐
惊恐不安
惊恐的叫声
掩饰惊恐
引发惊恐

العبارات الشائعة

神情惊恐

— To have a terrified look on one's face. Used in descriptive writing.

他神情惊恐地指着窗外。

惊恐万分

— To be extremely terrified. '万分' adds a multiplier to the intensity.

得知真相后,她惊恐万分。

内心惊恐

— Internal terror or panic. Describes the feeling inside.

虽然外表平静,但他内心惊恐。

惊恐失措

— To be so terrified that one doesn't know what to do. Similar to 'panic-stricken'.

孩子在人群中走失,惊恐失措。

莫名惊恐

— Inexplicable terror. Fear without a clear reason.

他突然感到一阵莫名的惊恐。

惊恐的目光

— Terrified gaze. Describes the look in someone's eyes.

他用惊恐的目光注视着对手。

由于惊恐

— Because of terror. Used to explain an action or state.

由于惊恐,他全身发抖。

面带惊恐

— With terror on one's face. A formal way to describe appearance.

他面带惊恐地跑进办公室。

一阵惊恐

— A wave or burst of terror. Describes a sudden feeling.

一阵惊恐袭上他的心头。

惊恐不已

— To be endlessly terrified. '不已' means 'not stopping'.

看到那一幕,他惊恐不已。

يُخلط عادةً مع

惊恐 vs 惊慌

Focuses on the lack of order and panicky actions.

惊恐 vs 恐惧

Focuses on the general or abstract feeling of fear.

惊恐 vs 害怕

Common, informal word for being scared.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"惊恐万状"

— Extremely terrified; scared out of one's wits. Literally 'terror in ten thousand forms'.

听到爆炸声,路人惊恐万状。

Formal/Literary
"惊恐失色"

— To turn pale with fright. Literally 'to lose color from terror'.

他惊恐失色,半天说不出话来。

Literary
"担惊受恐"

— To live in a state of constant fear and anxiety.

那段日子,他整天担惊受恐。

Neutral
"惊恐不安"

— Terrified and uneasy. A very common descriptive phrase.

战争让平民感到惊恐不安。

Neutral
"心有余悸"

— To have a lingering fear after a scary event. While not using the word '惊恐', it's related to the aftermath of it.

想起那次车祸,他仍然心有余悸。

Neutral
"毛骨悚然"

— To make one's hair stand on end; absolutely horrifying.

那个恐怖故事听得我毛骨悚然。

Literary
"胆战心惊"

— Trembling with fear; very much afraid.

他胆战心惊地走过那座破旧的木桥。

Neutral
"惊魂未定"

— Still shaken up after a scare; haven't recovered from the shock yet.

虽然已经安全了,但他依然惊魂未定。

Neutral
"魂飞魄散"

— Scared out of one's mind; extremely frightened. Literally 'soul and spirit fly away'.

看到毒蛇,他吓得魂飞魄散。

Literary
"提心吊胆"

— To be on edge; to have one's heart in one's mouth.

他整天提心吊胆,生怕被老板发现错误。

Neutral

سهل الخلط

惊恐 vs 惊慌

Both involve '惊' and describe panic.

惊慌 is more about being flustered and acting without a plan. 惊恐 is the deep terror itself.

他惊慌地到处乱跑,因为他感到十分惊恐。

惊恐 vs 恐惧

Both mean 'fear' or 'terror'.

恐惧 is a broader, more abstract noun. 惊恐 is more for sudden, reactive terror.

他对死亡感到恐惧,但此时此刻他正处于惊恐之中。

惊恐 vs 惊吓

Both relate to being startled.

惊吓 is the act of being scared by something (often external). 惊恐 is the resulting state.

他受到了严重的惊吓,现在依然感到惊恐。

惊恐 vs 胆怯

Both involve fear.

胆怯 is about being timid or lacking courage. It's often a personality trait.

他性格胆怯,所以一点点响声都会让他感到惊恐。

惊恐 vs 震惊

Both involve '惊' (surprise/shock).

震惊 is mainly about being shocked or surprised, not necessarily afraid.

听到这个好消息,他感到震惊,而不是惊恐。

أنماط الجُمل

A2

S + 感到 + 惊恐

他感到惊恐。

A2

S + 惊恐 + 地 + V

她惊恐地跑了。

B1

S + 脸上 + 露出 + 惊恐

他脸上露出惊恐。

B1

S + 陷入 + 惊恐 + 之中

城市陷入惊恐之中。

B2

充满 + 惊恐 + 的 + N

充满惊恐的眼神。

B2

S + 惊恐万状

他当时惊恐万状。

C1

引发 + 普遍 + 惊恐

这引发了普遍惊恐。

C2

在...的驱使下 + 惊恐

在惊恐的驱使下...

عائلة الكلمة

الأسماء

恐慌 (kǒnghuāng) - panic
恐怖 (kǒngbù) - terror/horror
恐惧 (kǒngjù) - fear

الأفعال

惊吓 (jīngxià) - to frighten
恐吓 (kǒnghè) - to threaten/intimidate
震惊 (zhènjīng) - to shock

الصفات

惊人 (jīngrén) - astonishing
可怕 (kěpà) - scary
恐怕 (kǒngpà) - afraid that/likely

مرتبط

惊慌
惊奇
害怕
担心
忧虑

كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

Common in written Chinese and formal broadcasts; moderate in daily speech.

أخطاء شائعة
  • Using 惊恐 as a direct verb. 使用 '感到惊恐' 或 '让...惊恐'。

    You cannot say '我惊恐你'. You must say '你让我感到惊恐'.

  • Confusing it with 震惊. 使用 '惊恐' 表示害怕,'震惊' 表示惊讶。

    震惊 (zhènjīng) is for shock/surprise, which can be positive or negative. 惊恐 is always about fear.

  • Forgetting the '地' for adverbs. 他惊恐地看着。

    Without '地', the sentence '他惊恐看着' is grammatically incorrect in modern Mandarin.

  • Using it for trivial matters. 使用 '害怕' 或 '担心'。

    Saying '我对作业感到惊恐' is too dramatic. Use '害怕' or '担心' instead.

  • Confusing 惊恐 and 惊慌. 根据语境选择。

    If you are describing someone running around in a mess, use 惊慌. If you are describing their deep fear, use 惊恐.

نصائح

Use with '眼神'

One of the most natural ways to use 惊恐 is to describe someone's eyes. '惊恐的眼神' is a very common and descriptive phrase.

Connect with '惊'

Remember other '惊' words like 惊喜 (pleasant surprise) and 震惊 (shock) to see how the 'startle' meaning changes with different characters.

Adverbial '地'

If you want to say someone did something 'in terror,' always add '地' after 惊恐. Example: 他惊恐地跑了。

Show, Don't Tell

Instead of just saying 'he was scared,' use '他的脸上露出了惊恐' to create a more vivid image for the reader.

Formal Contexts

In formal speeches or news reports, 惊恐 is preferred over 害怕 to maintain a serious tone.

The Third Tone

Make sure to drop and then raise your voice for 'kǒng.' It helps convey the depth of the emotion.

Listen for '陷入'

When you hear '陷入' (fall into), the next word is often a state like '惊恐' or '麻烦'.

Intense Fear

Reserve 惊恐 for things that are truly alarming. Using it for small things makes you sound like you are overreacting.

Learn '惊恐万状'

This is a great idiom to use in B2+ exams to show off your vocabulary range.

Radical Check

Look at the '心' (heart) in 恐. It reminds you that this is a deep internal feeling.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Think of 'Jing' as a 'Jingle' that startles you, and 'Kong' as 'King Kong' who is terrifying. A jingle startles you, King Kong terrifies you: 惊恐 (Jing-Kong) is terror from a shock.

ربط بصري

Imagine a person with their hands on their cheeks like the famous painting 'The Scream' by Edvard Munch. That visual perfectly represents the state of 惊恐.

Word Web

害怕 恐惧 惊慌 心跳 尖叫 发抖 危险 报警

تحدٍّ

Try to describe a scene from a horror movie using the word 惊恐 at least three times. Focus on the eyes, the voice, and the atmosphere.

أصل الكلمة

The word 惊恐 is composed of two ancient characters. 惊 (jīng) originally depicted a horse being startled, hence the 'horse' radical (马) on the left side in traditional Chinese (驚). 恐 (kǒng) contains the 'heart' radical (心) at the bottom, indicating it is an internal emotional state of fear.

المعنى الأصلي: To be startled and fearful, like a horse reacting to a sudden movement.

Sino-Tibetan / Chinese

السياق الثقافي

Be careful when using 惊恐 to describe people's reactions to sensitive social or political issues, as it can imply a lack of stability.

In English, we might use 'panic' more frequently in casual conversation than '惊恐' is used in casual Chinese. '惊恐' is slightly more formal.

The movie 'The Scream' (惊声尖叫) uses a related term. Classical Chinese poetry often uses 惊 to describe birds being startled by a traveler. Modern Chinese news often uses 惊恐 to describe the aftermath of natural disasters.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

Natural Disasters

  • 地震引发惊恐
  • 人们陷入惊恐
  • 惊恐的民众
  • 消除惊恐

Horror Movies/Stories

  • 惊恐的尖叫
  • 充满惊恐的眼神
  • 感到极度惊恐
  • 惊恐的气氛

Financial Markets

  • 投资者惊恐
  • 引发市场惊恐
  • 惊恐性抛售
  • 惊恐情绪

Personal Experiences

  • 内心感到惊恐
  • 掩饰不住惊恐
  • 一阵惊恐袭来
  • 惊恐地后退

Medical/Psychological

  • 惊恐发作
  • 惊恐障碍
  • 治疗惊恐
  • 惊恐症状

بدايات محادثة

"你曾经在什么时候感到过极度惊恐?"

"看恐怖片的时候,你会感到惊恐吗?"

"如果你在森林里迷路了,你会感到惊恐吗?"

"你觉得什么样的事情最让人感到惊恐?"

"当别人感到惊恐时,你会如何安抚他们?"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

描述一次你感到惊恐的经历,当时发生了什么?你的身体有什么反应?

写一段关于一个深夜在废弃房屋里感到惊恐的角色。

讨论惊恐和勇气之间的关系。你认为没有惊恐能有勇气吗?

分析媒体是如何利用‘惊恐’来吸引观众注意力的。

想象一个没有‘惊恐’的世界,人类的生活会变成什么样?

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

It can be both. As a noun, it means 'terror' (e.g., 感到惊恐). As an adjective, it means 'terrified' (e.g., 惊恐的眼神). In Chinese, the line between these parts of speech is often fluid depending on the sentence structure.

No, that is incorrect. Unlike '害怕', '惊恐' is not usually used as a transitive verb. You should say '我害怕蜘蛛' or '蜘蛛让我感到惊恐'.

惊恐 (jīngkǒng) emphasizes the intense feeling of terror and alarm. 惊慌 (jīnghuāng) emphasizes the state of being flustered, panicky, and disorganized in one's actions. For example, if you are 惊慌, you might run the wrong way during a fire.

Use 惊恐 for more intense, serious, or literary situations. If you're describing a character in a book or a news report about a disaster, 惊恐 is better. For daily things like being afraid of a small insect, 害怕 is more natural.

Yes, it describes an unpleasant state of fear and alarm. It is never used for positive surprises.

Yes, the character '惊' (jīng) specifically refers to being startled or surprised. So, 惊恐 usually describes fear that comes on suddenly and unexpectedly.

You can say '不要惊恐' or '别惊恐.' However, in common speech, '别惊慌' or '别害怕' might be more frequent depending on the situation.

Yes, it usually implies wide eyes, a pale face, and perhaps an open mouth—the classic 'terrified' look.

It is a four-character idiom that means to be extremely terrified, literally 'terror in ten thousand forms.' It's a high-level way to emphasize the intensity of the fear.

Yes, you can use it to describe an animal that has been startled and is terrified, like a horse or a dog.

اختبر نفسك 200 أسئلة

writing A2

Translate to Chinese: 'He looked at me in terror.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing B1

Translate to Chinese: 'The eyes were full of terror.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing A2

Write a sentence using '感到惊恐'.

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صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing A2

Write a sentence using '惊恐地'.

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صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing B1

Translate to Chinese: 'The crowd fell into panic.'

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صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing A2

Write a sentence using '惊恐的表情'.

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صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing B1

Translate to Chinese: 'I don't know why I feel terrified.'

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صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing B2

Write a sentence using '惊恐万状'.

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صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing B2

Translate to Chinese: 'The movie created a terrifying atmosphere.'

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صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing A2

Write a sentence describing a character's reaction to a monster using 惊恐.

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صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing A2

Translate to Chinese: 'Don't be terrified.'

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صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing B1

Write a sentence using '充满惊恐'.

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صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing B2

Translate to Chinese: 'Due to terror, his voice was shaking.'

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صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing B1

Write a sentence about an earthquake using 惊恐.

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صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing C1

Translate to Chinese: 'A wave of terror came over him.'

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صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing A2

Write a short dialogue where one person is 惊恐.

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صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing B2

Translate to Chinese: 'He tried to hide his inner terror.'

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صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing B1

Write a sentence using '惊恐万分'.

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صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing B1

Translate to Chinese: 'A terrified cry came from the forest.'

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صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing B2

Write a sentence about a stock market crash using 惊恐.

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صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking A1

Pronounce '惊恐' out loud.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking A2

Say 'I feel terrified' in Chinese.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking A2

Say 'Don't panic' in Chinese using '惊恐'.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking A2

Say 'terrified eyes' in Chinese.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking A2

Describe a scary scene using '惊恐'.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking A2

Say 'He ran away in terror' in Chinese.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking A1

Explain the meaning of '惊' in English.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking A1

Explain the meaning of '恐' in English.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking B2

Use '惊恐万状' in a sentence.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking A2

Say 'full of terror' in Chinese.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking B2

Say 'He turned pale with terror' in Chinese.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking A2

Ask someone 'Why are you terrified?' in Chinese.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking B1

Say 'a wave of terror' in Chinese.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking B1

Say 'inner terror' in Chinese.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking A2

Say 'terrified cry' in Chinese.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking B1

Explain the difference between 害怕 and 惊恐.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking B1

Say 'terrified public' in Chinese.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking A2

Say 'due to terror' in Chinese.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking B1

Say 'extremely terrified' in Chinese.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking A2

Tell a 1-sentence story about a ghost using 惊恐.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening A1

Listen to the word: 'jīngkǒng'. What is the English meaning?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening A2

Listen: 'Tā gǎndào jīngkǒng.' How does he feel?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening A2

Listen: 'Jīngkǒng de yǎnshén.' What is being described?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening A2

Listen: 'Bùyào jīngkǒng.' What is the instruction?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening A2

Listen: 'Tā jīngkǒng de dàjiào.' What did the person do?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening B1

Listen: 'Xiànrù jīngkǒng.' What state did they fall into?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening B2

Listen: 'Jīngkǒng wànzhuàng.' How intense is the fear?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening B1

Listen: 'Nèixīn de jīngkǒng.' Where is the terror?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening B1

Listen: 'Yīzhèn jīngkǒng.' What kind of feeling is it?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening B1

Listen: 'Jīngkǒng bù'ān.' How are they feeling besides terrified?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening B1

Listen: 'Yǐnfā jīngkǒng.' What happened to the terror?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening B1

Listen: 'Jīngkǒng de qìfèn.' What kind of atmosphere is it?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening A2

Listen: 'Tā jīngkǒng dì hòutuì.' What did he do?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening A2

Listen: 'Chōngmǎn jīngkǒng.' What is the state?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening B2

Listen: 'Yǎnshì jīngkǒng.' What is the person trying to do?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:

/ 200 correct

Perfect score!

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