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B2 noun #7,000 am häufigsten 9 Min. Lesezeit

اِجْتِهَاد

ijtihad
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At the A1 level, you can think of 'Ijtihad' as a special word for 'hard work.' In Arabic, when you want to say someone is a good student, you say they have 'ijtihad.' It is like saying they try very hard in school. You might hear a teacher say 'Ijtihad!' to the class to encourage them to finish their coloring or writing. It is a positive word. You don't need to worry about the complicated legal meanings yet. Just remember: Ijtihad = Hard Work. It is often used with the word 'Jidd' (seriousness). Together, 'Jidd wa Ijtihad' means you are doing your very best. Even at this early stage, knowing this word helps you understand how much Arabic culture values learning and effort.
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At the A2 level, you start to use 'Ijtihad' in simple sentences to describe your daily routine or your studies. You can say 'Ana adrusu bi-ijtihad' (I study with diligence). You will notice that it is a noun, and to describe a person, you use 'Mujtahid' (diligent). For example, 'Ali talib mujtahid' (Ali is a diligent student). This is a great way to expand your descriptions of people. You might also see it in short stories about successful people. The focus here is on the connection between 'ijtihad' (the effort) and 'najah' (success). You should practice using it with the preposition 'bi' (with) to describe how you do your homework or your job.
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By B1, you should understand that 'Ijtihad' is more than just 'working hard'; it's about the *quality* of the effort. It's the kind of effort that leads to progress. You will encounter it in more formal texts, like news articles about students who won awards or employees who got promoted. You'll also start to see it in phrases like 'ijtihad shakhsi' (personal effort/initiative). At this level, you can begin to distinguish it from other words like 'amal' (work) or 'su'al' (effort). 'Ijtihad' implies a goal-oriented, serious application of one's mind. You should be able to write a short paragraph about your own 'ijtihad' in learning Arabic and how it has helped you reach your current level.
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At the B2 level, the technical meaning of 'Ijtihad' becomes important. You are now expected to understand its role in Islamic law and intellectual history. You will read texts that discuss the 'Gate of Ijtihad' and how scholars use their minds to solve modern problems. In a secular context, you'll see it used to describe scientific research and professional innovation. You should be able to use it in arguments, such as 'Ijtihad is necessary for the development of society.' You'll also learn more complex collocations, like 'bathala qusara ijtihadihi' (he exerted the utmost of his diligence). This level requires you to handle the word's abstract and concrete applications with confidence.
At the C1 level, you explore the nuances of 'Ijtihad' in academic and philosophical discourse. You will analyze how the concept of 'Ijtihad' differs from 'Taqlid' (blind imitation) and how this tension has shaped Middle Eastern history. You'll use the word to discuss hermeneutics, legal theory, and the evolution of social norms. Your usage should be precise—distinguishing between 'Ijtihad Fiqhi' (jurisprudential) and 'Ijtihad Fikri' (intellectual). You should be able to participate in a debate about whether the 'Gate of Ijtihad' was ever truly closed and what that means for modern Islamic thought. At this stage, the word is a tool for deep cultural and historical analysis.
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At the C2 level, 'Ijtihad' is a concept you can deconstruct and reconstruct in various disciplines. You understand its etymological roots in the Form VIII 'if-ti-al' pattern and how that affects its meaning of 'self-exertion.' You can use it metaphorically in high literature or poetry. You are aware of the subtle differences in how 'Ijtihad' is used in different Arabic-speaking regions and across different centuries of text. You can write sophisticated essays on the role of 'Ijtihad' in modernizing legal systems or its psychological impact on the concept of the 'self-made' individual in Arab society. You handle the word with the same nuance as a native-speaking scholar or professional.
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اِجْتِهَاد in 30 Sekunden

  • Ijtihad is the Arabic word for diligence and hard work, essential for success in education and career.
  • It comes from the root J-H-D, which relates to struggle and exertion of maximum effort.
  • In Islamic law, it specifically refers to independent intellectual reasoning used by scholars to derive rulings.
  • It is a highly positive term that implies initiative, seriousness, and continuous striving toward excellence.

The term اِجْتِهَاد (Ijtihad) is a profound Arabic noun derived from the triliteral root ج-ه-د (j-h-d), which fundamentally signifies the exertion of effort, struggle, or physical and mental labor. In modern standard Arabic, it is the primary word for 'diligence,' 'industriousness,' and 'hard work,' particularly in the context of academic pursuits or professional responsibilities. When you see a student staying up late to master a difficult subject, you are witnessing ijtihad. However, the word carries a significant second layer of meaning within the realm of Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh). In this specialized context, it refers to the process of making a legal decision by independent interpretation of the legal sources, the Quran and the Sunnah. This dual nature makes the word essential for both daily conversation and scholarly discourse.

Academic Context
In schools and universities, teachers praise students for their ijtihad, meaning their consistent effort and dedication to their studies. It is the opposite of laziness (kasal).
Legal and Religious Context
In Islamic law, an 'unrestricted' scholar (Mujtahid) performs ijtihad to derive rulings for new issues that are not explicitly covered in traditional texts, requiring deep intellectual exertion.
Professional Life
In a workplace, ijtihad implies going above and beyond the basic requirements of a job, showing initiative and meticulousness in one's tasks.

بِفَضْلِ اِجْتِهَادِهِ المُسْتَمِرِّ، حَصَلَ الطَّالِبُ عَلَى المَرْكَزِ الأَوَّلِ.
Thanks to his continuous diligence, the student achieved first place.

يَتَطَلَّبُ هَذَا المَشْرُوعُ الكَثِيرَ مِنَ الاِجْتِهَادِ وَالصَّبْرِ.
This project requires a lot of diligence and patience.

Historically, the 'Gate of Ijtihad' is a famous concept in Islamic history, referring to the period when scholars debated whether independent reasoning should continue or if all legal questions had been answered. This demonstrates that the word is not just about physical effort, but the highest level of mental and spiritual application. Whether you are describing a scientist researching a cure or a calligrapher perfecting a stroke, ijtihad captures the essence of human striving toward excellence. It suggests a proactive, rather than reactive, approach to life's challenges. In a sentence, it often functions as the subject or a complement to verbs of success and achievement. Understanding this word provides a window into the value placed on perseverance in Arabic-speaking cultures.

فَتَحَ العُلَمَاءُ بَابَ الاِجْتِهَادِ لِمُوَاجَهَةِ التَّحَدِّيَاتِ المُعَاصِرَةِ.
Scholars opened the door of independent reasoning to face contemporary challenges.

كُلُّ نَجَاحٍ هُوَ ثَمَرَةُ الاِجْتِهَادِ.
Every success is the fruit of diligence.

Using اِجْتِهَاد correctly requires understanding its grammatical role as a verbal noun (Masdar). It is frequently used in the construct state (Idafa) or with prepositions to describe how an action is performed. One of the most common constructions is بِكُلِّ اجْتِهَاد (with all diligence), which functions as an adverbial phrase to describe a person's work ethic. It can also be the subject of a sentence, especially when discussing the causes of success or the requirements of a task. In formal writing, it is often paired with adjectives like مُسْتَمِر (continuous) or شَخْصِي (personal/independent).

As a Subject
الاِجْتِهَادُ مِفْتَاحُ النَّجَاحِ. (Diligence is the key to success.) Here, it acts as the 'Mubtada' (subject) in a nominal sentence.
In an Adverbial Phrase
يَعْمَلُ المُوَظَّفُونَ بِاجْتِهَادٍ كَبِيرٍ. (The employees work with great diligence.) The preposition 'bi' turns the noun into a description of the manner of work.
In Legal Contexts
هَذَا الحُكْمُ نَاتِجٌ عَنِ اجْتِهَادٍ فِقْهِيٍّ. (This ruling is the result of jurisprudential reasoning.) Here, it specifies the type of intellectual process used.

عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَدْرُسَ بِاجْتِهَادٍ لِتَنْجَحَ فِي الاِمْتِحَانِ.
You must study with diligence to succeed in the exam.

أَثْنَى المُدِيرُ عَلَى اجْتِهَادِ الفَرِيقِ فِي إِتْمَامِ المَهَمَّةِ.
The manager praised the team's diligence in completing the mission.

When speaking, you can use the word to encourage others. Saying مَزِيداً مِنَ الاِجْتِهَاد (More diligence!) is a common way to tell someone to keep pushing themselves. In academic writing, ijtihad is often contrasted with taqlid (imitation/following tradition blindly). This contrast is vital for B2-C1 learners to understand, as it appears frequently in essays about history, religion, and social reform. To use it naturally, try to pair it with verbs like بَذَلَ (to exert) or أَظْهَرَ (to show/display). For example, بَذَلَ قُصَارَى اجْتِهَادِهِ (He exerted the utmost of his diligence). This demonstrates a high level of fluency and an understanding of Arabic collocations.

لا يُمْكِنُ تَحْقِيقُ الأَهْدَافِ دُونَ اجْتِهَادٍ حَقِيقِيٍّ.
Goals cannot be achieved without real diligence.

You will encounter اِجْتِهَاد in several distinct environments, each emphasizing a different shade of its meaning. In the Arab world, education is highly valued, so the most common place to hear this word is in schools and homes. Parents frequently use it to motivate their children, and teachers include it in report cards and graduation speeches. It carries a positive, honorable connotation, suggesting that the individual is taking their future seriously. In this context, it is synonymous with 'studiousness.'

News and Media
Broadcasters often use the word when reporting on scientific breakthroughs or diplomatic efforts, describing the ijtihad of researchers or negotiators in reaching a solution.
Friday Sermons (Khutbah)
Imams use ijtihad in its religious sense, discussing how modern problems require new legal reasoning while staying true to the principles of faith.
Legal Courtrooms
Judges in countries with Sharia-influenced legal systems may refer to their ijtihad when interpreting a statute that is ambiguous or lacks a direct precedent.

قَالَ المُعَلِّمُ: اِجْتِهَادُكُمْ اليَوْمَ هُوَ نَجَاحُكُمْ غَداً.
The teacher said: Your diligence today is your success tomorrow.

In professional development seminars or corporate workshops across the Middle East, ijtihad is used to describe 'innovation' or 'initiative.' When a manager says, 'We need more ijtihad from the creative team,' they are asking for more than just hard work—they are asking for original thinking and the effort to solve problems independently. This nuances the word beyond simple labor into the realm of 'creative problem solving.' Furthermore, in historical documentaries or literature, you will hear about the 'Era of Ijtihad,' referring to the golden age of Islamic science and law where intellectual inquiry was at its peak.

نَحْنُ بِحَاجَةٍ إِلَى اجْتِهَادٍ جَدِيدٍ فِي هَذِهِ المَسْأَلَةِ.
We need new [legal/intellectual] reasoning regarding this issue.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make with اِجْتِهَاد is confusing it with its related root-mate, جِهَاد (Jihad). While both come from the same root meaning 'to struggle,' they are used in very different contexts. Jihad typically refers to a struggle against an enemy or a spiritual struggle against the self, whereas ijtihad is specifically focused on intellectual effort, study, and legal reasoning. Using jihad when you mean 'hard work in school' would sound very strange and potentially be misunderstood.

Confusing Masdar and Verb
Learners often forget that ijtihad is a noun. To say 'He works hard,' you should use the verb يَجْتَهِدُ (yajtahidu) or the phrase يَعْمَلُ بِاجْتِهَادٍ. Avoid saying 'Huwa ijtihad,' which means 'He is diligence.'
Pronunciation of the 'J'
The 'j' (Jim) should be a soft 'j' as in 'jam,' not a 'y' sound. Some learners influenced by other languages might mispronounce the root.
Preposition Usage
When saying 'diligence in [something],' use the preposition فِي (fi). For example: الاِجْتِهَادُ فِي العَمَلِ (diligence in work). Using 'li' or other prepositions is less common.

Wrong: هُوَ اِجْتِهَاد جِدّاً.
Correct: هُوَ مُجْتَهِدٌ جِدّاً.
Note: Use the active participle 'Mujtahid' (diligent person) to describe a person, not the noun 'Ijtihad.'

Another common error is failing to distinguish between ijtihad and jahd (effort). While jahd is general physical effort, ijtihad implies a sustained, organized, and often intellectual pursuit. If you are lifting a heavy box, you are using jahd. If you are studying for a PhD, you are practicing ijtihad. Finally, ensure you don't confuse ijtihad with ittihad (union/unity), which sounds similar but has a completely different root (w-h-d).

Arabic is rich with synonyms for 'effort' and 'work,' but each has a specific nuance. اِجْتِهَاد is the most formal and academic. If you want to vary your vocabulary, consider these alternatives depending on the context you are in.

جِدّ (Jidd)
Meaning 'seriousness.' It is often used alongside ijtihad in the phrase بِجِدٍّ وَاجْتِهَاد (with seriousness and diligence). It implies a lack of playfulness or distraction.
سَعْي (Sa'y)
Meaning 'striving' or 'pursuit.' It often implies movement toward a goal. While ijtihad is the quality of the work, sa'y is the act of pursuing the result.
مُثَابَرَة (Muthabarah)
Meaning 'perseverance' or 'persistence.' Use this when you want to emphasize that the effort has been going on for a long time despite difficulties.
كَدّ (Kadd)
Meaning 'toil' or 'hard labor.' This is more physical and less intellectual than ijtihad. It’s the word you’d use for someone working in a field or a factory.

يَحْتَاجُ النَّجَاحُ إِلَى مُثَابَرَةٍ طَوِيلَةِ الأَمَدِ.
Success requires long-term perseverance.

When comparing ijtihad to ra'y (opinion), ijtihad is much more rigorous. While ra'y can be a simple personal view, ijtihad must be based on evidence and methodological rigor. In modern business Arabic, you might also hear mubadarah (initiative), which focuses on the start of an action, whereas ijtihad focuses on the quality of the execution. Choosing the right word depends on whether you want to highlight the intellectual depth, the physical exhaustion, the duration, or the seriousness of the person involved.

العَمَلُ بِجِدٍّ يُوصِلُكَ إِلَى القِمَّةِ.
Working with seriousness takes you to the top.

How Formal Is It?

Formell

"يَسْعَى البَاحِثُ لِتَقْدِيمِ اجْتِهَادٍ عِلْمِيٍّ جَدِيدٍ."

Neutral

"الاِجْتِهَادُ مَطْلُوبٌ لِلنَّجَاحِ."

Informell

"شِدْ حِيلَكْ وَرْجِينَا اجْتِهَادَكْ."

Child friendly

"بِالاِجْتِهَادِ، نَصِيرُ أَبْطَالاً!"

Umgangssprache

"مَا شَاءَ الله عَلَى اجْتِهَادَكْ يَا وَحْشْ!"

Wusstest du?

The word 'Ijtihad' and 'Jihad' share the same root. While 'Jihad' became famous globally for its political and spiritual meanings, 'Ijtihad' remained the primary term for intellectual and academic excellence.

Aussprachehilfe

UK /ɪdʒ.tɪˈhɑːd/
US /ɪdʒ.tɪˈhɑːd/
The primary stress is on the last syllable: 'haad'.
Reimt sich auf
I'tiqad (belief) Iqtisad (economy) Istibdad (tyranny) Amjad (glory) Bilad (countries) Awlad (children) Fasad (corruption) Imdad (supply)
Häufige Fehler
  • Pronouncing 'j' as 'y' (like in some European languages).
  • Ignoring the deep 'h' (ح) and using a soft English 'h'.
  • Shortening the long 'aa' vowel.
  • Misplacing the stress on the first syllable.
  • Confusing the 't' with an emphatic 'T' (ط), though it is a soft 't' (ت).

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 3/5

Easy to recognize once the root is known, but legal texts can be dense.

Schreiben 4/5

Requires correct placement of Hamza and long vowels.

Sprechen 3/5

Pronouncing the 'h' (ح) correctly is the main challenge.

Hören 3/5

Can be confused with 'Ittihad' or 'Jihad' if not listening carefully.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

عَمَل دِرَاسَة نَجَاح صَعْب قُوَّة

Als Nächstes lernen

مُثَابَرَة تَقْلِيد فِقْه مَنْهَج إِبْدَاع

Fortgeschritten

اِسْتِنْبَاط قِيَاس أُصُول مَقَاصِد تَجْدِيد

Wichtige Grammatik

The Masdar (Verbal Noun)

اِجْتِهَاد is the Masdar of the verb اِجْتَهَدَ.

Form VIII Verbs

اِفْتَعَلَ pattern often implies intensity or reflexivity.

Adverbial phrases with 'bi'

بِاجْتِهَادٍ acts as an adverb meaning 'diligently'.

Idafa Construction

بَابُ الاِجْتِهَادِ (The gate of ijtihad).

Active Participle (Ism al-Fa'il)

مُجْتَهِد (Mujtahid) is the person doing the ijtihad.

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Beispiele nach Niveau

1

هُوَ يَدْرُسُ بِاجْتِهَادٍ.

He studies with diligence.

Uses 'bi' + noun to form an adverbial phrase.

2

الاِجْتِهَادُ جَيِّدٌ.

Diligence is good.

Simple nominal sentence (Mubtada and Khabar).

3

أَنْتَ طَالِبٌ عِنْدَكَ اجْتِهَادٌ.

You are a student who has diligence.

Noun used as a possession.

4

نَحْنُ نَعْمَلُ بِاجْتِهَادٍ.

We work with diligence.

First person plural verb + prepositional phrase.

5

هَلْ عِنْدَكَ اجْتِهَادٌ فِي المَدْرَسَةِ؟

Do you have diligence in school?

Interrogative sentence structure.

6

أُمِّي تُحِبُّ الاِجْتِهَادَ.

My mother loves diligence.

Noun as a direct object (Maf'ul Bihi).

7

الاِجْتِهَادُ كَبِيرٌ هُنَا.

The diligence is great here.

Adjective 'kabir' modifying the noun.

8

اِقْرَأْ بِاجْتِهَادٍ.

Read with diligence.

Imperative verb + adverbial phrase.

1

الاِجْتِهَادُ فِي الدِّرَاسَةِ يُؤَدِّي إِلَى النَّجَاحِ.

Diligence in study leads to success.

Subject followed by a prepositional phrase and a verb.

2

يَحْتَاجُ العَمَلُ إِلَى كَثِيرٍ مِنَ الاِجْتِهَادِ.

Work needs a lot of diligence.

Verb + 'ila' + 'kathir min' + noun.

3

سَارَة تَعْمَلُ بِكُلِّ اجْتِهَادٍ فِي المَكْتَبِ.

Sara works with all diligence in the office.

Common phrase 'bi-kulli ijtihad'.

4

أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَرَى اجْتِهَادَكَ هَذَا الأُسْبُوعَ.

I want to see your diligence this week.

Possessive suffix attached to the noun.

5

بِدُونِ اجْتِهَادٍ، لَنْ تَتَعَلَّمَ العَرَبِيَّةَ.

Without diligence, you will not learn Arabic.

Preposition 'bidun' (without) used with the noun.

6

هَذَا الوَلَدُ مَعْرُوفٌ بِاجْتِهَادِهِ.

This boy is known for his diligence.

Passive participle 'ma'ruf' followed by 'bi'.

7

الاِجْتِهَادُ مَطْلُوبٌ فِي كُلِّ شَيْءٍ.

Diligence is required in everything.

Noun as subject with a passive predicate.

8

قَضَى سَاعَاتٍ فِي الاِجْتِهَادِ وَالتَّحْضِيرِ.

He spent hours in diligence and preparation.

Noun used in a list of activities.

1

يَجِبُ عَلَيْنَا تَشْجِيعُ الاِجْتِهَادِ بَيْنَ الشَّبَابِ.

We must encourage diligence among the youth.

Noun as the object of a verbal noun 'tashji' (encouraging).

2

أَظْهَرَ العُمَّالُ اجْتِهَاداً وَاضِحاً فِي المَصْنَعِ.

The workers showed clear diligence in the factory.

Noun with an indefinite accusative ending (tanwin fat-ha).

3

كَانَ نَجَاحُهُ نَتِيجَةً لاِجْتِهَادِهِ الشَّخْصِيِّ.

His success was a result of his personal diligence.

Idafa construction followed by an adjective.

4

لا يُمْكِنُكَ الوُصُولُ إِلَى القِمَّةِ بِدُونِ اجْتِهَادٍ مُسْتَمِرٍّ.

You cannot reach the top without continuous diligence.

Adjective 'mustamir' modifying 'ijtihad'.

5

تَمَّ تَكْرِيمُهُ بِسَبَبِ اجْتِهَادِهِ فِي البَحْثِ العِلْمِيِّ.

He was honored because of his diligence in scientific research.

Prepositional phrase 'bi-sabab' followed by Idafa.

6

الاِجْتِهَادُ هُوَ مَا يُمَيِّزُ الطَّالِبَ المُتَفَوِّقَ.

Diligence is what distinguishes the superior student.

Relative clause starting with 'ma'.

7

نَحْنُ نُقَدِّرُ كُلَّ اجْتِهَادٍ تَبْذُلُونَهُ.

We appreciate every effort [diligence] you exert.

Noun followed by a relative verbal clause.

8

الاِجْتِهَادُ فِي طَلَبِ العِلْمِ فَرِيضَةٌ.

Diligence in seeking knowledge is a duty.

Religious/cultural aphorism structure.

1

يُعْتَبَرُ الاِجْتِهَادُ رُكْناً أَسَاسِيّاً فِي الفِقْهِ الإِسْلَامِيِّ.

Ijtihad is considered a fundamental pillar in Islamic jurisprudence.

Passive verb 'yu'tabar' with the noun as the subject.

2

بَذَلَ البَاحِثُ قُصَارَى اجْتِهَادِهِ لِحَلِّ المُعَادَلَةِ.

The researcher exerted the utmost of his diligence to solve the equation.

The superlative 'qusara' in an Idafa with 'ijtihad'.

3

فَتَحَ العُلَمَاءُ بَابَ الاِجْتِهَادِ لِمُوَاجَهَةِ القَضَايَا العَصْرِيَّةِ.

Scholars opened the gate of ijtihad to face contemporary issues.

Metaphorical use of 'bab' (gate) in Idafa.

4

هَذَا القَرَارُ يَتَطَلَّبُ اجْتِهَاداً خَاصّاً مِنَ القَاضِي.

This decision requires special [legal] reasoning from the judge.

Noun used in the sense of 'independent reasoning.'

5

الاِجْتِهَادُ الفِكْرِيُّ ضَرُورِيٌّ لِتَقَدُّمِ الأُمَمِ.

Intellectual diligence is necessary for the progress of nations.

Abstract noun with an identifying adjective.

6

نَجَحَ المَشْرُوعُ بِفَضْلِ اجْتِهَادِ الفَرِيقِ وَتَعَاوُنِهِمْ.

The project succeeded thanks to the team's diligence and cooperation.

Compound Idafa structure.

7

عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَكُونَ صَاحِبَ اجْتِهَادٍ وَرُؤْيَةٍ.

You must be a person of diligence and vision.

Noun used as the second part of 'sahib' (owner/person of).

8

لا يَنْبَغِي إِغْلَاقُ بَابِ الاِجْتِهَادِ فِي وَجْهِ التَّطَوُّرِ.

The gate of ijtihad should not be closed in the face of development.

Complex negative construction with a verbal noun.

1

تَعَدُّدُ الاِجْتِهَادَاتِ الفِقْهِيَّةِ يُغْنِي التُّرَاثَ الإِسْلَامِيَّ.

The multiplicity of jurisprudential reasonings enriches the Islamic heritage.

Plural form 'ijtihadat' used for specific rulings.

2

يَتَمَيَّزُ هَذَا الكَاتِبُ بِاجْتِهَادِهِ فِي تَقْصِي الحَقَائِقِ.

This writer is distinguished by his diligence in investigating facts.

Preposition 'bi' + noun + 'fi' + verbal noun.

3

إِنَّ الاِجْتِهَادَ فِي فَهْمِ النَّصِّ يَتَطَلَّبُ أَدَوَاتٍ لُغَوِيَّةً عَمِيقَةً.

Diligence in understanding the text requires deep linguistic tools.

Emphasis with 'Inna' and complex predicate.

4

يُعَدُّ الاِجْتِهَادُ ضِدَّ التَّقْلِيدِ مَحْوَرَ النَّهْضَةِ العَرَبِيَّةِ.

Ijtihad against imitation is considered the axis of the Arabic Renaissance.

Noun used in a philosophical/historical comparison.

5

بَذَلَتِ الحُكُومَةُ اجْتِهَاداً مَلْمُوساً فِي تَحْسِينِ الاِقْتِصَادِ.

The government exerted a tangible effort in improving the economy.

Adjective 'malmus' (tangible) modifying 'ijtihad'.

6

مَا زَالَ بَابُ الاِجْتِهَادِ مَفْتُوحاً لِمَنْ مَلَكَ أَدَوَاتِهِ.

The gate of ijtihad is still open for those who possess its tools.

Use of 'Ma zala' (still) for continuous state.

7

الاِجْتِهَادُ المَقْرُونُ بِالعَمَلِ هُوَ السَّبِيلُ لِلرُّقِيِّ.

Diligence coupled with action is the way to advancement.

Passive participle 'maqrun' (coupled) used as an adjective.

8

هَذِهِ المَسْأَلَةُ خِلَافِيَّةٌ وَتَحْتَمِلُ الاِجْتِهَادَ.

This issue is controversial and allows for independent reasoning.

Verb 'tahtamil' (to bear/allow) with the noun.

1

تَجَلَّى اجْتِهَادُ الفَلَاسِفَةِ فِي صِيَاغَةِ نَظَرِيَّةٍ شَامِلَةٍ لِلْوُجُودِ.

The diligence of philosophers manifested in formulating a comprehensive theory of existence.

Verb 'tajalla' (to manifest) with noun as subject.

2

إِنَّ إِشْكَالِيَّةَ الاِجْتِهَادِ تكمنُ فِي التَّوَازُنِ بَيْنَ النَّصِّ وَالمَصْلَحَةِ.

The problematic of ijtihad lies in the balance between text and public interest.

Abstract noun 'ishkaliyya' in Idafa with 'ijtihad'.

3

لَمْ يَكُنِ الاِجْتِهَادُ يَوْماً مُجَرَّدَ تَرَفٍ فِكْرِيٍّ، بَلْ ضَرُورَةً وُجُودِيَّةً.

Ijtihad was never merely an intellectual luxury, but an existential necessity.

Negative past 'lam yakun' with complex predicate.

4

يَتَطَلَّبُ الاِجْتِهَادُ المُعَاصِرُ اِنْفِتَاحاً عَلَى العُلُومِ الإِنْسَانِيَّةِ الأُخْرَى.

Contemporary ijtihad requires openness to other human sciences.

Noun with an adjective and a complex object.

5

ارْتَقَى بِاجْتِهَادِهِ إِلَى مَرْتَبَةِ العُلَمَاءِ الرَّاسِخِينَ.

He rose through his diligence to the rank of firmly grounded scholars.

Verb 'artaqa' (to rise) followed by 'bi'.

6

تَعْكِسُ هَذِهِ الدِّرَاسَةُ اجْتِهَاداً مَنْهَجِيّاً فَرِيداً مِنْ نَوْعِهِ.

This study reflects a methodological diligence that is unique in its kind.

Noun with two adjectives and a qualifying phrase.

7

أَفْضَى اجْتِهَادُهُ الدَّؤُوبُ إِلَى كَشْفِ أَسْرَارِ المَخْطُوطَةِ.

His tireless diligence led to uncovering the secrets of the manuscript.

Adjective 'da'ub' (tireless) modifying 'ijtihad'.

8

يُعِيدُ الفِكْرُ الحَدِيثُ قِرَاءَةَ مَفْهُومِ الاِجْتِهَادِ بِمَنْظُورٍ نَقْدِيٍّ.

Modern thought re-reads the concept of ijtihad from a critical perspective.

Noun as part of a complex Idafa object.

Synonyme

مُثَابَرَة جِدّ سَعْي بَذْل

Gegenteile

كَسَل تَهَاوُن تَقْصِير

Häufige Kollokationen

بِكُلِّ اجْتِهَادٍ
بَابُ الاِجْتِهَادِ
بَذَلَ اجْتِهَاداً
اجْتِهَادٌ شَخْصِيٌّ
اجْتِهَادٌ فِقْهِيٌّ
بِجِدٍّ وَاجْتِهَادٍ
ثَمَرَةُ الاِجْتِهَادِ
اجْتِهَادٌ دَؤُوبٌ
مَجَالُ الاِجْتِهَادِ
اجْتِهَادٌ عِلْمِيٌّ

Häufige Phrasen

لِكُلِّ مُجْتَهِدٍ نَصِيبٌ

— Every diligent person gets a share (of success). Hard work always pays off.

لا تَحْزَنْ، فَلِكُلِّ مُجْتَهِدٍ نَصِيبٌ.

بِفَضْلِ اجْتِهَادِكَ

— Thanks to your diligence. Used to credit someone for their success.

وَصَلْنَا إِلَى هُنَا بِفَضْلِ اجْتِهَادِكَ.

مَزِيداً مِنَ الاِجْتِهَادِ

— More diligence! An encouragement to keep working hard.

أَحْسَنْتَ، وَلَكِنْ نُرِيدُ مَزِيداً مِنَ الاِجْتِهَادِ.

اجْتِهَادٌ فِي غَيْرِ مَحَلِّهِ

— Misplaced diligence. Effort spent on the wrong thing.

ضَاعَ وَقْتُهُ فِي اجْتِهَادٍ فِي غَيْرِ مَحَلِّهِ.

فَتْحُ آفَاقِ الاِجْتِهَادِ

— Opening the horizons of reasoning. Encouraging new thinking.

يَجِبُ فَتْحُ آفَاقِ الاِجْتِهَادِ لِلشَّبَابِ.

اجْتِهَادٌ مَشْكُورٌ

— A thanked/appreciated effort. A polite way to acknowledge someone's work.

هَذَا اجْتِهَادٌ مَشْكُورٌ مِنْكَ.

بِقَدْرِ الاِجْتِهَادِ يَكُونُ النَّجَاحُ

— Success is proportional to diligence.

تَذكَّرْ أَنَّهُ بِقَدْرِ الاِجْتِهَادِ يَكُونُ النَّجَاحُ.

عُرِفَ بِالاِجْتِهَادِ

— He was known for diligence. Describing someone's reputation.

عُرِفَ بَيْنَ زُمَلَائِهِ بِالاِجْتِهَادِ.

اجْتِهَادٌ لَا يَتَوَقَّفُ

— Non-stop diligence. Describing relentless effort.

يَعْمَلُ بِاجْتِهَادٍ لَا يَتَوَقَّفُ.

طَرِيقُ الاِجْتِهَادِ

— The path of diligence. Referring to the journey of hard work.

طَرِيقُ الاِجْتِهَادِ صَعْبٌ لَكِنَّهُ مُثْمِرٌ.

Wird oft verwechselt mit

اِجْتِهَاد vs جِهَاد

Jihad refers to struggle/fighting; Ijtihad refers to diligence/reasoning.

اِجْتِهَاد vs اِتِّحَاد

Ittihad means union or federation; it sounds similar but has a different root (W-H-D).

اِجْتِهَاد vs إِجْهَاد

Ijhad means stress, fatigue, or exhaustion (negative), while Ijtihad is positive effort.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"بَذَلَ قُصَارَى اجْتِهَادِهِ"

— To do one's absolute best; to give 100%.

بَذَلَ قُصَارَى اجْتِهَادِهِ لِيُسْعِدَ عَائِلَتَهُ.

Formal
"سَهَرَ اللَّيَالِيَ بِاجْتِهَادٍ"

— To burn the midnight oil with diligence.

سَهَرَ اللَّيَالِيَ بِاجْتِهَادٍ لِيُنْهِيَ رِسَالَتَهُ.

Literary
"اجْتِهَادٌ يَهُدُّ الجِبَالَ"

— Effort that can move/break mountains (immense effort).

لَدَيْهِ اجْتِهَادٌ يَهُدُّ الجِبَالَ فِي طَلَبِ الرِّزْقِ.

Informal/Poetic
"لَا نَجَاحَ بِدُونِ اجْتِهَادٍ"

— No success without diligence (universal truth).

آمِنْ بِأَنَّهُ لَا نَجَاحَ بِدُونِ اجْتِهَادٍ.

Neutral
"الاِجْتِهَادُ مِفْتَاحُ الكُنُوزِ"

— Diligence is the key to treasures.

يَقُولُ الحُكَمَاءُ: الاِجْتِهَادُ مِفْتَاحُ الكُنُوزِ.

Poetic
"مَنْ جَدَّ وَجَدَ"

— He who strives, finds (success). (Root-related idiom).

تَذَكَّرْ دَائِماً: مَنْ جَدَّ وَجَدَ.

Proverb
"بَابُ الاِجْتِهَادِ مَفْتُوحٌ"

— The door is open for reasoning/effort (anyone can try).

بَابُ الاِجْتِهَادِ مَفْتُوحٌ لِكُلِّ مَنْ يُرِيدُ التَّطَوُّرَ.

Formal
"اجْتِهَادٌ يُشَارُ إِلَيْهِ بِالبَنَانِ"

— Diligence that is pointed at with fingers (highly notable).

قَدَّمَ اجْتِهَاداً يُشَارُ إِلَيْهِ بِالبَنَانِ فِي مَشْرُوعِهِ.

Formal
"لِكُلِّ مُجْتَهِدٍ نَصِيبٌ"

— Every striver has a share. (Very common proverb).

لا تَقْلَقْ، فَلِكُلِّ مُجْتَهِدٍ نَصِيبٌ.

Proverb
"يَحْرِثُ فِي أَرْضِ الاِجْتِهَادِ"

— To plow in the field of diligence (to work consistently).

مَا زَالَ يَحْرِثُ فِي أَرْضِ الاِجْتِهَادِ لِيَحْصُدَ النَّجَاحَ.

Literary

Leicht verwechselbar

اِجْتِهَاد vs جُهْد

Same root and similar meaning.

Juhd is general effort (physical or mental); Ijtihad is sustained, organized diligence or legal reasoning.

بَذَلَ جُهْداً (He made an effort).

اِجْتِهَاد vs تَقْلِيد

Often discussed together in law.

Taqlid is following tradition blindly; Ijtihad is using independent reasoning.

هَذَا تَقْلِيدٌ لَيْسَ اجْتِهَاداً.

اِجْتِهَاد vs مُجَاهَدَة

Same root.

Mujahadah usually refers to spiritual struggle against one's desires (Jihad al-Nafs).

مُجَاهَدَةُ النَّفْسِ صَعْبَةٌ.

اِجْتِهَاد vs اِجْتِيَاح

Similar sound.

Ijtiyah means invasion or sweeping through.

اِجْتِيَاحُ المَدِينَةِ.

اِجْتِهَاد vs اِجْتِمَاع

Similar pattern (Form VIII).

Ijtima' means meeting or gathering.

لَدَيْنَا اجْتِمَاعٌ اليَوْمَ.

Satzmuster

A1

Noun + Adjective

اِجْتِهَادٌ كَبِيرٌ.

A2

Verb + bi + Noun

أَعْمَلُ بِاجْتِهَادٍ.

B1

Noun + fi + Noun

الاِجْتِهَادُ فِي الدِّرَاسَةِ.

B2

Idafa + Khabar

ثَمَرَةُ الاِجْتِهَادِ النَّجَاحُ.

C1

Inna + Noun + Adjective

إِنَّ الاِجْتِهَادَ الفِكْرِيَّ مُهِمٌّ.

C2

Tajalla + Noun + fi

تَجَلَّى اجْتِهَادُهُ فِي أَعْمَالِهِ.

B1

Ma zala + Noun

مَا زَالَ الاِجْتِهَادُ مُسْتَمِرّاً.

B2

Bathala + Qusara + Idafa

بَذَلَ قُصَارَى اجْتِهَادِهِ.

Wortfamilie

Substantive

Verben

Adjektive

Verwandt

Registriere dich kostenlos, um alle Beispiele zu sehen

So verwendest du es

frequency

Very common in educational and formal professional contexts.

Häufige Fehler
  • Using 'Jihad' for school work. → Ijtihad.

    Jihad is a spiritual/political struggle; Ijtihad is academic/intellectual diligence.

  • Saying 'Huwa Ijtihad' (He is diligence). → Huwa Mujtahid.

    Use the active participle (adjective) to describe a person, not the abstract noun.

  • Confusing it with 'Ittihad' (Union). → Ijtihad.

    The 'j' sound is crucial. Ittihad comes from W-H-D (one); Ijtihad from J-H-D (effort).

  • Pronouncing it 'Ijtahad' (verb). → Ijtihad (noun).

    The 'i' sound at the end makes it the noun. 'A' makes it the past tense verb.

  • Using 'Ijhad' (Stress) as a compliment. → Ijtihad.

    Ijhad is the negative fatigue or stress. Ijtihad is the positive exertion of effort.

Tipps

The Pattern

Recognize the 'if-ti-al' pattern. It always indicates a verbal noun of a Form VIII verb, helping you guess the meaning of similar words.

The Pair

Memorize it with 'Jidd'. Saying 'Jidd wa Ijtihad' makes you sound like a native speaker who values hard work.

Respect

Using this word to describe someone's work is a high compliment in Arab culture. It acknowledges their character, not just their result.

The 'H'

Don't skip the 'h'. If you say 'Ijtiaad' without the 'h', it sounds like 'invasion' (Ijtiyah). Clear consonants are vital.

Hamza

In formal writing, remember that the initial Alif is a Hamzat Wasl. It doesn't get a 'karsra' mark underneath in standard script.

Legal vs Daily

If you see it in a news headline about 'Muftis,' think legal reasoning. If it's about 'Students,' think hard work.

Root Power

Connect it to J-H-D. Any word with these letters will involve some kind of struggle or exertion. This helps in decoding new words.

The Striving Student

Visualize a student sweating over a book but smiling. That 'smart struggle' is Ijtihad.

Personal Initiative

In a job interview, say you have 'ijtihad shakhsi' to show you are a self-starter.

Rhythm

Listen for the four syllables: ij-ti-haa-dun. The rhythm is distinct in poetry and formal speeches.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of 'Ijtihad' as 'I-Just-Had' to work hard to succeed. The 'J' is for Journey, 'H' is for Hard work, and 'D' is for Diligence.

Visuelle Assoziation

Imagine a student at a desk with a glowing brain, surrounded by high mountains they are about to climb. The brain represents the intellectual 'Ijtihad'.

Word Web

Success Study Brain Effort Law Scholar Focus Goal

Herausforderung

Try to use 'Ijtihad' in three different contexts today: once for your hobby, once for your work, and once for your Arabic studies.

Wortherkunft

Derived from the Arabic root J-H-D (ج ه د), which relates to the exertion of power, the ability to perform a task, or undergoing hardship.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: To exert oneself to the limit of one's ability.

Semitic (Arabic).

Kultureller Kontext

Be careful to distinguish it from 'Jihad' in sensitive political discussions to avoid confusion with militant contexts.

English speakers often only know 'Jihad'. Teaching 'Ijtihad' provides a more balanced view of the Arabic root's usage in daily life.

The historical 'Gate of Ijtihad' Ibn Rushd (Averroes) and his legal ijtihad Modern educational slogans in Egypt and the Levant

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

School/University

  • اجْتِهَادٌ فِي الدِّرَاسَةِ
  • طَالِبٌ مُجْتَهِدٌ
  • نَتِيجَةُ الاِجْتِهَادِ
  • بِجِدٍّ وَاجْتِهَادٍ

Workplace

  • اجْتِهَادٌ فِي العَمَلِ
  • تَقْدِيرُ الاِجْتِهَادِ
  • بَذَلَ مَجْهُوداً
  • اجْتِهَادٌ مِهْنِيٌّ

Legal/Religious

  • بَابُ الاِجْتِهَادِ
  • مُجْتَهِدٌ مُطْلَقٌ
  • اجْتِهَادٌ فِقْهِيٌّ
  • عَصْرُ الاِجْتِهَادِ

Self-Improvement

  • اجْتِهَادٌ شَخْصِيٌّ
  • تَطْوِيرُ الذَّاتِ
  • قُوَّةُ الاِجْتِهَادِ
  • طَرِيقُ النَّجَاحِ

Sports/Competition

  • اجْتِهَادٌ فِي التَّدْرِيبِ
  • رُوحُ الاِجْتِهَادِ
  • فَوْزٌ مُسْتَحَقٌّ
  • بَذْلُ الوُسْعِ

Gesprächseinstiege

"كَيْفَ كَانَ اجْتِهَادُكَ فِي تَعَلُّمِ اللُّغَةِ العَرَبِيَّةِ هَذَا الشَّهْرَ؟"

"هَلْ تَعْتَقِدُ أَنَّ الاِجْتِهَادَ أَهَمُّ مِنَ المَوْهِبَةِ؟"

"مَنْ هُوَ أَكْثَرُ شَخْصٍ مُجْتَهِدٍ تَعْرِفُهُ فِي حَيَاتِكَ؟"

"كَيْفَ نُشَجِّعُ الأَطْفَالَ عَلَى الاِجْتِهَادِ فِي المَدْرَسَةِ؟"

"مَا هِيَ ثَمَرَةُ الاِجْتِهَادِ فِي رَأْيِكَ؟"

Tagebuch-Impulse

اُكْتُبْ عَنْ مَوْقِفٍ بَذَلْتَ فِيهِ كُلَّ اجْتِهَادِكَ لِتَحْقِيقِ هَدَفٍ صَعْبٍ.

مَا هُوَ الفَرْقُ بَيْنَ الاِجْتِهَادِ فِي العَمَلِ وَالاِجْتِهَادِ فِي طَلَبِ العِلْمِ بِالنِّسْبَةِ لَكَ؟

صِفْ شَخْصاً تَعْتَبِرُهُ رَمْزاً لِلاِجْتِهَادِ وَمَاذَا تَعَلَّمْتَ مِنْهُ.

هَلْ تَظُنُّ أَنَّ بَابَ الاِجْتِهَادِ يَجِبُ أَنْ يَبْقَى مَفْتُوحاً فِي كُلِّ مَجَالَاتِ الحَيَاةِ؟ لِمَاذَا؟

تَحَدَّثْ عَنْ خُطَّتِكَ لِزِيَادَةِ اجْتِهَادِكَ فِي تَعَلُّمِ العَرَبِيَّةِ خِلَالَ السَّنَةِ القَادِمَةِ.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

No, in modern Arabic it is the standard word for 'diligence' in school and work. You will hear it in secular contexts every day.

They share a root meaning 'struggle,' but Ijtihad is intellectual/academic effort, while Jihad is a broader struggle (spiritual or physical).

No, you should call them 'Mujtahid' (مُجْتَهِد). 'Ijtihad' is the noun for the quality itself.

You can say 'Ana ajtahidu' (verb) or 'Ana a'malu bi-ijtihad' (with diligence).

In modern Islamic thought, most scholars agree it is open, though the requirements for performing it are very strict.

It is not a common person's name, but it is a very common name for institutions and schools.

The plural is 'Ijtihadat' (اِجْتِهَادَات), used for specific instances of legal reasoning or various types of effort.

It can imply innovation (Ibda') because it involves independent thinking, but it specifically focuses on the effort behind the new idea.

Yes, but it often sounds more formal. In some dialects, people might prefer 'shughl' (work) or 'ta'ab' (tiredness/effort).

It's used to praise students' hard work, e.g., 'We celebrate your ijtihad over the past four years.'

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writing

Write a sentence using 'Ijtihad' to describe your Arabic studies.

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writing

Translate: 'Diligence is the key to success.'

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writing

Describe a 'Mujtahid' student in three Arabic words.

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writing

Write the plural form of Ijtihad in Arabic.

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writing

Translate: 'He exerted his best effort (ijtihad).'

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writing

Use 'Ijtihad' in a sentence about a scientist.

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Create a question asking someone if they work hard.

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Write a short praise for an employee using the word.

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writing

Translate: 'There is no success without ijtihad.'

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writing

Write the root of the word Ijtihad.

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writing

Use 'Ijtihad' as the subject of a sentence.

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writing

Translate: 'Personal reasoning' (legal context).

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writing

Write a sentence using 'Mujtahid' (feminine).

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writing

Translate: 'The fruit of diligence.'

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writing

Write: 'With seriousness and diligence.'

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writing

Describe your goal using 'Ijtihad'.

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writing

Translate: 'The gate of ijtihad is open.'

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writing

Use the word in a sentence about history.

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writing

Write a sentence with 'Ijtihad' and 'Patience'.

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writing

Translate: 'Diligence in training.'

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speaking

Say 'I study with diligence' in Arabic.

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speaking

Pronounce the word: اِجْتِهَاد.

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speaking

Tell your friend 'Good job on your hard work' using 'Ijtihad'.

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speaking

Say 'Success needs diligence'.

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speaking

Encourage a group with 'More diligence!'.

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speaking

Say 'He is a diligent student'.

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speaking

Explain the meaning of Ijtihad in Arabic (simple).

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speaking

Say 'I will work with all diligence'.

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speaking

Pronounce the plural: اِجْتِهَادَات.

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speaking

Say 'Diligence is the secret of success'.

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speaking

Use 'Ijtihad' in a professional context sentence.

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speaking

Say the proverb: 'Man jadda wajada'.

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speaking

Say 'Independent reasoning' in Arabic.

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speaking

Ask 'Is the gate of ijtihad open?'

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speaking

Say 'With seriousness and diligence'.

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speaking

Pronounce 'Mujtahid' correctly.

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speaking

Say 'Your diligence is appreciated'.

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speaking

Say 'Diligence in seeking knowledge'.

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speaking

Say 'I exerted my best effort'.

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speaking

Describe a hard-working team.

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listening

Listen to the sentence: 'Ali works with ijtihad.' What is the Arabic for the last word?

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listening

Which word sounds like 'effort' in Arabic: Jihad or Ijtihad?

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listening

Listen for the 't' sound: 'Ijtihad'. Is it Form I or Form VIII?

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listening

Identify the noun in: 'Al-Ijtihadu miftahu al-najah.'

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listening

Does 'Ijtihad' rhyme with 'Belief' (I'tiqad)?

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listening

In a speech, you hear 'Bi-kulli ijtihad'. What does it mean?

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listening

Listen for the difference: 'Ijtihad' vs 'Ittihad'. Which one means 'Diligence'?

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listening

You hear 'Mujtahid'. Is the speaker describing a person or a concept?

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listening

Listen to a news report: 'Bab al-ijtihad'. What is the topic?

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listening

Does the speaker sound happy? 'Mashkur ala ijtihadik.'

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listening

Identify the root letters you hear in 'Ijtihad'.

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listening

Is the word at the start or end? 'Ijtihadukum yuhimuna.'

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listening

Listen to 'Ijtihadat'. Is it singular or plural?

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listening

Which word means laziness: Kasal or Ijtihad?

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listening

Listen for the emphasis: 'Ijtihad!'. Is it a command or a noun?

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