Englische Verben gefolgt von Infinitiv (want to, need to)
want und need nutzen to + base verb, um zukünftige Handlungen und Wünsche auszudrücken.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Many English verbs require a 'to' before the following verb to express purpose, desire, or necessity.
- Use 'to' + base verb after verbs like want, need, and hope. Example: 'I want to eat.'
- For negatives, put 'not' before 'to'. Example: 'I decided not to go.'
- Never use '-ing' after these specific verbs. Example: 'I hope to see you' (NOT 'I hope seeing you').
Overview
want to, need to).to eingeleitet wird – also to go, to eat oder to study. Das entspricht im Deutschen oft unserer Konstruktion mit „zu“ (z. B.to im Infinitiv fungiert dabei wie ein kleiner Pfeil, der auf ein Ziel in der Zukunft deutet. Wenn du sagst I decided to study French, dann liegt die Entscheidung in der Vergangenheit, aber das Studium selbst ist die Richtung, in die du dich bewegst.- Deutsch: „Ich plane, ein Haus *zu* kaufen.“
- Englisch:
I plan to buy a house.
-ing-Form) liegt darin, dass das Gerund oft über allgemeine Vorlieben oder bereits laufende Prozesse spricht (I enjoy swimming), während der Infinitiv fast immer eine konkrete Absicht oder eine noch ausstehende Handlung markiert. Als Faustregel für dich als deutschen Muttersprachler: Wenn du im Deutschen ein „zu“ vor das zweite Verb setzen würdest, ist die Chance sehr hoch, dass du im Englischen den to-Infinitive brauchst.to.Subjekt + Hauptverb (konjugiert) + to + Grundform des Verbsto goes oder to studied. Es bleibt immer to go oder to study.I | want | to visit | I want to visit London. |You | want | to visit | You want to visit London. |He/She/It | wants | to visit | She wants to visit London. |We | want | to visit | We want to visit London. |They | want | to visit | They want to visit London. |he/she/it) das Hauptverb durch das obligatorische -s. Der Infinitiv to visit bleibt völlig unberührt.decided | to go | We decided to go to the cinema. |have agreed | to help | They have agreed to help us. |will need | to call | You will need to call the office. |want(wollen):I want to order a pizza.(In der Kneipe oder beim Lieferservice).hope(hoffen):We hope to see you at the party.wish(wünschen):I wish to speak to the manager.(Eher formell, z.B. bei einer Beschwerde).would like(möchte):I would like to book a room.(Der Klassiker bei der Reiseplanung).
decide(entscheiden):She decided to quit her job.plan(planen):They plan to expand the business.(Typisch im Büro-Kontext).intend(beabsichtigen):I didn't intend to hurt your feelings.promise(versprechen):He promised to call me back.
need(müssen/brauchen):You need to sign this document.agree(zustimmen/sich einverstanden erklären):We agreed to share the costs.
learn(lernen):I am learning to drive.manage(schaffen/bewältigen):Did you manage to find a parking spot?(Sehr nützlich im Alltag: „Hast du es geschafft...?“).fail(versäumen/nicht schaffen):The company failed to reach its goals.
seem(scheinen):It seems to be a sunny day.appear(erscheinen):The problem appears to be solved.
I want you to go.(Subjekt + Verb + Objekt + Infinitiv).The teacher asked us to listen.My boss told me to finish the report.
want im Deutschen mit „wollen“ übersetzt wird, lassen viele Deutsche das to im Englischen weg.- Falsch:
I want go. - Richtig:
I want to go.
can, must oder should tatsächlich ohne to. Aber want und need sind grammatikalisch gesehen ganz normale Verben und brauchen daher den Infinitiv mit to.That Clause Trap)- Falsch:
I want that you help me.(Wörtlich: Ich will, dass du mir hilfst). - Richtig:
I want you to help me.
- Falsch:
He wants to studies. - Richtig:
He wants to study.
-s überall anfügen. Aber wie oben gelernt: Der Infinitiv ist unantastbar!- Falsch:
I hope seeing you. - Richtig:
I hope to see you.
-ing) abzugrenzen. Während der Infinitiv oft in die Zukunft weist, bezieht sich das Gerund häufig auf die Tätigkeit an sich oder auf die Vergangenheit.to do) | Mit Gerund (doing) |Remember | Remember to lock the door. (Denk dran, es noch zu tun – Zukunft). | I remember locking the door. (Ich erinnere mich daran, es getan zu haben – Vergangenheit). |Stop | He stopped to smoke. (Er hielt an, um zu rauchen – Zweck). | He stopped smoking. (Er hat mit dem Rauchen aufgehört – Gewohnheit beendet). |Try | I tried to open the window. (Ich habe es versucht, aber es war zu schwer – Anstrengung). | Try opening the window. (Versuch es mal mit Fenster öffnen, vielleicht hilft das gegen die Hitze – Experiment). |I can swim. | Kein to, keine Konjugation bei he/she/it. |I want to swim. | Braucht to, wird normal konjugiert (He wants to). |to braucht und welches ein -ing?to sehr wahrscheinlich. Am Ende hilft hier nur ein wenig Auswendiglernen der häufigsten Verben.want to immer mit wanna abkürzen?I wanna go. Das ist völlig okay für informelle Situationen. In einer E-Mail an deinen Chef oder in einer Uni-Hausarbeit solltest du aber immer die volle Form want to schreiben.not direkt vor das to.We decided not to go out. (Wir haben entschieden, nicht auszugehen). Das Hauptverb bleibt dabei positiv konjugiert.start, begin, continue oder love/hate kannst du oft beides verwenden, ohne dass sich die Bedeutung stark ändert: I started to work oder I started working sind beide korrekt und bedeuten fast dasselbe.Conjugating the Main Verb (Infinitive stays the same)
| Subject | Main Verb (Tense) | Infinitive Bridge | Base Verb | Full Sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
I
|
want (Present)
|
to
|
travel
|
I want to travel.
|
|
He
|
wants (Present)
|
to
|
travel
|
He wants to travel.
|
|
They
|
wanted (Past)
|
to
|
travel
|
They wanted to travel.
|
|
She
|
is planning (Continuous)
|
to
|
travel
|
She is planning to travel.
|
|
We
|
will need (Future)
|
to
|
travel
|
We will need to travel.
|
|
You
|
should try (Modal)
|
to
|
travel
|
You should try to travel.
|
Informal Spoken Reductions
| Full Form | Spoken Reduction | Example | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
|
want to
|
wanna
|
I wanna go.
|
Never use in formal writing.
|
|
going to
|
gonna
|
I'm gonna win.
|
Used for future intentions.
|
|
got to
|
gotta
|
I gotta leave.
|
Means 'have to' or 'must'.
|
Meanings
A grammatical structure where a primary verb is followed by an infinitive (to + verb) to indicate the objective or intent of the subject.
Expressing Desire
Using verbs like 'want', 'wish', or 'would like' to show what someone hopes will happen.
“I want to travel to Japan next year.”
“They would like to order some pizza.”
Expressing Necessity
Using verbs like 'need' or 'have' to show an obligation or requirement.
“We need to buy more milk.”
“You have to wear a seatbelt.”
Expressing Plans and Decisions
Using verbs like 'decide', 'plan', 'hope', or 'agree' to talk about future intentions.
“She decided to quit her job.”
“We are planning to move to London.”
Attempts and Failures
Using verbs like 'try', 'attempt', 'fail', or 'manage' to describe the effort put into an action.
“He tried to open the window.”
“I managed to finish the report on time.”
Reference Table
| Häufiges Verb | Bedeutung | Beispiel mit Infinitiv | Kurzer Tipp |
|---|---|---|---|
|
want
|
Wunsch/Verlangen
|
I want to learn Spanish.
|
Dein grundlegendes Wunsch-Verb!
|
|
need
|
Notwendigkeit/Anforderung
|
You need to register for classes.
|
Etwas, das *passieren muss*.
|
|
plan
|
Absicht/Vereinbarung
|
We plan to visit Europe next year.
|
Vorausschauend planen.
|
|
decide
|
Eine Wahl treffen
|
She decided to get a new haircut.
|
Eine Handlung wählen.
|
|
hope
|
Auf etwas Positives hoffen
|
He hopes to find a good job.
|
Optimistisch in die Zukunft blicken.
|
|
agree
|
Einen Konsens erzielen
|
They agreed to share the costs.
|
Eine gemeinsame Entscheidung treffen.
|
|
learn
|
Fähigkeit/Wissen erwerben
|
I want to learn to play guitar.
|
Eine neue Fähigkeit erwerben.
|
|
promise
|
Zusicherung geben
|
I promise to help you tomorrow.
|
Eine Zusage machen.
|
Formalitätsspektrum
I wish to depart now. (Leaving a location)
I want to leave. (Leaving a location)
I wanna go. (Leaving a location)
I'm outtie. (Leaving a location)
Verben + Infinitiv: Absicht ausdrücken
Wunsch / Verlangen
- want I want to relax.
- hope She hopes to succeed.
- wish I wish to speak.
Plan / Absicht
- plan We plan to travel.
- decide He decided to study.
- intend They intend to stay.
Notwendigkeit / Verpflichtung
- need You need to finish.
- agree We agreed to meet.
- promise I promise to help.
Fähigkeit / Anstrengung
- learn She learned to drive.
- manage He managed to escape.
- afford I can't afford to buy.
Infinitiv vs. Gerundium (Kurzübersicht)
Infinitiv wählen (to + Verb)
Drückt das erste Verb einen Wunsch, Plan oder eine zukünftige Absicht aus?
Sprichst du über etwas, das du tun musst oder dich entschieden hast zu tun?
Ist die Handlung eine Fähigkeit, die du lernst oder geschafft hast zu erreichen?
Infinitiv-Verbgruppen
Wunsch & Zukunft
- • want to
- • hope to
- • wish to
- • expect to
- • aim to
Pläne & Entscheidungen
- • plan to
- • decide to
- • intend to
- • agree to
- • refuse to
Notwendigkeit & Anstrengung
- • need to
- • manage to
- • learn to
- • afford to
- • fail to
Versprechen & Angebote
- • promise to
- • offer to
- • threaten to
- • volunteer to
Beispiele nach Niveau
I want to eat.
I want to eat.
I need to sleep.
I need to sleep.
Do you want to play?
Do you want to play?
She needs to go home.
She needs to go home.
I hope to see you soon.
I hope to see you soon.
We decided to stay here.
We decided to stay here.
He promised to call me.
He promised to call me.
They plan to buy a car.
They plan to buy a car.
I managed to finish the work.
I managed to finish the work.
She refused to answer the phone.
She refused to answer the phone.
We agreed not to talk about it.
We agreed not to talk about it.
I am learning to drive a car.
I am learning to drive a car.
He seems to be enjoying the party.
He seems to be enjoying the party.
I didn't expect to be invited.
I didn't expect to be invited.
She appears to have lost her keys.
She appears to have lost her keys.
They hesitated to ask for help.
They hesitated to ask for help.
I would hate for you to miss out.
I would hate for you to miss out.
He neglected to mention the cost.
He neglected to mention the cost.
We endeavored to reach an agreement.
We endeavored to reach an agreement.
To simply ignore the problem is unwise.
To simply ignore the problem is unwise.
She was to have been the keynote speaker.
She was to have been the keynote speaker.
I happened to overhear their conversation.
I happened to overhear their conversation.
The bridge is yet to be completed.
The bridge is yet to be completed.
He was so lucky as to win the lottery.
He was so lucky as to win the lottery.
Leicht verwechselbar
Learners often put 'to' after all verbs, including modals like 'can', 'must', and 'should'.
Some verbs like 'enjoy' or 'finish' look like they should take 'to' but they take '-ing'.
The verb 'try' can take both, but the meaning changes.
Häufige Fehler
I want go.
I want to go.
I need eating.
I need to eat.
He wants to goes.
He wants to go.
I must to go.
I must go.
I hope seeing you.
I hope to see you.
She decided to not go.
She decided not to go.
We plan to buying a house.
We plan to buy a house.
I managed finishing.
I managed to finish.
He refused to telling me.
He refused to tell me.
I would like for to go.
I would like to go.
I hesitated to not asking.
I hesitated not to ask.
Satzmuster
I want to ___ because ___.
She decided not to ___ after ___.
Do you need to ___ before you ___?
I managed to ___ despite ___.
Real World Usage
I would like to order the steak, please.
I hope to contribute to your team's success.
Wanna grab a drink later?
I need to check my bags.
I need to see the doctor about my back.
I decided to start a new hobby today!
Denk an 'Zukünftige Handlung'
I need to buy groceries.
Vergiss das 'To' nicht!
I want to go home.
Hören & Nachahmen
I decided to stay, dann versuch, das nachzusprechen!
Höflichkeit mit 'Would Like'
viel sanfter als I want to ask a question".Smart Tips
Ask yourself: Has the action happened yet? If it's a plan or a wish, use 'to'.
Don't use 'that'. Use the pattern: Want + Person + To + Verb.
Replace 'want to' with 'would like to' or 'wish to' for a more professional tone.
In conversation, we often drop the verb after 'to' if it's already understood.
Aussprache
The Reduction of 'To'
In natural speech, 'to' is rarely pronounced as /tuː/. It is usually reduced to a schwa /tə/.
Wanna
When 'want' and 'to' are together, they often blend into one word in American English.
Stress on the main verb
I WANT to go. (Emphasis on desire)
Conveys strong feeling about the action.
Einprägen
Eselsbrücke
W.N.H.D.P: We Never Have Dirty Plates (Want, Need, Hope, Decide, Promise).
Visuelle Assoziation
Imagine a physical bridge labeled 'TO' connecting two islands. Island 1 is 'WANT' and Island 2 is 'EAT'. You cannot cross without the 'TO' bridge.
Rhyme
If you want to play or need to stay, don't forget the 'to' today!
Story
I wanted to go to the park. I needed to find my shoes. I promised to be back by five. I managed to arrive on time.
Word Web
Herausforderung
Write 5 things you plan to do this weekend using 'I plan to...', 'I want to...', and 'I need to...'.
Kulturelle Hinweise
Using 'I want to' can sometimes sound too direct or demanding. In shops or restaurants, 'I would like to' is preferred for politeness.
The use of 'wanna' is extremely common in pop music and movies, which can make learners think it is acceptable in all situations. It is not.
British speakers might use 'I fancy' + -ing instead of 'I want to' in very casual settings.
In Old English, the infinitive was a single word with a suffix (e.g., 'drincan' for 'to drink'). The word 'to' was originally a preposition indicating direction.
Gesprächseinstiege
What do you want to do after you finish your English course?
What is something you've always wanted to learn to do?
If you could travel anywhere, where would you choose to go?
Have you ever refused to do something your boss asked?
Tagebuch-Impulse
Häufige Fehler
Test Yourself
My sister hopes ___ a scholarship for university.
Find and fix the mistake:
We need buying milk from the store.
Choose the correct sentence:
Score: /3
Ubungsaufgaben
8 exercisesI want ___ a new car.
She needs ___ finish her homework.
Find and fix the mistake:
We decided not going to the party.
I plan on visiting London. (plan)
He managed to opening the door.
A: Are you coming? B: No, I promised ___ my mom.
Group: Hope, Decide, Enjoy, Plan
1. I want... 2. I enjoy...
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesI want ___ that new video game everyone is talking about.
They decided moving to a bigger apartment.
Choose the correct sentence:
Übersetze ins Englische: 'Ella espera aprender un nuevo idioma.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the verbs with their appropriate infinitive completions:
Did you manage ___ your flight details?
She offered helping me with my homework.
Choose the correct sentence:
Übersetze ins Englische: 'No puedo permitirme comprar ese coche.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
We need ___ our meeting until next week.
Score: /12
FAQ (8)
No, in English we say `I want you to go`. We don't use 'that' after 'want'.
Only if it's a very casual email to a close friend. In business or formal writing, always use `want to`.
They are very similar. `Need to` often implies a personal necessity, while `have to` often implies an outside rule or obligation.
It's often historical. However, 'to' usually refers to future or hypothetical actions, while '-ing' refers to real or completed activities.
Yes! This is called a 'split infinitive' (e.g., `to quickly run`). It's common and accepted in modern English.
No. Modal verbs like `can`, `could`, `should`, `must`, and `might` are followed by the base verb without 'to'.
Put 'not' before 'to'. For example: `I decided not to eat meat`.
No. `I'm going to` is for future plans that are already decided. `I want to` just expresses a desire.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Quiero comer
Spanish does not use a connector like 'to' between these verbs.
Je veux manger / J'ai besoin de manger
French uses different prepositions depending on the specific verb.
Ich will essen / Ich versuche zu essen
In German, the 'zu + verb' usually goes at the very end of the sentence.
Tabetai (want to eat)
Japanese uses suffixes rather than separate connecting words.
Urīdu an akula
The verb following 'an' is still conjugated for the person.
Wǒ xiǎng chī
There is no grammatical marker like 'to' in Chinese.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Continue With
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