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A2 noun #1,600 am häufigsten 11 Min. Lesezeit

ملک

malk Top 1,600

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At the A1 beginner level, learners are primarily focused on basic survival vocabulary and simple everyday concepts. While 'ملک' (melk) might seem like an advanced legal term, it is actually introduced quite early because housing and location are fundamental topics. At this stage, learners understand 'melk' simply as a 'place' or 'property' in the context of a house or a building. They might not grasp the complex legal nuances of real estate, but they can recognize the word on signs like 'مشاور املاک' (Real Estate Agency) when walking down the street. Teachers often introduce 'melk' alongside words like 'خانه' (house), 'آپارتمان' (apartment), and 'مغازه' (shop) to categorize these physical spaces. An A1 learner should be able to understand a simple sentence like 'این ملک بزرگ است' (This property is big) or 'من یک ملک دارم' (I have a property). The focus is on recognizing the word audibly and visually, and associating it with buildings and land. Pronunciation practice is crucial here to ensure they say 'melk' and not 'malek' (owner) or 'malak' (angel), as the spelling is identical. Rote memorization of the word and its primary meaning is the goal, laying the groundwork for more complex grammatical structures and contextual usage in later stages. Simple flashcards pairing the word 'ملک' with an image of a house or a piece of land are highly effective at this level.

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As learners progress to the A2 level, their ability to use 'ملک' (melk) in practical, everyday situations expands significantly. At this stage, they are learning to describe their environment, discuss basic transactions, and understand simple advertisements. They will start using 'melk' in sentences related to buying, selling, and renting. Vocabulary such as 'خریدن' (to buy), 'فروختن' (to sell), and 'اجاره' (rent) are combined with 'melk'. An A2 learner can say, 'ما می‌خواهیم یک ملک بخریم' (We want to buy a property) or ask, 'قیمت این ملک چقدر است؟' (How much is the price of this property?). They also begin to encounter the plural form 'املاک' (amlak), especially in the context of real estate offices (بنگاه املاک). The distinction between residential (مسکونی) and commercial (تجاری) properties is introduced, allowing learners to be more specific about the type of 'melk' they are discussing. Reading simple classified ads for housing becomes a practical exercise, where they scan for the word 'melk' to find relevant listings. Furthermore, they start to understand the concept of ownership more clearly, distinguishing between the property itself (melk) and the owner (malek). Role-playing exercises, such as acting out a basic conversation with a real estate agent, are common and highly beneficial at this level to build confidence in using the vocabulary accurately.

At the B1 intermediate level, the usage of 'ملک' (melk) becomes much more nuanced and integrated into broader conversational topics. Learners can now engage in discussions about the housing market, express opinions on property prices, and understand the basic steps involved in renting or buying a home. They learn to use adjectives to describe the condition and location of a property, such as 'ملک نوساز' (newly built property), 'ملک قدیمی' (old property), or 'ملک در مرکز شهر' (property in the city center). The vocabulary expands to include terms related to contracts and agreements, such as 'سند' (deed), 'قرارداد' (contract), and 'رهن' (mortgage/deposit). A B1 learner can explain why they prefer a certain type of property: 'من به دنبال یک ملک مسکونی آرام هستم' (I am looking for a quiet residential property). They also begin to understand news headlines or short articles discussing the real estate market. The cultural importance of owning a 'melk' in Persian-speaking societies is explored, providing context for why property is such a common topic of conversation. Listening comprehension exercises might involve understanding a real estate agent describing the features of a property over the phone. Writing tasks could include drafting a short email inquiring about a property listing, using appropriate formal language and specific vocabulary related to 'melk'.

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Reaching the B2 upper-intermediate level means learners can handle complex and abstract discussions involving 'ملک' (melk). They are expected to understand and participate in conversations about real estate as an investment, the economic factors affecting property values, and the legal aspects of ownership. Vocabulary at this level includes terms like 'سرمایه‌گذاری در املاک' (investing in real estate), 'مالیات بر ملک' (property tax), 'تورم' (inflation), and 'بازار مسکن' (housing market). A B2 learner can articulate detailed arguments about the pros and cons of buying versus renting: 'خرید ملک در شرایط تورمی یک سرمایه‌گذاری امن محسوب می‌شود' (Buying property in inflationary conditions is considered a safe investment). They can read and comprehend detailed news reports, economic analyses, and opinion pieces regarding the real estate sector. The ability to use passive voice constructions becomes important, such as 'این ملک به فروش گذاشته شده است' (This property has been put up for sale). Furthermore, learners at this stage should be comfortable navigating the bureaucratic language associated with property transactions, understanding terms like 'انتقال سند' (transfer of deed) and 'عوارض شهرداری' (municipal taxes). Cultural nuances, such as the role of property in inheritance and family disputes, can be discussed in depth. Listening exercises might involve debates or interviews with economic experts discussing the future of the 'amlak' market.

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At the C1 advanced level, learners possess a near-native command of the word 'ملک' (melk) and its associated terminology. They can effortlessly navigate highly formal, legal, and academic texts where property rights and real estate law are discussed. Vocabulary is highly specialized, including terms like 'اموال غیرمنقول' (immovable property), 'حق سرقفلی' (key money/goodwill right for commercial properties), 'مصادره املاک' (confiscation of properties), and 'انحصار وراثت' (probate/inheritance distribution). A C1 learner can read complex legal contracts, court rulings, and historical documents related to land ownership. They can engage in sophisticated debates about urban planning, gentrification, and government housing policies, using precise and articulate language. For example, they might discuss: 'تاثیر سیاست‌های کلان اقتصادی بر نوسانات قیمت املاک و مستغلات غیرقابل انکار است' (The impact of macroeconomic policies on the fluctuations of real estate prices is undeniable). The ability to understand and use idiomatic expressions and metaphors related to property is also expected. They can easily distinguish between subtle synonyms and choose the exact word required for a specific legal or formal context. Writing tasks at this level might involve drafting a formal complaint regarding a property dispute or writing an analytical essay on the historical evolution of land ownership in Iran. Their comprehension of both spoken and written Persian regarding 'melk' is comprehensive and highly nuanced.

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At the C2 mastery level, the understanding and usage of 'ملک' (melk) transcend practical and legal applications, delving into the realms of literature, history, and philosophy. Learners at this stage can appreciate the historical context of land ownership in Persia, such as the 'ارباب و رعیتی' (feudal/landlord-peasant) system, and how the concept of 'melk' has evolved over centuries. They can read and analyze classical Persian literature, poetry, and historical texts where 'melk' might be used in a broader sense to mean a domain, territory, or even a kingdom, though they perfectly understand the modern distinction. They are familiar with the profound cultural and psychological weight of property ownership in the Iranian psyche and can discuss it from a sociological perspective. A C2 learner can effortlessly comprehend complex academic lectures, philosophical treatises on property rights, and intricate legal arguments at the highest level. They can write sophisticated, publication-ready articles or essays on the socio-economic impacts of the real estate market, employing a vast and highly specialized vocabulary. Their use of the language is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker, allowing them to play with the word 'melk', use it in creative or rhetorical ways, and fully grasp any subtle allusions or historical references made in connection with property and ownership in the Persian-speaking world.

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ملک in 30 Sekunden

Means property or real estate.
Plural form is املاک (amlak).
Pronounced 'melk', not 'malek'.
Used for houses, land, and buildings.

The Persian word 'ملک' (melk) is a fundamental vocabulary item that translates primarily to 'property' or 'estate' in English. Understanding this word requires a deep dive into both its linguistic roots and its cultural implications within Persian-speaking societies. When we talk about property in Iran, Afghanistan, or Tajikistan, we are often referring to real estate, land, or physical buildings that hold significant financial and personal value. The concept of ownership is deeply ingrained in the culture, and possessing a 'melk' is seen as a major milestone in one's life, representing stability, wealth, and social status. To fully grasp the nuances of this term, it is essential to explore its various applications and the contexts in which it is most frequently used.

Linguistic Root: The root of the word comes from Arabic (m-l-k), which relates to possession, kingship, and control. In Persian, while the spelling remains identical, the pronunciation shifts depending on the exact meaning intended. As 'melk', it strictly means property.

او یک ملک تجاری در مرکز شهر خرید.

In modern Iranian economics, real estate is considered one of the safest havens for capital, especially in times of inflation. Therefore, discussions about 'melk' are ubiquitous in daily conversations, news broadcasts, and financial planning. The word encompasses a wide range of property types, including residential homes (maskooni), commercial spaces (tejari), agricultural land (keshavarzi), and industrial facilities (san'ati). Each of these categories has its own specific legal and cultural connotations.

Legal Definition: In Iranian law, 'melk' refers to immovable property (amval-e gheyr-e manghool) that is officially registered and has a title deed (sanad).

قیمت ملک در این منطقه بسیار بالا است.

Furthermore, the plural form of the word, 'املاک' (amlak), is frequently used when referring to multiple properties or the real estate sector as a whole. For instance, a real estate agency is called 'بنگاه املاک' (bongah-e amlak) or 'مشاور املاک' (moshaver-e amlak).

آنها چندین ملک در شمال کشور دارند.

The psychological aspect of owning a 'melk' cannot be overstated. It provides a sense of security and belonging that renting simply does not offer in the local culture.

Cultural Significance: Owning property is often a prerequisite for marriage in traditional families, highlighting its importance beyond mere financial value.

سند این ملک به نام چه کسی است؟

The process of acquiring a deed (sanad) for a 'melk' involves navigating a complex bureaucratic system, which has given rise to a specialized vocabulary that learners will encounter as they advance in their Persian studies.

این ملک نیاز به بازسازی دارد.

In summary, 'melk' is much more than just a translation of 'property'; it is a cultural touchstone that reflects the economic realities, social aspirations, and legal frameworks of the Persian-speaking world. Mastering its usage and understanding its broader implications will significantly enhance your ability to communicate effectively and authentically in Persian.

Using the word 'ملک' (melk) correctly in Persian involves understanding its syntactic role, the prepositions it commonly pairs with, and the verbs that frequently accompany it. As a noun, 'melk' can function as the subject, object, or object of a preposition in a sentence. It is a highly versatile word that appears in both formal and informal contexts, though its usage might slightly vary depending on the register.

Common Verbs: The most common verbs used with 'melk' are خریدن (to buy), فروختن (to sell), اجاره دادن (to rent out), and اجاره کردن (to rent).

ما قصد داریم این ملک را بفروشیم.

When constructing sentences, you will often need to use adjectives to describe the type or condition of the property. For example, 'ملک تجاری' (commercial property), 'ملک مسکونی' (residential property), 'ملک کلنگی' (old/dilapidated property ready for demolition), and 'ملک نوساز' (newly built property). These compound phrases are essential for anyone looking to navigate the real estate market or simply understand classified ads in Persian newspapers or websites.

Prepositions: The preposition 'در' (in) is frequently used to indicate the location of the property, as in 'ملکی در تهران' (a property in Tehran).

ارزش این ملک روز به روز بیشتر می‌شود.

Another important grammatical aspect is the use of possessive pronouns and the ezafe construction. When you want to say 'my property', you say 'ملک من' (melk-e man) or 'ملکم' (melkam). The ezafe (the short 'e' sound linking words) is crucial here. For instance, 'صاحب ملک' (saheb-e melk) means the owner of the property.

او تمام املاک خود را به نام همسرش کرد.

Furthermore, the word 'melk' is often used in passive constructions, especially in news reports or formal documents. For example, 'این ملک فروخته شد' (This property was sold). Understanding these passive forms is important for advanced comprehension.

Compound Words: Words like 'ملک‌دار' (melk-dar - property owner) and 'املاک‌دار' (amlak-dar - real estate magnate) are formed by adding suffixes to the base word.

مالیات بر ملک امسال افزایش یافته است.

When discussing the transfer of property, terms like 'انتقال ملک' (enteghal-e melk) or 'سند زدن ملک' (sanad zadan-e melk - to register the deed of a property) are standard. These phrases are vital for anyone engaging in business or legal matters in a Persian-speaking environment.

بازدید از ملک فردا انجام می‌شود.

By mastering these collocations, grammatical structures, and common phrases, learners can confidently use 'melk' in a wide variety of situations, from casual chats about moving to a new house to formal negotiations over commercial real estate investments.

The word 'ملک' (melk) is ubiquitous in Persian-speaking societies, reflecting the central role that real estate and property ownership play in the economy and daily life. You will hear this word in a multitude of contexts, ranging from casual family gatherings to formal legal proceedings and national news broadcasts. Understanding where and how this word is used provides valuable insight into the priorities and concerns of the culture.

Real Estate Agencies: The most common place to hear 'melk' is at a 'بنگاه املاک' (bongah-e amlak), where agents discuss buying, selling, and renting properties.

مشاور املاک به ما چند آپارتمان نشان داد.

In family settings, discussions about 'melk' often revolve around inheritance, investment for the future, or helping young couples buy their first home. It is common for parents to save for years to help their children acquire a 'melk', as it is considered the ultimate safety net.

Legal and Official Contexts: In courts and notary public offices (daftar-khaneh), 'melk' is used extensively in deeds, contracts, and dispute resolutions.

دعوای حقوقی بر سر این ملک سال‌ها طول کشید.

News broadcasts and financial reports frequently feature the word when discussing economic indicators, inflation, and government housing policies. Phrases like 'بازار مسکن و املاک' (the housing and real estate market) or 'حباب قیمت ملک' (property price bubble) are standard vocabulary for news anchors and economic analysts.

رکود در بازار املاک باعث نگرانی سرمایه‌گذاران شده است.

Furthermore, in historical or literary contexts, you might encounter 'melk' referring to larger estates or even territories, though this usage is less common in modern everyday speech. However, understanding this historical weight adds depth to your comprehension of classical Persian literature and historical texts.

Online Platforms: Websites and apps dedicated to classified ads, such as Divar or Bama in Iran, have entire sections dedicated to 'Amlak' (Properties).

من آگهی این ملک را در اینترنت دیدم.

Whether you are watching a modern Iranian drama where characters argue over a family estate, reading a newspaper article about the economy, or simply walking down the street looking at 'For Sale' signs, the word 'melk' and its plural 'amlak' are inescapable. This omnipresence makes it one of the most high-frequency and essential nouns for any Persian learner aiming for fluency and cultural literacy.

خرید ملک در خارج از کشور قوانین خاص خود را دارد.

By familiarizing yourself with these various contexts, you will not only improve your vocabulary but also gain a deeper appreciation for the socio-economic dynamics of the Persian-speaking world.

One of the most significant challenges for learners of Persian when encountering the word 'ملک' is dealing with its heteronyms. Because the Persian script often omits short vowels, the exact same sequence of letters (م-ل-ک) can be pronounced in several different ways, each yielding a completely different meaning. This is a classic source of confusion and common mistakes for beginners and intermediate learners alike.

Melk vs. Malek: The most common error is confusing 'melk' (property) with 'malek' (owner). While they are related in concept, using them interchangeably leads to nonsensical sentences.

او مالک این ملک است.

Another potential pitfall is confusing 'melk' with 'malak' (angel) or 'malek' (king). While 'malak' and 'malek' (king) are less common in everyday conversational Persian regarding modern life, they appear frequently in literature, poetry, and religious texts.

Plural Forms: Learners often mistakenly use the regular Persian plural suffix '-ha' to say 'melk-ha'. While understandable, the broken Arabic plural 'amlak' (املاک) is vastly more common and sounds much more natural.

مدیریت املاک کار دشواری است.

Additionally, learners sometimes confuse 'melk' with general possessions or personal belongings. 'Melk' specifically refers to real estate, land, or immovable property. If you want to talk about your car, your clothes, or your money, you should use words like 'دارایی' (darayi - assets) or 'وسایل' (vasayel - belongings). Saying 'ماشین ملک من است' (The car is my melk) sounds very unnatural; instead, you would simply say 'ماشین مال من است' (The car is mine).

این زمین یک ملک شخصی است.

Another grammatical mistake involves the misuse of prepositions. When saying a property belongs to someone, learners might incorrectly translate 'to' literally. The correct phrasing is 'متعلق به' (mote'allegh be - belonging to) or simply using the ezafe: 'ملکِ علی' (Ali's property).

Pronunciation: Ensure you pronounce the 'e' clearly. Saying 'molk' changes the meaning to 'kingdom' or 'country', which is a completely different, albeit related, word.

حفظ این ملک برای خانواده مهم است.

By being aware of these common pronunciation pitfalls, semantic boundaries, and pluralization rules, learners can avoid awkward misunderstandings and speak about real estate with the precision and confidence of a native speaker.

او در زمینه املاک سرمایه‌گذاری می‌کند.

Practice reading sentences aloud and identifying which vowel sounds make sense in the given context to solidify your grasp of this tricky but essential vocabulary word.

When expanding your Persian vocabulary around the concept of property and ownership, you will encounter several words that are similar to 'ملک' (melk). Understanding the subtle differences between these synonyms and related terms is crucial for precise communication. While 'melk' is the overarching term for real estate, other words are used to specify the type of property or the nature of the ownership.

دارایی (Darayi): 'Darayi' translates to 'assets' or 'wealth'. It is a broader term than 'melk'. While a 'melk' is a type of 'darayi', 'darayi' also includes cash, stocks, cars, and other personal belongings.

این ملک بخش بزرگی از دارایی اوست.

Another highly related word is 'زمین' (zamin), which means 'land' or 'ground'. Every piece of land is a 'melk', but not every 'melk' is just land; a 'melk' could be a fully constructed apartment building.

ساختمان (Sakhteman): 'Sakhteman' means 'building'. It refers strictly to the physical structure, whereas 'melk' encompasses the legal concept of the property, including the land it sits on and the rights associated with it.

ارزش این ملک به خاطر ساختمان جدیدش بالا رفته است.

You will also frequently hear words like 'خانه' (khaneh - house) and 'آپارتمان' (aparteman - apartment). These are specific types of residential 'melk'. When a real estate agent asks what kind of 'melk' you are looking for, you might reply that you want a 'khaneh' (a standalone house) rather than an 'aparteman'.

آنها یک ملک مسکونی خریدند.

In legal contexts, you might encounter the term 'مال' (mal), which means property or wealth in a general sense, often used in Islamic jurisprudence. The phrase 'اموال غیرمنقول' (amval-e gheyr-e manghool - immovable properties) is the exact legal equivalent of real estate, but 'melk' is the preferred term in everyday and commercial language.

ثروت (Servat): 'Servat' means 'wealth' or 'riches'. Having a lot of 'amlak' (properties) means you have a lot of 'servat', but 'servat' is the abstract concept of wealth, not the physical property itself.

او ثروت خود را از طریق خرید و فروش املاک به دست آورد.

By distinguishing 'melk' from these related terms, you can articulate your thoughts regarding finance, housing, and ownership with much greater accuracy. Whether you are discussing the physical structure (sakhteman), the land (zamin), your overall assets (darayi), or the specific piece of real estate you own (melk), choosing the right word demonstrates a sophisticated command of the Persian language.

این ملک موقعیت تجاری عالی دارد.

Continue to practice these distinctions in context to solidify your understanding.

How Formal Is It?

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Wichtige Grammatik

Ezafe construction for possession (e.g., melk-e man).

Passive voice for transactions (e.g., melk forookhteh shod).

Compound nouns (e.g., bongah-e amlak).

Prepositions of location (e.g., melk dar Tehran).

Broken Arabic plurals in Persian.

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Beispiele nach Niveau

این ملک بزرگ است.

This property is big.

Subject + Adjective + Verb 'to be'.

من یک ملک دارم.

I have a property.

Subject + Object + Verb 'to have'.

آن ملک زیبا است.

That property is beautiful.

Demonstrative pronoun + Noun.

ملک کجاست؟

Where is the property?

Question word 'where'.

این ملک جدید است.

This property is new.

Adjective 'new'.

در این ملک یک خانه است.

There is a house on this property.

Preposition 'in/on'.

ملک گران است.

The property is expensive.

Adjective 'expensive'.

ما ملک می‌خریم.

We are buying a property.

Present tense of 'to buy'.

ما می‌خواهیم یک ملک بخریم.

We want to buy a property.

Modal verb 'want' + Subjunctive.

قیمت این ملک چقدر است؟

How much is the price of this property?

Question asking for price.

آنها ملک خود را فروختند.

They sold their property.

Past tense of 'to sell'.

این یک ملک تجاری است.

This is a commercial property.

Adjective 'commercial'.

مشاور املاک به ما کمک کرد.

The real estate agent helped us.

Plural form 'amlak' in a compound noun.

ملک در مرکز شهر است.

The property is in the city center.

Prepositional phrase for location.

آیا این ملک پارکینگ دارد؟

Does this property have parking?

Yes/No question with 'to have'.

ما فردا از ملک دیدن می‌کنیم.

We will visit the property tomorrow.

Future intent using present tense.

من به دنبال یک ملک مسکونی آرام هستم.

I am looking for a quiet residential property.

Preposition 'be donbal-e' (looking for).

سند این ملک به نام پدرم است.

The deed to this property is in my father's name.

Possessive construction.

اجاره این ملک بسیار بالا رفته است.

The rent for this property has gone up a lot.

Present perfect tense.

این ملک نیاز به تعمیرات اساسی دارد.

This property needs major repairs.

Noun phrase 'niyaz be' (need for).

ما قرارداد خرید ملک را امضا کردیم.

We signed the property purchase contract.

Compound object.

ارزش املاک در این منطقه در حال افزایش است.

The value of properties in this area is increasing.

Continuous action 'dar hal-e'.

او یک بنگاه املاک در خیابان اصلی باز کرد.

He opened a real estate agency on the main street.

Past tense narrative.

مالیات ملک هر سال باید پرداخت شود.

Property tax must be paid every year.

Passive voice with modal 'bayad'.

خرید ملک در شرایط تورمی یک سرمایه‌گذاری امن محسوب می‌شود.

Buying property in inflationary conditions is considered a safe investment.

Passive verb 'mahsoob mishavad'.

این ملک به دلیل موقعیت مکانی عالی، پتانسیل رشد بالایی دارد.

Due to its excellent location, this property has high growth potential.

Cause and effect structure 'be dalil-e'.

دولت تسهیلات جدیدی برای خریداران ملک اولی در نظر گرفته است.

The government has considered new facilities for first-time property buyers.

Present perfect tense in formal context.

رکود در بازار املاک باعث نگرانی بسیاری از سازندگان شده است.

The recession in the real estate market has caused concern among many builders.

Causative structure 'ba'es-e ... shodeh ast'.

انتقال سند ملک باید در دفترخانه اسناد رسمی انجام شود.

The transfer of the property deed must be done at an official notary office.

Formal passive obligation.

آنها بر سر تقسیم املاک پدری به توافق نرسیدند.

They did not reach an agreement over the division of the paternal properties.

Preposition 'bar sar-e' (over/about).

ارزیابی دقیق قیمت ملک نیاز به کارشناسی دارد.

Accurate assessment of the property price requires expert appraisal.

Abstract noun usage.

این ملک دارای وام بانکی با بهره کم است.

This property has a low-interest bank loan.

Formal possession 'daray-e'.

تاثیر سیاست‌های کلان اقتصادی بر نوسانات قیمت املاک و مستغلات غیرقابل انکار است.

The impact of macroeconomic policies on the fluctuations of real estate prices is undeniable.

Highly formal academic structure.

حق سرقفلی این ملک تجاری به مراتب بیشتر از ارزش خود بنا است.

The goodwill right (key money) of this commercial property is significantly higher than the value of the building itself.

Specialized legal/commercial vocabulary.

پس از انحصار وراثت، املاک متوفی بین وراث قانونی تقسیم شد.

After probate, the deceased's properties were divided among the legal heirs.

Legal terminology and passive voice.

شهرداری به دلیل تخلفات ساختمانی، دستور پلمپ این ملک را صادر کرد.

The municipality issued an order to seal this property due to building violations.

Official administrative language.

سرمایه‌گذاران نهادی بخش عمده‌ای از سبد دارایی خود را به املاک و مستغلات اختصاص داده‌اند.

Institutional investors have allocated a major part of their asset portfolio to real estate.

Financial sector terminology.

قوانین مربوط به تملک املاک توسط اتباع خارجی اخیراً دستخوش تغییراتی شده است.

Laws regarding the acquisition of properties by foreign nationals have recently undergone changes.

Complex noun phrases and formal verbs.

این ملک مشاع است و فروش آن منوط به رضایت تمامی شرکا می‌باشد.

This property is jointly owned, and its sale is contingent upon the consent of all partners.

Legal term 'mosha' (jointly owned).

دعوای خلع ید از ملک غصبی در دادگاه تجدیدنظر در حال بررسی است.

The eviction lawsuit from the usurped property is under review in the appellate court.

Advanced legal jargon.

در نظام ارباب و رعیتی گذشته، تملک املاک وسیع نماد اصلی قدرت سیاسی و اجتماعی بود.

In the past feudal system, the ownership of vast estates was the main symbol of political and social power.

Historical and sociological context.

مفهوم ملک در فقه اسلامی دارای ظرایف و پیچیدگی‌هایی است که با حقوق مدرن تفاوت‌های بنیادین دارد.

The concept of property in Islamic jurisprudence has nuances and complexities that differ fundamentally from modern law.

Philosophical and jurisprudential language.

ادبیات کلاسیک فارسی مشحون از استعاره‌هایی است که در آن‌ها ملک به مثابه استعاره‌ای از جهان فانی به کار رفته است.

Classical Persian literature is replete with metaphors in which property is used as a metaphor for the mortal world.

Literary analysis terminology.

گذار از اقتصاد مبتنی بر املاک کشاورزی به سرمایه‌داری صنعتی، ساختار طبقاتی جامعه را دگرگون ساخت.

The transition from an economy based on agricultural estates to industrial capitalism transformed the class structure of society.

Macro-historical analysis.

سوداگری در بازار املاک، به عنوان یک پدیده مخرب اقتصادی، نیازمند رگولاتوری دقیق و هوشمندانه است.

Speculation in the real estate market, as a destructive economic phenomenon, requires precise and intelligent regulation.

Advanced economic critique.

مصادره املاک پس از انقلاب، پیامدهای عمیق حقوقی و اقتصادی در پی داشت که تا دهه‌ها گریبان‌گیر سیستم قضایی بود.

The confiscation of properties after the revolution had profound legal and economic consequences that plagued the judicial system for decades.

Political and historical discourse.

مفهوم حق مالکیت بر ملک، در تقاطع فلسفه حقوق و اقتصاد سیاسی، همواره محل مناقشات نظری گسترده‌ای بوده است.

The concept of property rights, at the intersection of the philosophy of law and political economy, has always been the subject of extensive theoretical disputes.

Highly abstract academic language.

در متون کهن، واژه ملک گاه به معنای پادشاهی و قلمرو حاکمیت نیز به کار رفته است که ریشه در همان مفهوم تسلط دارد.

In ancient texts, the word 'melk' was sometimes also used to mean kingdom and sovereign territory, which is rooted in the same concept of dominion.

Etymological and literary explanation.

Häufige Kollokationen

خرید ملک (kharid-e melk - buying property)

فروش ملک (foroosh-e melk - selling property)

اجاره ملک (ejareh-ye melk - renting property)

سند ملک (sanad-e melk - property deed)

قیمت ملک (gheymat-e melk - property price)

مالیات ملک (maliyat-e melk - property tax)

ارزش ملک (arzesh-e melk - property value)

بازدید ملک (bazdid-e melk - property viewing)

ملک تجاری (melk-e tejari - commercial property)

ملک مسکونی (melk-e maskooni - residential property)

Häufige Phrasen

بنگاه املاک (bongah-e amlak - real estate agency)

مشاور املاک (moshaver-e amlak - real estate agent)

بازار املاک (bazar-e amlak - real estate market)

مال و املاک (mal o amlak - wealth and property)

ملک کلنگی (melk-e kolangi - old property for demolition)

ملک نوساز (melk-e nosaz - newly built property)

ملک مشاع (melk-e mosha' - jointly owned property)

صاحب ملک (saheb-e melk - property owner)

انتقال ملک (enteghal-e melk - property transfer)

سرمایه‌گذاری در املاک (sarmayeh-gozari dar amlak - investing in real estate)

Wird oft verwechselt mit

ملک vs مالک (malek - owner)

ملک vs ملک (malak - angel)

ملک vs ملک (malek - king)

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"ملک طلق کسی بودن (melk-e talgh-e kasi boodan - to be someone's absolute property/domain)"

"چهار دیواری اختیاری (chahar divari ekhtiari - one's home is one's castle / my property, my rules)"

"خاک خوردن ملک (khak khordan-e melk - property sitting unused/gaining value over time)"

"پول در ملک خواباندن (pool dar melk khabandan - to tie up money in real estate)"

"ملک پدری (melk-e pedari - paternal property/ancestral home)"

"آب و ملک (ab o melk - land and water rights / estate)"

"صاحب آب و ملک شدن (saheb-e ab o melk shodan - to become established/wealthy)"

"ملک بی‌صاحب (melk-e bi-saheb - abandoned property / free-for-all)"

"زدن به نام (zadan be nam - to transfer property into someone's name)"

"شش دانگ (shesh dong - entirely / full ownership of a property)"

Leicht verwechselbar

ملک vs

Satzmuster

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note

While 'melk' is the standard word for property, in highly informal spoken Persian, people might just use 'khaneh' (house) or 'zamin' (land) to refer to their property, reserving 'melk' for more financial or formal contexts.

Häufige Fehler

Pronouncing it as 'malek' when referring to a house.
Using the regular plural 'melk-ha' instead of 'amlak'.
Using 'melk' to refer to movable possessions like a car or laptop.
Forgetting the ezafe when adding an adjective (saying 'melk jadid' instead of 'melk-e jadid').
Translating 'real estate agent' literally instead of using 'moshaver-e amlak'.

Tipps

Watch the Vowel

Always remember the short 'e'. If you say 'malek', people will think you are talking about the landlord, not the house.

Learn the Plural

Memorize 'amlak' immediately. You will see this word on every street corner in Iranian cities on real estate agency signs.

Use Ezafe

When describing the property, don't forget the ezafe. It's 'melk-e tejari', not 'melk tejari'.

Marriage Context

If you are watching Iranian movies, pay attention to discussions about 'melk' during marriage proposals. It's a key plot point!

Classifieds

Practice your Persian by reading the 'Amlak' section of online classifieds like Divar.ir. It's great real-world reading practice.

Melk vs. Khaneh

Use 'khaneh' for the emotional concept of home or a specific house, but use 'melk' when discussing its financial or legal value.

Sanad is Key

The word 'melk' is almost always associated with 'sanad' (deed). Learn them together as a pair.

Context Clues

Since vowels aren't written, use context. If the verb is 'kharidan' (to buy), the word is 'melk'. If the verb is 'goft' (said), the word is likely 'malek'.

Formal Letters

In formal correspondence, use 'amlak o mostaghellat' to sound highly professional when referring to real estate.

Mal o Amlak

Drop the phrase 'mal o amlak' into a conversation about rich people to impress your Persian teacher.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of 'milk'. You buy property to milk it for rent money. Melk = Property.

Wortherkunft

Arabic

Kultureller Kontext

Because of high inflation in Iran, 'melk' is seen as the safest place to keep wealth, leading to a massive and highly active real estate market.

A common condition in traditional marriage contracts (mehrieh) is the transfer of a portion of a 'melk' (e.g., 3 dongs, or half a house) to the bride.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Gesprächseinstiege

"آیا شما مستاجر هستید یا ملک شخصی دارید؟ (Are you a tenant or do you own a property?)"

"وضعیت بازار ملک این روزها چطور است؟ (How is the property market these days?)"

"به نظر شما خرید ملک بهتر است یا سرمایه‌گذاری در بورس؟ (Do you think buying property is better or investing in the stock market?)"

"قیمت ملک در محله شما چقدر است؟ (What is the property price in your neighborhood?)"

"آیا قصد خرید ملک جدیدی دارید؟ (Do you intend to buy a new property?)"

Tagebuch-Impulse

Describe your dream 'melk'. Where is it located and what does it look like?

Write about the process of buying a property in your home country compared to what you know about Iran.

Discuss why you think real estate is such an important investment in many cultures.

Write a short story about a family arguing over an inherited 'melk'.

List the vocabulary you would need to rent a 'melk' in Tehran.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

The most common and correct plural form is 'املاک' (amlak). This is an Arabic broken plural. While 'ملک‌ها' (melk-ha) is grammatically possible in Persian, it is rarely used by native speakers when talking about real estate.

It is pronounced with a short 'e' sound, like the English word 'melt' but ending with a 'k'. The phonetic spelling is /melk/.

They are spelled exactly the same in Persian (ملک) but pronounced differently. 'Melk' means the property itself (the house, the land). 'Malek' means the owner of the property.

Yes, historically or in literature, it can mean a kingdom or domain. However, in modern everyday Persian, it almost exclusively refers to real estate and immovable property.

It translates to 'real estate agency'. 'Bongah' means agency or enterprise, and 'amlak' is the plural of property. This is where you go to buy, sell, or rent a house.

No. 'Melk' is strictly for immovable property like land and buildings. For cars or money, you would use words like 'دارایی' (darayi - assets) or 'اموال' (amval - belongings).

You say 'ملک تجاری' (melk-e tejari). 'Tejari' comes from the word for trade or commerce.

It refers to an old, dilapidated property that is usually bought just for the value of the land, with the intention of demolishing the old building and constructing a new one. 'Kolang' means pickaxe.

Property tax is called 'مالیات بر ملک' (maliyat bar melk) or simply 'مالیات ملک' (maliyat-e melk).

Extremely important. It is seen as the primary way to secure wealth against inflation and is a major cultural milestone, often expected before marriage or starting a family.

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