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B1 noun #8,000 am häufigsten 9 Min. Lesezeit

پنجه

panjeh Top 8,000

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At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'Panje' means the 'paw' of an animal like a cat or a dog. If you see a cat's foot, you can call it a 'panje'. It is a simple noun. You might hear it in basic stories about animals. For example, 'The cat has four paws' (Gorbe chahār panje dārad). It is also helpful to remember it sounds like 'Panj' (five), because animals usually have five toes on their paws. Don't worry about the complex meanings yet; just think of it as an animal's hand.

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'Panje' to describe simple actions. You might talk about a dog's paw being dirty after a walk ('Panje-ye sag kasif ast'). You also learn that 'Panje' can refer to the front part of your own foot (the ball of the foot) when you are wearing shoes. If a shoe is too tight at the front, you say the 'panje' is small. You are starting to see that this word isn't just for animals, but for the 'toed' part of feet and hands.

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At the B1 level, you should understand the metaphorical uses of 'Panje'. This includes the concept of a 'grip' or 'clutch'. You will encounter it in sports like wrestling or in music when describing how someone plays an instrument. You should be able to use compound phrases like 'panje narm kardan' to mean struggling with a difficult task. You also learn about 'panje-ye āftāb', a poetic way to describe beauty. This level requires you to distinguish between 'dast' (hand) and 'panje' (the functional grip/paw).

At the B2 level, you use 'Panje' in more formal and literary contexts. You understand its role in Persian culture, such as the 'Panje' symbol in religious ceremonies. You can discuss the nuances between 'panje' and 'changāl' (talon) in a scientific or descriptive essay. Your vocabulary includes idioms like 'panje dar panje-ye sarnavesht' (struggling with fate). You are expected to use the word accurately in technical descriptions, such as explaining the mechanics of a robotic claw or the anatomy of a predator.

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At the C1 level, 'Panje' becomes a tool for sophisticated expression. You recognize it in classical Persian poetry where it might symbolize the power of a king or the cruelty of time. You understand the technical finger-work terminology in Persian classical music (Radif) and can use 'panje' to describe the subtle 'shirin-panje' style of a master musician. You can also use the word in socio-political contexts to describe a 'grip' on power or a struggle between opposing forces, showing a deep grasp of the word's connotative weight.

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At the C2 level, you have a complete mastery of 'Panje' including its archaic forms and rare etymological connections. You can analyze how the word evolved from Middle Persian and its relationship to other Indo-European languages. You are comfortable using it in highly abstract philosophical discussions about the 'panje-ye ghazā' (the hand of providence). You can appreciate and produce complex puns involving 'panj' (five) and 'panje', and you understand the most obscure cultural references to the word in regional Iranian dialects and folklore.

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Panje means paw or clawed foot of an animal.
It is metaphorically used for human grip, fingers, and artistic skill.
It relates to the number five (panj) because of the five digits.
Commonly heard in wrestling, music, and nature contexts.

The Persian word پنجه (Panje) is a multifaceted noun that primarily refers to the paw or the clawed foot of animals, particularly carnivores like lions, tigers, cats, and dogs. However, its utility in the Persian language extends far beyond simple biology. At its core, the word is etymologically linked to the number five (panj), reflecting the five digits found on a typical hand or paw. This connection makes it a powerful metaphor for grip, strength, and human dexterity. In everyday conversation, you might hear a mother telling her child to wash their 'panje-hā' (fingers/paws) after a messy meal, or a sports commentator describing a wrestler's 'panje' as they lock onto an opponent. The word evokes a sense of tactile power and precision.

Anatomical Context: In biological terms, it specifically denotes the soft pad and the claws. For birds of prey, it refers to the talons. When discussing domestic animals, it describes the paw that leaves a print on the floor.
Metaphorical Strength: In Persian literature and martial arts, 'panje' symbolizes the ability to grapple with fate or an enemy. To 'lock paws' (panje dar panje) is a common way to describe a head-to-head struggle or a wrestling match.

شیر با پنجههای قوی خود شکار را گرفت.
The lion caught the prey with its strong claws/paws.

Beyond the animal kingdom, 'panje' is used in the culinary world. For instance, some traditional Iranian breads are shaped or marked using the fingers, often referred to as 'panje-zadan'. In the realm of music, particularly when playing stringed instruments like the Tar or Setar, 'panje' refers to the fingerwork and the agility of the musician's hand on the fretboard. A musician with a 'shirin-panje' (sweet-paw/hand) is one who plays with exceptional grace and beauty. This demonstrates how the word transitions from a literal animal part to a symbol of high human skill and artistry.

او پنجه در پنجه رقیب انداخت.
He locked fingers/hands with the rival (in a struggle).

Symbolism in Art: In religious and traditional iconography, the 'Panje' (often called the 'Alam' or 'Hand of Fatima/Abbas') is a symbol of protection and power, frequently seen atop religious standards in processions.

In modern technology and mechanics, 'panje' can also refer to claw-like tools or mechanical grippers. For example, a robotic arm might have a 'panje-ye robatik'. This versatility makes it an essential word for B1 learners who are moving beyond basic nouns into more descriptive and metaphorical language. Whether you are describing a cat's scratch, a wrestler's grip, or a musician's talent, 'panje' provides the specific nuance required to convey physical interaction and power.

Using پنجه correctly requires understanding its role as both a literal and figurative noun. In its most basic form, it functions as the subject or object of a sentence involving animals. Because it is a concrete noun, it takes standard Persian plural markers (-hā) and can be modified by various adjectives to describe size, strength, or sharpness. For learners, mastering the collocations—words that naturally go with 'panje'—is the key to sounding like a native speaker.

Physical Description: Use adjectives like 'tiz' (sharp), 'ghavi' (strong), or 'narmi' (soft) to describe the physical attributes of the paw.

رد پنجههای خرس روی برف باقی مانده بود.
The bear's paw prints remained on the snow.

When applying 'panje' to humans, it often appears in the context of sports or physical labor. In wrestling (koshti), which is Iran's national sport, 'panje' is used to describe the hand-to-hand combat phase. You will see verbs like 'andākhtan' (to throw/lock) used with it. For example, 'panje andākhtan' means to engage in a physical struggle. Furthermore, in idiomatic Persian, 'panje' is used to describe a handful of something, similar to the English 'clutch' or 'fistful'.

نوازنده با پنجههای هنرمندش بر تارهای ساز می‌نواخت.
The musician played on the strings of the instrument with his artistic fingers.

Compound Verbs: Common compounds include 'panje keshidan' (to scratch/claw at) and 'panje narm kardan' (to wrestle/struggle with).

In literary Persian, 'panje' can even describe the rays of the sun. 'Panje-ye āftāb' (the claw/hand of the sun) is a poetic way to describe the first light of dawn or a particularly beautiful person. When you use the word in this way, you are moving into C1/C2 territory, showing a deep appreciation for Persian aesthetics. Always remember that while 'panje' can mean hand, it is never used in formal greetings (like 'dast dādan' for shaking hands); it is reserved for more visceral, physical, or artistic contexts.

If you spend time in Iran or engage with Persian media, you will encounter پنجه in several distinct environments. The most common place is in nature and wildlife documentaries. Iran has a rich variety of wildlife, including the Persian leopard and the Asiatic cheetah. Narrators in these programs frequently use 'panje' to describe the predatory power of these big cats. You will hear phrases like 'panje-hā-ye margbār' (deadly claws) as the camera zooms in on a hunting scene.

The Bakery (Nānvāyi): In traditional bakeries, especially those making Sangak or Barbari bread, the baker uses their fingers to create patterns or indentations in the dough. This act is called 'panje zadan'.

شاطر خمیر را با پنجه فرم داد.
The baker shaped the dough with his fingers/hand.

Another significant arena is sports broadcasting. Wrestling is more than a sport in Iran; it is a cultural pillar. During a broadcast, the commentator will scream 'panje dar panje!' when two heavyweights are locked in a struggle for dominance. This phrase captures the tension and the physical grip of the athletes. Similarly, in the 'Zurkhaneh' (Traditional Iranian Gymnasium), the 'panje' is emphasized in various exercises that build hand and forearm strength.

In the arts, specifically music education, teachers will constantly correct a student's 'panje'. Whether it is the piano, the Tar, or the Setar, the 'panje' refers to the posture and movement of the fingers. A 'khosh-panje' musician is someone whose playing is technically perfect and emotionally resonant. Finally, in colloquial speech, you might hear 'panje-ye maryam' (Mary's paw), which is the Persian name for the Cyclamen flower, named so because of the shape of its tubers or petals. Hearing this word in these varied contexts will help you appreciate its depth beyond a simple biological term.

For English speakers learning Persian, the most frequent mistake is using پنجه as a direct synonym for 'hand' (dast) in all situations. While 'panje' can refer to the hand, it is highly contextual. You should never say 'Panje dādam' when you mean 'I shook hands'; that would sound like you are locking claws with someone! 'Dast' is the general term for the hand, whereas 'panje' focuses on the palm and fingers together, often in a functional or anatomical sense.

Panje vs. Changāl: Another common confusion is between 'panje' and 'changāl'. 'Changāl' specifically means 'claw' or 'talon' (and also 'fork' in modern Persian). While 'panje' includes the claws, it refers to the whole foot/paw. If you want to talk about a cat's scratch, 'chang' is more common than 'panje'.

Incorrect: من با او پنجه دادم.
Correct: من با او دست دادم. (I shook hands with him.)

Another mistake involves the pluralization. While 'panje-hā' is correct, in some dialects or older literature, you might see 'panjegān', though this is rare and should be avoided by B1 learners to prevent sounding archaic. Additionally, learners often forget that 'panje' can also refer to the 'toes' area of a shoe. If your shoes are tight at the front, you would say the 'panje' of the shoe is tight, not the 'angoshtān' (fingers/toes).

Lastly, learners sometimes confuse 'panje' with 'panj' (the number five). While they are related, they are distinct parts of speech. Saying 'Man panje sib dāram' instead of 'Man panj sib dāram' (I have five apples) is a common slip for absolute beginners, but at the B1 level, the mistake usually evolves into misusing 'panje' in compound verbs. Ensure you distinguish between the physical paw and the metaphorical grip to avoid sounding clumsy in your descriptions.

To truly master Persian, you need to know when to use پنجه and when a synonym is more appropriate. Persian is a language of nuances, and choosing the right word for 'hand' or 'claw' can change the tone of your sentence from scientific to poetic to colloquial.

دست (Dast): The most general word for 'hand'. Use this for 90% of daily interactions, greetings, and general descriptions of human limbs.
چنگال (Changāl): Specifically refers to the sharp claws of a bird or the talons of a predator. It is also the word for a 'fork' used in eating.
چنگ (Chang): Often used in the sense of 'clutches'. For example, 'dar chang-e marg' (in the clutches of death). It is more abstract and literary than 'panje'.

عقاب با چنگالهایش ماهی را گرفت.
The eagle caught the fish with its talons. (Using 'changāl' instead of 'panje' for specificity).

When describing the 'palm' specifically, the word is 'kaf-e dast'. If you are referring to 'fingers', the word is 'angosht'. 'Panje' is the synthesis of these—the palm and fingers acting as a single unit of power. In the context of a footprint, you might use 'rad-e pā' (footprint) generally, but 'rad-e panje' specifically for a paw print. Understanding these distinctions allows you to paint a clearer picture in the mind of your listener.

In some technical fields like anatomy or medicine, you might encounter 'mosh-e dast' (wrist) or 'angoshtān-e pā' (toes). However, 'panje' remains the most evocative word for the front part of the foot or hand when action is involved. For instance, 'panje-ye pā' refers to the ball of the foot, which is crucial when discussing dancing or running. By diversifying your vocabulary with these alternatives, you transition from a basic learner to an intermediate speaker who can express complex physical concepts with ease.

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

Because 'panje' means five-fingered, the symbol of the hand (Khamsa) is often called 'Panje' in Iran, even though the word 'Khamsa' is Arabic for five. It's a cross-cultural linguistic overlap!

Aussprachehilfe

UK /pæn.dʒe/

US /pæn.dʒe/

The stress is on the first syllable: PAN-je.

Reimt sich auf

Ganje (treasure) Banje (banjo - though foreign) Lanje (a type of boat) Danje (a girl's name) Sanje (measurement) Manje (rare term) Tanje (rare term) Khwanje (rare term)

Häufige Fehler

Pronouncing it as 'pan-ji' (long i sound).
Confusing the 'j' sound with a hard 'g' sound.
Over-emphasizing the second syllable.
Pronouncing the 'n' too nasally.
Mixing it up with the English word 'sponge' due to phonetic similarity.

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 3/5

The word is easy to recognize but its metaphorical meanings in literature can be tricky.

Schreiben 4/5

Spelling is easy, but using it in compound verbs requires practice.

Sprechen 3/5

Pronunciation is straightforward for English speakers.

Hören 3/5

Commonly used in movies and sports, so it's easy to pick up.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

پنج (Five) دست (Hand) پا (Foot) حیوان (Animal) گرفتن (To take/catch)

Als Nächstes lernen

چنگال (Claw/Fork) کشتی (Wrestling) نوازنده (Musician) مبارزه (Struggle) هنر (Art)

Fortgeschritten

استیلا (Dominance) قضا و قدر (Fate and Destiny) مضراب (Plectrum - related to music techniques) تشریح (Anatomy) نمادشناسی (Symbology)

Wichtige Grammatik

Ezafe Construction

پنجه‌یِ شیر (Panje-ye shir) - The lion's paw.

Compound Verbs with 'Keshidan'

پنجه کشیدن (To scratch) - Similar to 'dast keshidan' (to withdraw/touch).

Pluralization of Nouns ending in 'e'

پنجه -> پنجه‌ها (The 'e' is preserved, then 'hā' is added).

Metaphorical Noun Phrases

Noun + Noun (e.g., Panje-ye Marg) for 'Clutches of Death'.

Adjective Placement

پنجه‌هایِ تیز (Sharp paws) - Adjective follows the noun.

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Beispiele nach Niveau

گربه پنجه‌های نرمی دارد.

The cat has soft paws.

Simple subject-object-verb structure.

سگ با پنجه‌اش در زد.

The dog knocked with its paw.

Use of the suffix -ash for 'its'.

این پنجه بزرگ است.

This paw is big.

Basic adjective use.

خرس چهار پنجه دارد.

The bear has four paws.

Number before the noun.

پنجه گربه سفید است.

The cat's paw is white.

Ezafe construction (Panje-ye gorbe).

من پنجه سگ را شستم.

I washed the dog's paw.

Past tense verb 'shostam'.

پنجه‌های جوجه کوچک هستند.

The chick's feet/claws are small.

Plural noun with plural verb.

ببر پنجه‌های قوی دارد.

The tiger has strong paws.

Adjective following the noun.

کفش من در قسمت پنجه تنگ است.

My shoe is tight in the toe area.

Contextual use for human footwear.

بچه با پنجه‌هایش نقاشی کرد.

The child painted with their fingers/hands.

Informal use for human hands.

رد پنجه گرگ روی زمین بود.

The wolf's paw print was on the ground.

Compound noun 'Rad-e panje'.

گربه روی مبل پنجه کشید.

The cat scratched the sofa.

Compound verb 'Panje keshidan'.

پنجه‌های عقاب تیز هستند.

The eagle's talons are sharp.

Descriptive adjective 'tiz'.

او یک پنجه برنج برداشت.

He took a handful of rice.

Use of 'panje' as a measure of quantity.

شیر پنجه‌اش را روی شکار گذاشت.

The lion put its paw on the prey.

Possessive suffix attached to 'panje'.

خرگوش با پنجه‌هایش زمین را کند.

The rabbit dug the ground with its paws.

Instrumental use of 'bā' (with).

او باید با مشکلات زندگی پنجه نرم کند.

He has to struggle with life's problems.

Idiomatic compound verb 'panje narm kardan'.

نوازنده پنجه بسیار شیرینی دارد.

The musician has a very 'sweet' (graceful) touch.

Metaphorical use in art/music.

کشتی‌گیران پنجه در پنجه هم انداختند.

The wrestlers locked hands/grips.

Reciprocal expression 'panje dar panje'.

خورشید پنجه‌های طلایی‌اش را پهن کرد.

The sun spread its golden rays (claws).

Personification in literature.

این نان به روش پنجه‌زنی تهیه شده است.

This bread was prepared using the finger-pressing method.

Technical culinary term.

او پنجه در روی حریف کشید.

He scratched the opponent's face (metaphorically or literally).

Aggressive idiom.

پنجه مریم در کوهستان می‌روید.

The Cyclamen flower grows in the mountains.

Proper name of a plant.

او با پنجه‌هایی لرزان نامه را باز کرد.

He opened the letter with trembling hands/fingers.

Descriptive adjective 'larzān'.

در این نقاشی، پنجه‌های دیو بسیار ترسناک است.

In this painting, the demon's claws are very scary.

Artistic analysis context.

او از پنجه قانون فرار کرد.

He escaped the long arm (clutches) of the law.

Legal metaphor.

ساختار استخوانی پنجه در پستانداران متفاوت است.

The bone structure of the paw differs among mammals.

Scientific register.

او تمام تلاشش را کرد تا از پنجه فقر رها شود.

He made every effort to free himself from the clutches of poverty.

Abstract noun collocation.

پنجه‌های فولادی جرثقیل بار را بلند کرد.

The crane's steel claws lifted the load.

Mechanical metaphor.

او در پنجه انداختن مهارت زیادی داشت.

He had great skill in grappling (wrestling).

Gerund form of the compound verb.

این مجسمه با پنجه‌های هنرمندانه ساخته شده است.

This statue was made with artistic hands.

Adjectival use of 'honarmandāne'.

پرنده با پنجه‌هایش به شاخه چسبیده بود.

The bird was clinging to the branch with its feet.

Past continuous context.

شاعر پنجه‌های مرگ را بر گلوی شهر حس می‌کرد.

The poet felt the claws of death on the city's throat.

High literary metaphor.

پنجه‌های نوازنده بر سیم‌های عود می‌رقصیدند.

The musician's fingers were dancing on the strings of the oud.

Personification and poetic imagery.

او در پنجه استبداد گرفتار شده بود.

He was caught in the clutches of tyranny.

Political/Historical context.

ظرافت پنجه‌های او در خطاطی بی‌نظیر است.

The delicacy of his hand/fingers in calligraphy is unique.

Focus on dexterity and skill.

پنجه‌های عقاب به گونه‌ای تکامل یافته‌اند که طعمه را سوراخ کنند.

The eagle's talons have evolved in a way to pierce the prey.

Passive voice and complex structure.

او با پنجه‌ای آهنین بر کشور حکومت می‌کرد.

He ruled the country with an iron fist (claw).

Idiomatic expression of power.

در متون کهن، پنجه به معنای قدرت و استیلا به کار رفته است.

In ancient texts, 'panje' has been used to mean power and dominance.

Academic/Philological observation.

او پنجه در پنجه دیو سپید انداخت.

He wrestled hand-to-hand with the White Demon (from Shahnameh).

Mythological reference.

تجلی پنجه در معماری اسلامی نمادی از دست قدرت الهی است.

The manifestation of the 'Panje' in Islamic architecture is a symbol of the hand of Divine Power.

Theological and architectural analysis.

او با پنجه‌های اندیشه، گره‌های دشوار فلسفی را می‌گشود.

With the 'claws' of thought, he untied difficult philosophical knots.

Abstract intellectual metaphor.

پنجه‌افکندن بر حقایق هستی، غایت غایی این عارف بود.

To grasp (lock claws onto) the truths of existence was the ultimate goal of this mystic.

Sufi/Mystical terminology.

در این رساله، پنجه به مثابه ابزاری برای درک عالم مادی تحلیل شده است.

In this treatise, the 'panje' is analyzed as a tool for perceiving the material world.

Formal academic discourse.

او چنان پنجه‌ای در موسیقی دارد که گویی ساز بخشی از بدن اوست.

He has such a 'panje' (technique) in music that it is as if the instrument is part of his body.

Sublime praise for mastery.

پنجه‌های خونین تاریخ بر صفحات این سرزمین نقش بسته است.

The bloody claws of history are imprinted on the pages of this land.

Historical personification.

او با پنجه‌زنی بر خاک، سعی در احیای سنت‌های دیرین داشت.

By 'clawing' at the earth (working the land), he tried to revive ancient traditions.

Symbolic use of physical labor.

مفهوم پنجه در اساطیر ایرانی با ایزدان پیروزی پیوند خورده است.

The concept of 'panje' in Iranian mythology is linked to the deities of victory.

Mythological research context.

Häufige Kollokationen

پنجه نرم کردن

رد پنجه

پنجه در پنجه

پنجه آفتاب

پنجه بوکس

پنجه زدن

روی پنجه پا

پنجه کشیدن

پنجه هنرمند

پنجه آهنین

Häufige Phrasen

پنجه مریم

— The name of the Cyclamen flower. It is used in botany and gardening.

در حیاط ما پنجه مریم روییده است.

پنجه پا

— The front part of the foot or toes. Used in sports and footwear.

پنجه پایم در این کفش درد می‌کند.

پنجه دست

— The palm and fingers combined. Used when describing a grip.

پنجه دستش بسیار بزرگ بود.

پنجه در افکندن

— To engage in a struggle or fight. Used in literature.

پهلوان با اژدها پنجه در افکند.

پنجه طلایی

— Someone with very skilled hands, usually a surgeon or musician.

آن جراح واقعاً پنجه طلایی است.

پنجه انداختن

— To grab or scratch with the hand/paw.

او برای گرفتن طناب پنجه انداخت.

پنجه‌زنی خمیر

— The process of marking bread dough with fingers.

پنجه‌زنی خمیر باعث پخت بهتر نان می‌شود.

پنجه کلاغی

— Crow's feet (wrinkles around the eyes).

او نگران چروک‌های پنجه کلاغی دور چشمش بود.

پنجه در پنجه سارنوشت

— Struggling with destiny. A common poetic theme.

او تمام عمر پنجه در پنجه سرنوشت داشت.

پنجه گرگ

— A type of plant or a metaphor for a cruel person.

مراقب باش، او پنجه گرگ است.

Wird oft verwechselt mit

پنجه vs چنگال (Changāl)

Changāl is the claw/fork; Panje is the whole paw/foot.

پنجه vs دست (Dast)

Dast is the general hand; Panje is the functional grip/fingers.

پنجه vs پنج (Panj)

Panj is the number five; Panje is the noun derived from it.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"پنجه نرم کردن"

— To struggle or wrestle with a person, a problem, or a disease.

او سال‌ها با فقر پنجه نرم کرد.

Neutral to Formal

"مثل پنجه آفتاب"

— Extremely beautiful or radiant (usually describing a woman).

عروس مثل پنجه آفتاب می‌درخشید.

Informal/Poetic

"پنجه در پنجه شدن"

— To confront someone directly and physically.

دو رقیب در فینال پنجه در پنجه شدند.

Neutral

"شیرین پنجه"

— A musician who plays with great skill and emotion.

استاد شهناز نوازنده‌ای شیرین پنجه بود.

Artistic

"پنجه بر چهره کشیدن"

— To harm someone's reputation or to physically attack their face.

او با دروغ‌هایش بر چهره من پنجه کشید.

Literary

"از هر انگشتش یک هنر می‌بارد (پنجه هنرمند)"

— Though it uses 'angosht', 'panje' is the collective result of being multi-talented.

او واقعاً پنجه هنرمندی دارد.

Colloquial

"پنجه در خون زدن"

— To be involved in a murder or a violent act.

ظالم پنجه در خون مظلومان زد.

Archaic/Literary

"پنجه به جگر زدن"

— To cause deep emotional pain or grief.

غم فراق او پنجه به جگرم می‌زند.

Poetic

"پنجه در افکندن با قضا"

— To fight against fate or divine will.

انسان نمی‌تواند با قضا پنجه در افکند.

Philosophical

"پنجه کشیدن بر خورشید"

— To try to hide a clear truth (useless effort).

انکار حقیقت مثل پنجه کشیدن بر خورشید است.

Proverbial

Leicht verwechselbar

پنجه vs چنگال

Both refer to animal feet.

Changāl focuses on the sharp nails (claws), while Panje refers to the entire paw structure including the pads.

عقاب چنگال دارد، اما سگ پنجه دارد.

پنجه vs سم

Both are types of animal feet.

Sum is a hoof (hard keratin), whereas Panje is a soft paw with digits.

اسب سم دارد، ببر پنجه دارد.

پنجه vs مضراب

Related to playing instruments.

Mezrab is the physical plectrum/pick; Panje is the finger-work of the left hand on the frets.

مضرابش قوی است، اما پنجه‌اش ضعیف است.

پنجه vs انگشت

Both refer to digits.

Angosht is a single finger/toe; Panje is the collective hand/foot structure.

او پنج انگشت در هر پنجه دارد.

پنجه vs مشت

Both involve the hand.

Mosht is a closed fist; Panje is an open, claw-like hand or paw.

او با مشت زد، اما گربه با پنجه.

Satzmuster

[Animal] + [Panje] + دارد.

سگ پنجه دارد.

[Subject] + با + [Panje] + [Verb].

او با پنجه‌اش در زد.

[Subject] + با + [Problem] + پنجه نرم می‌کند.

او با فقر پنجه نرم می‌کند.

ردِ پنجه‌یِ [Animal] + روی + [Surface] + است.

رد پنجه خرس روی برف است.

[Abstract Noun] + در پنجه‌یِ + [Concept] + است.

شهر در پنجه‌یِ طوفان است.

[Musician] + پنجه‌یِ + [Adjective] + دارد.

او پنجه‌یِ شیرینی دارد.

[Subject] + پنجه در پنجه‌یِ + [Opponent/Fate] + افکند.

او پنجه در پنجه‌یِ مرگ افکند.

نمادِ پنجه + نشانه‌یِ + [Symbolism] + است.

نماد پنجه نشانه‌یِ قدرت است.

Wortfamilie

Substantive

پنجه (Paw/Grip)

پنجه‌بکس (Knuckle duster)

پنجه‌مریم (Cyclamen)

پنجه‌کش (Scratcher)

Verben

پنجه‌زدن (To mark/strike with fingers)

پنجه‌کشیدن (To scratch)

پنجه‌افکندن (To grapple)

Adjektive

پنجه‌ای (Claw-like/Hand-shaped)

خوش‌پنجه (Skilled in music)

قوی‌پنجه (Strong-pawed/Powerful)

Verwandt

پنج (Five)

پنجم (Fifth)

پنجره (Window - etymologically disputed but related to openings)

پنجه‌وار (Like a paw)

چنگال (Claw)

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frequency

Common in specific domains (nature, sports, music, literature).

Häufige Fehler

Using 'Panje' for shaking hands. → Dast dādan.
Panje implies a claw-like grip or struggle, not a social greeting.
Confusing 'Panje' with 'Panj'. → Panj (5), Panje (Paw).
Panje is a noun, Panj is a number. You have five (panj) apples, not panje apples.
Using 'Panje' for a horse's foot. → Sum.
Horses have hooves (sum), while lions have paws (panje).
Saying 'Panje narm kardan' to mean 'soft hands'. → It means to struggle.
This is an idiom where 'narm kardan' (to soften) refers to breaking the opponent's resistance.
Assuming 'Panje' is only for animals. → It's also for human hands in specific contexts.
In wrestling, music, and art, 'panje' is the standard term for the hand/fingers.

Tipps

Think of Paws

Associate 'Panje' with any animal that has soft pads and claws, like a lion or a cat.

Wrestling Grip

Remember 'Panje' in the context of Iranian wrestling—it's the powerful grip of the hands.

Musical Fingers

If you play an instrument, think of your finger technique as your 'Panje'.

The Number Five

Connect 'Panje' to 'Panj' (5) to never forget that it refers to the digits/fingers.

Struggle Well

Use 'Panje narm kardan' when talking about overcoming challenges; it sounds very native.

Shoe Fit

If your toes hurt in new shoes, tell the shopkeeper the 'Panje' is too tight.

Mary's Flower

Learn 'Panje-ye Maryam' to expand your knowledge of Persian plant names.

The Sacred Hand

Recognize the 'Panje' symbol in religious art as a sign of bravery.

Compound Verbs

Practice 'Panje keshidan' for scratching and 'Panje zadan' for marking dough.

Ezafe Use

Always use the ezafe (Panje-ye...) when describing whose paw it is.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of the number FIVE. A 'Panje' has FIVE fingers or toes. 'Panj' = Five, 'Panje' = The thing with five (the paw).

Visuelle Assoziation

Visualize a LION'S PAW. The power and the five claws. That is a 'Panje'. Or visualize a MUSICIAN'S FINGERS moving like a 'Panje' on a guitar.

Word Web

Panj (Five) Dast (Hand) Changāl (Claw) Koshti (Wrestling) Sāz (Instrument) Nān (Bread) Shir (Lion) Angosht (Finger)

Herausforderung

Try to use 'panje' in three ways today: once for an animal, once for a sport/struggle, and once for an artistic skill.

Wortherkunft

The word 'Panje' originates from Middle Persian (Pahlavi) 'panjag'. It is directly related to the word 'panj' (five), which comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *pénkʷe.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: The original meaning was 'a set of five', referring to the five fingers of the hand or the five toes of a paw.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Persian.

Kultureller Kontext

When using 'panje' for humans, ensure it's in an artistic or athletic context. Using it to describe someone's hand in a normal social setting might sound slightly animalistic or rude if not careful.

English speakers use 'paw' for animals and 'clutches' for metaphors. Persian uses 'Panje' for both, which can be confusing at first.

The symbol of the 'Panje' in the movie 'The Lizard' (Marmoolak). Poetic references in the Shahnameh of Ferdowsi regarding the claws of dragons. Traditional songs praising the 'shirin-panje' of master musicians like Jalil Shahnaz.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Wildlife/Biology

پنجه‌های درنده (Predatory paws)
رد پنجه روی خاک (Paw print on soil)
جمع کردن پنجه (Retracting claws)
پنجه‌های عقاب (Eagle's talons)

Sports (Wrestling)

پنجه در پنجه انداختن (Locking hands)
قدرت پنجه (Grip strength)
پنجه‌کشی (Grip fighting)
فن پنجه (A specific grip technique)

Music

پنجه شیرین (Sweet touch)
سرعت پنجه (Finger speed)
نرمش پنجه (Finger flexibility)
استیل پنجه (Hand posture)

Daily Life/Shoes

پنجه پهن (Wide toe box)
فشار به پنجه پا (Pressure on the toes)
روی پنجه ایستادن (Standing on tiptoes)
کفش پنجه‌گرد (Round-toe shoe)

Literature/Metaphor

پنجه مرگ (Clutches of death)
پنجه استبداد (Grip of tyranny)
پنجه آفتاب (Radiant beauty)
پنجه در پنجه سرنوشت (Struggling with fate)

Gesprächseinstiege

"آیا تا به حال رد پنجه یک حیوان وحشی را دیده‌ای؟ (Have you ever seen the paw print of a wild animal?)"

"به نظر تو کدام نوازنده پنجه شیرین‌تری دارد؟ (Which musician do you think has a sweeter touch?)"

"آیا این کفش در قسمت پنجه برای تو راحت است؟ (Is this shoe comfortable for you in the toe area?)"

"چگونه می‌توان با مشکلات بزرگ زندگی پنجه نرم کرد؟ (How can one struggle/cope with big life problems?)"

"آیا می‌دانی چرا به این گل 'پنجه مریم' می‌گویند؟ (Do you know why this flower is called 'Mary's Paw'?)"

Tagebuch-Impulse

درباره زمانی بنویسید که مجبور بودید با یک چالش بزرگ پنجه نرم کنید. (Write about a time you had to struggle with a big challenge.)

توصیف کنید که چگونه یک گربه با پنجه‌هایش بازی می‌کند. (Describe how a cat plays with its paws.)

اگر هنرمند بودید، دوست داشتید پنجه‌هایتان چه چیزی خلق کنند؟ (If you were an artist, what would you want your hands to create?)

اهمیت نماد پنجه در فرهنگ‌های مختلف را بررسی کنید. (Explore the importance of the hand symbol in different cultures.)

یک داستان کوتاه درباره شیری که پنجه‌هایش را گم کرده بنویسید. (Write a short story about a lion who lost its paws.)

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

No, while its primary meaning is an animal's paw, it is widely used for human hands in wrestling, music, and figurative language. It also refers to the toe area of a shoe.

Panje is the whole paw (like a dog's), while Changāl specifically means the claws or talons (like an eagle's). Changāl also means 'fork' for eating.

No, you should use 'Dast'. Shaking hands is 'Dast dādan'. Using 'Panje' would sound like you are attacking or wrestling.

It is an idiom meaning to struggle or wrestle with someone or something, like a difficult problem or a disease.

Because most paws and hands have five digits, the word for 'the thing with five' became 'Panje'.

Yes, it refers to the finger technique on the frets of instruments like the Tar. A 'sweet' panje means a very skillful player.

It is the Persian name for the Cyclamen flower, often found in the mountains of Iran.

You say 'Rad-e Panje' (literally: trace of the paw).

It is the Persian word for a 'knuckle duster' weapon.

It is a neutral word used in all registers, but its metaphorical uses can range from poetic to slang.

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