سفر کردن
سفر کردن in 30 Sekunden
- Safar kardan is the standard Persian verb for 'to travel'.
- It is a compound verb using the auxiliary 'kardan'.
- It requires the preposition 'be' for destinations.
- It is used in both formal and informal Persian contexts.
The Persian verb سفر کردن (safar kardan) is a compound verb that serves as the primary way to express the act of traveling or making a journey. In the Persian language, compound verbs are formed by combining a noun or adjective with a light verb, in this case, 'kardan' (to do/make). The word 'safar' itself is of Arabic origin, meaning 'journey' or 'travel'. When we use this verb, we are describing the movement from one geographical location to another, whether for pleasure, business, or necessity.
- Core Concept
- The act of leaving one's home or current location to visit another place, often involving distance and a period of time.
- Grammatical Structure
- It is a 'Compound Verb' (Fe'l-e Morakkab). The noun 'safar' remains static, while the auxiliary verb 'kardan' is conjugated to show person, tense, and mood.
من دوست دارم به شیراز سفر کنم.
In Persian culture, travel is highly regarded, often associated with gaining wisdom and experience. There is a famous Persian proverb: 'Safar pokhte konad kham-ra' (Travel ripens the raw/inexperienced person). This highlights that 'safar kardan' is not just about physical movement, but about spiritual and intellectual growth. Whether you are taking a short trip to a neighboring city or an international voyage, this verb covers all such activities.
آنها هر سال به خارج از کشور سفر میکنند.
- Nuance
- While 'mosaferat kardan' is a synonym, 'safar kardan' is often perceived as slightly more poetic or formal in certain contexts, though they are largely interchangeable.
Historically, the concept of 'safar' in Persian literature often refers to the 'Safar-e Eshgh' (Journey of Love) or 'Safar-e Daruni' (Internal Journey). Sufi poets like Rumi and Attar used the verb 'safar kardan' to describe the soul's journey toward the Divine. This gives the word a depth that goes beyond just booking a flight or packing a suitcase. In modern usage, however, it is the standard term for any trip.
Using سفر کردن requires understanding how to conjugate the 'kardan' part while keeping 'safar' as a prefix. It is usually followed by the preposition به (be) to indicate the destination.
- Present Tense
- Prefix + mi + present stem (kon) + ending. Example: من سفر میکنم (I travel).
- Past Tense
- Prefix + past stem (kard) + ending. Example: ما سفر کردیم (We traveled).
آیا شما تا به حال به ایران سفر کردهاید؟
When talking about the mode of transport, you use the preposition با (ba) meaning 'with' or 'by'. For example, 'safar kardan ba هواپیما' (traveling by plane). This verb is versatile and can be used in the imperative form to encourage someone to see the world: 'Safar kon!' (Travel!).
او ترجیح میدهد با قطار سفر کند.
- Negative Form
- Add 'na' to the beginning of the auxiliary verb. Example: سفر نمیکنم (I don't travel).
You will encounter سفر کردن in various settings, from the mundane to the highly formal. It is a staple of travel agencies, news reports, and social media posts.
- At the Airport
- Announcements often use the noun form, but staff might ask: 'Be koja safar mikonid?' (Where are you traveling to?)
مسافران عزیز، آماده سفر کردن باشید.
In literature and music, 'safar kardan' often symbolizes parting or a change in life's direction. Many Persian songs use this verb to describe a lover leaving or a person seeking a new destiny. In news broadcasts, it is used to describe diplomatic visits: 'Vazir be Alman safar kard' (The minister traveled to Germany).
Learners often make specific errors when using سفر کردن. Because it is a compound verb, the most common mistake is treating it like a single unit or misplacing the 'mi' prefix.
- Wrong Prefix Placement
- Incorrect: میسفر کنم. Correct: سفر میکنم. The 'mi' must go before the 'kon' part.
- Preposition Errors
- Using 'dar' (in) instead of 'be' (to). Incorrect: سفر کردن در پاریس. Correct: سفر کردن به پاریس.
اشتباه: من به لندن میسفر کنم. درست: من به لندن سفر میکنم.
There are several words related to travel in Persian, each with its own nuance.
- مسافرت کردن (mosaferat kardan)
- Very similar to 'safar kardan', but often implies a vacation or a leisure trip specifically.
- گردش کردن (gardesh kardan)
- To stroll, to sightsee, or to take a short outing.
- راهی شدن (raahi shodan)
- To set off, to start a journey.
ما برای گردش به پارک رفتیم، اما برای تعطیلات به شمال سفر کردیم.
How Formal Is It?
Schwierigkeitsgrad
Wichtige Grammatik
Compound Verb Conjugation
Prepositional Phrases
Subjunctive Mood with 'mikhaham'
Past Habitual Tense
Future Tense Formation
Beispiele nach Niveau
من به ایران سفر میکنم.
I travel to Iran.
Simple present tense.
آیا تو سفر میکنی؟
Do you travel?
Interrogative form.
ما با اتوبوس سفر کردیم.
We traveled by bus.
Simple past tense.
او به پاریس سفر کرد.
He/She traveled to Paris.
Third person singular past.
آنها سفر نمیکنند.
They do not travel.
Negative present tense.
من دوست دارم سفر کنم.
I like to travel.
Infinitive use with 'doost dashtan'.
سفر کردن خوب است.
Traveling is good.
Gerund/Noun use.
کجا سفر میکنی؟
Where are you traveling to?
Question word 'koja'.
من همیشه در تابستان سفر میکنم.
I always travel in summer.
Use of frequency adverb 'hamishe'.
او میخواهد به ژاپن سفر کند.
He wants to travel to Japan.
Subjunctive mood.
ما فردا سفر خواهیم کرد.
We will travel tomorrow.
Future tense.
آیا شما با هواپیما سفر کردید؟
Did you travel by plane?
Past tense with instrument 'ba'.
او در حال سفر کردن است.
He is currently traveling.
Present continuous.
من هرگز تنهایی سفر نمیکنم.
I never travel alone.
Negative with 'hargez'.
سفر کردن به کوهستان سخت است.
Traveling to the mountains is hard.
Adjective 'sakht' (hard).
آنها به خاطر کار سفر کردند.
They traveled for work.
Reason 'be khatere'.
وقتی بچه بودم، زیاد سفر میکردیم.
When I was a child, we used to travel a lot.
Imperfect tense (past habitual).
اگر وقت داشتم، بیشتر سفر میکردم.
If I had time, I would travel more.
Conditional sentence.
او قبل از اینکه ازدواج کند، به هند سفر کرده بود.
He had traveled to India before he got married.
Past perfect tense.
سفر کردن به کشورهای دور تجربه جالبی است.
Traveling to far countries is an interesting experience.
Complex subject.
باید برای سفر کردن برنامهریزی کنیم.
We must plan for traveling.
Modal 'bayad'.
او از سفر کردن لذت میبرد.
He enjoys traveling.
Verb 'lezzat bordan' with 'az'.
آنها قصد دارند به دور دنیا سفر کنند.
They intend to travel around the world.
Phrase 'ghasd dashtan'.
سفر کردن به تنهایی شجاعت میخواهد.
Traveling alone requires courage.
Abstract noun 'shoja'at'.
سفر کردن باعث میشود با فرهنگهای جدید آشنا شویم.
Traveling causes us to become familiar with new cultures.
Causative structure.
او به جای هواپیما، با قطار سفر کردن را ترجیح میدهد.
He prefers traveling by train instead of plane.
Comparison 'be jaye'.
بسیاری از نویسندگان درباره سفر کردن کتاب نوشتهاند.
Many writers have written books about traveling.
Present perfect.
سفر کردن در زمانهای قدیم بسیار خطرناک بود.
Traveling in ancient times was very dangerous.
Historical context.
او تمام زندگیاش را صرف سفر کردن کرد.
He spent his whole life traveling.
Verb 'sarf kardan'.
سفر کردن بدون نقشه میتواند مشکلساز باشد.
Traveling without a map can be problematic.
Preposition 'bedune' (without).
او به محض اینکه پولدار شد، شروع به سفر کردن کرد.
As soon as he became rich, he started traveling.
Conjunction 'be mahze inke'.
سفر کردن به مناطق جنگی توصیه نمیشود.
Traveling to war zones is not recommended.
Passive voice implied.
سفر کردن در اشعار عرفانی نمادی از سیر و سلوک است.
Traveling in mystical poems is a symbol of spiritual journey.
Literary analysis.
او با هدف تحقیق درباره زبانهای محلی سفر میکرد.
He traveled with the goal of researching local languages.
Purpose clause.
سفر کردن به اعماق تاریخ از طریق مطالعه ممکن است.
Traveling to the depths of history is possible through study.
Metaphorical use.
تأثیرات زیستمحیطی سفر کردن با هواپیما نگرانکننده است.
The environmental impacts of traveling by plane are concerning.
Scientific context.
او از هر فرصتی برای سفر کردن به نقاط بکر استفاده میکند.
He uses every opportunity to travel to untouched spots.
Advanced idiom 'noghate bekr'.
سفر کردن به معنای واقعی کلمه، دیدگاه انسان را تغییر میدهد.
Traveling, in the literal sense of the word, changes a person's perspective.
Idiomatic phrase 'be ma'naye vaghe'i'.
علیرغم مشکلات مالی، او از سفر کردن دست نکشید.
Despite financial problems, he did not give up traveling.
Conjunction 'alayreghm-e'.
سفر کردن به فضا آرزوی دیرینه بشر بوده است.
Traveling to space has been a long-standing dream of humanity.
Historical aspiration.
سفر کردن، در غایت خود، مواجههای است با خویشتن.
Traveling, in its ultimate end, is an encounter with oneself.
Philosophical statement.
او با سفر کردن به اقصی نقاط جهان، به درکی عمیق از بشریت رسید.
By traveling to the farthest corners of the world, he reached a deep understanding of humanity.
High-level vocabulary 'aghsa noghat'.
سفر کردن در متون کلاسیک فارسی، غالباً با رنج و ریاضت همراه است.
Traveling in classical Persian texts is often accompanied by suffering and austerity.
Academic register.
مفهوم سفر کردن در عصر دیجیتال دستخوش تغییرات بنیادین شده است.
The concept of traveling has undergone fundamental changes in the digital age.
Sociological analysis.
او با سفر کردن به مرزهای دانش، نظریات جدیدی ارائه داد.
By traveling to the boundaries of knowledge, he presented new theories.
Abstract metaphor.
سفر کردن، نه به مثابه فرار، بلکه به عنوان جستجوی حقیقت نگریسته میشود.
Traveling is viewed not as an escape, but as a search for truth.
Formal contrast 'na be masabe... balke'.
او در سفر کردنهای بیپایانش، آرامش را در حرکت یافت.
In his endless travels, he found peace in motion.
Paradoxical expression.
سفر کردن به ما میآموزد که مرزها تنها خطوطی بر روی کاغذ هستند.
Traveling teaches us that borders are only lines on paper.
Humanistic perspective.
Häufige Kollokationen
Häufige Phrasen
Wird oft verwechselt mit
Redewendungen & Ausdrücke
Leicht verwechselbar
Satzmuster
So verwendest du es
'Safar' is slightly more formal/literary than 'mosaferat'.
Can be used interchangeably with 'mosaferat kardan' in 90% of cases.
- Saying 'mi-safar kardan' instead of 'safar mikonam'.
- Using 'dar' instead of 'be' for the destination.
- Confusing 'safar' (travel) with 'sofreh' (tablecloth).
- Forgetting the 'kardan' part entirely.
- Mispronouncing the 'r' at the end of 'safar'.
Tipps
Conjugation
Focus on the auxiliary verb 'kardan'. If you know how to conjugate 'kardan', you can use hundreds of Persian verbs.
Synonyms
Learn 'mosaferat kardan' alongside 'safar kardan' to sound more natural.
Nowruz
Mention 'safar' when talking about Nowruz to show cultural knowledge.
Fluency
Practice saying 'safar mikonam' quickly without a long pause between the words.
Spelling
Don't confuse 'سفر' (travel) with 'صفر' (zero). They sound the same but look different.
Context
If you hear 'safar', expect to hear a destination soon after.
Prepositions
Always pair 'safar' with 'be' for destinations and 'ba' for transport.
Proverbs
Use the proverb 'Safar pokhte konad kham-ra' to impress native speakers.
Roots
Knowing the Arabic root S-F-R helps you recognize related words like 'mosafer'.
Consistency
Try to use 'safar kardan' in a sentence every day this week.
Einprägen
Eselsbrücke
Think of 'Safari'. A safari is a type of 'Safar' (travel).
Wortherkunft
Arabic root S-F-R (سفر) meaning to uncover or to travel.
Kultureller Kontext
The peak season for travel in Iran.
A complex system of etiquette you will encounter while traveling.
Expect to be invited for tea while traveling.
Im Alltag üben
Kontexte aus dem Alltag
Gesprächseinstiege
"آیا دوست داری به خارج سفر کنی؟"
"بهترین جایی که به آن سفر کردی کجا بود؟"
"ترجیح میدهی با هواپیما سفر کنی یا قطار؟"
"دوست داری با چه کسی سفر کنی؟"
"برنامه بعدی تو برای سفر کردن چیست؟"
Tagebuch-Impulse
درباره آخرین باری که سفر کردی بنویس.
چرا سفر کردن برای انسان مهم است؟
اگر میتوانستی به هر جایی سفر کنی، کجا را انتخاب میکردی؟
سفر کردن چه تاثیری بر اخلاق تو دارد؟
یک سفر رویایی را توصیف کن.
Häufig gestellte Fragen
10 FragenIt is used in both formal and informal contexts, but it sounds slightly more elegant than 'mosaferat kardan'.
You say 'Man dar hal-e safar kardan hastam' or simply 'Safar mikonam'.
'Safar' is the root noun, while 'mosaferat' is a derived noun. Both are used to form verbs with 'kardan'.
No, for a short walk use 'ghadam zadan' or 'پیادهروی کردن'.
Yes, usually 'be' (to) for the destination.
Yes, it is of Arabic origin but fully integrated into Persian.
You can say 'Safar be kheyr'.
It is a travelogue or a book written about a journey.
Yes, you can say 'safar-e kari' (business trip).
The 'kardan' part is irregular in the present tense (stem: kon), which is standard for Persian compound verbs.
Teste dich selbst 180 Fragen
Write a sentence about traveling to Iran in the past tense.
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Write a sentence about wanting to travel to Japan.
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Translate: 'We will travel by train tomorrow.'
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Describe your favorite trip in 3 sentences.
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Write a formal sentence about a minister traveling to Germany.
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Use the idiom 'Safar be kheyr' in a dialogue.
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Explain why you like traveling in Persian.
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Write the negative present form for 'you' (plural).
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Translate: 'Traveling alone is a great experience.'
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Write a sentence using 'safar mikardam'.
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Translate: 'Have you ever traveled to space?'
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Write a sentence about traveling for work.
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Use 'ba havapeyma' in a sentence.
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Write the imperative form (singular).
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Translate: 'They are traveling right now.'
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Write a sentence about a spiritual journey.
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Use 'hazineh-ye safar' in a sentence.
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Translate: 'I never travel in winter.'
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Write a sentence about 'Safar-nameh'.
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Use 'ham-safar' in a sentence.
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Say 'I travel to Iran' in Persian.
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Say 'I traveled by plane' in Persian.
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Ask someone 'Where are you traveling to?'
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Say 'I like to travel' in Persian.
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Say 'Safe travels' to a friend.
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Say 'We will travel tomorrow' in Persian.
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Say 'I don't travel alone' in Persian.
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Describe your last trip in one sentence.
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Say 'Traveling is expensive' in Persian.
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Ask 'Did you travel by train?'
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Say 'I want to travel around the world.'
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Say 'He is currently traveling.'
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Say 'I used to travel a lot.'
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Say 'Traveling teaches us many things.'
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Say 'I prefer traveling by car.'
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Say 'Don't travel in winter.'
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Say 'Have a good trip!'
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Say 'I have never traveled to Asia.'
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Say 'Traveling is my hobby.'
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Say 'Let's travel together.'
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Listen and identify the destination: 'من به لندن سفر میکنم.'
Listen and identify the transport: 'ما با اتوبوس سفر کردیم.'
Listen and identify the tense: 'سفر خواهم کرد.'
Listen and identify the person: 'آنها سفر میکنند.'
Listen and identify the mood: 'کاش سفر میکردم.'
Listen: 'سفر به خیر'. When is this said?
Listen: 'او با کشتی سفر کرد.' How did he travel?
Listen: 'هزینه سفر زیاد است.' What is high?
Listen: 'من تنهایی سفر نمیکنم.' Does he travel alone?
Listen: 'سفرنامه را خواندی؟' What is being asked about?
Listen: 'فردا سفر میکنیم.' When are they traveling?
Listen: 'او به خاطر کار سفر کرد.' Why did he travel?
Listen: 'سفر خوبی بود.' How was the trip?
Listen: 'باید بار سفر را بست.' What needs to be done?
Listen: 'او همسفر من است.' Who is he?
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
To use 'safar kardan' correctly, remember it is a compound verb. Only conjugate the 'kardan' part (e.g., safar mikonam, safar kardam). It is the most versatile way to talk about trips and journeys in Persian.
- Safar kardan is the standard Persian verb for 'to travel'.
- It is a compound verb using the auxiliary 'kardan'.
- It requires the preposition 'be' for destinations.
- It is used in both formal and informal Persian contexts.
Conjugation
Focus on the auxiliary verb 'kardan'. If you know how to conjugate 'kardan', you can use hundreds of Persian verbs.
Synonyms
Learn 'mosaferat kardan' alongside 'safar kardan' to sound more natural.
Nowruz
Mention 'safar' when talking about Nowruz to show cultural knowledge.
Fluency
Practice saying 'safar mikonam' quickly without a long pause between the words.
Verwandte Inhalte
Verwandte Redewendungen
Mehr travel Wörter
عابر
A2A pedestrian, a person walking along a road or in a developed area.
عابر پیاده
A2Ein Fußgänger ist eine Person, die zu Fuß am Straßenverkehr teilnimmt.
عازم شدن
B1Sich auf den Weg zu einem bestimmten Ziel machen.
عبور کردن
A2Etwas überqueren oder durchqueren. Zum Beispiel die Straße überqueren oder die Grenze passieren.
عقب افتادن
B1Zurückbleiben. Hinter einem Zeitplan oder einer Gruppe zurückliegen.
عوارض
B1Eine Steuer oder Gebühr, die für die Nutzung einer Straße, Brücke oder Dienstleistung bezahlt wird. (A tax or fee paid for the use of a road, bridge, or service.) 'عوارض' bezieht sich oft auf Mautgebühren. ('عوارض' often refers to toll fees.)
عزیمت کردن
A2Das Verb 'عزیمت کردن' bedeutet abreisen, einen Ort verlassen, insbesondere um eine Reise anzutreten. Es ist eine formelle Art zu sagen 'abreisen'.
اقامت
A2Aufenthalt oder Wohnsitz an einem bestimmten Ort.
اقامت کردن
A2wohnen oder sich irgendwo aufhalten
اقامتگاه
A2Accommodation or a residence.