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سفر کردن

A1 verb #1,700 mais comum 4 min de leitura

سفر کردن

Q: Can I use 'safar kardan' for a short walk?

No, for a short walk use 'ghadam zadan' or 'پیادهروی کردن'.

safar kardan Top 1,700

Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas سفر کردن em 30 segundos

Explicação سفر کردن in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'safar kardan' is introduced as a basic compound verb. Students learn to use it in the simple present and simple past tenses to talk about their vacations or where they are from. The focus is on the structure: 'Safar' + 'mikonam/kardam'. Learners should be able to say 'I travel to Iran' or 'I traveled by bus'. It's one of the first compound verbs taught because of its high frequency in introductory conversations about hobbies and personal life. The grammar at this level focuses on the basic conjugation of 'kardan' and the use of the preposition 'be' (to).

At A2, learners expand their use of 'safar kardan' to include more complex sentences. They start using adverbs of frequency like 'hamishe' (always) or 'hargez' (never). They also learn to use the future tense: 'Safar khaham kard'. At this stage, the distinction between 'safar kardan' and 'mosaferat kardan' becomes more relevant, and students begin to use different modes of transport in their sentences. They might also start using the present continuous: 'Daram safar mikonam' (I am traveling right now).

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By B1, students use 'safar kardan' in more descriptive contexts. They can talk about the purpose of their travel using 'baraye' (for/to). They also begin to use the subjunctive mood: 'Mikhaham safar konam' (I want to travel). This level involves more nuanced storytelling about past trips, using the imperfect tense to describe ongoing actions in the past: 'Safar mikardam' (I used to travel). Learners also start to recognize the word in more formal contexts like news headlines or short stories.

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At the B2 level, 'safar kardan' is used in abstract and metaphorical ways. Students can discuss the pros and cons of travel, environmental impacts, and cultural exchange. They are comfortable with all tenses, including the past perfect and conditional. They can understand and use the verb in complex sentences with multiple clauses. For example: 'Agar pool dashtam, be dunya safar mikardam' (If I had money, I would travel the world). They also begin to explore the literary uses of the word in modern Persian prose.

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At C1, the learner understands the deep cultural and philosophical connotations of 'safar kardan'. They can analyze its use in classical poetry (like that of Saadi or Hafez) where travel is a metaphor for spiritual evolution. They can use the verb in highly formal academic or professional settings, such as discussing 'Safar-nameh' (travelogues) as a literary genre. Their vocabulary around the verb is extensive, including synonyms and related idioms that add color to their speech and writing.

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At the C2 level, the speaker has native-like command over 'safar kardan'. They can use it with subtle irony, poetic flair, or technical precision. They understand the etymological roots and how the word has evolved over centuries. They can engage in deep philosophical debates about the 'journey of life' using this verb and its derivatives. They are also aware of regional variations in how the verb might be used or substituted in different Persian-speaking countries like Afghanistan (Dari) or Tajikistan.

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Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas

سفر کردن em 30 segundos

Safar kardan is the standard Persian verb for 'to travel'.
It is a compound verb using the auxiliary 'kardan'.
It requires the preposition 'be' for destinations.
It is used in both formal and informal Persian contexts.

The Persian verb سفر کردن (safar kardan) is a compound verb that serves as the primary way to express the act of traveling or making a journey. In the Persian language, compound verbs are formed by combining a noun or adjective with a light verb, in this case, 'kardan' (to do/make). The word 'safar' itself is of Arabic origin, meaning 'journey' or 'travel'. When we use this verb, we are describing the movement from one geographical location to another, whether for pleasure, business, or necessity.

Core Concept: The act of leaving one's home or current location to visit another place, often involving distance and a period of time.
Grammatical Structure: It is a 'Compound Verb' (Fe'l-e Morakkab). The noun 'safar' remains static, while the auxiliary verb 'kardan' is conjugated to show person, tense, and mood.

من دوست دارم به شیراز سفر کنم.

In Persian culture, travel is highly regarded, often associated with gaining wisdom and experience. There is a famous Persian proverb: 'Safar pokhte konad kham-ra' (Travel ripens the raw/inexperienced person). This highlights that 'safar kardan' is not just about physical movement, but about spiritual and intellectual growth. Whether you are taking a short trip to a neighboring city or an international voyage, this verb covers all such activities.

آن‌ها هر سال به خارج از کشور سفر می‌کنند.

Nuance: While 'mosaferat kardan' is a synonym, 'safar kardan' is often perceived as slightly more poetic or formal in certain contexts, though they are largely interchangeable.

Historically, the concept of 'safar' in Persian literature often refers to the 'Safar-e Eshgh' (Journey of Love) or 'Safar-e Daruni' (Internal Journey). Sufi poets like Rumi and Attar used the verb 'safar kardan' to describe the soul's journey toward the Divine. This gives the word a depth that goes beyond just booking a flight or packing a suitcase. In modern usage, however, it is the standard term for any trip.

Using سفر کردن requires understanding how to conjugate the 'kardan' part while keeping 'safar' as a prefix. It is usually followed by the preposition به (be) to indicate the destination.

Present Tense: Prefix + mi + present stem (kon) + ending. Example: من سفر می‌کنم (I travel).
Past Tense: Prefix + past stem (kard) + ending. Example: ما سفر کردیم (We traveled).

آیا شما تا به حال به ایران سفر کرده‌اید؟

When talking about the mode of transport, you use the preposition با (ba) meaning 'with' or 'by'. For example, 'safar kardan ba هواپیما' (traveling by plane). This verb is versatile and can be used in the imperative form to encourage someone to see the world: 'Safar kon!' (Travel!).

او ترجیح می‌دهد با قطار سفر کند.

Negative Form: Add 'na' to the beginning of the auxiliary verb. Example: سفر نمی‌کنم (I don't travel).

You will encounter سفر کردن in various settings, from the mundane to the highly formal. It is a staple of travel agencies, news reports, and social media posts.

At the Airport: Announcements often use the noun form, but staff might ask: 'Be koja safar mikonid?' (Where are you traveling to?)

مسافران عزیز، آماده سفر کردن باشید.

In literature and music, 'safar kardan' often symbolizes parting or a change in life's direction. Many Persian songs use this verb to describe a lover leaving or a person seeking a new destiny. In news broadcasts, it is used to describe diplomatic visits: 'Vazir be Alman safar kard' (The minister traveled to Germany).

Learners often make specific errors when using سفر کردن. Because it is a compound verb, the most common mistake is treating it like a single unit or misplacing the 'mi' prefix.

Wrong Prefix Placement: Incorrect: می‌سفر کنم. Correct: سفر می‌کنم. The 'mi' must go before the 'kon' part.
Preposition Errors: Using 'dar' (in) instead of 'be' (to). Incorrect: سفر کردن در پاریس. Correct: سفر کردن به پاریس.

اشتباه: من به لندن می‌سفر کنم. درست: من به لندن سفر می‌کنم.

There are several words related to travel in Persian, each with its own nuance.

مسافرت کردن (mosaferat kardan): Very similar to 'safar kardan', but often implies a vacation or a leisure trip specifically.
گردش کردن (gardesh kardan): To stroll, to sightsee, or to take a short outing.
راهی شدن (raahi shodan): To set off, to start a journey.

ما برای گردش به پارک رفتیم، اما برای تعطیلات به شمال سفر کردیم.

How Formal Is It?

Nível de dificuldade

Gramática essencial

Compound Verb Conjugation

Prepositional Phrases

Subjunctive Mood with 'mikhaham'

Past Habitual Tense

Future Tense Formation

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Exemplos por nível

من به ایران سفر می‌کنم.

I travel to Iran.

Simple present tense.

آیا تو سفر می‌کنی؟

Do you travel?

Interrogative form.

ما با اتوبوس سفر کردیم.

We traveled by bus.

Simple past tense.

او به پاریس سفر کرد.

He/She traveled to Paris.

Third person singular past.

آن‌ها سفر نمی‌کنند.

They do not travel.

Negative present tense.

من دوست دارم سفر کنم.

I like to travel.

Infinitive use with 'doost dashtan'.

سفر کردن خوب است.

Traveling is good.

Gerund/Noun use.

کجا سفر می‌کنی؟

Where are you traveling to?

Question word 'koja'.

من همیشه در تابستان سفر می‌کنم.

I always travel in summer.

Use of frequency adverb 'hamishe'.

او می‌خواهد به ژاپن سفر کند.

He wants to travel to Japan.

Subjunctive mood.

ما فردا سفر خواهیم کرد.

We will travel tomorrow.

Future tense.

آیا شما با هواپیما سفر کردید؟

Did you travel by plane?

Past tense with instrument 'ba'.

او در حال سفر کردن است.

He is currently traveling.

Present continuous.

من هرگز تنهایی سفر نمی‌کنم.

I never travel alone.

Negative with 'hargez'.

سفر کردن به کوهستان سخت است.

Traveling to the mountains is hard.

Adjective 'sakht' (hard).

آن‌ها به خاطر کار سفر کردند.

They traveled for work.

Reason 'be khatere'.

وقتی بچه بودم، زیاد سفر می‌کردیم.

When I was a child, we used to travel a lot.

Imperfect tense (past habitual).

اگر وقت داشتم، بیشتر سفر می‌کردم.

If I had time, I would travel more.

Conditional sentence.

او قبل از اینکه ازدواج کند، به هند سفر کرده بود.

He had traveled to India before he got married.

Past perfect tense.

سفر کردن به کشورهای دور تجربه جالبی است.

Traveling to far countries is an interesting experience.

Complex subject.

باید برای سفر کردن برنامه‌ریزی کنیم.

We must plan for traveling.

Modal 'bayad'.

او از سفر کردن لذت می‌برد.

He enjoys traveling.

Verb 'lezzat bordan' with 'az'.

آن‌ها قصد دارند به دور دنیا سفر کنند.

They intend to travel around the world.

Phrase 'ghasd dashtan'.

سفر کردن به تنهایی شجاعت می‌خواهد.

Traveling alone requires courage.

Abstract noun 'shoja'at'.

سفر کردن باعث می‌شود با فرهنگ‌های جدید آشنا شویم.

Traveling causes us to become familiar with new cultures.

Causative structure.

او به جای هواپیما، با قطار سفر کردن را ترجیح می‌دهد.

He prefers traveling by train instead of plane.

Comparison 'be jaye'.

بسیاری از نویسندگان درباره سفر کردن کتاب نوشته‌اند.

Many writers have written books about traveling.

Present perfect.

سفر کردن در زمان‌های قدیم بسیار خطرناک بود.

Traveling in ancient times was very dangerous.

Historical context.

او تمام زندگی‌اش را صرف سفر کردن کرد.

He spent his whole life traveling.

Verb 'sarf kardan'.

سفر کردن بدون نقشه می‌تواند مشکل‌ساز باشد.

Traveling without a map can be problematic.

Preposition 'bedune' (without).

او به محض اینکه پولدار شد، شروع به سفر کردن کرد.

As soon as he became rich, he started traveling.

Conjunction 'be mahze inke'.

سفر کردن به مناطق جنگی توصیه نمی‌شود.

Traveling to war zones is not recommended.

Passive voice implied.

سفر کردن در اشعار عرفانی نمادی از سیر و سلوک است.

Traveling in mystical poems is a symbol of spiritual journey.

Literary analysis.

او با هدف تحقیق درباره زبان‌های محلی سفر می‌کرد.

He traveled with the goal of researching local languages.

Purpose clause.

سفر کردن به اعماق تاریخ از طریق مطالعه ممکن است.

Traveling to the depths of history is possible through study.

Metaphorical use.

تأثیرات زیست‌محیطی سفر کردن با هواپیما نگران‌کننده است.

The environmental impacts of traveling by plane are concerning.

Scientific context.

او از هر فرصتی برای سفر کردن به نقاط بکر استفاده می‌کند.

He uses every opportunity to travel to untouched spots.

Advanced idiom 'noghate bekr'.

سفر کردن به معنای واقعی کلمه، دیدگاه انسان را تغییر می‌دهد.

Traveling, in the literal sense of the word, changes a person's perspective.

Idiomatic phrase 'be ma'naye vaghe'i'.

علیرغم مشکلات مالی، او از سفر کردن دست نکشید.

Despite financial problems, he did not give up traveling.

Conjunction 'alayreghm-e'.

سفر کردن به فضا آرزوی دیرینه بشر بوده است.

Traveling to space has been a long-standing dream of humanity.

Historical aspiration.

سفر کردن، در غایت خود، مواجهه‌ای است با خویشتن.

Traveling, in its ultimate end, is an encounter with oneself.

Philosophical statement.

او با سفر کردن به اقصی نقاط جهان، به درکی عمیق از بشریت رسید.

By traveling to the farthest corners of the world, he reached a deep understanding of humanity.

High-level vocabulary 'aghsa noghat'.

سفر کردن در متون کلاسیک فارسی، غالباً با رنج و ریاضت همراه است.

Traveling in classical Persian texts is often accompanied by suffering and austerity.

Academic register.

مفهوم سفر کردن در عصر دیجیتال دستخوش تغییرات بنیادین شده است.

The concept of traveling has undergone fundamental changes in the digital age.

Sociological analysis.

او با سفر کردن به مرزهای دانش، نظریات جدیدی ارائه داد.

By traveling to the boundaries of knowledge, he presented new theories.

Abstract metaphor.

سفر کردن، نه به مثابه فرار، بلکه به عنوان جستجوی حقیقت نگریسته می‌شود.

Traveling is viewed not as an escape, but as a search for truth.

Formal contrast 'na be masabe... balke'.

او در سفر کردن‌های بی‌پایانش، آرامش را در حرکت یافت.

In his endless travels, he found peace in motion.

Paradoxical expression.

سفر کردن به ما می‌آموزد که مرزها تنها خطوطی بر روی کاغذ هستند.

Traveling teaches us that borders are only lines on paper.

Humanistic perspective.

Colocações comuns

سفر کردن به خارج

سفر کردن با هواپیما

سفر کردن با قطار

سفر کردن با کشتی

سفر کردن به تنهایی

سفر کردن با خانواده

قصد سفر کردن

علاقه به سفر کردن

هزینه سفر کردن

لذت سفر کردن

Frases Comuns

سفر کردن به دور دنیا

سفر کردن در زمان

سفر کردن برای کار

سفر کردن برای تحصیل

سفر کردن در تعطیلات

سفر کردن به شمال

سفر کردن با تور

سفر کردن سبک (با بار کم)

سفر کردن در جوانی

سفر کردن به فضا

Frequentemente confundido com

سفر کردن vs سفر (safar)

سفر کردن vs صفر (sefr)

سفر کردن vs سفره (sofreh)

Expressões idiomáticas

"سفر به خیر (Bon voyage)"

"همسفر بودن (To be fellow travelers)"

"بار سفر بستن (To pack for a journey)"

"سفر کردن در دل تاریخ (To travel into the heart of history)"

"سفر کردن با پای پیاده (To travel on foot)"

"سفر کردن در رویا (To travel in dreams)"

"سفر کردن به دیار باقی (To pass away - euphemism)"

"سفر پخته کند خام را (Travel ripens the inexperienced)"

"هزار فرسنگ سفر با یک قدم شروع می‌شود (A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step)"

"سفر کردن در خود (To travel within oneself)"

Fácil de confundir

سفر کردن vs

Padrões de frases

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Como usar

Formal vs Informal

'Safar' is slightly more formal/literary than 'mosaferat'.

Interchangeability

Can be used interchangeably with 'mosaferat kardan' in 90% of cases.

Erros comuns

Saying 'mi-safar kardan' instead of 'safar mikonam'.
Using 'dar' instead of 'be' for the destination.
Confusing 'safar' (travel) with 'sofreh' (tablecloth).
Forgetting the 'kardan' part entirely.
Mispronouncing the 'r' at the end of 'safar'.

Dicas

Conjugation

Focus on the auxiliary verb 'kardan'. If you know how to conjugate 'kardan', you can use hundreds of Persian verbs.

Synonyms

Learn 'mosaferat kardan' alongside 'safar kardan' to sound more natural.

Nowruz

Mention 'safar' when talking about Nowruz to show cultural knowledge.

Fluency

Practice saying 'safar mikonam' quickly without a long pause between the words.

Spelling

Don't confuse 'سفر' (travel) with 'صفر' (zero). They sound the same but look different.

Context

If you hear 'safar', expect to hear a destination soon after.

Prepositions

Always pair 'safar' with 'be' for destinations and 'ba' for transport.

Proverbs

Use the proverb 'Safar pokhte konad kham-ra' to impress native speakers.

Roots

Knowing the Arabic root S-F-R helps you recognize related words like 'mosafer'.

Consistency

Try to use 'safar kardan' in a sentence every day this week.

Memorize

Mnemônico

Think of 'Safari'. A safari is a type of 'Safar' (travel).

Origem da palavra

Arabic root S-F-R (سفر) meaning to uncover or to travel.

Contexto cultural

The peak season for travel in Iran.

A complex system of etiquette you will encounter while traveling.

Expect to be invited for tea while traveling.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Iniciadores de conversa

"آیا دوست داری به خارج سفر کنی؟"

"بهترین جایی که به آن سفر کردی کجا بود؟"

"ترجیح می‌دهی با هواپیما سفر کنی یا قطار؟"

"دوست داری با چه کسی سفر کنی؟"

"برنامه بعدی تو برای سفر کردن چیست؟"

Temas para diário

درباره آخرین باری که سفر کردی بنویس.

چرا سفر کردن برای انسان مهم است؟

اگر می‌توانستی به هر جایی سفر کنی، کجا را انتخاب می‌کردی؟

سفر کردن چه تاثیری بر اخلاق تو دارد؟

یک سفر رویایی را توصیف کن.

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

It is used in both formal and informal contexts, but it sounds slightly more elegant than 'mosaferat kardan'.

You say 'Man dar hal-e safar kardan hastam' or simply 'Safar mikonam'.

'Safar' is the root noun, while 'mosaferat' is a derived noun. Both are used to form verbs with 'kardan'.

No, for a short walk use 'ghadam zadan' or 'پیاده‌روی کردن'.

Yes, usually 'be' (to) for the destination.

Yes, it is of Arabic origin but fully integrated into Persian.

You can say 'Safar be kheyr'.

It is a travelogue or a book written about a journey.

Yes, you can say 'safar-e kari' (business trip).

The 'kardan' part is irregular in the present tense (stem: kon), which is standard for Persian compound verbs.

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