When using the verb 「貰う」(morau), it indicates that you are receiving something from someone. This can be a physical object or an action. For example, if someone gives you a book, you would say you 「本を貰った」 (hon o moratta), meaning "I received a book."
It's often used when you are the recipient of a favor or benefit. For instance, if someone teaches you something, you can say 「教えてもらった」 (oshiete moratta), meaning "I had them teach me" or "I was taught." The nuance is that you benefited from their action.
Remember that the giver is usually marked with 「に」 or 「から」. So, 「友達に本を貰った」 (tomodachi ni hon o moratta) means "I received a book from a friend."
It's a very common and practical verb to express receiving, and it's essential for everyday conversations.
When using the verb 貰う (morau), it's important to understand the direction of the action. This verb means 'to receive,' but specifically when you (or someone in your group) receive something from someone else.
The giver is marked with the particle に (ni) or から (kara), and the thing being received is marked with を (o). It can be used for receiving objects, favors, or even actions performed for you.
When using the verb 「貰う」 (morau), it's important to understand the nuance of receiving something from someone. This verb is generally used when the receiver benefits from the action, and it often implies a sense of gratitude or a favor being done for the receiver. The particle 「に」 or 「から」 is used to mark the giver. For example, 「友達にプレゼントを貰う」 (tomodachi ni purezento o morau) means "to receive a present from a friend."
How Formal Is It?
"お手紙をいただき、誠にありがとうございます。 (O-tegami o itadaki, makoto ni arigatō gozaimasu.) Thank you very much for receiving your letter."
"友達からプレゼントをもらった。 (Tomodachi kara purezento o moratta.) I received a present from my friend."
"これ、もらっていい？ (Kore, moratte ii?) Can I have this? (Literally: Is it okay if I receive this?)"
"おもちゃ、もらったよ！ (Omocha, moratta yo!) I got a toy!"
"レアアイテム、ゲトったぜ！ (Rea aitemu, getotta ze!) I got a rare item!"
Schwierigkeitsgrad
The kanji for 'morau' is relatively simple and common, but it can be written in hiragana as well. The reading itself is straightforward.
The kanji for 'morau' has few strokes and is not difficult to write. However, knowing when to use the kanji versus hiragana requires practice.
The pronunciation of 'morau' is straightforward. The main difficulty lies in correctly understanding its usage in different social contexts.
The sound of 'morau' is distinct and not easily confused with other words. Understanding the context of receiving is key.
Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest
Voraussetzungen
Als Nächstes lernen
Fortgeschritten
Wichtige Grammatik
The basic structure for 'to receive' is [Giver] に/から [Receiver] が [Object] を 貰う (morau). This means the receiver gets something from the giver. However, when you are the receiver, you often omit 'から 私が' (kara watashi ga) because it's understood.
友達にプレゼントを貰いました。 (Tomodachi ni purezento o moraimashita.) - I received a present from my friend.
When expressing that someone did something for you (a favor), you use the て-form of the verb + 貰う (morau). This construction implies gratitude from the receiver.
先生に日本語を教えて貰いました。 (Sensei ni nihongo o oshiete moraimashita.) - My teacher taught me Japanese for me (I received the favor of being taught).
It can be used in a slightly less direct way to mean 'to be given' or 'to have someone do something for you' where the giver is less emphasized.
母に手伝って貰いました。 (Haha ni tetsudatte moraimashita.) - My mother helped me (I received help from my mother).
Be mindful of politeness levels. While 貰う (morau) is a common verb, for higher politeness when talking about receiving something from a superior, you might use 頂く (itadaku) as an honorific equivalent.
社長に資料を頂きました。 (Shachō ni shiryō o itadakimashita.) - I received the documents from the company president. (More polite than 貰う)
When the object received is an abstract concept or a service, the nuance remains the same: you are the recipient. The structure is [Giver] に/から [Object/Service] を 貰う.
彼からアドバイスを貰った。 (Kare kara adobaisu o moratta.) - I received advice from him.
Beispiele nach Niveau
友達に誕生日プレゼントを貰った。
I received a birthday present from my friend.
A common use of 貰う (morau) is to receive an item from someone. The giver is marked by に (ni).
先生に日本語を教えて貰いました。
I had my teacher teach me Japanese.
貰う can also be used for receiving an action or favor. Here, 貰いました (moraimashita) shows receiving the favor of being taught.
この本は図書館から貰ってきた。
I borrowed this book from the library.
貰ってくる (moratte kuru) means to go get something and bring it back, implying receiving it.
お母さんに新しい服を買って貰った。
My mother bought me new clothes.
Here, 貰った (moratta) indicates receiving the favor of new clothes being bought by someone. The giver is marked by に (ni).
会社からボーナスを貰った。
I received a bonus from the company.
This is a straightforward use of 貰う to mean 'to receive money' or 'to get something' from a source.
友達に手伝って貰って、引っ越しが終わった。
My friend helped me, and the move was finished.
Again, 貰う is used for receiving a favor (being helped). The helper is marked by に (ni).
彼女からメールの返事を貰った。
I received an email reply from her.
This demonstrates receiving communication or information. The sender is marked by から (kara).
上司に仕事を貰った。
I was given work by my boss.
In this context, 貰う means 'to be assigned' or 'to be given' a task. The giver is marked by に (ni).
友達に誕生日プレゼントを貰った。
I received a birthday present from my friend.
A common use of 貰う (morau) is to receive an item from someone. The particle に (ni) marks the giver.
上司から新しいプロジェクトの担当を貰いました。
I was given responsibility for a new project by my boss.
貰う can also be used for receiving non-physical things like responsibilities or opportunities.
子供から手作りのクッキーを貰って、とても嬉しかった。
I was very happy to receive handmade cookies from my child.
This example shows the emotional impact of receiving something. The giver is marked with から (kara).
駅で道に迷っていたら、親切な人に助けて貰った。
When I was lost at the station, a kind person helped me.
Here, 貰う is used in the causative-passive form (~て貰う) to mean 'to have someone do something for you' or 'to receive the favor of someone doing something'.
先生に作文を直して貰いました。
I had my essay corrected by my teacher.
Another example of the ~て貰う form, indicating a favor received. The particle に marks the person who performed the action.
この本は先輩に貸して貰ったものです。
This book is something I borrowed from my senior.
In this context, 貰う can imply borrowing, as you are receiving the item for a period of time.
彼女からメールの返信を貰うのを待っている。
I'm waiting to receive a reply to my email from her.
貰う can refer to receiving communications. The particle から marks the sender.
ボランティア活動に参加して、多くの経験を貰うことができた。
By participating in volunteer activities, I was able to gain a lot of experience.
This sentence illustrates receiving abstract things like experiences or knowledge. The verb 'できる' (dekiru) indicates ability.
Wird oft verwechselt mit
When someone gives to you or your ingroup.
When you give to someone or your ingroup gives to an outgroup.
Humble form of 貰う (morau).
Grammatikmuster
Leicht verwechselbar
Both くれる and 貰う (morau) mean 'to receive,' but they are used from different perspectives. Learners often confuse when to use which verb.
くれる is used when someone *gives* something to *you* or to your ingroup. The action comes towards the speaker. 貰う (morau) is used when *you receive* something from someone, or when someone in your ingroup receives something from an outgroup member. The focus is on the receiver's action.
友達が私にお菓子をくれた。 (Tomodachi ga watashi ni okashi o kureta.) - My friend gave me sweets. (Focus on friend giving to me.)
あげる means 'to give,' which is the opposite of 'to receive.' However, when discussing transactions, learners might mix up the direction of the action.
あげる is used when *you give* something to someone, or when someone in your ingroup gives something to an outgroup member. The action goes away from the speaker.
私が友達にプレゼントをあげた。 (Watashi ga tomodachi ni purezento o ageta.) - I gave a present to my friend. (Focus on me giving to friend.)
いただく is the humble form of 貰う (morau) and often causes confusion due to its similar meaning but different politeness level.
いただく is used in more formal or polite situations when receiving something, especially from someone of higher status. 貰う (morau) is the plain form.
先生から本をいただいた。 (Sensei kara hon o itadaita.) - I received a book from my teacher. (Polite way of saying it.)
Both mean 'to receive,' but 受け取る often implies physically taking something in hand, while 貰う (morau) can be more general.
受け取る specifically means 'to take' or 'to accept' something, often a physical item or a document. 貰う (morau) can be used for physical items, but also for intangible things like advice or a favor.
荷物を受け取った。 (Nimotsu o uketotta.) - I received the package. (Physically took it.)
得る (eru) also means 'to obtain' or 'to gain,' which can overlap with the general sense of 'receiving.'
得る (eru) typically implies gaining or obtaining something through effort, achievement, or by chance (e.g., knowledge, a result, a benefit). 貰う (morau) focuses more on receiving something *given* by someone.
貴重な経験を得た。 (Kichou na keiken o eta.) - I gained valuable experience. (Obtained through effort/circumstance.)
Satzmuster
わたしは [人] に [物] を 貰う。
私は友達にプレゼントを貰う。 (I receive a present from my friend.)
[人] は わたしに [物] を 貰う。
彼は私に本を貰う。 (He receives a book from me.)
わたしは [人] に [動詞のて形] を 貰う。
私は友達に手伝ってもらう。 (I have my friend help me.)
[人] は わたしに [動詞のて形] を 貰う。
妹は私に宿題を見てもらう。 (My younger sister has me check her homework.)
[人] は [人] に [物] を 貰う。
田中さんは山田さんに辞書を貰う。 (Mr. Tanaka receives a dictionary from Mr. Yamada.)
[人] は [人] に [動詞のて形] を 貰う。
佐藤さんは先生に教えてもらう。 (Ms. Sato has the teacher teach her.)
〜て貰えないか。
手伝って貰えないか。 (Could you help me? / Would you mind helping me?)
〜て貰えませんか。
もう少しゆっくり話して貰えませんか。 (Could you speak a little more slowly?)
So verwendest du es
When 貰う (morau) means 'to receive,' it implies that the receiver is benefiting from the action. This verb is often used when someone gives you something, or does you a favor. It can be used for receiving tangible items, intangible things like advice, or even actions performed for you. The giver is usually marked with the particle から (kara) or に (ni).
A common mistake is confusing 貰う (morau) with あげる (ageru) or くれる (kureru). While all relate to giving and receiving, 貰う (morau) specifically focuses on the act of receiving from the perspective of the receiver. Don't use it if you are the one giving something; use あげる (ageru) for giving to others, or くれる (kureru) when someone gives something to you (the speaker) or your in-group.
Another mistake is using it inappropriately in terms of politeness. While 貰う (morau) is standard, for more formal situations or when showing respect, you might use its humble equivalent, いただく (itadaku).
Tipps
Basic Meaning of 貰う
Understand that 貰う (morau) primarily means 'to receive'. It's a fundamental verb for expressing receiving something from someone.
Particles with 貰う
When using 貰う, you'll often see the particle に (ni) to indicate who you received it from, and を (o) for what you received. For example: 友達に本を貰った (Tomodachi ni hon o moratta) - 'I received a book from a friend.'
Giving and Receiving Context
貰う is part of a larger system of giving and receiving verbs in Japanese (あげます, くれます, もらいます). Understand its role as the 'receiver's perspective' verb.
Implied Subject
The subject (who is receiving) is often implied if it's 'I' or 'we.' Context usually makes this clear.
Don't Confuse with あげる or くれる
While related, 貰う is from the perspective of the receiver. あげる (ageru) means 'to give' (from my perspective to others), and くれる (kureru) means 'to give' (from others to me/my in-group).
Using 貰う for Favors
You can also use 貰う when someone does a favor for you. For example: 先生に教えてもらった (Sensei ni oshiete moratta) - 'I had the teacher teach me.' (literally: I received the favor of the teacher teaching).
Politeness Levels
The plain form is 貰う (morau). The polite form is 貰います (moraimasu). For higher politeness, especially when receiving from a superior, you might use いただく (itadaku), which is the humble equivalent. This shows respect to the giver.
Common Expressions with 貰う
Look for common phrases like 宿題を貰う (shukudai o morau) - 'to receive homework' or プレゼントを貰う (purezento o morau) - 'to receive a present.'
Passive Voice Implication
While not strictly passive, the 'favor receiving' use of 貰う can sometimes feel similar to a passive construction in English, as something is being done *to* or *for* you.
Practice with Examples
The best way to master 貰う is through consistent practice. Try to form your own sentences describing things you have received.
Teste dich selbst 78 Fragen
私は友達にプレゼントを___ました。
「もらう」は「もらい」と活用し、「〜ました」と組み合わせることで過去形になります。友達からプレゼントを受け取った状況を表します。
誕生日に、家族からケーキを___。
「もらいます」は「〜ます」と組み合わせることで丁寧な現在形（または未来形）になります。家族からケーキを受け取ることを表します。
先生に本を___ました。
「もらう」は「もらい」と活用し、「〜ました」と組み合わせることで過去形になります。先生から本を受け取った状況を表します。
昨日、お父さんからお菓子をたくさん___。
「もらいました」は「〜ました」と組み合わせることで過去形になります。お父さんからお菓子を受け取ったことを表します。
お母さんに新しいペンを___たいです。
「もらう」は「もらい」と活用し、「〜たいです」と組み合わせることで「〜したい」という希望を表します。お母さんから新しいペンを受け取りたいという気持ちを表します。
友達に手紙を___ました。
「もらう」は「もらい」と活用し、「〜ました」と組み合わせることで過去形になります。友達から手紙を受け取った状況を表します。
This sentence means 'I receive a present.' The particle を (o) marks the direct object 'present'.
This means 'He received a letter.' The past tense of 貰う (morau) is 貰った (moratta).
This means 'I received a souvenir from a friend.' から (kara) indicates the origin or source.
昨日、友達にプレゼントを___ました。
「もらう」は「もらう」の過去形「もらいました」のます形「もらい」を使って、友達からプレゼントを受け取ったことを表します。
誕生日に家族から手紙を___たいです。
「もらいたい」は「もらう」の動詞のて形に「たい」を付けて、手紙を受け取りたいという希望を表します。
先生に漢字の書き方を___ました。
この文脈では、先生から漢字の書き方を「習う (learn)」が最も自然です。「もらい」は贈り物や物を受け取る際に使われることが多いです。
お医者さんに薬を___ました。
お医者さんから薬を「もらう」は、薬を処方してもらい受け取ったことを表します。
彼女は彼に花を___ました。
「もらう」は、他の人から物を受け取るときに使います。ここでは、彼から花を受け取ったことを示します。
銀行からお金を___ました。
銀行からお金を「もらう」は、お金を引き出したり受け取ったりする意味で使われます。
What did you receive from your friend?
Who gave you the book?
What did you get from your family on your birthday?
Read this aloud:
友達からプレゼントをもらいました。
Focus: もらい
Du hast gesagt:
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Read this aloud:
先生に本をもらいました。
Focus: もらいました
Du hast gesagt:
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Read this aloud:
誕生日に家族から手紙をもらいました。
Focus: てがみをもらいました
Du hast gesagt:
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You received a gift from a friend. Write a short thank you note in Japanese, mentioning what you received.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
友達からプレゼントを貰いました。ありがとうございます！ (I received a present from my friend. Thank you very much!)
Your teacher gave you some homework. Write a sentence saying you received it.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
先生から宿題を貰いました。(I received homework from the teacher.)
Imagine you received a letter. Write a sentence in Japanese stating that you received a letter.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
手紙を貰いました。(I received a letter.)
What did the speaker receive?
Read this passage:
友達が私に本をくれました。私は友達から本を貰いました。この本はとても面白いです。
What did the speaker receive?
The passage states 「私は友達から本を貰いました」 (I received a book from my friend).
The passage states 「私は友達から本を貰いました」 (I received a book from my friend).
What did the speaker receive on their birthday?
Read this passage:
誕生日に家族から素敵な花を貰いました。花はとてもきれいです。嬉しいです。
What did the speaker receive on their birthday?
The passage says 「家族から素敵な花を貰いました」 (I received beautiful flowers from my family).
The passage says 「家族から素敵な花を貰いました」 (I received beautiful flowers from my family).
What did the speaker receive at the restaurant?
Read this passage:
レストランで、美味しい料理を貰いました。お腹がいっぱいです。また行きたいです。
What did the speaker receive at the restaurant?
The passage states 「美味しい料理を貰いました」 (I received delicious food).
The passage states 「美味しい料理を貰いました」 (I received delicious food).
昨日、友達に誕生日プレゼントを___ました。
「貰う」(もらう) is used when you receive something. Here, the speaker received a birthday present from a friend.
先生に宿題のヒントを___ことができて、助かりました。
The sentence indicates that the speaker received a hint for their homework from the teacher, so 「もらった」 (received) is the correct choice.
この本は、図書館で___ことができます。
The phrase 「もらうことができます」 means 'can receive'. In this context, you can receive (borrow) the book from the library.
おばあちゃんから手作りのセーターを___、とても嬉しかった。
「もらって」 is the te-form of 「もらう」 (to receive). It connects with the feeling of happiness after receiving the sweater from the grandmother.
メールアドレスを教えて___、連絡します。
「もらったら」 means 'if I receive'. The speaker is asking to receive the email address so they can contact the other person.
部長から新しいプロジェクトの担当を___ことになった。
The speaker received the responsibility for a new project from their boss. Therefore, 「もらう」 (to receive) is the appropriate verb.
You received a present from your friend. What did you receive?
You received teaching from your teacher. Who taught you?
This book was received from the library. Where did you get the book?
Read this aloud:
家族から手紙を貰いましたか？
Focus: てがみ
Du hast gesagt:
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Read this aloud:
誕生日に何を貰いたいですか？
Focus: たんじょうび
Du hast gesagt:
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Read this aloud:
彼からアドバイスを貰うべきだと思います。
Focus: アドバイス
Du hast gesagt:
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The typical Japanese sentence structure is Subject-Indirect Object-Direct Object-Verb. So, 'I' (私は) 'from friend' (友達に) 'book' (本を) 'received' (貰いました).
'On my birthday' (誕生日に) 'from him' (彼から) 'a wonderful' (素敵な) 'present' (プレゼントを) 'I received' (貰った).
'From the teacher' (先生に) 'polite' (丁寧な) 'advice' (アドバイスを) 'receiving' (貰えて) 'I was glad' (嬉しかった).
先月、彼から素敵なプレゼントを___。
「もらう」は「（人から）もらう」の形で、何かを受け取る際に使います。この文脈では、「彼から素敵なプレゼントを受け取った」という意味になります。
この本は先生に___ものです。
「いただく」は「もらう」の謙譲語で、目上の人から何かを受け取る際に使います。ここでは先生から本を受け取った、という敬意を表す表現が適切です。
友達に宿題を手伝って___。
「〜てもらう」は「〜してもらう」の形で、誰かに何かをしてもらうことを表します。この文脈では「友達に宿題を手伝ってもらった」という意味になります。
上司にプロジェクトのレビューを___。
「〜ていただく」は「〜てもらう」の謙譲語で、目上の人に何かをしてもらう際に使います。上司にレビューをしてもらった、という敬意を表す表現が適切です。
おばあちゃんから手作りのマフラーを___。
「もらう」は親しい人や目下の人から何かを受け取る際に使われます。おばあちゃんからマフラーを受け取った、という意味になります。
社長に直接アドバイスを___機会がありました。
「いただく」は「もらう」の謙譲語で、目上の人から何かを受け取る際に使います。社長からアドバイスをもらう、という敬意を表す表現が適切です。
Imagine you received a surprising gift. Describe what it was, who gave it to you, and how you felt receiving it. Use 貰う at least once.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
先日、友人からずっと欲しかった本をプレゼントで貰いました。まさか貰えるとは思っていなかったので、とても驚きましたし、本当に嬉しかったです。大切に読みたいと思います。
You are writing a thank you note to a colleague who helped you with a difficult project. Express your gratitude and mention what kind of support you received. Use 貰う at least once.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
先日はプロジェクトで大変お世話になりました。あなたの的確なアドバイスを貰えたおかげで、無事に問題を解決することができました。本当にありがとうございました。今後ともよろしくお願いいたします。
Describe a situation where you 'received' an unexpected opportunity or piece of information. How did it impact you? Use 貰う at least once.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
先日、上司から海外出張の機会を貰いました。以前から行きたいと思っていた国だったので、とても興奮しています。この経験を通じて、さらに成長できるよう頑張ります。
田中さんは何に対して感謝の気持ちを伝えていますか？
Read this passage:
A: 田中さん、この前のお礼に何かおごりますよ。 B: いやいや、そんなことないですよ。こちらこそ、いつも助けて貰っていますから。 A: そう言わずに。ところで、来月の会議ですが、資料はもう貰いましたか？ B: はい、先日メールで貰いました。確認しておきますね。
田中さんは何に対して感謝の気持ちを伝えていますか？
Bの発言「こちらこそ、いつも助けて貰っていますから」から、田中さんがAさんに日頃助けて貰っていることへの感謝だとわかります。
Bの発言「こちらこそ、いつも助けて貰っていますから」から、田中さんがAさんに日頃助けて貰っていることへの感謝だとわかります。
筆者は奨学金を貰ったことで、どのように感じていますか？
Read this passage:
先日、大学の奨学金を貰うことができました。学費の負担が軽くなり、これで安心して勉強に集中できます。これもひとえに、私の努力を評価してくれた大学と、支えてくれた家族のおかげです。この感謝の気持ちを忘れずに、今後の学業に励んでいきたいと思っています。
筆者は奨学金を貰ったことで、どのように感じていますか？
「学費の負担が軽くなり、これで安心して勉強に集中できます」という記述から、筆者が奨学金を得て安心していることがわかります。
「学費の負担が軽くなり、これで安心して勉強に集中できます」という記述から、筆者が奨学金を得て安心していることがわかります。
日本の文化において、何かを貰う際に大切な作法は何ですか？
Read this passage:
日本の文化では、何かを貰う際には両手で受け取るのが丁寧な態度とされています。特に目上の人から物を受け取る場合は、感謝の気持ちを表すためにも、この作法を心がけることが大切です。また、貰ったものに対しては、後日改めてお礼を伝えるのが一般的です。
日本の文化において、何かを貰う際に大切な作法は何ですか？
「両手で受け取るのが丁寧な態度とされています」と「貰ったものに対しては、後日改めてお礼を伝えるのが一般的です」という記述から導き出せます。
「両手で受け取るのが丁寧な態度とされています」と「貰ったものに対しては、後日改めてお礼を伝えるのが一般的です」という記述から導き出せます。
This sentence means 'Since I received permission from him, I can proceed with the plan.' The particles 'から' (from), 'を' (direct object), and 'ので' (because/since) indicate the correct order of the phrases.
This sentence means 'I am grateful to the friend who helped me in a difficult situation.' The structure '助けて貰った' (received help) is key, followed by '友人には感謝している' (I am grateful to the friend).
This sentence translates to 'Thanks to receiving valuable advice from my senior, I was able to solve the problem.' '先輩に' (from senior), 'アドバイスを貰った' (received advice), and 'おかげで' (thanks to) guide the order.
This is a book I received from a friend.
Yesterday, I received a wonderful present.
I was able to receive valuable advice from the teacher.
Read this aloud:
この情報をどこで貰いましたか？
Focus: どこで貰いましたか
Du hast gesagt:
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Read this aloud:
彼女から手紙を貰ってとても嬉しかった。
Focus: 手紙を貰って
Du hast gesagt:
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Read this aloud:
もし機会を貰えるなら、挑戦したいです。
Focus: 機会を貰えるなら
Du hast gesagt:
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This sentence means 'I received a book from a friend.' The particles 'から' (from) and 'を' (object marker) help order the sentence.
This sentence means 'I received valuable advice from my teacher.' '先生に' indicates the giver, and 'アドバイスを' is the object received.
This sentence means 'I received a wonderful present from my family on my birthday.' '誕生日に' specifies the occasion.
/ 78 correct
Perfect score!
Basic Meaning of 貰う
Understand that 貰う (morau) primarily means 'to receive'. It's a fundamental verb for expressing receiving something from someone.
Particles with 貰う
When using 貰う, you'll often see the particle に (ni) to indicate who you received it from, and を (o) for what you received. For example: 友達に本を貰った (Tomodachi ni hon o moratta) - 'I received a book from a friend.'
Giving and Receiving Context
貰う is part of a larger system of giving and receiving verbs in Japanese (あげます, くれます, もらいます). Understand its role as the 'receiver's perspective' verb.
Implied Subject
The subject (who is receiving) is often implied if it's 'I' or 'we.' Context usually makes this clear.
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