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B2 noun #6,500 am häufigsten 9 Min. Lesezeit

연쇄

yeonswae Top 6,500

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Erklärung 연쇄 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '연쇄' (yeonswae) is a very difficult word that you usually don't need to use yourself. However, you might see it in simple news headlines. Think of it as 'one thing leads to another.' Imagine a chain (like a necklace, but for big machines). In A1, you should just remember that '연쇄' means 'many things happening together.' For example, if many cars crash together on the road, the news says '연쇄 추돌'. You don't need to worry about the grammar yet. Just remember the 'chain' image. Most A1 students will use simpler words like '그리고' (and) or '다음에' (next), which is perfectly fine! '연쇄' is a word you grow into as you read more serious Korean books or watch the news. If you see '연쇄 반응', it means 'chain reaction' – like when one domino falls and hits all the others. That is the simplest way to understand this word. It's about things being connected like a team.

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At the A2 level, you can start to recognize '연쇄' (yeonswae) in specific compound words. You are beginning to learn more Hanja-based words, and '연쇄' is a great example. The '연' means 'connect'. You might know '연락' (contact) or '연결' (connection). The '쇄' means 'chain'. So, '연쇄' is a 'connected chain'. At this level, you should learn the phrase '연쇄 반응' (chain reaction). You can use it when talking about how one person's bad mood might make everyone else sad – that's a chain reaction! Also, when you watch Korean crime dramas, you will hear '연쇄 살인' (serial murder). Even though it's a dark topic, it's a very common way this word is used in media. Try to notice that '연쇄' usually comes right before another noun. It acts like a special adjective to say 'this thing happened many times in a linked way'. Don't confuse it with '연속' (continuous), which you use for things like '3 days in a row' (3일 연속). '연쇄' is for when the events are *causing* each other.

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At the B1 level, you should be able to use '연쇄' (yeonswae) in more formal writing or when discussing news topics. You are now moving beyond simple descriptions and starting to explain *how* things happen. '연쇄' is perfect for describing the 'domino effect'. For example, if you are talking about the environment, you could say that a rise in temperature causes a '연쇄적' (chain-like) change in the ecosystem. Notice the use of '-적' here. This is a common B1 grammar point where you turn a noun into an adjective. You should also be comfortable with '연쇄적으로' as an adverb. For example, '물가가 연쇄적으로 올랐다' (Prices rose in a chain reaction). This sounds much more professional and 'intermediate' than just saying 'everything became expensive'. You are now distinguishing between a simple sequence (연속) and a causal chain (연쇄). This shows you understand the logical connection between events, which is a key skill at the B1 level. You might also encounter it in historical contexts, discussing how one event led to a series of others.

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At the B2 level, which is the target level for this word, you are expected to use '연쇄' (yeonswae) with precision in academic, professional, and social contexts. You should understand the nuance that '연쇄' implies a systemic or structural link. It's not just that things happened; it's that they happened *because* of the structure of the system. In economic discussions, you would use '연쇄 도산' (chain bankruptcies) to describe a financial contagion. In sociology, you might discuss the '연쇄적인 파장' (chain-like ripple effects) of a new law. You should be able to debate topics using this word to show causality. For example, 'If we don't fix the first problem, a chain reaction of errors will occur.' (첫 번째 문제를 해결하지 않으면 연쇄적인 오류가 발생할 것입니다.) At this level, you should also be aware of the register. '연쇄' is a Sino-Korean word, so it's most appropriate in written reports, news, or formal speeches. If you use it in a very casual chat with friends, it might sound a bit 'bookish' or dramatic, unless you are intentionally being serious. You should also be able to recognize it in literature where it might be used metaphorically to describe a chain of memories or emotions.

At the C1 level, you are exploring the deeper, more abstract applications of '연쇄' (yeonswae). You might use it in philosophical discussions about the '연쇄성' (seriality/chain-nature) of human existence or the '연쇄적 인과관계' (chain-like causal relationships) in complex systems. You can use it to describe subtle psychological phenomena, such as how one small thought can trigger a '연쇄적인 감정의 변화' (chain-like change in emotions). At this level, you are also expected to know the Hanja (連鎖) and potentially other words that share these characters, such as '연쇄점' (though acknowledging it's dated) or '폐쇄' (closure - using the same 'swae' character for 'chaining/locking'). Your usage should be flawless, and you should be able to use it in high-level writing, such as editorials or research papers, to argue for or against systemic changes. You might also use it to critique media coverage of '연쇄 범죄' (serial crimes), discussing the ethics of how such 'chains' are reported. You understand the difference between '연쇄' and '일련' (a series) perfectly: '일련' is often a planned sequence, while '연쇄' often feels like an unstoppable force of nature or logic.

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At the C2 level, '연쇄' (yeonswae) is a tool for masterful expression. You can use it to create complex metaphors in creative writing or to perform high-level linguistic analysis. You might discuss the '기표의 연쇄' (chain of signifiers) in a post-structuralist critique of Korean literature, or the '연쇄적인 담론의 형성' (formation of serial discourses) in political science. At this stage, you are not just using the word; you are manipulating its connotations of inevitability and interconnectedness to make a point. You can distinguish between '연쇄' and even more obscure terms like '순차적' (sequential) or '계기적' (contingent/trigger-based) with ease. You might use '연쇄' to describe the '연쇄적 폭발력' (chain-like explosive power) of a viral social media trend, blending modern concepts with this traditional, heavy word. Your understanding includes the historical evolution of the word and its place in the broader East Asian linguistic sphere (comparing it to how 'chain' is used in Chinese or Japanese). In a C2 context, '연쇄' is no longer just a vocabulary word; it is a conceptual building block for expressing the most complex interdependencies in the universe.

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연쇄 in 30 Sekunden

연쇄 (Yeonswae) means a 'chain' or 'series' where events are logically linked to each other.
It is commonly used in serious contexts like 'serial crimes', 'chain-reaction accidents', or 'scientific reactions'.
Add '-적' to make it an adjective (serial) or '-적으로' to make it an adverb (in a chain).
Distinguish it from '연속' (continuous), which is just about things happening in a row without necessarily being linked.

The Korean word 연쇄 (Yeonswae) is a sophisticated noun that translates most accurately to 'chain' or 'series' in English, but with a specific focus on the interconnectedness of events. Derived from the Hanja characters 連 (yeon - to connect) and 鎖 (swae - chain), it literally describes a physical or metaphorical chain where each link is inextricably bound to the next. In everyday Korean, you won't hear this word to describe a physical piece of jewelry (that would be '목걸이' or '체인'); instead, '연쇄' is reserved for describing sequences of events, phenomena, or actions where one occurrence triggers or is fundamentally linked to the subsequent one.

Causal Connection: Unlike the word '연속' (continuous), which simply implies things happening one after another, '연쇄' implies that the events are linked. If one link fails, the whole chain is affected. This is why it is the primary term for scientific 'chain reactions'.
Societal and News Context: You will frequently encounter this word in news headlines. It is the standard term for 'serial' in contexts like 'serial killer' (연쇄 살인범) or 'chain-reaction collision' (연쇄 추돌). It carries a heavy, serious, and often systemic connotation.

경제 위기로 인해 중소기업들의 연쇄 도산이 우려되고 있습니다.
Translation: Due to the economic crisis, there are concerns about a chain of bankruptcies among small and medium-sized enterprises.

In a metaphorical sense, '연쇄' can describe the 'ripple effect' of a single decision. For instance, a change in government policy might cause a '연쇄 반응' (chain reaction) across various sectors of society. It suggests a lack of independence between events; they are part of a singular, larger movement. When using this word, you are emphasizing the structural relationship between the parts of a whole.

작은 실수가 연쇄적으로 작용하여 큰 사고로 이어졌다.
Translation: Small mistakes acted in a chain, leading to a major accident.

Scientific Precision: In chemistry and physics, '연쇄 반응' is the literal translation for chain reaction. It is used to describe nuclear fission or chemical polymerization where the product of one reaction becomes the reactant for the next.

Ultimately, '연쇄' is a high-frequency word for those reading news, academic papers, or watching crime thrillers. It provides a way to describe complex causality with a single, powerful image of a chain. Mastering it allows you to move beyond simple descriptions of 'what happened' to sophisticated explanations of 'how things are linked'.

Using 연쇄 correctly requires understanding its role as a prefix-like noun or its transformation into an adjective. It rarely stands alone as a simple subject like 'The chain is broken'; instead, it functions as a descriptor for the *type* of series occurring. It is most commonly paired with nouns that represent events, crimes, or physical phenomena.

As a Compound Noun Modifier: In this form, '연쇄' is placed directly before another noun. For example, '연쇄 충돌' (chain-reaction collision). There is usually no space or a very small one, as they are treated as a single concept in the speaker's mind.

고속도로에서 안개 때문에 차량 10대가 연쇄 추돌하는 사고가 발생했다.
Translation: A chain-reaction collision involving 10 vehicles occurred on the highway due to fog.

When you want to describe how an action is performed, you add '-적으로' (jeok-eu-ro). This turns 'chain' into 'in a chain-like manner'. This is extremely useful for describing domino effects in business or social movements. If one bank closes and then another closes because of the first, they are closing '연쇄적으로'.

한 곳의 가격이 오르면 다른 물건값도 연쇄적으로 오르기 마련이다.
Translation: If the price of one thing rises, the prices of other goods are bound to rise in a chain reaction.

Formal vs. Informal: '연쇄' is a Hanja-based word (Sino-Korean), making it inherently more formal than pure Korean alternatives like '잇따라' (one after another). Use '연쇄' in reports, presentations, or serious discussions. In casual conversation about, say, eating many snacks in a row, '연쇄' would sound overly dramatic or clinical.

그 사건은 사회 전반에 연쇄적인 파장을 일으켰다.
Translation: That incident caused a chain-like (serial) ripple effect throughout society.

To use it like a native, focus on the 'trigger' aspect. If Event A causes Event B, and Event B causes Event C, that is the perfect moment to deploy '연쇄'. It transforms a simple list of events into a logical argument about cause and effect.

In South Korea, 연쇄 is a word that rings with gravity. You won't hear it at a lively party or while shopping for clothes, but it is an absolute staple of the 'News at 9' and the 'Social Issues' section of newspapers. Understanding the domains where this word lives will help you grasp its emotional weight.

1. True Crime and Legal Dramas: Korea has a strong interest in crime procedurals. The term '연쇄 살인' (serial murder) or '연쇄 방화' (serial arson) is used constantly in these shows. When a profiler speaks, they will analyze the '연쇄성' (serial nature) of the crimes to find a pattern.

경찰은 이번 사건을 동일범에 의한 연쇄 범죄로 보고 수사 중입니다.
Translation: The police are investigating this case as a serial crime committed by the same perpetrator.

Another common domain is the economy. Korea's economy is highly interconnected, with many small suppliers relying on large conglomerates (Chaebols). If a large company fails, the news will warn of '연쇄 부도' (serial bankruptcies) of the smaller suppliers. This evokes a sense of dread, like a row of falling dominoes.

금리 인상이 부동산 시장의 연쇄 하락을 불러올 수 있습니다.
Translation: The interest rate hike could trigger a serial decline in the real estate market.

2. Scientific and Academic Lectures: In a university setting, specifically in STEM fields, '연쇄 반응' (chain reaction) is the only way to describe processes like PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) in biology or nuclear reactions in physics. It is the technical standard.

핵분열 과정에서 발생하는 연쇄 반응을 조절하는 것이 중요합니다.
Translation: It is important to control the chain reactions that occur during the nuclear fission process.

Finally, you might hear it in intellectual discussions about history or sociology. Scholars might discuss the '연쇄적인 영향' (serial/chain-like influence) of the Industrial Revolution on family structures. In these contexts, it implies a deep, structural causality that simple words cannot capture.

While 연쇄 is a powerful word, its Hanja roots and specific nuance make it easy for learners to misuse. The most common errors involve using it in contexts that are too casual or confusing it with similar-sounding words that also mean 'series' or 'sequence'.

Mistake 1: Confusing 연쇄 (Yeonswae) with 연속 (Yeonsok): This is the #1 mistake. '연속' means 'continuity' or 'in a row'. If you win three games in a row, it's '3연속 우승'. If you use '연쇄' here, it sounds like the first win physically caused the second win like a chemical reaction, which is unnatural. '연쇄' requires a causal link; '연속' just requires a temporal sequence.

❌ 3일 연쇄로 비가 왔다. (Wrong)
✅ 3일 연속으로 비가 왔다. (Correct - It rained for 3 days in a row.)

Another mistake is using '연쇄' to describe physical chains. As mentioned before, if you want to talk about a bicycle chain or a necklace, '연쇄' is the wrong word. It refers to the *abstract concept* of a chain of events, not the physical object itself.

Mistake 2: Overusing it in Informal Settings: If you tell a friend, 'I had a chain of bad luck today,' using '연쇄' might sound like you're reading a police report. For personal, casual bad luck, use '계속' (continuously) or '자꾸' (repeatedly).

❌ 자전거 연쇄가 고장 났다. (Wrong)
✅ 자전거 체인이 고장 났다. (Correct - The bike chain is broken.)

Finally, remember that '연쇄' usually carries a negative or clinical connotation. It's often used for accidents, crimes, or economic collapses. Using it for a 'chain of happy events' is rare and might feel slightly sarcastic or overly poetic. For happy sequences, '연달아' is a much warmer and more natural choice.

To truly master 연쇄, you need to know its neighbors. Korean has many words for 'series' or 'sequence', each with a slightly different flavor. Choosing the right one depends on whether you want to emphasize timing, causality, or physical arrangement.

연쇄 (Yeonswae) vs. 연속 (Yeonsok): 연쇄: Emphasizes the link/causality (A caused B). Used for: Chain reactions, serial crimes.
연속: Emphasizes the lack of a break in time or space. Used for: Winning streaks, continuous holidays, TV series (연속극).
연쇄 (Yeonswae) vs. 일련 (Illyeon): 연쇄: Suggests a reactive, often uncontrollable sequence.
일련: Means 'a series of' or 'a set of'. It is more neutral and organized. Used for: 'A series of processes' (일련의 과정) or 'a set of measures' (일련의 조치).

그는 일련의 실험을 통해 가설을 증명했다.
Translation: He proved the hypothesis through a series of experiments. (Planned and organized)

If you are looking for a more native-Korean (pure Korean) way to say 'one after another' without the clinical feel of '연쇄', look no further than '꼬리에 꼬리를 물다' (to bite one's tail). This idiom is used when events or thoughts keep coming one after another in an endless stream.

연쇄 (Yeonswae) vs. 계기 (Gyegi): 연쇄: The whole chain.
계기: The specific 'trigger' or 'turning point' that starts the chain. If a small fight leads to a war, the fight is the '계기', and the resulting battles are the '연쇄적인 충돌'.

질문이 꼬리에 꼬리를 물고 이어졌다.
Translation: Questions followed one after another (biting the tail of the previous one).

In summary: Use '연쇄' for causal, serious, or scientific chains. Use '연속' for streaks. Use '일련' for sets of steps. Use '꼬리에 꼬리를 물다' for a more vivid, conversational description of things following each other.

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

The character 鎖 (쇄) also appears in the word '폐쇄' (closure), which literally means 'to shut and lock/chain'.

Aussprachehilfe

UK /jʌn.swɛ/

US /jʌn.swɛ/

Stress is usually equal on both syllables in Korean, but the first syllable might be slightly longer in formal speech.

Reimt sich auf

만쇄 (Manswae - though usually written 만세) 폐쇄 (Pyeswae - closure) 분쇄 (Bunswae - crushing) 납쇄 (Napswae - seal) 상쇄 (Sangswae - offset) 요쇄 (Yoswae - fortress - old spelling) 영쇄 (Yeongswae - eternal chain) 긴쇄 (Ginswae - long chain)

Häufige Fehler

Pronouncing '쇄' as '세' (se).
Over-emphasizing the 'w' sound in '쇄'.
Pronouncing '연' with a hard 'r' sound.
Confusing the pitch with '연세' (age - polite).
Shortening the 'ye' sound in '연'.

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 4/5

Common in news and books, but requires Hanja knowledge for deep understanding.

Schreiben 5/5

Hard to use naturally without sounding overly formal or technical.

Sprechen 4/5

Rare in everyday chat; usually reserved for serious topics.

Hören 3/5

Easy to recognize in news reports once learned.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

연결 (connection) 사건 (event) 반응 (reaction) 사슬 (chain) 연속 (continuous)

Als Nächstes lernen

인과관계 (cause and effect) 파급 효과 (ripple effect) 상호작용 (interaction) 필연적 (inevitable) 악순환 (vicious cycle)

Fortgeschritten

인과율 (causality) 계기적 (contingent) 순차적 (sequential) 전이 (transfer/spread) 증폭 (amplification)

Wichtige Grammatik

-적 (Turning Nouns into Adjectives)

연쇄 + 적 = 연쇄적 (Serial)

-적으로 (Turning Nouns into Adverbs)

연쇄 + 적으로 = 연쇄적으로 (Serially)

-성 (Suffix for 'Nature' or 'Property')

연쇄 + 성 = 연쇄성 (Serial nature)

Noun + Noun Compounds

연쇄 + 반응 = 연쇄 반응 (Chain reaction)

-로 인한 (Due to...)

연쇄 추돌로 인한 교통 체증 (Traffic jam due to pile-up)

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Beispiele nach Niveau

차가 연쇄 추돌했어요.

The cars had a chain-reaction collision.

연쇄 is used here as a noun modifying '추돌' (collision).

연쇄 반응이 일어났어요.

A chain reaction happened.

연쇄 반응 (chain reaction) is a common set phrase.

뉴스를 보면 연쇄라는 말이 나와요.

When you watch the news, the word 'chain' (serial) comes out.

연쇄 is a common word in news contexts.

이것은 연쇄적인 사건이에요.

This is a serial (chain-like) event.

연쇄적 means 'serial' or 'chain-like'.

연쇄 살인범은 무서워요.

Serial killers are scary.

연쇄 살인범 is the standard term for serial killer.

작은 일이 연쇄적으로 생겼어요.

Small things happened in a chain reaction.

연쇄적으로 is the adverb form.

도미노는 연쇄입니다.

Dominoes are a chain (sequence).

Using 연쇄 to explain the concept of a chain.

연쇄는 연결된 것입니다.

A chain (series) is something that is connected.

연결된 (connected) helps explain 연쇄.

고속도로에서 차량 연쇄 추돌 사고가 났습니다.

There was a chain-reaction car collision on the highway.

Compound noun: 차량 (vehicle) + 연쇄 (chain) + 추돌 (collision).

범인은 연쇄 방화를 저질렀습니다.

The criminal committed serial arson.

연쇄 방화 means 'serial arson'.

물가가 연쇄적으로 오르고 있어요.

Prices are rising in a chain reaction.

연쇄적으로 (adverb) modifying the verb '오르고 있다'.

그 영화는 연쇄 살인 사건을 다루고 있어요.

That movie deals with a serial murder case.

다루다 means 'to deal with' or 'to cover'.

하나가 무너지면 연쇄적으로 다 무너져요.

If one collapses, everything collapses in a chain reaction.

A conditional sentence showing cause and effect.

연쇄 반응은 멈추기 힘들어요.

A chain reaction is hard to stop.

멈추기 힘들다 means 'hard to stop'.

이것은 단순한 사고가 아니라 연쇄 범죄입니다.

This is not a simple accident, but a serial crime.

~이 아니라 ~이다 (not A but B) structure.

은행들이 연쇄 부도를 맞았습니다.

The banks suffered a chain of bankruptcies.

부도 means 'bankruptcy' or 'default'.

한 기업의 파산이 연쇄 도산을 불러왔습니다.

The bankruptcy of one company brought about a chain of bankruptcies.

불러오다 (to bring about/trigger) is a great verb to use with 연쇄.

환경 오염은 생태계의 연쇄적인 파괴를 초래합니다.

Environmental pollution causes the chain-like destruction of the ecosystem.

초래하다 (to cause/bring about) is a formal verb for B1.

그의 발언은 정치권에 연쇄적인 파장을 일으켰다.

His remarks caused a chain-like ripple effect in political circles.

파장을 일으키다 means 'to cause a ripple effect'.

과학자들은 핵 연쇄 반응을 연구하고 있다.

Scientists are studying nuclear chain reactions.

Nuclear (핵) + Chain reaction (연쇄 반응).

작은 실수가 연쇄적으로 작용하여 큰 문제를 만들었다.

Small mistakes acted in a chain, creating a big problem.

작용하여 (acting/working) shows the process.

이 현상은 연쇄적인 인과관계로 설명할 수 있습니다.

This phenomenon can be explained by a chain-like causal relationship.

인과관계 means 'cause and effect relationship'.

연쇄 추돌 사고를 막기 위해 안전거리를 유지해야 합니다.

To prevent chain-reaction collisions, you must maintain a safe distance.

~기 위해 (in order to) + 막다 (prevent).

기후 변화는 연쇄적인 자연재해를 일으킬 수 있습니다.

Climate change can cause a chain of natural disasters.

자연재해 means 'natural disaster'.

미국의 금리 인상은 신흥국 경제에 연쇄적인 타격을 주었다.

The US interest rate hike dealt a chain-like blow to emerging economies.

타격을 주다 means 'to deal a blow' or 'to hit hard'.

이 사건은 우리 사회의 안전 불감증이 초래한 연쇄 비극이다.

This incident is a serial tragedy caused by our society's insensitivity to safety.

안전 불감증 means 'insensitivity to safety' (a common Korean social term).

공급망의 붕괴로 인해 제품 생산이 연쇄적으로 중단되었다.

Product production was halted in a chain reaction due to the collapse of the supply chain.

붕괴 (collapse) and 중단되다 (to be halted) are high-level B2 words.

연쇄 살인 사건의 수사 과정에서 결정적인 증거가 발견되었다.

Crucial evidence was discovered during the investigation of the serial murder case.

결정적인 증거 means 'decisive/crucial evidence'.

부정적인 생각이 연쇄적으로 이어지면 우울증이 올 수 있다.

If negative thoughts continue in a chain, depression can occur.

이어지다 means 'to be connected' or 'to continue'.

정부는 시장의 연쇄 도산을 막기 위해 긴급 자금을 투입했다.

The government injected emergency funds to prevent a chain of bankruptcies in the market.

투입하다 means 'to inject' or 'to put in' (resources/money).

기술의 발전은 산업 구조의 연쇄적인 변화를 이끌어냈다.

Advancements in technology led to a chain-like change in the industrial structure.

이끌어내다 means 'to draw out' or 'to lead to'.

그 소문은 SNS를 통해 연쇄적으로 확산되며 큰 혼란을 야기했다.

The rumor spread in a chain reaction via social media, causing great confusion.

야기하다 (to cause/provoke) is a very formal B2/C1 verb.

자본주의 체제 내에서의 연쇄적인 위기는 필연적인 측면이 있다.

Serial crises within the capitalist system have an inevitable aspect.

필연적인 (inevitable) and 측면 (aspect/side) are academic terms.

그 철학자는 존재의 연쇄성에 대해 깊이 있는 고찰을 보여주었다.

The philosopher showed a profound contemplation on the serial nature of existence.

고찰 (contemplation/study) is a high-level academic noun.

언어는 기표와 기의의 연쇄로 이루어진 복잡한 체계이다.

Language is a complex system consisting of a chain of signifiers and signifieds.

기표 (signifier) and 기의 (signified) are linguistic jargon.

과거의 선택들이 연쇄적으로 작용하여 현재의 나를 만들었다.

Past choices acted in a chain to create the 'me' of the present.

A poetic and philosophical use of 연쇄.

이번 사태는 단순한 우연이 아니라 구조적 모순이 폭발한 연쇄 반응이다.

This situation is not a simple coincidence, but a chain reaction of exploding structural contradictions.

구조적 모순 (structural contradiction) is a C1 social science term.

유전자 변이가 연쇄적으로 일어나면 암세포가 생성될 수 있다.

If genetic mutations occur in a chain, cancer cells can be generated.

생성되다 means 'to be generated' or 'to be created'.

정치적 불안정은 인접 국가들로 연쇄적으로 전이되는 경향이 있다.

Political instability tends to spread in a chain reaction to neighboring countries.

전이되다 (to be transferred/spread) is often used in medical or political contexts.

역사적 사건의 연쇄를 이해하는 것은 미래를 예측하는 열쇠이다.

Understanding the chain of historical events is the key to predicting the future.

예측하다 (to predict) is a standard C1 verb.

포스트모더니즘 담론에서 주체의 해체는 의미의 연쇄적 붕괴를 수반한다.

In postmodern discourse, the deconstruction of the subject entails a serial collapse of meaning.

수반하다 (to entail/accompany) is a highly formal C2 verb.

양자 역학에서의 연쇄적인 얽힘은 고전 물리학의 상식을 뒤엎는다.

Serial entanglement in quantum mechanics overturns the common sense of classical physics.

얽힘 (entanglement) and 뒤엎다 (to overturn) are sophisticated choices.

이 소설은 기억의 연쇄를 통해 인간 내면의 심연을 탐구하고 있다.

This novel explores the abyss of the human inner self through a chain of memories.

심연 (abyss) and 탐구하다 (to explore/investigate) are literary terms.

디지털 혁명은 정보 유통의 패러다임을 연쇄적으로 전환시켰다.

The digital revolution has serially shifted the paradigm of information distribution.

전환시키다 means 'to cause a shift' or 'to transform'.

생태계 내의 연쇄적인 멸종은 인류의 생존마저 위협하는 중대한 사안이다.

Serial extinctions within the ecosystem are a critical issue that threatens even the survival of humanity.

마저 (even) and 사안 (issue/matter) are C2 level grammar/vocab.

권력의 연쇄는 때로 보이지 않는 곳에서 역사의 물줄기를 바꾼다.

The chain of power sometimes changes the course of history from invisible places.

물줄기 (stream/course) is used metaphorically here.

인공지능의 자가 학습은 지능의 연쇄적 폭발을 야기할 가능성이 있다.

Self-learning in AI has the potential to cause a serial explosion of intelligence.

야기할 가능성이 있다 means 'has the potential to cause'.

예술적 영감의 연쇄는 창조적 행위의 근간을 이룬다.

The chain of artistic inspiration forms the basis of creative acts.

근간을 이루다 means 'to form the basis/foundation'.

Synonyme

연속 일련 계열 순차

Gegenteile

단절 독립 개별

Häufige Kollokationen

연쇄 반응

연쇄 추돌

연쇄 살인

연쇄 도산

연쇄 부도

연쇄 방화

연쇄 작용

연쇄 폭발

연쇄 파동

연쇄 효과

Häufige Phrasen

연쇄적으로 일어나다

— To occur in a chain reaction. Used to describe a sequence of linked events.

사건들이 연쇄적으로 일어났다.

연쇄를 끊다

— To break the chain. Used metaphorically to stop a cycle of bad events.

가난의 연쇄를 끊어야 한다.

연쇄적인 영향

— Chain-like influence. Used to describe how one change affects many other things.

그 결정은 연쇄적인 영향을 미쳤다.

연쇄 범죄

— Serial crime. A general term for crimes committed in a sequence by the same person.

경찰은 연쇄 범죄 가능성을 열어두고 있다.

연쇄 충돌

— Chain collision. Similar to '연쇄 추돌', used for multiple things hitting each other.

당구공들이 연쇄 충돌을 일으켰다.

연쇄 하락

— Serial decline. Used in economics for stocks or prices falling together.

주식 시장의 연쇄 하락이 시작되었다.

연쇄 상승

— Serial rise. The opposite of '연쇄 하락'.

원자재 가격의 연쇄 상승이 예상된다.

연쇄 고리

— Chain link. Often used metaphorically for the connection between things.

부패의 연쇄 고리를 찾아내야 한다.

연쇄적 파장

— Chain-like ripple effect. Used for social or emotional consequences.

그 뉴스는 연쇄적 파장을 불러일으켰다.

연쇄 살인마

— Serial killer (colloquial/dramatic). A more intense version of 연쇄 살인범.

영화 속 연쇄 살인마가 나타났다.

Wird oft verwechselt mit

연쇄 vs 연속

연속 is about time/continuity (3 days in a row), while 연쇄 is about causal links (A caused B).

연쇄 vs 일련

일련 refers to an organized set of things, while 연쇄 often refers to an uncontrolled or reactive sequence.

연쇄 vs 체인

체인 is used for physical chains (bike, jewelry) or modern franchise stores; 연쇄 is abstract.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"꼬리에 꼬리를 물다"

— To follow one after another without end (like biting a tail).

생각이 꼬리에 꼬리를 물고 이어진다.

Casual/Neutral

"설상가상"

— To make matters worse (snow on top of frost). Often used for a chain of bad luck.

비가 오는데 차까지 고장 나니 설상가상이다.

Neutral/Proverb

"도미노 현상"

— Domino effect. A direct synonym for a chain reaction in social contexts.

정권의 붕괴는 도미노 현상을 일으켰다.

Neutral

"악순환의 고리"

— The ring of a vicious cycle. Used for a negative chain that repeats.

우리는 악순환의 고리를 끊어야 한다.

Formal

"물고 물리다"

— To be interlocked or mutually dependent (to bite and be bitten).

사건들이 복잡하게 물고 물려 있다.

Neutral

"하나를 보면 열을 안다"

— To know ten things by seeing one. Implies things are linked by a common nature.

그의 행동을 보니 하나를 보면 열을 알겠다.

Casual

"산 넘어 산"

— Mountain after mountain. Used for a series of difficult challenges.

과제를 끝내니 시험이 왔다. 산 넘어 산이다.

Casual

"불난 데 부채질하다"

— To fan the flames. Used when an action accelerates a negative chain reaction.

그의 말은 불난 데 부채질하는 격이었다.

Casual

"바늘 도둑이 소도둑 된다"

— A needle thief becomes a cow thief. A chain of escalating crimes.

작은 잘못을 고치지 않으면 바늘 도둑이 소도둑 된다.

Proverb

"엎친 데 덮치다"

— One disaster on top of another. Similar to '설상가상'.

감기에 걸렸는데 배탈까지 나니 엎친 데 덮친 격이다.

Casual

Leicht verwechselbar

연쇄 vs 연세

Similar pronunciation.

연세 (Yeon-se) is the honorific word for 'age'. 연쇄 (Yeon-swae) is 'chain'.

연세가 어떻게 되세요? (How old are you?) vs. 연쇄 반응 (Chain reaction).

연쇄 vs 연설

Similar beginning.

연설 (Yeon-seol) means 'speech' or 'address'.

대통령의 연설 (President's speech).

연쇄 vs 연결

Related meaning.

연결 (Yeon-gyeol) is 'connection' (general). 연쇄 is a specific *series* of connections.

인터넷 연결 (Internet connection).

연쇄 vs 연속극

Both imply a series.

연속극 (Yeon-sok-geuk) is a TV drama series/soap opera. You cannot say 연쇄극.

어머니는 일일 연속극을 보신다.

연쇄 vs 인쇄

Similar ending.

인쇄 (In-swae) means 'printing'.

책을 인쇄하다 (To print a book).

Satzmuster

연쇄 [Noun]가 발생했다.

연쇄 추돌이 발생했다.

[Noun]은/는 연쇄 반응을 일으킨다.

이 물질은 연쇄 반응을 일으킨다.

[Event]로 인해 [Noun]들이 연쇄적으로 [Verb].

불황으로 인해 기업들이 연쇄적으로 도산했다.

이것은 연쇄적인 [Noun]이다.

이것은 연쇄적인 비극이다.

[Concept]의 연쇄를 끊는 것이 중요하다.

빈곤의 연쇄를 끊는 것이 중요하다.

[A]와/과 [B]의 연쇄적 인과관계.

환경과 경제의 연쇄적 인과관계.

[Abstract Noun]의 연쇄가 [Verb].

기억의 연쇄가 과거를 불러온다.

[Phenomenon]은/는 연쇄적 붕괴를 수반한다.

시스템의 오류는 연쇄적 붕괴를 수반한다.

Wortfamilie

Substantive

연쇄성 (seriality)

연쇄반응 (chain reaction)

연쇄점 (chain store - dated)

연쇄범 (serial criminal)

Verben

연쇄하다 (to chain together - rare)

연쇄되다 (to be chained/linked - rare)

Adjektive

연쇄적 (serial/chain-like)

Verwandt

연결 (connection)

연속 (continuity)

사슬 (chain - pure Korean)

계기 (trigger)

인과 (cause and effect)

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So verwendest du es

frequency

High in news/academic; Low in daily casual speech.

Häufige Fehler

Using 연쇄 for a necklace. → 목걸이 (Mok-geol-i)
연쇄 is an abstract noun for a series of events. It is not used for jewelry.
Saying '3일 연쇄로 비가 왔다'. → 3일 연속으로 비가 왔다.
Rain falling for 3 days is a temporal sequence (연속), not necessarily a causal chain (연쇄).
Confusing 연쇄 (chain) with 연세 (honorific age). → Pronounce 'swae' clearly.
Confusing these can lead to very strange sentences, like 'My chain reaction is 70 years old'.
Using 연쇄 in a happy casual context. → 연달아 / 계속
연쇄 sounds very clinical or serious. Using it for 'a chain of happy birthdays' sounds weird.
Using 연쇄 as a standalone subject. → 연쇄 반응 / 연쇄적인 사건
연쇄 usually needs a partner noun or a suffix to function naturally in a sentence.

Tipps

News Vocabulary

If you are studying for TOPIK II, '연쇄' is a must-know word for the reading and listening sections, especially for news snippets.

Adjective Transformation

Always remember that '-적' is your best friend to turn '연쇄' into a descriptor for nouns like '파장' (ripple effect).

Causality is Key

Only use '연쇄' when there is a 'trigger' relationship. If things are just happening at the same time, use '동시에'.

The Domino Rule

Think of a domino show. One falls, hits the next. That is '연쇄'. If people are standing in a line, that is just '연속'.

Economic Context

In Korean business news, '연쇄 도산' is a very scary phrase. It implies a systemic failure of the economy.

Clear Vowels

Make sure to distinguish '연쇄' from '연세'. The latter is much more common in daily greetings but has a different meaning.

Common Pairs

Memorize '연쇄 반응' and '연쇄 추돌' first. These are the most common real-world applications.

Formal Essays

Use '연쇄적' when writing about social problems to show that you understand the complexity of the issue.

Technical Terms

In science, '연쇄' is the standard. Don't try to use other words for 'chain reaction' in a lab setting.

Avoid Redundancy

Don't say '연쇄적으로 연속해서'. Choose one based on whether you want to emphasize the link or the timing.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of 'Yeon' as 'Joining' (like 'Connect') and 'Swae' as 'Swaying' links of a chain.

Visuelle Assoziation

Imagine a row of dominoes or a heavy metal chain where every link depends on the one before it.

Word Web

연결 (Connection) 사슬 (Chain) 반응 (Reaction) 추돌 (Collision) 도산 (Bankruptcy) 살인 (Murder) 연속 (Continuous) 고리 (Link)

Herausforderung

Try to use '연쇄적으로' in a sentence about your daily routine (e.g., 'If I wake up late, everything happens in a chain reaction...').

Wortherkunft

Derived from Sino-Korean characters: 連 (연) meaning 'to connect' or 'to link' and 鎖 (쇄) meaning 'chain' or 'lock'.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: A physical chain made of interconnected metal links.

Sino-Korean (Hanja)

Kultureller Kontext

Be careful when using '연쇄 살인' in casual conversation as it is a very dark and sensitive topic in Korea.

English speakers use 'serial' for crimes but 'chain' for accidents or science. Korean uses '연쇄' for all these, showing a unified concept of linked sequences.

The movie 'Memories of Murder' (살인의 추억) deals with a famous '연쇄 살인' case. News reports on the '연쇄 추돌' during heavy snow on the Yeongdong Expressway. Scientific documentaries explaining '핵 연쇄 반응' (nuclear chain reaction).

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

News Reporting

연쇄 추돌 사고
연쇄 살인 사건
연쇄 도산 우려
연쇄적으로 발생하다

Science Class

화학적 연쇄 반응
핵 연쇄 반응
연쇄 작용의 원리
연쇄를 제어하다

Economic Analysis

연쇄 부도 위기
연쇄적인 가격 상승
시장의 연쇄 효과
공급망 연쇄 붕괴

Crime Thrillers

연쇄 살인범 추적
범행의 연쇄성
연쇄 방화의 패턴
연쇄 범죄를 막다

Social Discussions

가난의 연쇄 고리
연쇄적인 사회 문제
불행의 연쇄
연쇄적 파장

Gesprächseinstiege

"최근 뉴스에서 본 연쇄 추돌 사고 소식 들으셨어요?"

"작은 습관의 변화가 인생에 연쇄 반응을 일으킬 수 있다고 생각하세요?"

"연쇄 살인 사건을 다룬 영화나 드라마 중에서 기억에 남는 게 있나요?"

"경제 위기가 오면 왜 연쇄 도산이 일어나는 걸까요?"

"우리 사회에서 끊어야 할 가장 심각한 연쇄 고리는 무엇일까요?"

Tagebuch-Impulse

오늘 하루 동안 일어난 일들 중에서 연쇄 반응처럼 이어진 것이 있었나요?

내가 가진 나쁜 습관 중 하나가 연쇄적으로 어떤 영향을 미치는지 써보세요.

과거의 어떤 선택이 지금의 내 모습에 연쇄적인 영향을 주었는지 돌아보세요.

만약 내가 세상의 한 가지 연쇄 고리를 끊을 수 있다면 무엇을 선택할까요?

연쇄 반응(Chain Reaction)이라는 단어를 주제로 짧은 시나 수필을 써보세요.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

No, '연쇄' is used for abstract or causal chains. For a necklace, use '목걸이'. For a physical industrial chain, use '체인' or '사슬'.

'연쇄 살인' is the standard term for serial murder, implying a pattern or link. '연속 살인' is less common but might imply murders happening quickly one after another without necessarily a psychological link.

It is overwhelmingly used in negative contexts (crimes, accidents, bankruptcies) or neutral scientific contexts. It is rarely used for positive events.

Yes, but only if one thing *causes* the next. If you are just counting people entering a room, use '한 명씩' or '차례대로'.

It is very rare today. You might see it on old signs in rural areas, but '체인점' or '프랜차이즈' are used in modern life.

It's like 's' + 'wae'. The 'wae' sound is like the 'e' in 'pet' but with a 'w' in front. In fast speech, it sounds like 'shweh'.

It means a 'domino effect' where one political event (like a protest) triggers similar events in other cities or countries.

Yes, it is a Sino-Korean word used mostly in formal writing, news reports, and academic settings.

There isn't a single word, but '단절' (disconnection) or '독립적 사건' (independent event) are used to describe the lack of a chain.

The form '연쇄하다' exists but is extremely rare. It is almost always used as a noun or an adjective/adverb (연쇄적/연쇄적으로).

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