서명하다 in 30 Sekunden
- To formally sign one's name on a document.
- Used for contracts, applications, and official papers.
- Indicates agreement, approval, or acknowledgment.
- More formal than '싸인하다' (ssainhada).
- Korean Term
- 서명하다 (seomyeonghada)
- English Meaning
- To sign one's name.
- Part of Speech
- Verb
- CEFR Level
- A2
The Korean verb '서명하다' (seomyeonghada) directly translates to 'to sign one's name' in English. It's a fundamental verb used in situations where a formal acknowledgment or approval is required through a written signature. This can range from signing important documents like contracts, legal papers, and official forms to less formal instances like signing a guestbook or a birthday card.
계약서에 서명해야 합니다. (Gyeyakseo-e seomyeonghaeya hamnida.) - I have to sign the contract.
You'll commonly encounter '서명하다' when dealing with official procedures, financial transactions, or any situation demanding a personal mark of consent. It's about putting your name down to indicate agreement, responsibility, or presence. The act of signing signifies a commitment or an endorsement, making this verb essential for navigating many aspects of daily life, especially in more formal settings.
- Formal Contexts
- Signing legal documents, contracts, official applications, passports, and government forms. This is where the verb is most frequently and importantly used.
- Semi-Formal Contexts
- Signing for packages, registering at hotels, signing a petition, or leaving a signature in a guestbook at an event or establishment.
- Informal Contexts
- Less common in purely informal settings, but could be used humorously or for emphasis, like signing a child's drawing or a friendly note.
Understanding '서명하다' is crucial for anyone interacting with official paperwork or formal agreements in Korean. It's a verb that carries weight, signifying agreement and commitment. Whether you are signing a rental agreement, a job offer, or even just a birthday card for a Korean friend, knowing this word will help you participate more fully and correctly in these situations.
여권에 서명하세요. (Yeogwon-e seomyeonghaseyo.) - Please sign your passport.
The verb '서명하다' is composed of '서명' (seomyeong), meaning 'signature,' and '하다' (hada), a verb meaning 'to do.' This structure is common in Korean for turning nouns into verbs. So, literally, it means 'to do a signature.' This breakdown can help in remembering its meaning and usage.
It's a practical word that you'll likely need when dealing with administrative tasks, business, or any official capacity. Mastering '서명하다' will enhance your ability to communicate effectively in Korean in crucial situations.
The verb '서명하다' (seomyeonghada) is used in various sentence structures, typically indicating the action of signing something. It can be conjugated into different tenses and politeness levels to suit the context of the conversation or writing.
- Basic Conjugation (Present Tense)
- The most common informal present tense is '서명해' (seomyeonghae) or '서명해요' (seomyeonghaeyo) for polite speech. The formal present tense is '서명합니다' (seomyeonghamnida).
저는 이 서류에 서명했어요. (Jeoneun i seoryu-e seomyeonghaesseoyo.) - I signed this document.
When forming sentences, '서명하다' is often followed by the object being signed, which is usually marked with the object particle '을/를' (eul/reul). For example, '계약서를 서명하다' (gyeyakseo-reul seomyeonghada) - to sign a contract.
- Future Tense
- To express that you will sign something in the future, you can use forms like '서명할 거예요' (seomyeonghal geoyeyo) or '서명하겠습니다' (seomyeonghagetseumnida).
내일 은행에 가서 통장에 서명할 거예요. (Naeil eunhaeng-e gaseo tongjang-e seomyeonghal geoyeyo.) - Tomorrow, I will go to the bank and sign the bankbook.
The verb can also be used in imperative or request forms, such as '서명하세요' (seomyeonghaseyo) - Please sign. This is very common in instructions on forms or at service counters.
- Using with Auxiliary Verbs
- '서명하다' can be combined with auxiliary verbs to express ability, necessity, or possibility. For example, '서명할 수 있다' (seomyeonghal su itda) - can sign, or '서명해야 한다' (seomyeonghaeya handa) - must sign.
모든 참가자는 명단에 서명해야 합니다. (Modeun chamgajaneun myeongdan-e seomyeonghaeya hamnida.) - All participants must sign the roster.
When referring to the act of signing itself as a noun, you can use '서명' (seomyeong). For example, '그의 서명은 알아보기 어렵다' (geu-ui seomyeong-eun arabogi eoryeopda) - His signature is hard to read. However, '서명하다' is the verb form used for the action.
- Past Tense
- In the past tense, it becomes '서명했다' (seomyeonghaetda) or '서명했습니다' (seomyeonghaetseumnida).
저는 이 편지에 서명했다. (Jeoneun i pyeonji-e seomyeonghaetda.) - I signed this letter.
Understanding these conjugations and sentence patterns will allow you to use '서명하다' effectively in various communication scenarios, from giving instructions to describing past actions.
You'll hear '서명하다' (seomyeonghada) in a variety of real-life situations, primarily in formal and administrative contexts. Listening for this word will help you understand when official documentation is being discussed or actioned.
- Government Offices and Banks
- When applying for permits, registering property, opening bank accounts, or processing loans, officials will often instruct you to '서명하세요' (seomyeonghaseyo) - Please sign. You might hear conversations like, '이 신청서에 서명해 주십시오.' (I sincheongseo-e seomyeonghae jusipsio.) - Please sign this application form.
직원이 말했습니다. '이 서류에 서명하시면 절차가 완료됩니다.' (Jigwoni malhaetseumnida. 'I seoryu-e seomyeonghasimyeon jeolchaga wallyodoemnida.') - The staff member said, 'If you sign this document, the process will be completed.'
- Legal and Business Settings
- In contract negotiations, lawyers or business people will use '서명하다' when discussing the finalization of agreements. Phrases like '계약서에 최종적으로 서명하다' (gyeyakseo-e choejongjeogeuro seomyeonghada) - to finally sign the contract, are common.
변호사가 제안했습니다. '이 조항에 동의하시면 서명해 주세요.' (Byeonhosaga jeanhaetseumnida. 'I johang-e donguihasimyeon seomyeonghae juseyo.') - The lawyer suggested, 'If you agree to this clause, please sign.'
- Real Estate Transactions
- When buying or selling property, numerous documents require signatures. Real estate agents or notaries will frequently use '서명하다' when guiding clients through the paperwork.
부동산 중개인이 말했습니다. '매매 계약서에 서명하실 준비가 되셨나요?' (Budongsan jungaeini malhaetseumnida. 'Maemae gyeyakseo-e seomyeonghasil junbiga doesyeonnayo?') - The real estate agent asked, 'Are you ready to sign the sales contract?'
- Hotels and Travel
- Upon check-in at hotels, you'll often be asked to sign registration forms. Similarly, when renting a car or booking services, signing is usually required.
호텔 직원이 말했습니다. '이 투숙 신청서에 서명해 주시겠어요?' (Hotel jigwoni malhaetseumnida. 'I tusuk sincheongseo-e seomyeonghae jusigesseoyo?') - The hotel staff said, 'Could you please sign this registration form?'
- Educational Institutions
- When enrolling in courses, signing attendance sheets, or completing official school forms, '서명하다' is used.
교직원이 말했습니다. '이 입학 신청서에 서명해야 합니다.' (Gyojeongi malhaetseumnida. 'I iphak sincheongseo-e seomyeonghaeya hamnida.') - The faculty member said, 'You must sign this admission application.'
Pay attention to these scenarios, and you'll quickly become familiar with the practical application of '서명하다' in everyday Korean interactions.
When learning to use '서명하다' (seomyeonghada), learners might make a few common mistakes. Being aware of these can help you avoid them and use the word more naturally.
- Confusing '서명하다' with '싸인하다' (ssainhada)
- '싸인하다' is a loanword from English 'sign' and is often used in more casual or spoken contexts. While both mean 'to sign,' '서명하다' is generally considered more formal and standard Korean. Using '싸인하다' in very formal legal or business documents might be perceived as slightly less formal than '서명하다'.
Incorrect: 저는 계약서에 싸인했어요. (Jeoneun gyeyakseo-e ssainhaesseoyo.) - I signed the contract.
Correct: 저는 계약서에 서명했어요. (Jeoneun gyeyakseo-e seomyeonghaesseoyo.) - I signed the contract.
- Incorrect Particle Usage
- Learners might sometimes omit the object particle '을/를' (eul/reul) after the noun being signed, or use the wrong location particle. The object being signed should be marked with '을/를'.
Incorrect: 저는 이 서류 서명했습니다. (Jeoneun i seoryu seomyeonghaetseumnida.)
Correct: 저는 이 서류를 서명했습니다. (Jeoneun i seoryureul seomyeonghaetseumnida.) - I signed this document.
- Overuse or Misuse in Casual Conversation
- '서명하다' is inherently formal. While it can be used in slightly less formal contexts, applying it to very casual actions where simply writing your name is involved might sound a bit stiff. For instance, signing a birthday card might more naturally use '싸인하다' or simply '이름을 쓰다' (ireumeul sseuda) - to write one's name.
Less natural: 친구 생일 카드에 서명했다. (Chingu saengil kadeu-e seomyeonghaetda.)
More natural: 친구 생일 카드에 이름을 썼다. (Chingu saengil kadeu-e ireumeul sseotda.) or 친구 생일 카드에 싸인했다. (Chingu saengil kadeu-e ssainhaetda.) - I signed my name on my friend's birthday card.
- Confusing with '도장을 찍다' (dojang-eul jjikda)
- In Korea, using a personal seal (도장 - dojang) is also a common way to formalize documents. While '서명하다' is signing with one's name, '도장을 찍다' means to stamp with a seal. Confusing these actions or their respective verbs can lead to misunderstandings.
Mistake: 이 계약서에 도장을 찍으세요. (I gyeyakseo-e dojang-eul jjigeuseyo.) - Please stamp this contract with your seal.
If the instruction was to sign, the correct phrase would be: 이 계약서에 서명하세요. (I gyeyakseo-e seomyeonghaseyo.) - Please sign this contract.
By paying attention to the formality level and the specific context, you can effectively use '서명하다' and avoid common pitfalls.
While '서명하다' (seomyeonghada) is the most direct and formal term for 'to sign one's name,' other words and phrases can be used depending on the context and formality. Understanding these alternatives will enrich your vocabulary and help you choose the most appropriate expression.
- 싸인하다 (ssainhada)
- Meaning: To sign (loanword from English 'sign').
- Usage: This term is very common in spoken Korean and is generally considered less formal than '서명하다'. It's often used for signing autographs, personal letters, or in everyday conversations where formality is not a primary concern.
- Example: 유명 연예인이 팬에게 싸인해 주었다. (Yumyeong yeonyeini paen-ege ssainhae jueotda.) - The famous celebrity gave an autograph to a fan.
- Comparison: '서명하다' is preferred for official documents, while '싸인하다' is more casual. Think of '서명하다' as signing a legal contract and '싸인하다' as signing an autograph.
- 이름을 쓰다 (ireumeul sseuda)
- Meaning: To write one's name.
- Usage: This is a more literal and general phrase. It can be used when the act of writing one's name is emphasized, rather than the formal act of signing. It's less about legal acknowledgment and more about the physical act of writing.
- Example: 학생들은 출석부에 이름을 썼다. (Haksaengdeureun chulseokbu-e ireumeul sseotda.) - The students wrote their names on the attendance list.
- Comparison: '이름을 쓰다' is descriptive of the action itself. '서명하다' implies a more formal purpose behind writing the name, such as giving consent or acknowledging something officially.
- 날인하다 (narinhada)
- Meaning: To affix a seal; to stamp.
- Usage: This verb refers to the act of using a personal seal (도장 - dojang), which is a traditional and often legally binding method of authentication in Korea, sometimes used in place of or alongside a signature.
- Example: 계약서에 본인의 도장을 날인했습니다. (Gyeyakseo-e bonin-ui dojangeul narinhaetseumnida.) - I affixed my seal to the contract.
- Comparison: '날인하다' is about using a seal, whereas '서명하다' is about writing one's name. Both are methods of authentication, but they involve different actions and tools.
- 승인하다 (seung-inhada)
- Meaning: To approve; to authorize.
- Usage: This verb is related to the outcome of signing. When someone signs a document, they are often giving their approval or authorization. '승인하다' focuses on the act of granting permission or approval, which is often the purpose of signing.
- Example: 상사는 그 제안을 승인했다. (Sangsa-neun geu je-an-eul seung-inhaetda.) - The boss approved the proposal.
- Comparison: '서명하다' is the action of signing, while '승인하다' is the result or purpose of that action in many contexts. You sign a document to approve it.
Choosing the right word depends heavily on the context. For official documents, '서명하다' is the standard. For autographs or casual signatures, '싸인하다' is common. If a seal is involved, '날인하다' is used. And if you're talking about the permission granted, '승인하다' is the appropriate term.
How Formal Is It?
Wusstest du?
In Korea, both signing with one's name ('서명') and using a personal seal ('도장 날인') are common methods for formal authentication. While '서명하다' is universally understood and used for signing, the practice of using a seal has deep historical roots and is still prevalent in many official transactions, sometimes even preferred over a written signature.
Aussprachehilfe
- Pronouncing the initial 'ㅇ' in '서명' as a sound.
- Incorrectly aspirating or de-aspirating the 'ㅎ' in '하다'.
- Confusing the 'ㅓ' (eo) sound with other vowel sounds.
Schwierigkeitsgrad
The word '서명하다' is relatively straightforward in meaning and usage for learners at the A2 level. Its core meaning is 'to sign one's name,' which is easily understood. However, understanding the nuances of its formal usage, common collocations, and the distinction between '서명하다' and '싸인하다' might require more practice. Reading formal documents in Korean will expose learners to this word frequently.
Producing sentences with '서명하다' is generally manageable for A2 learners. The main challenge lies in correctly conjugating the verb and using appropriate particles (like '을/를' or '에') depending on what is being signed. Learners might also need guidance on choosing between '서명하다' and '싸인하다' based on the context.
Using '서명하다' in spoken Korean is less frequent than in written contexts, but it's important for situations requiring formal requests or descriptions of signing actions. Learners might feel more comfortable using the loanword '싸인하다' in casual conversation, so actively practicing '서명하다' in appropriate contexts is beneficial.
Recognizing '서명하다' in spoken Korean is crucial, especially in administrative or service settings where instructions are given. While it might not be the most frequently heard verb in casual daily conversation, it's common in specific functional contexts like banks, government offices, or when discussing formal agreements.
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Voraussetzungen
Als Nächstes lernen
Fortgeschritten
Wichtige Grammatik
Object Particle '을/를'
When '서명하다' acts on a direct object like a document, the object particle '을/를' is used. Example: 계약서를 서명하다. (To sign the contract.)
Location Particle '에'
When signing 'on' a specific form or surface, the location particle '에' can be used. Example: 서류에 서명하다. (To sign on the document.)
Obligation '-아/어/여야 하다'
To express necessity or obligation to sign. Example: 이 서류에 서명해야 합니다. (This document must be signed.)
Polite Request '-아/어/여 주세요'
To politely ask someone to sign. Example: 여기에 서명해 주세요. (Please sign here.)
Past Tense Conjugation '-았/었/였-'
To describe the action of signing in the past. Example: 저는 이미 서명했습니다. (I already signed.)
Beispiele nach Niveau
이 서류에 서명해주세요.
Please sign this document.
'주세요' (juseyo) is a polite request form. '서류' (seoryu) means document.
계약서에 서명했습니다.
I signed the contract.
'계약서' (gyeyakseo) means contract. The past tense '-했습니다' (-haetseumnida) is used.
여권에 서명할 필요가 있어요.
I need to sign my passport.
'필요가 있어요' (pilyoga isseoyo) means 'there is a need' or 'I need to'.
모든 참가자는 명단에 서명해야 합니다.
All participants must sign the roster.
'참가자' (chamgaja) means participant. '-해야 합니다' (-haeya hamnida) indicates obligation or necessity.
그는 자신의 이름으로 서명했다.
He signed with his name.
'그는' (geuneun) means 'he'. '자신의 이름으로' (jasin-ui ireumeuro) means 'with his own name'.
이 양식에 서명하시겠어요?
Would you like to sign this form?
'양식' (yangsik) means form. '-하시겠어요?' (-hasigesseoyo?) is a polite offer or question.
영수증에 서명 부탁드립니다.
Please sign the receipt.
'영수증' (yeongsujeung) means receipt. '부탁드립니다' (butakdeurimnida) is a polite request.
저는 이 편지에 서명할 거예요.
I will sign this letter.
'편지' (pyeonji) means letter. '-ㄹ 거예요' (-l geoyeyo) indicates future intention.
본인은 상기 내용에 대해 이의 없이 서명합니다.
I hereby sign, stating that I have no objections to the above content.
'본인' (bonin) means 'the undersigned' or 'myself'. '상기 내용' (sangi naeyong) means 'the above content'.
모든 직원은 입사 시 근로 계약서에 서명해야 합니다.
All employees must sign the employment contract upon joining.
'입사 시' (ipsa si) means 'upon joining the company'. '근로 계약서' (geullo gyeyakseo) means employment contract.
그는 위임장에 자신의 대리인에게 서명하도록 위임했습니다.
He authorized his agent to sign the power of attorney on his behalf.
'위임장' (wiimjang) means power of attorney. '대리인' (daeriin) means agent.
이 문서는 본인이 직접 서명해야 법적 효력이 있습니다.
This document only has legal effect if signed personally by the principal.
'법적 효력' (beopjeok hyoryeok) means legal effect. '직접' (jikjeop) means directly or personally.
그녀는 모든 감사 서류에 신중하게 서명했습니다.
She carefully signed all the audit documents.
'감사 서류' (gamsa seoryu) means audit documents. '신중하게' (sinjunghage) means carefully.
이 동의서에 서명하면 환불 규정을 인정하는 것으로 간주됩니다.
Signing this consent form implies acceptance of the refund policy.
'동의서' (dong-uiseo) means consent form. '간주됩니다' (ganjudoemnida) means 'is considered'.
부동산 거래에서는 매도인과 매수인이 모두 서명해야 합니다.
In real estate transactions, both the seller and the buyer must sign.
'부동산 거래' (budongsan georae) means real estate transaction. '매도인' (maedoin) seller, '매수인' (maesuin) buyer.
고용 계약서에 서명하기 전에 모든 조항을 꼼꼼히 읽어보세요.
Please read all the clauses carefully before signing the employment contract.
'조항' (johang) means clause. '꼼꼼히' (kkomkkomhi) means meticulously or thoroughly.
본 계약은 당사자들의 정식 서명 후에 발효됩니다.
This agreement becomes effective after the formal signatures of the parties.
'당사자' (dangsaja) means party (to a contract). '발효되다' (balhyodoeda) means to become effective or to take effect.
법률 전문가는 해당 문서에 서명하기 전에 모든 법적 함의를 고려할 것을 권고했습니다.
The legal expert advised to consider all legal implications before signing the document.
'법적 함의' (beopjeok hamui) means legal implications. '권고하다' (gwongohada) means to advise or recommend.
위임받은 대리인은 위임장에 서명함으로써 그 권한을 행사할 수 있습니다.
The authorized agent can exercise their authority by signing the power of attorney.
'위임받은' (wiimbat-eun) means authorized or entrusted. '권한' (gwonhan) means authority.
그는 자신의 진술서에 서명하기를 거부했고, 이는 수사에 영향을 미쳤습니다.
He refused to sign his statement, which affected the investigation.
'진술서' (jinsulseo) means statement. '거부하다' (geobuhada) means to refuse.
이 약관은 고객이 서비스 이용 시 자동으로 서명하는 것으로 간주됩니다.
These terms and conditions are deemed to be automatically signed by the customer upon using the service.
'약관' (yakgwan) means terms and conditions. '이용 시' (iyong si) means 'upon using'.
회사는 모든 직원의 개인 정보 보호 정책 서명을 의무화했습니다.
The company has mandated all employees to sign the personal information protection policy.
'개인 정보 보호 정책' (gaein jeongbo boho jeongchaek) means personal information protection policy. '의무화하다' (uimuhwahada) means to mandate or make obligatory.
미성년자가 법적 구속력이 있는 계약에 서명하려면 법정 대리인의 동의가 필요합니다.
A minor requires the consent of their legal guardian to sign a legally binding contract.
'미성년자' (miseongnyeonja) means minor. '법정 대리인' (beopjeong daeriin) means legal guardian.
각 당사자는 계약 조건에 대한 완전한 이해를 바탕으로 서명해야 합니다.
Each party must sign based on a complete understanding of the contract terms.
'이해' (ihae) means understanding. '바탕으로' (batangeuro) means based on.
본인은 모든 법적 책임과 의무를 인지하고 본 계약서에 자발적으로 서명합니다.
I acknowledge all legal responsibilities and obligations and voluntarily sign this contract.
'법적 책임' (beopjeok chaegim) means legal responsibility. '자발적으로' (jabaljeogeuro) means voluntarily.
회사의 정관에 명시된 바와 같이, 모든 주요 결정은 이사회 구성원의 서명을 요합니다.
As stipulated in the company's articles of incorporation, all major decisions require the signatures of the board members.
'정관' (jeonggwan) means articles of incorporation. '이사회 구성원' (isahoe guseongwon) means board member.
그는 자신의 진술에 대한 증거로 위조된 서명을 사용한 혐의로 기소되었습니다.
He was indicted on charges of using a forged signature as evidence for his statement.
'위조된 서명' (wijo-doen seomyeong) means forged signature. '혐의' (hyeomui) means charge or suspicion.
본 서명은 어떠한 제3자에게도 권리를 양도하거나 의무를 면제하는 것을 의미하지 않습니다.
This signature does not imply the assignment of rights or the waiver of obligations to any third party.
'권리를 양도하다' (gwolli-reul yangdohada) means to assign rights. '면제하다' (myeonjehada) means to waive or exempt.
기업 인수 합병 과정에서 모든 관련 당사자의 신속한 서명이 필수적입니다.
The prompt signatures of all relevant parties are essential in the process of mergers and acquisitions.
'인수 합병' (insu habbyeong) means merger and acquisition. '필수적' (pilsusjeok) means essential.
그녀는 자신의 예술 작품에 대한 저작권 보호를 위해 서명하는 것을 잊지 않았습니다.
She did not forget to sign her artwork to ensure copyright protection.
'저작권 보호' (jeojakgwon boho) means copyright protection. '잊지 않았습니다' (itji anatseumnida) means did not forget.
국제 조약은 참여국 정상들의 서명을 통해 그 효력을 발휘합니다.
International treaties exert their effect through the signatures of the heads of state of the participating countries.
'국제 조약' (gukje joyak) means international treaty. '정상' (jeongsang) means head of state.
전자 서명은 전통적인 서명만큼이나 법적 구속력을 가질 수 있습니다.
Electronic signatures can carry as much legal binding power as traditional signatures.
'전자 서명' (jeonja seomyeong) means electronic signature. '법적 구속력' (beopjeok gusokryeok) means legal binding power.
본인은 본 계약서에 명시된 모든 조항의 의미와 그 법적 함의를 충분히 이해하였음을 확인하며, 이에 자발적이고 무결한 의사로 서명합니다.
I confirm that I have fully understood the meaning of all clauses specified in this contract and their legal implications, and hereby sign with voluntary and uncoerced intent.
'무결한 의사' (mugyeolhan uisa) means uncoerced or unimpaired intent. '확인하며' (hwaginhamyeo) means 'confirming and'.
공증인은 서명자의 신원을 확인하고, 서명이 진정으로 이루어졌음을 증명하는 인증 문구를 기재합니다.
The notary public verifies the identity of the signatory and inscribes a certification statement attesting that the signature was genuinely made.
'공증인' (gongjeungin) means notary public. '진정으로' (jinjeongeuro) means genuinely or truly.
회사의 정관 개정안은 주주총회의 승인을 거쳐, 이사회의 만장일치 서명으로 효력을 발생시킬 것이다.
The proposed amendment to the company's articles of incorporation will take effect upon the unanimous signatures of the board of directors, following approval by the shareholders' meeting.
'주주총회' (jujuchonghoe) means shareholders' meeting. '만장일치' (manjangilchi) means unanimous.
그는 개인적인 이익을 위해 회사의 기밀 정보를 유출하는 데 동의하며 서명했다는 혐의를 받고 있다.
He is accused of having signed in agreement to leak the company's confidential information for personal gain.
'기밀 정보' (gimil jeongbo) means confidential information. '유출하다' (yuchulhada) means to leak.
양 당사자는 본 계약의 모든 조항에 대해 충분한 법률 자문을 거쳤으며, 이에 대한 완전한 이해를 바탕으로 서명하였음을 확인한다.
Both parties confirm that they have undergone sufficient legal counsel regarding all clauses of this agreement and have signed based upon a complete understanding thereof.
'법률 자문' (beomnyul jamun) means legal counsel. '확인한다' (hwaginhanda) means 'confirm'.
본인은 본 계약의 효력 발생 시점부터 그 어떤 수정이나 변경도 제3자의 개입 없이 당사자 간의 서면 합의에 의해서만 가능함을 인지하고 서명한다.
I acknowledge and sign, understanding that from the effective date of this contract, any amendments or modifications are permissible only through written agreement between the parties, without the intervention of any third party.
'효력 발생 시점' (hyoryeok balseng sijeom) means effective date. '서면 합의' (seomyeon habui) means written agreement.
그의 서명은 그의 고유한 필체와 특징적인 획으로 인해 법의학적 분석에서도 쉽게 식별될 수 있었다.
His signature, due to his unique handwriting and characteristic strokes, could be easily identified even in forensic analysis.
'고유한 필체' (goyuhan pilche) means unique handwriting. '법의학적 분석' (beobuihakjeok bunseok) means forensic analysis.
이 국제 협약은 각국의 대표들이 최종본에 서명함으로써 그 구속력을 확보하게 된다.
This international convention secures its binding force through the signatures of the representatives of each country on the final version.
'협약' (hyeobyak) means convention or agreement. '구속력' (gusokryeok) means binding force.
Häufige Kollokationen
Häufige Phrasen
— Please sign.
직원이 말했습니다. '이 서류에 서명하세요.' (The staff said, 'Please sign this document.')
— I/You/We must sign.
이 계약은 서명해야 합니다. (This contract must be signed.)
— I/You/We signed.
저는 이미 그 문서에 서명했습니다. (I already signed that document.)
— I/You/We cannot sign.
저는 이 내용에 동의할 수 없어서 서명할 수 없습니다. (I cannot agree with this content, so I cannot sign.)
— I/You/We have an obligation to sign.
모든 직원은 이 정책에 서명할 의무가 있습니다. (All employees have an obligation to sign this policy.)
— Personal signature by the undersigned.
이 신청서는 본인이 직접 서명해야 유효합니다. (This application is valid only if personally signed by the applicant.)
— Signature and seal.
계약서에는 서명 날인이 모두 필요합니다. (Both signature and seal are required for the contract.)
— Refusal to sign.
그는 진술서에 서명 거부 의사를 밝혔다. (He expressed his refusal to sign the statement.)
— Formal signature.
이 계약은 정식 서명 후에 효력이 발생합니다. (This contract takes effect after a formal signature.)
— Handwritten signature.
자필 서명이 필요한 서류입니다. (This is a document that requires a handwritten signature.)
Wird oft verwechselt mit
'싸인하다' is a loanword from English 'sign' and is generally used in more casual spoken contexts, like signing autographs. '서명하다' is the more formal and standard Korean term, preferred for official documents like contracts and legal papers.
'날인하다' means 'to affix a seal' or 'to stamp.' While both '서명하다' and '날인하다' are methods of authentication in Korea, '서명하다' involves writing one's name, whereas '날인하다' involves using a personal seal (도장).
'이름을 쓰다' literally means 'to write one's name.' It's a more general description of the action and doesn't necessarily carry the formal weight or legal implication that '서명하다' does. You might write your name on a simple list, but you 'sign' a contract.
Redewendungen & Ausdrücke
— Literally 'place to stamp a seal.' This idiom refers to a designated spot for a signature or seal on a document, implying that an action or agreement is expected to be formalized there. It's often used metaphorically to mean a point of commitment or decision.
그는 결국 그 제안에 도장 찍을 자리에 이름을 올렸다. (He eventually put his name down at the 'seal stamping spot' for the proposal, meaning he committed to it.)
Colloquial— Literally 'to pick up a pen.' This idiom refers to the act of preparing to sign or write, often implying a decision to proceed or agree.
모든 논의가 끝난 후, 그는 마침내 펜을 들었다. (After all discussions were finished, he finally picked up the pen, signifying his decision to sign.)
Neutral— Literally 'to fill in the blank.' While not directly about signing, it often precedes or accompanies the act of signing, as signing typically involves filling in a designated blank space with one's name.
그는 빈칸을 채우듯 자연스럽게 서명했다. (He signed naturally, as if filling in a blank.)
Neutral— Literally 'to put one's name up.' This can mean to be listed, registered, or to sign up for something. In the context of signing, it means to formally add your name to a list or document.
그는 프로젝트 팀에 이름을 올리기 위해 서명했다. (He signed to put his name on the project team list.)
Neutral— To take responsibility. Signing a document often means accepting responsibility for its contents or the actions it entails.
이 계약서에 서명하는 것은 모든 책임을 지는 것을 의미합니다. (Signing this contract means taking on all responsibilities.)
Formal— To keep one's word. Signing a contract is a formal way of making a promise and committing to keeping one's word.
서명은 당신의 말을 지키겠다는 약속입니다. (A signature is a promise to keep your word.)
Neutral— To solidify a decision. Signing often represents the final step in making a firm decision.
그는 여러 번의 고민 끝에 결국 서명함으로써 결정을 굳혔다. (After much deliberation, he finally solidified his decision by signing.)
Neutral— To finalize a deal. Signing is often the act that makes a deal official.
계약서에 서명함으로써 거래를 성사시켰습니다. (We finalized the deal by signing the contract.)
Business— To express one's intention or will. Signing is a way to formally express your intention or will regarding a document.
서명은 당신의 의사를 명확히 표하는 것입니다. (Signing is a way to clearly express your intention.)
Formal— To stamp a seal firmly. Similar to '펜을 들다' but for seals, it implies a decisive action of formalization.
모든 확인이 끝난 후, 그는 도장을 쾅 찍었다. (After all confirmations were done, he firmly stamped his seal.)
ColloquialLeicht verwechselbar
Both '서명하다' and '싸인하다' mean 'to sign'.
'서명하다' is the native Korean, formal term used for official documents like contracts, legal papers, and applications. It carries a sense of legal weight and formal agreement. '싸인하다' is a loanword from English ('sign') and is much more common in casual spoken Korean, often used for signing autographs, personal letters, or in informal situations where strict formality isn't required. Using '싸인하다' in a very formal legal context might be perceived as slightly less proper than '서명하다'.
Formal: 이 계약서에 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>서명해야</mark> 합니다. (You must sign this contract.) Informal: 유명인이 팬에게 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>싸인해</mark> 주었다. (The celebrity gave an autograph to a fan.)
Both '서명하다' and '날인하다' are actions related to authenticating documents.
'서명하다' means to sign one's name in writing. '날인하다' means to affix a personal seal (도장 - dojang), which is a traditional and legally recognized method of authentication in Korea. While signing with a name is common, using a seal is also widely practiced, especially for important documents. Sometimes, both might be required.
Formal document might require: 계약서에 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>서명</mark>하고 도장을 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>날인하십시오</mark>. (Sign the contract and affix your seal.)
Both involve writing a name.
'서명하다' specifically refers to the formal act of signing one's name to a document for legal or official purposes, implying agreement or acknowledgment. '이름을 쓰다' (to write one's name) is a more general and descriptive phrase. You might 'write your name' on a casual list or a birthday card, but you 'sign' a contract or a passport. '서명하다' carries a weight of formality and commitment that '이름을 쓰다' does not.
Simple list: 출석부에 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>이름을 썼습니다</mark>. (I wrote my name on the attendance list.) Formal document: 이 신청서에 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>서명해야</mark> 합니다. (You must sign this application.)
Signing often leads to approval.
'서명하다' is the action of physically signing one's name on a document. '승인하다' means 'to approve' or 'to authorize.' Signing a document is often the means by which approval is granted, but they are not the same action. You sign *in order to* approve, or the act of signing *implies* approval.
계약서에 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>서명함으로써</mark> (by signing) 그 조건을 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>승인했습니다</mark> (approved). (By signing the contract, I approved the conditions.)
Signing often signifies agreement.
'서명하다' is the act of writing one's name. '동의하다' means 'to agree' or 'to consent.' When you sign a document, you are typically expressing your agreement or consent to its terms. The signature is the physical manifestation of that agreement.
그는 모든 조항에 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>동의하여</mark> 계약서에 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>서명했습니다</mark>. (He agreed to all the clauses and signed the contract.)
Satzmuster
Noun + 을/를 + 서명하다.
이 서류<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>를</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>서명했습니다</mark>.
Noun + 에 + 서명하세요.
여권<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>에</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>서명하세요</mark>.
Noun + 은/는 + 서명해야 합니다.
계약서<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>는</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>서명해야 합니다</mark>.
Noun + 을/를 + 서명할 것이다/거예요.
내일 이 문서<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>를</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>서명할 거예요</mark>.
Noun + 으로/로 + 서명하다.
본인<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>으로</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>서명했습니다</mark>.
Noun + 의 + 서명 + 이/가 + Verb.
그의 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>서명</mark>은 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>확인되었습니다</mark>.
Verb stem + -기 + 를 + 서명하다.
계약<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>하기를</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>서명했습니다</mark>.
Noun + 에 + 서명하다 + -ㅁ/음 (nominalization).
이 계약<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>에</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>서명함</mark>으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
Wortfamilie
Substantive
Verben
Verwandt
So verwendest du es
High in formal contexts (legal, business, administrative), medium in semi-formal contexts (hotels, registration), low in casual conversation.
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Using '싸인하다' for official documents.
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Using '서명하다' for official documents.
'서명하다' is the formal, native Korean term for signing official documents like contracts and legal papers. '싸인하다' is a loanword and is more casual, suitable for autographs or less formal situations. Using '싸인하다' in a formal context can sound inappropriate.
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Incorrect particle usage (e.g., omitting '을/를' or using '에' incorrectly).
→
Using the correct particles: '계약서<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>를</mark> 서명하다' or '서류<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>에</mark> 서명하다'.
The object being signed typically takes the object particle '을/를' (e.g., '계약서를 서명하다'). When referring to signing *on* a document or form, the location particle '에' can also be used (e.g., '서류<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>에</mark> 서명하다'). Omitting these particles or using the wrong one can lead to grammatical errors.
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Confusing '서명하다' with '날인하다'.
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Using '서명하다' for signing with a name and '날인하다' for stamping with a seal.
'서명하다' means to sign your name. '날인하다' means to affix a seal (도장). While both authenticate documents in Korea, they are distinct actions. Ensure you use the correct verb based on whether a written signature or a seal is required.
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Using '서명하다' in very casual conversation.
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Using '싸인하다' or '이름을 쓰다' in casual conversation.
'서명하다' implies formality and officiality. Using it to describe signing a birthday card or a simple note can sound overly formal or even humorous. In such casual contexts, '싸인하다' or the more general '이름을 쓰다' (to write one's name) are more natural.
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Assuming signing automatically means approval without understanding the content.
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Understanding the document's content before signing.
Signing a document is a legally binding act that signifies agreement. It is crucial to read and understand the entire document before you '서명하다', as your signature implies acceptance of all its terms and conditions. Failure to do so can lead to unintended consequences.
Tipps
Formality Matters
Remember that '서명하다' is primarily used in formal and official contexts. For casual signing, like autographs or personal notes, '싸인하다' is more common. Using '서명하다' in a very informal setting might sound overly stiff.
Particles are Key
Pay close attention to particles when using '서명하다'. The object particle '을/를' is used for the item being signed (e.g., 계약서를 서명하다), and the location particle '에' can be used to indicate where to sign (e.g., 여기에 서명하다 - sign here).
Official Settings
You will most frequently encounter '서명하다' in government offices, banks, legal firms, and when dealing with official paperwork. Familiarize yourself with the common phrases used in these environments.
Signature vs. Seal
Understand that in Korea, both written signatures ('서명') and personal seals ('도장 날인') are used for authentication. While '서명하다' is for signing your name, '날인하다' is for stamping with a seal. Be aware of which method is required for a particular document.
Practice Active Recall
When learning '서명하다,' try to actively recall its meaning and usage by creating your own sentences or describing situations where you would need to sign something. This helps solidify the word in your memory.
Clear Articulation
Ensure you pronounce each syllable clearly, especially the 'ㅅ' at the beginning and the aspirated 'ㅎ' in '하다'. Pay attention to the vowel sounds to avoid confusion with similar-sounding words.
Respectful Action
Signing a document is a serious act in Korean culture, signifying agreement and responsibility. Always ensure you understand what you are signing before you '서명하다' to avoid unintended consequences.
Expand Your Range
Learn related terms like '계약서' (contract), '신청서' (application), '영수증' (receipt), and '진술서' (statement) to better understand the contexts where '서명하다' is used.
Avoid Overuse in Casual Talk
Resist the urge to use '서명하다' for every instance of signing. While technically correct, it can sound overly formal or stiff in casual conversation where '싸인하다' or '이름을 쓰다' would be more natural.
Practice in Role-Plays
Engage in role-playing scenarios where you need to sign documents, such as checking into a hotel or applying for a service. This practical application will boost your confidence in using '서명하다' correctly.
Einprägen
Eselsbrücke
Imagine a famous person (명 - myeong) who has to sign (서 - seo, like 'say' or 'scribe') a huge document. They have to 'say' or 'scribe' their name. The '하다' part means they are 'doing' it.
Visuelle Assoziation
Picture a formal document with a large, elaborate signature written across it. The signature looks like a prominent name ('명'). The act of putting it there is like writing it down ('서').
Word Web
Herausforderung
Write down five different official documents you might need to sign in Korea and practice saying you will sign them using '서명하다' in the future tense.
Wortherkunft
The word '서명하다' is derived from the Sino-Korean words '서명' (seomyeong) meaning 'signature' and '하다' (hada) meaning 'to do'. The term itself is a direct translation of the concept of signing one's name.
Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: The Hanja characters for '서명' are 署 (se-o, to write down, to subscribe) and 名 (myeong, name). Thus, the literal meaning is 'to write down one's name'.
Sino-Korean (derived from Chinese characters)Kultureller Kontext
When asked to sign a document, it is important to read it carefully and understand its contents before doing so. Signing implies full agreement and acceptance of terms, and it is a legally binding act. Refusing to sign is also a valid option if you do not agree.
In English-speaking countries, signing with a name is the primary method of formal authentication for most documents. While seals exist, they are less common in everyday transactions compared to written signatures.
Im Alltag üben
Kontexte aus dem Alltag
Signing official documents at a government office.
- 이 서류에 서명해 주세요.
- 본인 서명이 필요합니다.
- 신분증을 보여주세요.
Completing a contract for a new job or apartment.
- 계약서 내용을 확인했습니다.
- 제가 서명할 부분이 여기입니다.
- 서명 후에는 효력이 발생합니다.
Making a financial transaction at a bank.
- 통장에 서명해 주세요.
- 이 신청서에 서명하시면 됩니다.
- 거래 확인 서명입니다.
Receiving a package or service.
- 영수증에 서명 부탁드립니다.
- 물건 받으셨으면 서명해 주세요.
- 서비스 이용 확인 서명입니다.
Discussing legal matters or agreements.
- 계약서에 서명하기 전에 변호사와 상담하세요.
- 모든 당사자의 서명이 필요합니다.
- 이 서명은 법적 구속력이 있습니다.
Gesprächseinstiege
"Have you ever had to sign a very important document in Korean?"
"What's the difference between signing your name and using a seal in Korea?"
"When is it appropriate to use '서명하다' versus '싸인하다'?"
"Can you think of a situation where refusing to sign a document might be necessary?"
"What are some common documents you might need to sign when living in Korea?"
Tagebuch-Impulse
Describe a time you had to sign an important document. What was it, and how did you feel?
Imagine you are opening a new business in Korea. What kind of documents would you need to sign, and what would they be for?
Write a short dialogue between a bank teller and a customer where the customer needs to sign a form.
Reflect on the importance of signatures in establishing trust and commitment. How does signing a document solidify an agreement?
Compare and contrast the act of signing your name with using a personal seal. What are the cultural implications of each in Korea?
Häufig gestellte Fragen
10 Fragen'서명하다' (seomyeonghada) is the native Korean and more formal term for 'to sign one's name.' It is used for official documents like contracts, legal papers, and applications. '싸인하다' (ssainhada) is a loanword from English 'sign' and is generally used in more casual spoken contexts, such as signing autographs or in informal situations. While both mean 'to sign,' '서명하다' carries more formality and legal weight.
You should use '서명하다' whenever you are formally signing your name on official documents. This includes contracts, legal agreements, job applications, government forms, passports, and any other document that requires your written acknowledgment or approval. It signifies a commitment and legal agreement.
No, in Korea, using a personal seal (도장 - dojang) is also a very common and legally recognized method of authentication, often used alongside or sometimes instead of a written signature. The verb for affixing a seal is '날인하다' (narinhada). However, '서명하다' is universally understood and used for written signatures.
If you make a mistake while signing a formal document, it might render the signature invalid or cause issues with the document's legal effect. For important documents, it's best to ask for a new form if you make a significant error. Minor smudges might be acceptable, but it's always safer to be careful and ask for clarification if unsure.
Generally, minors (under the age of 19 in Korea) cannot sign legally binding contracts on their own. They usually require the consent or signature of their legal guardian (parent or appointed guardian). If a minor signs a contract without proper consent, the contract may be voidable.
'자필로' (japillo) means 'by handwriting' or 'personally written.' So, '자필로 서명하다' means to sign with your own handwriting. This emphasizes that the signature must be written by the individual themselves, not by someone else or with a stamp alone.
Yes, electronic signatures are legally valid and widely used in Korea, especially for online transactions and digital documents. They often carry the same legal weight as traditional handwritten signatures, depending on the specific regulations and the method of electronic authentication used.
'서명하다' is the act of signing one's name on a document. '승인하다' means 'to approve' or 'to authorize.' Signing a document is often the way one grants approval, so the two are related, but '서명하다' is the action, and '승인하다' is the outcome or purpose.
You can say '여기에 서명해 주세요.' (Yeogie seomyeonghae juseyo.) or '이 부분에 서명해 주세요.' (I bubun-e seomyeonghae juseyo. - Please sign in this part.)
If you do not agree with the terms or are unsure about a document, you have the right to refuse to sign. You can politely state, '서명할 수 없습니다.' (Seomyeonghal su eopseumnida. - I cannot sign.) or '동의하지 않습니다.' (Dong-uihaji anseumnida. - I do not agree.)
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Summary
The Korean verb '서명하다' (seomyeonghada) is essential for formal situations where you need to sign your name to indicate agreement or approval, such as on contracts or official documents. It's the standard, formal way to sign.
- To formally sign one's name on a document.
- Used for contracts, applications, and official papers.
- Indicates agreement, approval, or acknowledgment.
- More formal than '싸인하다' (ssainhada).
Formality Matters
Remember that '서명하다' is primarily used in formal and official contexts. For casual signing, like autographs or personal notes, '싸인하다' is more common. Using '서명하다' in a very informal setting might sound overly stiff.
Particles are Key
Pay close attention to particles when using '서명하다'. The object particle '을/를' is used for the item being signed (e.g., 계약서를 서명하다), and the location particle '에' can be used to indicate where to sign (e.g., 여기에 서명하다 - sign here).
Official Settings
You will most frequently encounter '서명하다' in government offices, banks, legal firms, and when dealing with official paperwork. Familiarize yourself with the common phrases used in these environments.
Signature vs. Seal
Understand that in Korea, both written signatures ('서명') and personal seals ('도장 날인') are used for authentication. While '서명하다' is for signing your name, '날인하다' is for stamping with a seal. Be aware of which method is required for a particular document.
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