상하다
When food goes bad, we use the verb 상하다. You might hear this when talking about milk, fruit, or leftovers that are no longer fresh. It's a common word to know if you're buying groceries or cooking in Korea. So, if something smells off, it probably 상했어요!
When food goes bad, we use the verb 상하다. This is a very common and practical word to know, especially if you're buying or storing food. You'll hear it often in conversations about groceries or cooking. It's usually used when food is no longer fresh and might be unhealthy to eat. This word helps you describe spoiled food clearly and simply.
§ Don't Confuse 상하다 with 아프다 (To Be Sick/Hurt) or 고장나다 (To Be Broken)
Many beginners mistakenly use 상하다 when they mean something is sick, hurt, or broken, because in English, 'spoiled' can sometimes have a broader implication of something being 'damaged' or 'unwell'. However, in Korean, 상하다 is very specifically for food going bad or spoiling.
- DEFINITION
- To go bad or spoil (for food).
If you want to say a person is sick, you should use 아프다 (ap-peu-da). If an inanimate object like a phone or car is broken, you use 고장나다 (go-jang-na-da). Using 상하다 for these situations would sound very unnatural to a native speaker.
배탈이 나서 배가 아파요.
Hint: My stomach is hurting because I have a stomachache.
제 핸드폰이 고장났어요.
Hint: My phone is broken.
§ Using 상하다 with Inappropriate Subjects
While 상하다 strictly refers to food, sometimes learners try to use it with other things that might 'go bad' in a metaphorical sense in English, like a plan, a mood, or a relationship. This is incorrect in Korean. Korean has different verbs for these concepts.
- For a plan 'going bad' or 'not working out', you might use 안 되다 (an doe-da) or 망치다 (mang-chi-da - to ruin).
- For a mood 'going bad' or 'souring', you could use 기분이 나빠지다 (gi-bun-i na-ppa-ji-da - mood gets bad).
- For a relationship 'going bad', you might use 관계가 나빠지다 (gwan-gye-ga na-ppa-ji-da - relationship gets bad) or 멀어지다 (meol-eo-ji-da - to become distant).
계획이 안 됐어요.
Hint: The plan didn't work out.
친구가 늦어서 기분이 나빠졌어요.
Hint: My friend was late, so my mood got bad.
§ Incorrect Tense or Conjugation
Like all Korean verbs, 상하다 needs to be conjugated correctly based on tense and politeness level. A common mistake is using the base form when a conjugated form is needed, or using an incorrect conjugation. For example, to say 'the food is spoiled' in a polite present tense, you'd typically use 상했어요 (sang-haess-eo-yo).
이 우유 상했어요.
Hint: This milk is spoiled.
Just saying '우유 상하다' (milk spoil) wouldn't be a complete sentence and would sound very awkward. Pay attention to how verbs are used in full sentences.
§ Understanding 상하다 (to spoil/go bad)
The Korean verb 상하다 (sanghada) is commonly used to describe food that has gone bad, spoiled, or is no longer fresh. It's an essential word for anyone living in or visiting Korea, especially when dealing with groceries or eating out. While it literally translates to 'to be damaged' or 'to be hurt,' in the context of food, its meaning is very specific: unappetizing due to decay or staleness.
- Korean Word
- 상하다 (sanghada)
- Meaning
- To go bad or spoil (for food).
- Verb Conjugation
- Present informal polite: 상해요 (sanghaeyo)
- Past informal polite: 상했어요 (sanghaesseoyo)
- Present formal polite: 상합니다 (sanghamnida)
- Past formal polite: 상했습니다 (sanghaetseumnida)
§ Examples of 상하다 in use
Let's look at some practical examples to see how 상하다 is used in everyday Korean conversations about food.
이 우유 상했어요. (I uyu sanghaesseoyo.)
- Hint
- This milk has gone bad.
날씨가 더워서 음식이 빨리 상해요. (Nalssiga deowoseo eumshigi ppalli sanghaeyo.)
- Hint
- Because the weather is hot, the food spoils quickly.
냄새를 맡아보니 김치가 상한 것 같아요. (Naemsaereul mataboni gimchiga sanghan geot gatayo.)
- Hint
- After smelling it, I think the kimchi has gone bad.
§ Similar words and when to use 상하다
While 상하다 is your go-to for general food spoilage, Korean has other verbs that describe similar states but with slightly different nuances. Understanding these differences will make your Korean sound more natural.
- 썩다 (sseokda): This verb specifically means 'to rot' or 'to decay.' It implies a more advanced stage of decomposition, often with visible signs like mold or a very strong, unpleasant odor. You'd typically use 썩다 for things like fruits, vegetables, or meat that have completely decomposed.
사과가 썩었어요. (Sagwaga sseogeosseoyo.)
- Hint
- The apple has rotted.
- 쉬다 (swida): This is specifically used for food that has turned sour or gone bad due to fermentation, like rice or soup. It implies a sour smell or taste. It's common to hear this for rice that has been left out too long.
밥이 쉬었어요. (Babi swieosseoyo.)
- Hint
- The rice has gone sour.
- 변질되다 (byeonjildweda): This is a more formal or technical term meaning 'to deteriorate' or 'to be altered in quality.' It can be used for food, but also for other products. It often implies a change in the food's original quality, not necessarily full spoilage.
냉장고에 오래 두면 식품이 변질될 수 있습니다. (Naengjanggoe orae dumyeon shikpumi byeonjildwel su itseumnida.)
- Hint
- If you leave food in the refrigerator for a long time, it can deteriorate.
When to use 상하다:
Use 상하다 for the most general sense of food going bad. It's versatile and can apply to almost any type of food (milk, meat, fruit, vegetables, cooked dishes, etc.) when it's no longer fresh or safe to eat. It covers a broad spectrum from slightly off to clearly spoiled, without necessarily implying complete rot or sourness.
By understanding these distinctions, you can talk about food freshness and spoilage with much greater precision in Korean. Keep practicing these words, and you'll soon be navigating Korean kitchens and restaurants like a pro!
Aussprachehilfe
- Some learners might mispronounce the 'ㅇ' (ng) sound at the end of '상' (sang) if they are not used to Korean pronunciation rules. It is a velar nasal consonant, similar to the 'ng' in 'sing' or 'long'.
- The 'ㅏ' vowel in '하' (ha) is often pronounced more like the 'a' in 'father' or 'car' in American English, and a slightly softer 'a' in British English. Pay attention to the subtle differences to sound more natural.
- The 'ㅗ' vowel in '고' (go) is a pure vowel and should not be diphthongized. It's similar to the 'o' in 'go' but without the 'w' sound at the end.
Wichtige Grammatik
Can be used with adverbs like 빨리 (quickly) or 곧 (soon) to indicate when food spoils.
날씨가 더워서 음식이 빨리 상할 수 있어요. (The weather is hot, so food can spoil quickly.)
Often used in the past tense to describe food that has already spoiled.
냉장고에 있던 우유가 상했어요. (The milk in the refrigerator went bad.)
Can be used with the ~지 않다 (~ji anta) negation to say food hasn't spoiled.
이 음식은 아직 상하지 않았어요. (This food hasn't spoiled yet.)
Can be used in a passive form (상하다) to mean 'to be spoiled'.
냉장고에 넣어두지 않으면 음식이 쉽게 상해요. (If you don't put it in the refrigerator, food spoils easily.)
Can be used with ~면 (~myeon) to talk about a condition of food spoiling.
과일이 상하면 버려야 해요. (If fruit spoils, you have to throw it away.)
Beispiele nach Niveau
이 우유 상했어요.
This milk spoiled.
상했어요 (sanghaesseoyo) is the past tense polite form of 상하다 (sanghada).
과일이 상하기 전에 빨리 먹어야 해요.
I need to eat the fruit quickly before it spoils.
상하기 전에 (sanghagi jeone) means 'before it spoils'.
냉장고에 넣어두지 않으면 음식이 쉽게 상해요.
If you don't put it in the refrigerator, food spoils easily.
쉽게 상해요 (swipge sanghaeyo) means 'spoils easily'.
생선이 벌써 상했어요.
The fish has already gone bad.
벌써 (beolsseo) means 'already'.
빵이 상해서 버렸어요.
The bread spoiled, so I threw it away.
버렸어요 (beoryeosseoyo) is the past tense polite form of 버리다 (beorida), 'to throw away'.
음식을 너무 오래 두면 상해요.
If you leave food out too long, it spoils.
너무 오래 (neomu orae) means 'too long'.
이 고기 상한 것 같아요.
I think this meat is spoiled.
것 같아요 (geot gatayo) means 'I think it is...'
상한 음식을 먹지 마세요.
Don't eat spoiled food.
먹지 마세요 (meokji maseyo) means 'please don't eat'.
이 우유는 상했어요.
This milk went bad.
상했어요 (sanghaesseoyo) is the past tense of 상하다 (sanghada) and means 'went bad' or 'spoiled'.
과일이 냉장고에 없어서 빨리 상할 거예요.
The fruit isn't in the fridge, so it will spoil quickly.
상할 거예요 (sanghal geoyeyo) uses the future tense ending -ㄹ 거예요 to express an expectation or plan.
냉장고에 넣지 않으면 음식이 상해요.
If you don't put it in the fridge, the food spoils.
-지 않으면 (-ji aneumyeon) means 'if you don't' or 'unless you'.
여름에는 음식이 더 쉽게 상해요.
In summer, food spoils more easily.
더 쉽게 (deo swipge) means 'more easily'.
이 생선은 언제부터 상했나요?
Since when has this fish been spoiled?
언제부터 (eonjebuteo) means 'since when'.
상한 음식을 먹으면 배가 아파요.
If you eat spoiled food, your stomach will hurt.
상한 음식 (sanghan eumshik) uses the descriptive adjective form of 상하다, meaning 'spoiled food'.
벌써 상한 것 같아요. 버려야 해요.
I think it's already spoiled. I have to throw it away.
-ㄹ 것 같아요 (-l geot gatayo) means 'I think it will' or 'it seems like it will'.
오래된 김치는 상하지 않았어요.
The old kimchi didn't spoil.
상하지 않았어요 (sanghaji anhasseoyo) is the negative past tense, meaning 'didn't spoil'.
냉장고에 너무 오래 두면 음식이 상할 수 있어요.
If you leave it in the refrigerator too long, the food can go bad.
-(으)면: if, when
이 우유는 어제 샀는데 벌써 상한 것 같아요.
I bought this milk yesterday, but I think it's already spoiled.
-은/는 것 같다: it seems that, I think that
날씨가 더워서 음식이 쉽게 상해요.
The weather is hot, so food spoils easily.
-어서/아서: because, so
상한 음식을 먹으면 배탈이 날 수 있어요.
If you eat spoiled food, you can get a stomach ache.
-(으)면: if, when
이 과일은 껍질에 멍이 들어서 상했을 수도 있어요.
This fruit has a bruise on its skin, so it might be spoiled.
-(으)ㄹ 수도 있다: might, could
냉동실에 보관하면 음식이 상하는 것을 방지할 수 있어요.
If you store it in the freezer, you can prevent food from spoiling.
-(는) 것을 방지하다: to prevent something from happening
상한 김치는 냄새가 달라져요.
Spoiled kimchi smells different.
-(으)ㄴ: adjectival form of a verb
음식이 상했는지 확인하려면 냄새를 맡아보세요.
To check if the food is spoiled, try smelling it.
-(으)려면: if you want to
냉장고에 너무 오래 두면 음식이 상할 수 있어요.
If you leave it in the refrigerator too long, the food can spoil.
-(으)면: if/when
이 우유는 어제 샀는데 벌써 상한 것 같아요.
I bought this milk yesterday, but I think it's already gone bad.
-은/는 것 같다: I think/it seems that
상한 음식을 먹으면 배탈이 날 수 있으니 조심하세요.
Be careful because if you eat spoiled food, you can get a stomach ache.
-(으)면: if/when; -(으)니: because/so
여름에는 날씨가 더워서 음식이 금방 상해요.
In summer, the weather is hot, so food spoils quickly.
-아서/어서: because/so
이 고기는 냄새가 좀 이상한데, 혹시 상한 건가요?
This meat smells a bit strange, could it be spoiled?
-은/는 건가요?: Is it (that)...?
냉동실에 보관하면 상하는 것을 방지할 수 있습니다.
If you store it in the freezer, you can prevent it from spoiling.
-(으)면: if/when; -는 것을 방지하다: prevent (doing) something
유통기한이 지난 음식은 상했을 가능성이 높아요.
Food past its expiration date has a high possibility of being spoiled.
-았/었을 가능성이 높다: there is a high possibility that...
저는 상한 음식을 모르고 먹었다가 크게 아팠던 적이 있어요.
I once ate spoiled food unknowingly and got very sick.
-(으)ㄴ 적이 있다: have experienced (doing) something
Häufige Kollokationen
Häufige Phrasen
냉장고에 안 넣으면 음식이 상해요.
If you don't put it in the fridge, the food will spoil.
이 생선 좀 상한 것 같아요.
I think this fish might be a little spoiled.
어제 산 고기가 벌써 상했어요.
The meat I bought yesterday has already gone bad.
우유 냄새가 이상한데 상했나 봐요.
The milk smells strange, it must have gone sour.
김치가 너무 오래돼서 상했어요.
The kimchi is too old and has spoiled.
여름에는 음식이 쉽게 상해요.
Food spoils easily in summer.
상한 음식을 먹으면 배탈 나요.
If you eat spoiled food, you'll get a stomach ache.
이 빵은 상하기 전에 빨리 먹어야 해요.
You need to eat this bread quickly before it spoils.
냉장고가 고장 나서 음식이 다 상했어요.
The refrigerator broke down, so all the food spoiled.
이 음식은 안 상하게 잘 보관해야 해요.
You need to store this food well so it doesn't spoil.
Wird oft verwechselt mit
This is the most common and direct way to say 'food has spoiled'.
This idiomatic expression means 'to have an upset stomach' or 'to have diarrhea', often from eating something bad. It's not about the food spoiling, but your stomach being 'spoiled' or upset.
This idiomatic expression means 'to feel hurt', 'to be offended', or 'to have one's feelings hurt'. Here, '상하다' refers to one's mood or feelings being 'damaged' or 'spoiled'.
Redewendungen & Ausdrücke
"음식이 상했어요."
The food has gone bad.
냉장고에 넣어둔 김치가 상했어요. (The kimchi I put in the fridge went bad.)
neutral"과일이 상하기 시작했어요."
The fruit started to spoil.
이 사과들은 어제부터 상하기 시작했어요. (These apples started to spoil since yesterday.)
neutral"고기가 상할까 봐 걱정돼요."
I'm worried the meat might spoil.
날씨가 더워서 고기가 상할까 봐 걱정돼요. (The weather is hot, so I'm worried the meat might spoil.)
neutral"생선이 상하기 전에 먹어야 해요."
You need to eat the fish before it spoils.
이 생선은 오늘 상하기 전에 먹어야 해요. (You need to eat this fish today before it spoils.)
neutral"상한 음식을 먹으면 안 돼요."
You shouldn't eat spoiled food.
상한 음식을 먹으면 배탈이 날 수 있어요. (If you eat spoiled food, you might get a stomach ache.)
neutral"상한 우유 냄새가 나요."
It smells like spoiled milk.
컵에 있는 우유에서 상한 우유 냄새가 나요. (The milk in the cup smells like spoiled milk.)
neutral"음식이 상하지 않도록 조심하세요."
Be careful so the food doesn't spoil.
여름에는 음식이 상하지 않도록 조심해야 해요. (In summer, you need to be careful so food doesn't spoil.)
neutral"냉장고에 넣어두지 않으면 상해요."
If you don't put it in the fridge, it will spoil.
이 빵은 냉장고에 넣어두지 않으면 상해요. (This bread will spoil if you don't put it in the fridge.)
neutral"벌써 상한 것 같아요."
I think it's already spoiled.
이 우유는 유통기한이 지났으니 벌써 상한 것 같아요. (This milk is past its expiration date, so I think it's already spoiled.)
neutral"날씨가 더워 상하기 쉬워요."
It's easy for it to spoil because the weather is hot.
이 음식은 날씨가 더워 상하기 쉬워요. (This food is easy to spoil because the weather is hot.)
neutralLeicht verwechselbar
Both '상하다' and '썩다' can refer to food going bad, but their nuances are different.
'상하다' (sanghada) means food has spoiled and is no longer edible, often due to bacterial growth, and can make you sick. '썩다' (sseokda) is a more general term meaning to rot, decay, or decompose. It can apply to food, but also to wood, teeth, or even a moral character. '썩다' implies a more advanced stage of decay, often with visible signs like mold or a strong odor.
이 사과는 썩었어요. (I sagwaneun sseogeosseoyo.) This apple has rotted. (It's completely decayed.)
'변하다' means to change, and spoiled food has certainly changed. However, '변하다' is a very broad term.
'상하다' specifically refers to food spoilage, making it inedible. '변하다' can refer to any kind of change—a change in color, shape, weather, or even a person's feelings. While spoiled food has '변했다' (changed), you wouldn't use '변하다' alone to specifically describe food spoilage in the same way you'd use '상하다'.
날씨가 변했어요. (Nalssiga byeonhaesseoyo.) The weather has changed.
Visually, when food spoils, it might seem to 'collapse' or fall apart. However, '무너지다' has a very different meaning.
'상하다' is about chemical and bacterial decomposition that makes food unsafe to eat. '무너지다' means to collapse, fall down, or crumble, typically referring to structures, buildings, or even a system. It doesn't apply to the spoilage of food.
건물이 무너졌어요. (Geonmuri muneojyeosseoyo.) The building collapsed.
Eating '상한' (spoiled) food can make you '아프다' (sick/hurt), so learners might connect the two.
'상하다' describes the state of the food itself. '아프다' describes a feeling of pain or being sick, which is a *consequence* of eating spoiled food, not the spoilage itself. You would say '음식이 상해서 배가 아파요' (Eumsigi sanghaeseo baega apayo - My stomach hurts because the food spoiled), not '음식이 아파요' (The food is sick).
머리가 아파요. (Meoriga apayo.) My head hurts.
Food that has '상하다' (spoiled) is often '오래되다' (old).
'오래되다' means something is old, has been around for a long time, or is past its prime. While old food is more likely to spoil, '오래되다' doesn't necessarily mean it's spoiled and unsafe to eat. For example, aged cheese is '오래된' but not '상한'. '상하다' specifically implies it's gone bad and is inedible.
이 빵은 오래되었지만 아직 먹을 수 있어요. (I ppangeun oraedoeeotjiman ajik meogeul su isseoyo.) This bread is old, but I can still eat it.
So verwendest du es
When talking about food that has gone bad, use 상하다. This is a common and practical word to know, especially if you're cooking or eating out in Korea. For example, if milk has gone bad, you can say 우유가 상했어요 (Uyu-ga sanghaesseoyo). You'll often hear this in everyday conversations related to food freshness.
A common mistake is to confuse 상하다 with other verbs that mean 'broken' or 'damaged' in a general sense. While 상하다 means 'spoiled' specifically for food, words like 고장나다 (gojangnada) are used for broken machines, and 망가지다 (manggajida) for something generally damaged or ruined. Remember, 상하다 is for food only!
Tipps
Learn the Base Form
Remember that '상하다' is the base form of the verb. You'll need to conjugate it based on the tense and formality.
Common Usage: Past Tense
It's very common to hear '상했어요' (sang-haess-eoyo) in the past tense, meaning 'it went bad' or 'it's spoiled.'
Example Sentence 1
음식이 상했어요. (Eum-sik-i sang-haess-eoyo.) - The food went bad.
Example Sentence 2
이 우유는 상한 것 같아요. (I u-yu-neun sang-han geot gat-ayo.) - This milk seems spoiled.
Avoid Direct Translation
While 'to go bad' is a good translation, don't try to literally translate 'go' and 'bad' separately. '상하다' is a single verb for this concept.
Food Waste Awareness
Koreans are generally mindful about food waste. Knowing this verb helps in daily conversations about food freshness.
Other Meanings (A bit Advanced)
While the primary A2 meaning is for food, '상하다' can also mean 'to be hurt' or 'to be damaged' (e.g., 마음이 상하다 - to be hurt emotionally). Focus on the food meaning for A2.
Listen for the Sound
Pay attention to the '상' (sang) sound, which is similar to the English word 'sang' but with a slightly softer 's'.
Practice Conjugation
Practice conjugating '상하다' into different tenses and politeness levels, such as '상해요' (present polite) and '상했습니다' (past formal). This builds your fluency.
Im Alltag üben
Kontexte aus dem Alltag
You bought some fruit a few days ago, and now it looks and smells off.
- 과일이 상했어요. (The fruit spoiled.)
- 이 사과 상한 것 같아요. (I think this apple went bad.)
- 상한 과일은 버려야 해요. (You have to throw away spoiled fruit.)
You're checking food in the fridge and notice some leftovers aren't looking good.
- 음식이 상했나 봐요. (It looks like the food went bad.)
- 냉장고에 있는 반찬이 상했어요. (The side dish in the fridge spoiled.)
- 상하기 전에 빨리 먹어야 해요. (You should eat it quickly before it spoils.)
Someone offers you food, but you're worried it might not be fresh.
- 이거 상하지 않았어요? (Did this not go bad?)
- 혹시 상했을까 봐 걱정돼요. (I'm worried it might have spoiled.)
- 신선한 것 같아요? (Does it seem fresh?)
You're describing a past experience where food spoiled.
- 우유가 상해서 버렸어요. (The milk spoiled, so I threw it away.)
- 여름에는 음식이 쉽게 상해요. (Food spoils easily in summer.)
- 어제 산 빵이 벌써 상했어요. (The bread I bought yesterday already spoiled.)
You're giving advice on how to prevent food from spoiling.
- 음식이 상하지 않게 냉장고에 넣어두세요. (Put the food in the fridge so it doesn't spoil.)
- 뚜껑을 잘 닫아야 상하지 않아요. (You have to close the lid well so it doesn't spoil.)
- 너무 오래 두면 상할 수 있어요. (If you leave it out too long, it can spoil.)
Gesprächseinstiege
"음식이 상하면 어떻게 아세요? (How do you know if food has spoiled?)"
"가장 최근에 어떤 음식이 상했어요? (What food spoiled most recently?)"
"상한 음식을 먹어본 적 있어요? (Have you ever eaten spoiled food?)"
"음식이 상하는 것을 막으려면 어떻게 해야 할까요? (What should we do to prevent food from spoiling?)"
"음식이 상했을 때 버리기 아까운 적이 있었나요? (Have you ever felt it was a waste to throw away food when it spoiled?)"
Tagebuch-Impulse
오늘 냉장고를 정리하면서 상한 음식이 있었는지 확인하고 기록해 보세요. (Check your fridge today for any spoiled food and write about it.)
음식물이 상하는 것을 줄이기 위해 어떤 노력을 할 수 있을지 생각해 보고 적어보세요. (Think about what efforts you can make to reduce food spoilage and write them down.)
가장 아깝게 버렸던 상한 음식은 무엇이었나요? 왜 아까웠는지 자세히 써보세요. (What was the most regrettable spoiled food you threw away? Write in detail why it was regrettable.)
음식이 상했을 때 가장 먼저 어떤 증상을 보이나요? 경험을 바탕으로 설명해 보세요. (What are the first signs food shows when it spoils? Explain based on your experience.)
음식물이 상하지 않도록 보관하는 자신만의 노하우가 있다면 무엇인지 공유해 보세요. (If you have your own know-how for storing food to prevent it from spoiling, share what it is.)
Teste dich selbst 114 Fragen
냉장고에 너무 오래 두면 음식이 쉽게 ___.
The sentence talks about food going bad if left in the refrigerator for too long. '상하다' means 'to go bad or spoil'.
이 우유는 어제 샀는데 벌써 ___ 것 같아요.
The sentence indicates that the milk bought yesterday seems to have spoiled. '상하다' is the correct verb for food spoiling.
날씨가 더워서 음식이 빨리 ___ 수 있어요.
Hot weather can make food spoil quickly. '상하다' fits the context of food going bad.
냄새가 이상해요. 이 고기가 ___ 것 같아요.
An unusual smell often indicates that meat has spoiled. '상하다' means 'to go bad'.
과일을 씻지 않고 오래 두면 쉽게 ___.
If fruit is left unwashed for too long, it can easily spoil. '상하다' is the appropriate word.
남은 음식을 냉장고에 보관하지 않으면 ___.
Leftover food will spoil if not stored in the refrigerator. '상하다' is the correct word for food spoiling.
Which of these foods is most likely to '상하다' quickly?
Fresh fruits spoil more quickly than processed or preserved foods.
If food '상하다', what does it mean?
상하다 specifically means food has spoiled and is no longer edible.
Which sentence correctly uses '상하다'?
상하다 is used for food spoiling, not abstract concepts or objects.
You can still eat food that has '상하다' if you cook it well.
Once food has spoiled, cooking it does not make it safe to eat again.
Keeping food in the refrigerator helps prevent it from '상하다'.
Refrigeration slows down the spoiling process of food.
The word '상하다' can be used to describe a person who is sad.
'상하다' specifically refers to food spoiling, not human emotions.
Is this food spoiled?
If you don't put it in the refrigerator, the food will spoil.
The fruit I bought yesterday seems to be spoiled.
Read this aloud:
이 우유가 상했어요.
Focus: 상했어요 (sang-hae-sseo-yo)
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Read this aloud:
음식이 상하기 전에 드세요.
Focus: 상하기 전에 (sang-ha-gi jeon-e)
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Read this aloud:
상한 음식은 버리세요.
Focus: 버리세요 (beo-ri-se-yo)
Du hast gesagt:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Write a short sentence about food going bad in Korean. (Use the word 상하다)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
우유가 상했어요. (The milk went bad.)
Imagine you opened a package of food and it smelled strange. Write a short sentence in Korean explaining that the food is spoiled. (Use the word 상하다)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
이 음식이 상했어요. 냄새가 이상해요. (This food is spoiled. It smells strange.)
You bought some fruit yesterday, but today it looks rotten. Write a short Korean sentence to say the fruit is spoiled. (Use the word 상하다)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
과일이 상했어요. 버려야 해요. (The fruit is spoiled. I have to throw it away.)
What happened to the bread?
Read this passage:
오늘 아침에 빵을 먹으려고 했어요. 그런데 빵에 곰팡이가 있었어요. 빵이 상했어요.
What happened to the bread?
The passage says '빵이 상했어요' which means 'The bread went bad.'
The passage says '빵이 상했어요' which means 'The bread went bad.'
Why did the milk go bad?
Read this passage:
냉장고에 우유가 있었어요. 유통기한이 지났어요. 그래서 우유가 상했어요.
Why did the milk go bad?
The passage states '유통기한이 지났어요' meaning 'The expiration date passed.'
The passage states '유통기한이 지났어요' meaning 'The expiration date passed.'
What is wrong with the meat?
Read this passage:
어제 산 고기가 냉장고 밖에 있었어요. 지금은 냄새가 나요. 고기가 상했어요.
What is wrong with the meat?
The passage mentions '냄새가 나요' (it smells) and '고기가 상했어요' (the meat went bad).
The passage mentions '냄새가 나요' (it smells) and '고기가 상했어요' (the meat went bad).
Which of these foods is most likely to '상하다' quickly?
Fish spoils quickly if not refrigerated.
What does '이 우유가 상했어요' mean?
상하다 means to go bad or spoil.
If food is '상한', what should you do?
Spoiled food should not be eaten.
You can use '상하다' to describe a person who is feeling unwell.
'상하다' is specifically used for food spoiling, not for people feeling unwell.
Leaving food outside on a hot day can make it '상하다' faster.
Heat accelerates the spoilage process for food.
If bread gets moldy, you can say the bread has '상하다'.
Moldy bread is an example of food that has spoiled.
This sentence means 'The fruit spoiled in the refrigerator.' The correct order is subject, location, then verb.
This sentence means 'This milk seems to be spoiled.' '상한 것 같아요' is a common expression to say something 'seems spoiled'.
This sentence means 'The food spoils quickly because it's hot.' The cause ('더워서') comes before the effect.
냉장고에 너무 오래 두면 음식이 ____.
음식이 '상하다'는 것은 음식이 오래되어 먹을 수 없게 되는 것을 의미합니다.
어제 사 온 과일이 벌써 ____ 같아요.
과일이 '상한' 것은 상태가 안 좋아져서 먹기 힘든 것을 의미합니다.
여름에는 음식이 더 빨리 ____.
여름철에는 기온이 높아 음식이 더 빨리 '상하다'는 것은 일반적인 사실입니다.
음식이 상하면 먹어도 괜찮습니다.
상한 음식을 먹으면 배탈이 나거나 건강에 해로울 수 있습니다.
냉장고에 보관하면 음식이 상하는 것을 막을 수 있습니다.
냉장고는 저온을 유지하여 음식의 부패를 늦춰줍니다.
유통기한이 지난 음식은 상했을 가능성이 높습니다.
유통기한은 식품을 안전하게 섭취할 수 있는 기한을 의미하며, 이 기한이 지나면 상했을 확률이 높아집니다.
You bought some fruit a week ago. Describe how it went bad and what you did with it. Use '상하다' at least once.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
일주일 전에 산 과일이 냉장고에서 상했어요. 냄새도 이상하고 색깔도 변했어요. 그래서 결국 다 버렸어요. 다음부터는 과일을 빨리 먹어야겠어요.
Imagine you are explaining to a friend why you can't eat the food they offered. Use '상하다' to describe the problem.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
미안해, 이 음식은 못 먹을 것 같아. 냄새가 좀 이상한데, 아무래도 상한 것 같아. 냉장고에 너무 오래 있었나 봐.
Write a short sentence about how to prevent food from spoiling quickly in summer. Use '상하다'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
여름에는 음식이 빨리 상하니까 냉장고에 잘 보관해야 해요.
무엇 때문에 채소가 상했습니까?
Read this passage:
마트에서 신선한 채소를 사왔는데, 깜빡하고 냉장고에 안 넣었어요. 다음 날 아침에 보니 채소가 시들고 색깔이 변해서 먹을 수 없게 상해버렸어요. 너무 아까웠어요.
무엇 때문에 채소가 상했습니까?
채소를 냉장고에 넣지 않아서 상했다는 내용입니다.
채소를 냉장고에 넣지 않아서 상했다는 내용입니다.
화자가 우유를 왜 버려야 했습니까?
Read this passage:
여행에서 돌아오니 냉장고에 있던 우유가 상해 있었습니다. 냄새를 맡아보니 시큼한 냄새가 났어요. 유통기한을 확인해보니 이미 몇 일이나 지났더라고요. 아쉽지만 버려야 했습니다.
화자가 우유를 왜 버려야 했습니까?
냉장고에 있던 우유가 상해 있었고, 시큼한 냄새가 나서 버려야 했다고 합니다.
냉장고에 있던 우유가 상해 있었고, 시큼한 냄새가 나서 버려야 했다고 합니다.
김치가 상했을 때 나타나는 증상으로 언급되지 않은 것은 무엇입니까?
Read this passage:
김치는 원래 발효 음식이라 잘 상하지 않지만, 너무 오래되거나 보관을 잘못하면 상할 수도 있습니다. 김치가 상하면 신맛이 강해지고 거품이 생기기도 합니다.
김치가 상했을 때 나타나는 증상으로 언급되지 않은 것은 무엇입니까?
지문에 신맛이 강해지고 거품이 생긴다고는 언급되었지만, '냄새가 이상하다'는 직접적으로 언급되지 않았습니다.
지문에 신맛이 강해지고 거품이 생긴다고는 언급되었지만, '냄새가 이상하다'는 직접적으로 언급되지 않았습니다.
냉장고에 너무 오래 두면 음식이 쉽게 ___.
The sentence talks about food going bad if left in the refrigerator for too long. '상하다' means to go bad or spoil.
이 우유는 어제 샀는데 벌써 ___ 것 같아요. 냄새가 이상해요.
The speaker smells something strange, implying the milk has spoiled. '상하다' is the correct verb for food spoiling.
여름에는 날씨가 더워서 음식이 빨리 ___ 수 있으니 조심해야 해요.
In summer, food can spoil quickly due to the heat. '상하다' fits the context of food going bad.
샐러드에 들어간 채소가 ___ 전에 빨리 먹는 게 좋아요.
It's best to eat vegetables before they spoil. '상하다' means to spoil or go bad.
이 과일은 껍질에 검은 반점이 있는 걸 보니 이미 ___ 것 같아요.
Black spots on fruit indicate it has gone bad. '상하다' is the appropriate word here.
오래된 김치는 너무 ___ 버려서 먹기 힘들어요.
When kimchi is too old, it can spoil and become difficult to eat. '상하다' describes this state.
The milk in the fridge went bad, so I threw it away.
Eat the food quickly before it spoils.
In summer, food can spoil easily, so you need to be careful.
Read this aloud:
만약 상한 음식을 먹으면 어떻게 될까요?
Focus: 상한 음식을
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Read this aloud:
음식이 상하는 것을 막기 위해 어떤 방법을 사용하나요?
Focus: 막기 위해
Du hast gesagt:
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Read this aloud:
어떤 징후를 보면 음식이 상했는지 알 수 있나요?
Focus: 징후를 보면
Du hast gesagt:
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The sentence translates to 'This milk has already gone bad.' The order follows subject-object-verb structure common in Korean.
This means 'Because the weather is hot, the food spoils easily.' '날씨가 더워서' (because the weather is hot) is the cause, followed by the effect '음식이 쉽게 상해요' (food spoils easily).
The sentence 'If you don't put it in the refrigerator, the vegetables will go bad quickly.' follows a conditional clause ('~지 않으면') before the main clause describing the consequence.
냉장고에 너무 오래 두어서 우유가 ___.
우유가 냉장고에 오래 있으면 신선함을 잃고 상하게 됩니다. (If milk is left in the refrigerator for too long, it loses its freshness and spoils.)
어제 산 과일이 벌써 ___ 것 같아요.
과일이 시간이 지나면 익어서 더 맛있어지기도 하지만, 너무 오래 두면 신선함을 잃고 상할 수 있습니다. (While fruits can ripen and become more delicious over time, if left for too long, they can lose their freshness and spoil.)
온도가 높아서 음식이 금방 ___ 위험이 있어요.
높은 온도는 음식의 부패를 가속화시켜 음식이 금방 상하게 만듭니다. (High temperatures accelerate food spoilage, causing food to go bad quickly.)
냉장 보관하지 않으면 육류는 쉽게 ___.
육류는 냉장 보관하지 않으면 박테리아 번식이 쉬워져서 금방 상하게 됩니다. (Meat spoils quickly if not refrigerated, as bacteria can easily multiply.)
오래된 김치는 쉬었거나 ___ 냄새가 나기 시작한다.
김치가 쉬거나 상하면 특유의 시큼하고 좋지 않은 냄새가 납니다. (When kimchi goes bad or spoils, it emits a unique sour and unpleasant odor.)
냉동실 문을 제대로 닫지 않아 음식이 ___ 버렸다.
냉동실 문이 제대로 닫히지 않으면 냉기가 빠져나가 음식물이 변질되거나 상할 수 있습니다. (If the freezer door is not closed properly, cold air escapes, and food can deteriorate or spoil.)
What happens if food stays in the fridge too long?
What should you do to check if the fruit bought yesterday has spoiled?
Why shouldn't you drink expired milk?
Read this aloud:
이 음식은 왜 이렇게 빨리 상했지?
Focus: 상했지
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Read this aloud:
과일이 상하기 전에 빨리 먹어야 해요.
Focus: 상하기 전에
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Read this aloud:
냉장 보관하지 않으면 음식이 쉽게 상해요.
Focus: 쉽게 상해요
Du hast gesagt:
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This sentence means 'The food might spoil, so eat it quickly.' The order reflects the natural flow of a Korean sentence.
This translates to 'If you don't put it in the refrigerator, the fruit will spoil quickly.' The sentence structure follows condition ('if not') followed by the result.
This means 'If you leave it a little longer, the kimchi will spoil and you won't be able to eat it.' The '해서' connects the spoiling to the inability to eat.
냉장고에 너무 오래 두면 음식이 쉽게 ___.
The context implies that food left too long in the refrigerator will spoil, which is '상하다'.
상한 우유를 마시면 배탈이 날 수 있으니 조심해야 해요. 이 우유는 이미 ___ 것 같아요.
The first part of the sentence warns about drinking spoiled milk, so the second part naturally concludes that the milk is already spoiled.
어제 산 과일이 벌써 ___ 냄새가 나기 시작했어요.
If the fruit bought yesterday is already starting to smell bad, it means it is spoiling, hence '상하는 냄새'.
더운 날씨에 음식을 밖에 두면 금방 ___ 수 있어요.
Leaving food out in hot weather causes it to spoil quickly. '상할 수 있어요' fits this context.
유통기한이 지난 음식은 먹지 마세요. ___ 가능성이 높아요.
Expired food is likely to be spoiled, so '상했을 가능성이 높아요' is the correct phrase.
냉동실 문을 제대로 닫지 않으면 음식물이 ___ 수도 있어요.
If the freezer door isn't closed properly, food can spoil. '상할 수도 있어요' is appropriate here.
냉장고에 너무 오래 두어서 우유가 ___.
The sentence implies that the milk has been in the refrigerator for too long, indicating spoilage. '상하다' (to go bad/spoil) is the most appropriate verb.
어제 산 과일이 벌써 ____. 빨리 먹어야겠다.
The phrase '벌써' (already) and '빨리 먹어야겠다' (I should eat it quickly) suggests that the fruit is going bad or has spoiled. '상했다' (spoiled) fits this context.
날씨가 더워서 음식이 ____ 쉽다.
Hot weather makes food spoil easily. '상하기 쉽다' (easy to spoil) is the correct expression here.
음식이 상하면 보통 냄새가 좋지 않다.
When food spoils, it typically develops an unpleasant smell, indicating its deterioration.
냉장고에 보관하면 음식이 더 빨리 상한다.
Storing food in a refrigerator generally helps to preserve it and slow down the spoilage process, not speed it up.
유통기한이 지난 음식은 먹어도 괜찮다.
Consuming food past its expiration date can be unsafe as it increases the risk of spoilage and potential health issues.
The milk in the fridge went bad, so I threw it away.
Eat the food quickly before it spoils.
In hot weather, food can easily spoil, so you need to be careful.
Read this aloud:
이 생선은 어제 샀는데 벌써 상한 것 같아요.
Focus: 상한 것 같아요
Du hast gesagt:
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Read this aloud:
김치가 너무 오래 돼서 상했는지 확인해 봐야겠어요.
Focus: 상했는지 확인해 봐야겠어요
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Read this aloud:
만약 음식이 상했다면 절대 먹지 마세요.
Focus: 절대 먹지 마세요
Du hast gesagt:
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You are hosting a dinner party, and one of your dishes has gone bad. Write a short, polite apology to your guests, explaining the situation using '상하다'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
손님 여러분, 정말 죄송합니다. 오늘 준비한 음식 중 하나가 상해서 드실 수 없게 되었습니다. 다음번에는 더 신경 쓰겠습니다.
Imagine you're giving advice to a friend who is learning to cook. Explain the importance of checking ingredients to prevent food from '상하다'.
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Sample answer
요리하기 전에 재료들이 상했는지 꼭 확인해야 해. 상한 음식은 먹으면 안 되니까 조심해. 신선한 재료를 쓰는 것이 중요해.
Describe a time when you accidentally ate something that had '상하다' and the consequences. Be detailed about your experience.
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Sample answer
지난주에 냉장고에 있던 샐러드를 아무 생각 없이 먹었는데, 알고 보니 상한 것이었어요. 먹고 나서 바로 배가 아프기 시작했고, 결국 밤새 배탈로 고생했습니다. 다음부터는 음식 유통기한을 더 꼼꼼히 확인해야겠다고 생각했어요.
위에 제시된 글에서 '상하기 시작했다'는 어떤 의미로 사용되었습니까?
Read this passage:
어제 사 온 과일이 냉장고에 넣어두었는데도 불구하고 벌써 상하기 시작했다. 아무래도 날씨가 너무 더워서 신선도를 유지하기가 어려운 것 같다. 상한 과일은 빨리 버려야 한다. 건강을 위해서라도 조심해야 한다.
위에 제시된 글에서 '상하기 시작했다'는 어떤 의미로 사용되었습니까?
'상하다'는 음식이 썩거나 못 쓰게 되는 것을 의미합니다. 여기서는 과일이 못 쓰게 되었다는 의미입니다.
'상하다'는 음식이 썩거나 못 쓰게 되는 것을 의미합니다. 여기서는 과일이 못 쓰게 되었다는 의미입니다.
여름철에 음식이 쉽게 상하는 이유와 그에 대한 조치로 적절하지 않은 것은 무엇입니까?
Read this passage:
여름철에는 음식이 쉽게 상하기 때문에 보관에 각별히 신경 써야 한다. 특히 고기나 생선 같은 식재료는 냉장고에 넣더라도 며칠 안에 소비하는 것이 좋다. 만약 냄새나 색깔이 이상하다면 상했을 가능성이 높으므로 절대로 먹지 않아야 한다.
여름철에 음식이 쉽게 상하는 이유와 그에 대한 조치로 적절하지 않은 것은 무엇입니까?
글에서는 '냉장고에 넣더라도 며칠 안에 소비하는 것이 좋다'고 언급하며, 냉장고 보관만으로는 절대 상하지 않는다고 보장하지 않습니다.
글에서는 '냉장고에 넣더라도 며칠 안에 소비하는 것이 좋다'고 언급하며, 냉장고 보관만으로는 절대 상하지 않는다고 보장하지 않습니다.
음식이 상하는 것을 방지하기 위한 방법으로 옳지 않은 것은 무엇입니까?
Read this passage:
냉장고 문을 자주 열면 내부 온도가 올라가서 음식이 상할 위험이 커진다. 식료품을 보관할 때는 적절한 온도를 유지하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 또한, 음식을 너무 많이 채워 넣으면 공기 순환이 잘 안 되어 상하기 쉬우니 주의해야 한다.
음식이 상하는 것을 방지하기 위한 방법으로 옳지 않은 것은 무엇입니까?
글에서는 음식을 너무 많이 채워 넣으면 공기 순환이 잘 안 되어 상하기 쉬우니 주의해야 한다고 언급하고 있습니다.
글에서는 음식을 너무 많이 채워 넣으면 공기 순환이 잘 안 되어 상하기 쉬우니 주의해야 한다고 언급하고 있습니다.
This sentence means 'This food has already gone bad, so you shouldn't eat it.' The order follows a typical Korean sentence structure of subject-adverb-verb-connector-verb.
This sentence means 'If you don't put it in the refrigerator, the food can spoil quickly.' It follows the conditional clause structure '않으면' (if not) followed by the main clause.
This sentence means 'Even if the fruit looks fine on the outside, the inside might be spoiled, so you need to check.' It uses the '아/어 보여도' (even if it looks like) and '을 수 있다' (can be) structures.
/ 114 correct
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Learn the Base Form
Remember that '상하다' is the base form of the verb. You'll need to conjugate it based on the tense and formality.
Context is Key
This verb is specifically used for food spoiling. Don't use it for other things going bad, like a plan or a relationship.
Common Usage: Past Tense
It's very common to hear '상했어요' (sang-haess-eoyo) in the past tense, meaning 'it went bad' or 'it's spoiled.'
Example Sentence 1
음식이 상했어요. (Eum-sik-i sang-haess-eoyo.) - The food went bad.
Beispiel
우유가 냉장고 밖에 있어서 상했어요.
Verwandte Inhalte
Dieses Wort in anderen Sprachen
Mehr food Wörter
몇 개
A2How many items?
~정도
A1Suffix meaning "about" or "approximately."
추가
A2Addition, extra (e.g., extra order).
~은/는 후에
A2After ~ing; indicates an action that occurs subsequent to another.
중에서
A2Among, out of (selection).
식욕
A2Appetite.
에피타이저
A2An appetizer.
전채
A2Appetizer.
먹음직스럽다
B2To look appetizing, delicious.
사과
A1apple
