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A2 noun #1,500 am häufigsten 8 Min. Lesezeit

quilo

Top 1,500

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Erklärung quilo in your Level:

At the A1 level, the word 'quilo' is introduced as a basic vocabulary item for shopping and personal information. Beginners learn that 'quilo' means kilogram and is used to buy food like fruits, vegetables, and meat. They learn simple phrases like 'um quilo de maçãs' (a kilo of apples) or 'dois quilos de carne' (two kilos of meat). The focus is on recognizing the word in supermarkets and markets, understanding prices per kilo, and knowing how to state one's own body weight in simple terms, such as 'Eu peso sessenta quilos' (I weigh sixty kilos). The grammatical focus is on the masculine article 'um/dois' and the preposition 'de'.

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At the A2 level, learners expand their use of 'quilo' to include fractions and more complex shopping interactions. They learn to ask for 'meio quilo' (half a kilo) and understand that it must remain masculine. They also learn to interact in a 'restaurante a quilo', a very common dining experience in Brazil, understanding how the system works (weighing the plate). Vocabulary expands to include related terms like 'gramas' and 'balança' (scale). Students can handle basic travel situations, such as understanding luggage weight limits at the airport ('Sua mala tem vinte quilos'). They can follow simple recipes that use 'quilo' as a measurement.

At the B1 level, students can discuss health, diet, and fitness using 'quilo' more fluidly. They can talk about gaining weight ('ganhar quilos' or 'engordar') and losing weight ('perder quilos' or 'emagrecer'). They can express opinions on food prices, noting if the 'quilo' of a certain product is expensive or cheap due to inflation or seasonality. They understand the difference between 'quilograma' (formal) and 'quilo' (informal/everyday). They can handle more complex fractions in speech, like 'um quilo e meio' (one and a half kilos), and use the word comfortably in past and future tenses when recounting stories or making plans.

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At the B2 level, the usage of 'quilo' becomes natural and automatic. Learners can understand and use idiomatic expressions or exaggerations involving weight, such as 'carregar quilos de maquiagem' (wearing tons/kilos of makeup). They can discuss economic trends, such as the rising cost per kilo of essential goods in the context of national news. They are fully comfortable with the cultural nuances of 'comida a quilo' restaurants and can explain the concept to a non-native speaker. They make no errors regarding gender agreement ('um quilo', never 'uma quilo') and correctly use 'o grama' for smaller weights without confusing it with 'a grama' (grass).

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At the C1 level, learners possess a near-native command of the word 'quilo' across all contexts. They can read complex texts, such as scientific articles, economic reports, or advanced culinary literature, where 'quilo' or 'quilograma' is used precisely. They understand regional variations in pronunciation and market culture across different Portuguese-speaking countries (e.g., the atmosphere of a Portuguese 'mercado' vs a Brazilian 'feira'). They can use 'quilo' metaphorically to describe heavy burdens or massive quantities of abstract things, demonstrating a deep understanding of the language's flexibility and cultural resonance.

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At the C2 level, the speaker uses 'quilo' with absolute precision, understanding its etymology (from Greek 'khilioi' meaning thousand) and its role in the broader metric system. They can engage in highly technical discussions involving mass, weight, and physics, effortlessly switching between 'quilo', 'quilograma', and other metric prefixes. They are aware of historical shifts in measurement systems and can discuss how the adoption of the metric system influenced commerce in Lusophone countries. Their use of the word in both literal and figurative senses is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker.

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quilo in 30 Sekunden

Means 'kilogram' (1000 grams).
Always a masculine noun ('um quilo').
Requires the preposition 'de' ('quilo de').
Used heavily in food shopping and weight.

The Portuguese word quilo is a masculine noun that translates directly to 'kilogram' in English. It is the fundamental unit of mass in the International System of Units (SI) and is used universally across all Portuguese-speaking countries for measuring weight. While the official scientific term is quilograma, in everyday spoken and written Portuguese, it is almost exclusively shortened to quilo. Understanding this word is absolutely essential for anyone learning Portuguese, as it forms the basis of daily commerce, culinary arts, personal health discussions, and general logistics. When you go to a supermarket, a butcher shop, or a street market (feira) in Brazil or Portugal, you will constantly hear and use this word. Furthermore, Brazil has a unique cultural dining concept known as restaurante a quilo or comida a quilo, which is a buffet-style restaurant where you pay for your meal based on the weight of the food on your plate. This makes the word not just a unit of measurement, but a key cultural identifier.

Scientific Context: In scientific and formal contexts, the full word quilograma is used, but quilo remains acceptable in all but the most rigorous academic papers. The symbol is always 'kg'.

Eu gostaria de comprar um quilo de carne moída, por favor.

Culinary Context: Recipes often call for ingredients in fractions of a quilo, such as 'meio quilo' (half a kilo), which is 500 grams. This is much more common than saying 'quinhentos gramas'.

A receita pede meio quilo de farinha de trigo.

Health and Fitness: When discussing body weight, people talk about gaining or losing 'quilos'. For example, 'perder cinco quilos' means to lose five kilograms.

Ele emagreceu e perdeu dez quilos este ano.

O limite de bagagem é de vinte e três quilos.

Vamos almoçar naquele restaurante a quilo hoje?

Using the word quilo correctly involves understanding its grammatical properties and the prepositions that typically accompany it. As a masculine noun, it must be preceded by masculine articles (o, um, os, uns) and adjectives must agree with it in gender and number. The plural form is simply quilos. When you want to specify what is being weighed, you almost always use the preposition de (of). For example, 'um quilo de maçãs' (a kilo of apples). It is incorrect to say 'um quilo maçãs' without the preposition. In spoken Portuguese, the 'de' is often pronounced very quickly, sounding like 'dji' in Brazil or a muted 'd' in Portugal, but it must be present in writing. Additionally, when dealing with fractions, the word 'meio' (half) is used. Since 'quilo' is masculine, you must say 'meio quilo' (half a kilo), not 'meia quilo'. This is a very strict rule. If you want to say one and a half kilos, you say 'um quilo e meio'. For a quarter of a kilo, you say 'um quarto de quilo', though in practice, people usually just say 'duzentos e cinquenta gramas' (250 grams).

Basic Measurement: Use 'quilo' followed by 'de' and the substance being measured. This applies to solids, powders, and sometimes even things that might be measured in liters elsewhere if sold by weight.

Preciso de dois quilos de tomate para o molho.

Fractions and Decimals: When expressing half a kilo, always use the masculine 'meio' because it modifies the masculine noun 'quilo'.

Comprei meio quilo de queijo mussarela.

Pricing: Prices are often displayed as 'R$ 10,00 / kg'. In speech, this is read as 'dez reais o quilo'.

A picanha está custando oitenta reais o quilo.

Meu cachorro pesa quinze quilos.

Adicione um quilo e meio de açúcar à mistura.

The word quilo is ubiquitous in Portuguese-speaking societies. You will hear it most frequently in commercial environments related to food. Supermarkets, open-air markets (feiras livres), butcher shops (açougues), and bakeries (padarias) are the primary domains of this word. When you approach a vendor at a Brazilian feira, they will often shout out their prices per kilo to attract customers. Another extremely common place to hear 'quilo' is in the context of health, fitness, and medicine. At the doctor's office, your weight is recorded in quilos. At the gym (academia), people discuss how many quilos they are lifting or how many quilos they want to lose. Airports are another critical location; airline staff will inform you if your luggage exceeds the allowed 'quilos'. Furthermore, the term 'restaurante a quilo' is a staple of everyday Brazilian working life. Millions of Brazilians eat lunch at these self-service restaurants every day, where the cashier weighs the plate and charges based on the price per quilo. It is a word that bridges the gap between domestic life, commerce, and personal health.

Open-Air Markets: Vendors shout prices per kilo. It is the standard unit for fruits, vegetables, and meats.

Olha a banana! Três reais o quilo!

Gyms and Fitness: Used to describe the weight of dumbbells, barbells, and body weight goals.

Hoje eu levantei cinquenta quilos no supino.

Airports: Crucial for baggage allowance. Exceeding the limit results in fees.

Sua mala passou dois quilos do limite permitido.

O bebê nasceu muito saudável, pesando quase quatro quilos.

Tem um restaurante a quilo excelente na esquina.

When learning to use the word quilo, non-native speakers often fall into a few predictable traps. The most prevalent mistake is related to gender agreement. Because the word ends in 'o', it is masculine, but learners sometimes confuse the gender of the item being weighed with the gender of the measurement unit. For example, when buying meat (a carne - feminine), a learner might say 'uma quilo de carne'. This is grammatically incorrect; it must always be 'um quilo de carne'. The number and article must agree with 'quilo', not the noun that follows. Another frequent error is spelling. Because the international symbol is 'kg', many people assume the word is spelled 'kilo'. While you might see 'kilo' written informally on hand-painted signs at street markets, the correct standard Portuguese spelling is 'quilo'. Additionally, learners often forget the preposition 'de' when linking the weight to the object, saying 'dois quilos batatas' instead of the correct 'dois quilos de batatas'. Finally, when expressing 500 grams, learners sometimes say 'meia quilo', which is wrong. It must be 'meio quilo'.

Gender Confusion: Always use masculine modifiers with 'quilo', regardless of the gender of the item being weighed.

Incorreto: Uma quilo de maçã. Correto: Um quilo de maçã.

Missing Preposition: The preposition 'de' is mandatory between the weight and the noun.

Incorreto: Três quilos frango. Correto: Três quilos de frango.

Fractions Error: Half a kilo is 'meio quilo'. Never use 'meia' here.

Vou levar meio quilo de presunto.

Ele comprou dois quilos de feijão preto.

A receita leva um quilo exato de farinha.

In the realm of weights and measurements in Portuguese, quilo is part of a broader family of terms. The most closely related word is grama (gram). It is crucial to note that when referring to the unit of weight, 'grama' is a masculine noun (o grama). Therefore, 200 grams is 'duzentos gramas', not 'duzentas gramas'. (A grama, feminine, means grass). A quilo is composed of mil gramas. For much larger weights, the word tonelada (ton) is used, which equals mil quilos. In some older or highly specific contexts, you might encounter the word libra (pound), though the metric system is the absolute standard in Portuguese-speaking countries, so 'libra' is rarely used for daily weights unless translating from English or dealing with specific imported goods. Another related concept is peso, which translates to 'weight'. While 'quilo' is the unit, 'peso' is the concept itself. You ask 'Qual é o seu peso?' (What is your weight?) and answer 'Sessenta quilos' (Sixty kilos). Understanding these distinctions helps build a comprehensive vocabulary for describing physical mass.

Grama vs Quilo: A gram is a smaller unit. 1000 grams make a kilo. Remember 'o grama' is masculine for weight.

Trezentos gramas de queijo, por favor. Isso é menos de um quilo.

Tonelada: Used for industrial or very heavy weights. One tonelada is 1000 quilos.

O caminhão transporta dez toneladas, ou seja, dez mil quilos.

Peso: The general term for weight. You measure 'peso' in 'quilos'.

O peso ideal para a sua altura é setenta quilos.

Comprei uma balança nova para medir meus quilos em casa.

No Brasil não usamos libras, usamos quilos.

How Formal Is It?

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Wichtige Grammatik

Gender agreement (masculine nouns)

Preposition 'de' for composition/measurement

Pluralization of nouns ending in vowels

Using 'meio' as an adjective

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Beispiele nach Niveau

Eu quero um quilo de arroz.

I want one kilo of rice.

Use 'um' (masculine) and 'de' before the noun.

A maçã custa cinco reais o quilo.

The apple costs five reais per kilo.

'o quilo' is used to express 'per kilo'.

Eu peso setenta quilos.

I weigh seventy kilos.

Plural form 'quilos' for numbers greater than one.

Dois quilos de carne, por favor.

Two kilos of meat, please.

Number agreement: 'dois' (masculine).

O bebê tem três quilos.

The baby is three kilos.

Using the verb 'ter' (to have) for weight is common.

Comprei um quilo de feijão.

I bought a kilo of beans.

Past tense 'comprei' with the measurement.

Quanto é um quilo de tomate?

How much is a kilo of tomatoes?

Question structure for asking price.

A mala tem dez quilos.

The suitcase is ten kilos.

Basic sentence structure Subject + Verb + Weight.

Vou levar meio quilo de queijo.

I will take half a kilo of cheese.

'Meio' must be masculine to agree with 'quilo'.

Vamos almoçar no restaurante a quilo.

Let's have lunch at the pay-by-weight restaurant.

'a quilo' acts as an adjective phrase describing the restaurant type.

Preciso perder cinco quilos até o verão.

I need to lose five kilos by summer.

Using 'perder' (to lose) with weight.

A receita pede um quilo e meio de farinha.

The recipe calls for one and a half kilos of flour.

'um quilo e meio' is the standard way to say 1.5 kg.

O limite da bagagem é vinte e três quilos.

The baggage limit is twenty-three kilos.

Vocabulary related to travel and limits.

Comprei uns quilos a mais de carne para o churrasco.

I bought a few extra kilos of meat for the barbecue.

'uns quilos a mais' means 'a few extra kilos'.

Ele engordou dois quilos nas férias.

He gained two kilos on vacation.

'Engordar' means to gain weight.

Pesei as frutas e deu um quilo certinho.

I weighed the fruits and it was exactly one kilo.

'Deu' (from dar) is informally used to mean 'it totaled'.

O preço do quilo da carne subiu muito este mês.

The price per kilo of meat went up a lot this month.

'do quilo da' combines prepositions with articles.

Ela conseguiu emagrecer dez quilos com dieta e exercícios.

She managed to lose ten kilos with diet and exercise.

'Emagrecer' is a specific verb for losing weight.

Para essa festa, vamos precisar de pelo menos cinco quilos de bolo.

For this party, we will need at least five kilos of cake.

'pelo menos' means 'at least'.

O restaurante a quilo perto do trabalho é muito barato.

The pay-by-weight restaurant near work is very cheap.

Using 'a quilo' as a compound descriptor.

Você sabe quantos quilos essa ponte suporta?

Do you know how many kilos this bridge can hold?

Using 'quantos quilos' in an indirect question.

Ele carrega uma mochila de quase dez quilos todos os dias.

He carries a backpack of almost ten kilos every day.

'de quase dez quilos' describes the backpack.

Comprei o pacote de cinco quilos de arroz porque rende mais.

I bought the five-kilo bag of rice because it lasts longer.

'pacote de cinco quilos' is a noun phrase.

A taxa de excesso de bagagem é cobrada por quilo extra.

The excess baggage fee is charged per extra kilo.

'por quilo' means 'per kilo'.

A inflação fez com que o quilo do tomate ficasse proibitivo.

Inflation made the kilo of tomatoes prohibitively expensive.

Advanced vocabulary 'proibitivo' and complex sentence structure.

Mesmo comendo muito, ele não ganha um quilo sequer.

Even eating a lot, he doesn't gain a single kilo.

'um quilo sequer' emphasizes 'not even one kilo'.

A exportação de soja é medida em milhões de quilos.

Soybean export is measured in millions of kilos.

Passive voice 'é medida'.

O sistema de cobrança por quilo evita o desperdício de alimentos.

The pay-by-kilo billing system prevents food waste.

Formal phrasing 'sistema de cobrança'.

Ela carrega quilos de culpa por causa daquele erro.

She carries kilos (tons) of guilt because of that mistake.

Metaphorical use of 'quilos' to mean a heavy emotional burden.

O lutador precisou desidratar para bater o peso de oitenta quilos.

The fighter had to dehydrate to make the eighty-kilo weight limit.

Sports-specific vocabulary 'bater o peso'.

A receita tradicional exige um quilo de bacalhau dessalgado.

The traditional recipe requires a kilo of desalted cod.

Culinary terminology 'dessalgado'.

Eles venderam toneladas de material, o que equivale a milhares de quilos.

They sold tons of material, which equals thousands of kilos.

Comparing units of measurement.

A flutuação no preço do quilo do café afeta diretamente a economia local.

The fluctuation in the price per kilo of coffee directly affects the local economy.

Academic/economic register.

O quilograma, comumente abreviado para quilo, é a unidade base de massa do SI.

The kilogram, commonly abbreviated to kilo, is the SI base unit of mass.

Scientific definition format.

Após a cirurgia bariátrica, a perda de quilos foi vertiginosa.

After the bariatric surgery, the loss of kilos was dizzying (rapid).

Advanced medical vocabulary 'vertiginosa'.

A logística de transporte calcula o frete com base no valor por quilo transportado.

Transport logistics calculates freight based on the value per kilo transported.

Business and logistics terminology.

O autor descreve a opressão como se fossem quilos de chumbo sobre os ombros.

The author describes the oppression as if it were kilos of lead on the shoulders.

Literary and metaphorical usage.

Na feira, a barganha pelo preço do quilo é uma arte milenar.

At the market, haggling over the price per kilo is an ancient art.

Cultural observation with advanced phrasing.

A precisão da balança analítica vai muito além de frações de um quilo.

The precision of the analytical balance goes far beyond fractions of a kilo.

Technical laboratory context.

O imposto incide sobre cada quilo de mercadoria importada.

The tax is levied on every kilo of imported goods.

Legal and tax terminology 'incide sobre'.

A redefinição do quilograma em 2019 desvinculou o quilo de um artefato físico.

The 2019 redefinition of the kilogram unlinked the kilo from a physical artifact.

Highly technical scientific history.

A métrica de produtividade agrícola é frequentemente expressa em quilos por hectare.

The agricultural productivity metric is frequently expressed in kilos per hectare.

Agronomy and statistical phrasing.

O ônus probatório recaiu sobre a defesa, pesando como toneladas, ou milhares de quilos, de jurisprudência.

The burden of proof fell on the defense, weighing like tons, or thousands of kilos, of jurisprudence.

Legal metaphor.

A transição para o sistema métrico erradicou medidas arcaicas, consolidando o quilo como padrão inexorável.

The transition to the metric system eradicated archaic measurements, consolidating the kilo as an inexorable standard.

Historical and formal academic tone.

A voracidade do mercado consumidor dita que o preço do quilo flutue ao sabor da especulação.

The voracity of the consumer market dictates that the price per kilo fluctuates at the whim of speculation.

Advanced economic commentary.

Ele destilou quilos de retórica vazia durante o debate, sem apresentar uma única proposta concreta.

He distilled kilos of empty rhetoric during the debate, without presenting a single concrete proposal.

Sarcastic, high-level metaphorical usage.

A densidade do material é tal que um pequeno cubo concentra dezenas de quilos de massa.

The density of the material is such that a small cube concentrates tens of kilos of mass.

Physics and material science context.

A padronização do quilo foi um marco civilizatório na facilitação do comércio global.

The standardization of the kilo was a civilizational milestone in facilitating global trade.

Macro-historical perspective.

Synonyme

quilograma kg peso massa medida gramagem kilo (informal) mil gramas

Gegenteile

grama miligrama tonelada leveza

Häufige Kollokationen

um quilo de

meio quilo

preço do quilo

restaurante a quilo

perder quilos

ganhar quilos

vender a quilo

pesar um quilo

quilo de carne

quilo de arroz

Häufige Phrasen

a quilo

por quilo

meio quilo

um quilo e meio

quanto custa o quilo?

comida a quilo

vender a quilo

comprar a quilo

pesar em quilos

limite de quilos

Wird oft verwechselt mit

quilo vs kilo (informal spelling)

quilo vs quilograma (formal version)

quilo vs grama (smaller unit)

quilo vs quilo (biology - chyle, very rare)

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"pagar o quilo (slang for paying the price)"

"pesar toneladas (exaggeration)"

"valer seu peso em ouro (related to weight)"

"restaurante a quilo (cultural idiom)"

"tirar um peso das costas (related)"

"ganhar uns quilinhos (affectionate/diminutive)"

"perder uns quilinhos"

"custar os olhos da cara o quilo"

"comprar a peso de ouro"

"vender a quilo (to sell cheaply/in bulk)"

Leicht verwechselbar

quilo vs

Satzmuster

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So verwendest du es

spelling

Despite the symbol being 'kg', the word is spelled with 'qu'.

fractions

Always use masculine fractions: meio quilo, um quarto de quilo.

Häufige Fehler

Saying 'uma quilo' instead of 'um quilo'.
Saying 'meia quilo' instead of 'meio quilo'.
Forgetting the preposition 'de' (e.g., 'um quilo carne').
Spelling it 'kilo' in formal writing.
Confusing 'o grama' (weight) with 'a grama' (grass) when discussing smaller units.

Tipps

Always Masculine

Never forget that 'quilo' is a masculine noun. It takes masculine articles (o, um) and adjectives (meio). It doesn't matter if you are weighing bananas (feminine) or tomatoes (masculine); the word 'quilo' remains masculine.

Don't Forget 'De'

The preposition 'de' is the glue that holds the measurement and the item together. 'Um quilo DE arroz'. Without it, your sentence will sound broken to a native speaker.

Comida a Quilo

If you visit Brazil, eating at a 'restaurante a quilo' is a must. It's the best way to try a little bit of everything. Just remember not to overload your plate, or you'll pay a lot of 'reais' for those 'quilos'!

Qu vs K

Write 'quilo', not 'kilo'. While 'kilo' is universally understood and seen on informal signs, 'quilo' is the correct spelling for any formal writing, tests, or professional communication.

Meio Quilo

Memorize the phrase 'meio quilo' (half a kilo). It is used constantly in bakeries and deli counters. 'Me dê meio quilo de presunto, por favor' (Give me half a kilo of ham, please).

The 'L' Sound

In Brazilian Portuguese, the 'l' at the end of a syllable often sounds like a 'u', but in 'quilo', the 'l' is followed by an 'o', so it is pronounced as a hard 'l' (kee-loo).

Fast Speech

Native speakers say 'quilo de' very fast. In Brazil, it often sounds like 'quilo dji'. Train your ear to catch this quick transition when people are talking about recipes or shopping.

Luggage Limits

When traveling, know your luggage limits in 'quilos'. Airlines will charge you heavily if you exceed the 'vinte e três quilos' (23 kg) standard limit for checked bags.

Fitness Talk

At the gym, weights are always in quilos. If you want to ask someone how much they are lifting, you say 'Quantos quilos você está levantando?'.

Pluralizing Decimals

For weights under 2 kilos, use the singular for the main unit if it's 1. '1,5 kg' is read as 'um quilo e meio'. For '2,5 kg', it's 'dois quilos e meio'.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of a KEY (qui) opening a LOW (lo) heavy box that weighs exactly one kilogram.

Wortherkunft

Derived from the French 'kilogramme', which comes from the Greek prefix 'khílioi' (thousand) and the Late Latin 'gramma' (a small weight).

Kultureller Kontext

Standard metric system applies, heavily influenced by Portuguese commercial terms.

The 'comida a quilo' restaurant is a daily staple for millions of Brazilian workers.

In Portugal, while the measurement is the same, the 'restaurante a quilo' concept is much less common, though it exists in some shopping malls.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Gesprächseinstiege

"Quanto custa o quilo da picanha hoje?"

"Você conhece um bom restaurante a quilo por aqui?"

"Quantos quilos você acha que essa mala tem?"

"Qual é a sua meta de peso na academia?"

"Você prefere comprar frutas por unidade ou por quilo?"

Tagebuch-Impulse

Descreva sua experiência em um restaurante a quilo.

Faça uma lista de compras com as quantidades em quilos.

Como os preços por quilo dos alimentos mudaram recentemente na sua cidade?

Escreva sobre uma vez que sua mala passou dos quilos permitidos no aeroporto.

Qual é a diferença entre comprar na feira (por quilo) e no supermercado?

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

In standard Portuguese, it is spelled 'quilo'. You will often see 'kilo' written informally on signs at markets or in text messages, but 'quilo' is the grammatically correct spelling. The symbol, however, is always 'kg'.

In Portuguese, when a noun of measurement modifies another noun, they must be connected by the preposition 'de' (of). It literally translates to 'a kilo of meat'. Omitting 'de' is grammatically incorrect.

No, never. 'Quilo' is a masculine noun. The article or number preceding it must agree with 'quilo', not the item being weighed. Therefore, it is always 'um quilo de maçã', 'dois quilos de maçã', etc.

You say 'meio quilo'. Because 'quilo' is masculine, the adjective 'meio' (half) must also be masculine. Saying 'meia quilo' is a very common mistake among learners, but it is incorrect.

It is a very popular type of buffet restaurant in Brazil. You serve yourself from a large buffet, and then place your plate on a scale. You pay based on the weight of the food you selected. It is fast, affordable, and offers great variety.

No. All Portuguese-speaking countries use the metric system. Weight is measured in gramas, quilos, and toneladas. 'Libras' is only used when translating from English or referring to specific foreign contexts.

You can ask 'Quanto custa o quilo da maçã?' (How much does the kilo of apples cost?) or simply 'Quanto é o quilo?' (How much is the kilo?) while pointing at the item.

There is no difference in meaning. 'Quilograma' is the formal, scientific name for the unit of measurement. 'Quilo' is the everyday abbreviation used by everyone in normal conversation and commerce.

You say 'um quilo e meio'. This translates literally to 'one kilo and a half'. It is much more common than saying 'mil e quinhentos gramas'.

Yes, absolutely. When someone asks your weight ('Qual é o seu peso?'), you answer in quilos. For example, 'Eu peso setenta quilos' (I weigh seventy kilos).

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