A2 verb Neutral #700 am häufigsten 3 Min. Lesezeit

忘了

wangle wàngle
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Overview

The word '忘了' (wàng le) is a fundamental verb in Mandarin Chinese, primarily meaning 'to forget.' It is composed of two characters: 忘 (wàng), which carries the core meaning of forgetting, and 了 (le), a very common grammatical particle.

The role of 了 (le):

  1. 1Completion of Action: In most cases, 了 (le) indicates that the action of forgetting has been completed. For example, '我忘了带钥匙' (Wǒ wàng le dài yàoshi) means 'I forgot to bring my keys.' Here, the act of forgetting has already happened.
  1. 1Change of State: 了 (le) can also signify a change of state, implying that one has now entered the state of having forgotten something. For instance, if someone asks '你还记得吗?' (Nǐ hái jìde ma? - Do you still remember?), a response of '我忘了' (Wǒ wàng le) means 'I've forgotten,' indicating a change from remembering to not remembering.

Usage and Nuances:

  • Transitive Verb: '忘了' is typically used as a transitive verb, meaning it takes an object. The object is the thing that has been forgotten. Examples:
  • 忘了他的名字 (wàng le tā de míngzi) - forgot his name
  • 忘了我的作业 (wàng le wǒ de zuòyè) - forgot my homework
  • 忘了说 (wàng le shuō) - forgot to say
  • Negation: To say 'didn't forget' or 'haven't forgotten,' you would typically use '没忘' (méi wàng) or '没有忘' (méiyǒu wàng). The particle 了 (le) is usually omitted in negation with 没 (méi) when referring to a past action.
  • 我没忘 (Wǒ méi wàng) - I didn't forget / I haven't forgotten.
  • Intransitive Use (less common but possible): In some contexts, '忘了' can be used more generally without an explicit object, implying forgetting something in general or having a lapse of memory. However, it's often more natural to specify what was forgotten.
  • Figurative Use: '忘了' can also be used figuratively, for example, to describe losing oneself in an activity: '我忘了时间' (Wǒ wàng le shíjiān) - 'I lost track of time' or 'I forgot the time.'

Common Phrases and Structures:

  • 忘了做某事 (wàng le zuò mǒu shì): Forgot to do something.
  • Example: 我忘了给你打电话。(Wǒ wàng le gěi nǐ dǎ diànhuà.) - I forgot to call you.
  • 把...忘了 (bǎ... wàng le): A 'bǎ' construction can be used to emphasize the object that was forgotten.
  • Example: 我把钥匙忘了。(Wǒ bǎ yàoshi wàng le.) - I forgot the keys (emphasizing the keys).
  • 差点忘了 (chàdiǎn wàng le): Almost forgot.
  • Example: 差点忘了告诉你一件事。(Chàdiǎn wàng le gàosu nǐ yī jiàn shì.) - I almost forgot to tell you something.

Understanding '忘了' is crucial for expressing memory and forgetfulness in daily Chinese conversations, as it is a highly frequent and versatile verb.

Beispiele

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Häufige Kollokationen

忘了带
忘了说
忘了做
忘了时间

Grammatikmuster

忘了 + object subject + 忘了 + verb phrase subject + 把 + object + 忘了

So verwendest du es

'忘了' (wàng le) is a common verb in Chinese used to express the act of forgetting. It's often followed by the particle '了' (le) to indicate a completed action or a change of state. It can be used in various situations, from forgetting an object, a name, or an appointment, to forgetting a skill or a piece of information. For example, '我忘了带伞' (wǒ wàng le dài sǎn) means 'I forgot to bring an umbrella.' '他忘了她的名字' (tā wàng le tā de míng zì) means 'He forgot her name.' It can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as '忘了过去' (wàng le guò qù), meaning 'to forget the past.' When expressing that something slipped one's mind, a common phrasing is '我一时忘了' (wǒ yī shí wàng le), meaning 'I momentarily forgot.' It's important to distinguish '忘了' from other related verbs like '遗忘' (yí wàng), which often implies a more permanent or profound forgetting, or '忘记' (wàng jì), which is generally interchangeable with '忘了' but can sometimes be used without the '了' to describe the state of having forgotten.

Häufige Fehler

One common mistake is confusing '忘了' (wàng le) with '忘记' (wàng jì). Both mean 'to forget,' but '忘了' often implies that the forgetting is a completed action or a state of having forgotten, while '忘记' is more of a general verb for 'to forget.' For example, you might say '我忘了他的名字' (Wǒ wàng le tā de míngzi - I forgot his name) to express the state of not remembering his name. You could also say '我忘记了买牛奶' (Wǒ wàngjì le mǎi niúnǎi - I forgot to buy milk) when you realize you didn't do something. Another potential mistake for learners is incorrectly using the negative form. The correct way to say 'didn't forget' is '没忘' (méi wàng), not '不忘' (bù wàng). '不忘' means 'not to forget' in the sense of 'to remember' or 'to bear in mind forever,' like in the phrase '不忘初心' (bù wàng chūxīn - never forget the original intention). Also, sometimes learners might overuse '了' in situations where it's not strictly necessary or grammatically incorrect. For instance, if you are describing a habitual action of forgetting, '忘了' might not be the best choice. Instead, you might use '常常忘' (chángcháng wàng - often forget). Finally, pay attention to the context when using '忘了' as it can also be used in polite requests or apologies, such as '不好意思，我忘了' (Bù hǎoyìsi, wǒ wàng le - Excuse me, I forgot) or '请你忘了这件事' (Qǐng nǐ wàng le zhè jiàn shì - Please forget about this matter).

Tipps

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Usage of 忘 (wàng) and 了 (le)

'忘' (wàng) means 'to forget'. '了' (le) is a common particle in Chinese that can indicate a completed action or a change of state. When combined as '忘了' (wàng le), it specifically means 'to forget' or 'to have forgotten'.

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Common Mistakes

A common mistake is to confuse '忘了' (wàng le) with '忘记' (wàng jì). While both mean 'to forget', '忘记' (wàng jì) often implies a more permanent or complete state of forgetting, whereas '忘了' (wàng le) can sometimes imply a more temporary or accidental forgetting. However, in many contexts, they are interchangeable. Another mistake is to omit '了' when indicating a completed act of forgetting, which would make the sentence grammatically incomplete.

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Example Sentences

1. 我忘了带钥匙。(Wǒ wàng le dài yàoshi.) - I forgot to bring the keys. 2. 他忘了她的名字。(Tā wàng le tā de míngzi.) - He forgot her name. 3. 你忘了我们约好的时间吗？(Nǐ wàng le wǒmen yuē hǎo de shíjiān ma?) - Did you forget the time we agreed upon?

Wortherkunft

Kultureller Kontext

In Chinese culture, memory and forgetting are often viewed through a lens that emphasizes the importance of learning, tradition, and personal relationships. '忘了' (wàng le), meaning 'to forget,' can carry different nuances depending on the context. Forgetting something important, like a promise or a historical event, might be seen as a lack of respect or diligence. In interpersonal relationships, forgetting a significant date or a favor can be perceived as insensitivity or a weakening of the bond. However, 'forgetting' can also be a coping mechanism, particularly in expressions like '忘掉烦恼' (wàng diào fán nǎo), meaning 'to forget one's troubles,' which suggests moving on from difficulties. There's also a philosophical aspect, where forgetting personal gains or losses can be associated with a higher state of mind or detachment, as seen in some Buddhist or Taoist philosophies. The act of remembering ancestors and traditions is deeply ingrained, making deliberate forgetting in this realm culturally significant and often negative.

Merkhilfe

The character '忘' (wàng) means 'to forget.' It's composed of '亡' (wáng) which means 'to die' or 'to perish,' and '心' (xīn) which means 'heart.' So, a mnemonic could be: 'When something dies in your heart, you forget it.' The character '了' (le) is a common particle indicating a completed action, so '忘了' means 'have forgotten' or 'forgot.'

Häufig gestellte Fragen

4 Fragen

The most common way to say 'to forget' in Chinese is '忘了' (wàng le). It's a very versatile verb and can be used in many contexts. For example, you might say '我忘了你的名字' (wǒ wàng le nǐ de míngzi) meaning 'I forgot your name,' or '我忘了带钥匙' (wǒ wàng le dài yàoshi) meaning 'I forgot to bring my keys.' The '了' (le) particle often indicates a completed action or a change of state, which fits well with the idea of forgetting.

Yes, '忘了' (wàng le) is perfectly suitable for both situations. You can use it when you forget a piece of information, like '我忘了他的生日' (wǒ wàng le tā de shēngrì) - 'I forgot his birthday.' You can also use it when you forget to perform an action, such as '我忘了给他打电话' (wǒ wàng le gěi tā dǎ diànhuà) - 'I forgot to call him.' Its flexibility makes it a very useful word in everyday Chinese conversation.

While '忘了' (wàng le) is the primary and most common word for 'to forget,' sometimes you might hear '忘记' (wàng jì). '忘记' generally carries a slightly more formal tone and can imply a more permanent or complete forgetting. However, in spoken Chinese, '忘了' is much more frequently used and often interchangeable with '忘记' without much difference in meaning for most daily contexts. The '了' particle in '忘了' emphasizes the completed action of forgetting.

To form a question using '忘了' (wàng le), you can typically add a question particle like '吗' (ma) at the end of the statement, or use an A-not-A question structure. For example, '你忘了我的名字吗?' (nǐ wàng le wǒ de míngzi ma?) means 'Did you forget my name?' Alternatively, you could say '你忘没忘我的名字?' (nǐ wàng méi wàng wǒ de míngzi?) which also means 'Did you forget my name?' Both are common and correct ways to ask.

Teste dich selbst

fill blank

我____带钱包了。

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
fill blank

她____他的名字。

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
fill blank

别____告诉我你的生日。

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:

Ergebnis: /3

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