Knowing a fact or information is expressed by the verb 知道.
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- Used to express knowledge of facts or information.
- Commonly used in both questions and answers.
- Indicates awareness rather than deep understanding.
概述：‘知道’是中文里最基础的认知动词之一，相当于英语中的‘to know’，侧重于对客观事实、信息或某种情况的知晓。它不涉及深层次的精通或情感上的熟悉，仅指‘我脑子里有这个信息’。
- 1用法模式：‘知道’后常接名词、代词、疑问词引导的从句或句子。例如：‘我知道这件事’（接名词）、‘你知道他在哪儿吗？’（接从句）、‘我不知道他明天来不来’（接句子）。它常出现在否定句中，如‘不知道’，表示缺乏某项信息。
- 1常见语境：在日常生活中，‘知道’用于确认信息，如‘我知道了’（表示收到通知或明白某事）。在询问时，‘你知道吗？’是开启话题或确认对方是否了解某事的常用语。它也常用于回答问题，如‘你认识他吗？’‘我知道他，但不太熟。’
- 1近义词辨析：‘知道’侧重于信息的获得，而‘认识’侧重于对人或事物的熟悉感（如认识某人、认识字）。‘了解’则比‘知道’程度更深，指对情况有深入的分析和理解。例如，‘我知道他’可能只是听过名字，但‘我了解他’则说明对他的人品和经历有较深认识。
Beispiele
我知道这个消息。
everydayI know this news.
我不知道他是否会参加。
formalI don't know if he will attend.
知道了，我马上就去。
informalGot it, I'll go right away.
学术界早已知道这一现象。
academicThe academic world has long known about this phenomenon.
Häufige Kollokationen
Häufige Phrasen
谁知道呢
Who knows?
我怎么知道
How should I know?
尽人皆知
Known to all
Wird oft verwechselt mit
Refers to being acquainted with people or recognizing characters/places. You 'know' a person via 认识.
Implies a deeper level of understanding or familiarity with a situation or person. It involves more than just surface-level awareness.
Grammatikmuster
How to Use It
Nutzungshinweise
Know that 知道 is a neutral word suitable for almost all registers. In very formal written Chinese, you might see 获悉 or 知悉. Always use 知道 for basic factual information.
Häufige Fehler
Learners often use 知道 to refer to people, which is incorrect. Another error is omitting the object when it is required by the context. Remember that 知道 cannot be used to mean 'to be familiar with' a city or a skill.
Tips
Use with question words
Combine 知道 with question words like 谁 (who), 哪儿 (where), or 什么 (what). For example, 我不知道他在哪儿 means I don't know where he is.
Don't use for people
Avoid saying 我知道他 when you mean you are acquainted with a person. Use 我认识他 instead.
The power of 知道了
In Chinese culture, saying 知道了 to a superior can sound slightly dismissive. Use 好的 or 明白了 to sound more respectful.
Wortherkunft
The character 知 combines 'arrow' (矢) and 'mouth' (口), suggesting the ability to speak clearly about what one perceives. 道 refers to the way or principle of things.
Kultureller Kontext
The concept of knowing is highly valued in Confucian culture, where knowledge is linked to moral development. However, in daily interaction, admitting ignorance is often seen as a sign of honesty.
Merkhilfe
Think of 知道 as 'mind-path'; you have a path in your mind to the information. If you don't know it, the path is missing.
Häufig gestellte Fragen
4 Fragen‘知道’通常用于事实、信息或客观情况。‘认识’主要用于人和具体事物，表示熟悉或曾见过面。
通常不直接接动词。如果想表达知道如何做某事，应使用‘知道怎么+动词’，例如‘我知道怎么开车’。
这是一种常用的口语表达，表示‘我明白了’或‘我收到你的信息了’，常用于回应他人的嘱咐。
可以说‘不好意思，我不太清楚’，比直接说‘我不知道’显得更有礼貌。
Teste dich selbst
你___他明天几点来吗？
询问具体时间信息应使用‘知道’。
Ergebnis: /1
Summary
Knowing a fact or information is expressed by the verb 知道.
- Used to express knowledge of facts or information.
- Commonly used in both questions and answers.
- Indicates awareness rather than deep understanding.
Use with question words
Combine 知道 with question words like 谁 (who), 哪儿 (where), or 什么 (what). For example, 我不知道他在哪儿 means I don't know where he is.
Don't use for people
Avoid saying 我知道他 when you mean you are acquainted with a person. Use 我认识他 instead.
The power of 知道了
In Chinese culture, saying 知道了 to a superior can sound slightly dismissive. Use 好的 or 明白了 to sound more respectful.
Beispiele
4 von 4我知道这个消息。
I know this news.
我不知道他是否会参加。
I don't know if he will attend.
知道了，我马上就去。
Got it, I'll go right away.
学术界早已知道这一现象。
The academic world has long known about this phenomenon.
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Verwandtes Vokabular
Mehr general Wörter
一下儿
A1a bit, a moment
点儿
A1a little bit
有点儿
A1a little, somewhat (negative connotation)
一下
A2A bit; a moment (used after a verb).
异样
B1different; unusual; strange
关于
A1about, concerning
快要
A2to be about to (happen)
大约
B1Used to show that a number or amount is not exact; approximately.
上边
A2above, on top
上面
A1on, above, over
