تفکیک کردن
تفکیک کردن en 30 segundos
- To separate or sort items systematically.
- Commonly used for recycling and data analysis.
- A formal alternative to 'jodā kardan'.
- Essential for legal and academic contexts.
The Persian compound verb تفکیک کردن (tafkik kardan) is a sophisticated and essential term in modern Persian, primarily used to describe the act of separating, sorting, or distinguishing between different components of a whole. Rooted in the Arabic triliteral root ف-ک-ک (f-k-k), which conveys the idea of undoing, releasing, or dismantling, the word has evolved in Persian to represent systematic classification and analytical separation. While the simpler verb جدا کردن (jodā kardan) can refer to any physical separation, تفکیک کردن implies a more methodical, intellectual, or administrative process. It is the difference between pulling two people apart in a fight and sorting a database into specific demographic categories.
- Environmental Context
- In the modern era, you will most frequently encounter this word in the context of waste management. The phrase تفکیک زباله (tafkik-e zobāle) or sorting trash for recycling is a staple of public service announcements in Iran. It refers to the systematic separation of plastics, papers, and organic waste.
ما باید زبالههای خشک و تر را از هم تفکیک کنیم تا به محیط زیست کمک شود.
Beyond the physical, this verb is crucial in legal and academic discourse. In law, تفکیک قوا refers to the 'separation of powers' (Executive, Legislative, and Judicial). Here, the word signifies a functional and structural boundary that ensures no single entity holds absolute control. In academic or scientific writing, one might use it to describe the process of disaggregating data to identify specific trends. It suggests a level of precision and intentionality that common verbs lack.
- Conceptual Distinction
- When you need to differentiate between two similar ideas, such as 'freedom' and 'license', تفکیک کردن is the perfect verb. It highlights the mental effort required to see the boundaries between concepts that might otherwise be blurred.
نویسنده در این کتاب، مفاهیم عشق و هوس را به خوبی از هم تفکیک کرده است.
In summary, this word is a bridge between the physical act of sorting and the intellectual act of distinguishing. It is used by city planners, lawyers, scientists, and environmentalists alike. Its presence in a sentence immediately elevates the register from everyday conversation to a more structured, analytical tone. Whether you are talking about separating your laundry or separating complex legal arguments, تفکیک کردن provides the necessary nuance to describe a process of bringing order to chaos through division.
Using تفکیک کردن correctly requires understanding its role as a compound verb. In Persian, compound verbs consist of a 'non-verbal element' (in this case, the noun تفکیک) and a 'light verb' (here, کردن). The primary grammatical focus is on the object being separated and the categories it is being separated into. Usually, the structure involves the preposition از (from) or the phrase از هم (from each other).
- Grammatical Pattern
- [Object] + را + از + [Category/Object] + تفکیک کردن. For example: 'He separated the accounts from the personal expenses.'
حسابدار باید هزینههای شخصی را از هزینههای شرکت تفکیک کند.
One of the most common mistakes learners make is forgetting that تفکیک is a noun that can also stand alone in formal writing. For instance, تفکیک جنسیتی (gender segregation) is a common sociological term. When used as a verb, it implies a dynamic action. If you are describing a passive state, you might use the past participle تفکیک شده (separated/segregated).
ما آمار را بر اساس سن و جنسیت تفکیک کردیم.
In a domestic setting, you might use it for chores that require classification. Sorting mail, sorting clothes by color, or sorting books by genre all utilize this verb. It carries a sense of 'putting things in their proper place'. It is less about 'breaking something' and more about 'organizing something'.
- The Passive Form
- The passive version is تفکیک شدن (to be separated). This is often used in scientific reports: 'The components were separated in the laboratory.'
اجزای این ترکیب شیمیایی به راحتی تفکیک میشوند.
Finally, consider the emotional or social use. While rare, it can be used to describe distinguishing between people's behaviors and their characters. 'You must separate his mistake from his personality.' This usage shows the verb's versatility in moving from concrete waste management to abstract psychological analysis. It is a powerful tool for any Persian speaker aiming for precision.
If you live in a Persian-speaking city like Tehran, Isfahan, or Kabul, you will hear تفکیک کردن in very specific, everyday contexts. The most ubiquitous is the environmental campaign. Most apartment buildings have signs near the dumpsters that say: «لطفاً زبالهها را تفکیک کنید» (Please sort the trash). This has become a cultural touchstone for civic responsibility in the 21st century.
- The News and Media
- On the evening news, reporters often use this word when discussing government budgets or census data. They might speak about 'separating the budget of the healthcare sector from the education sector' or 'disaggregating the unemployment rate by province'. It is the language of bureaucracy and precision.
دولت بودجهی عمرانی را از بودجهی جاری تفکیک کرده است.
In the legal world, تفکیک is a technical term used in real estate. When a large piece of land is divided into smaller plots for sale, the process is called تفکیک زمین. If you are buying property in Iran, you will likely hear your lawyer or real estate agent discuss the 'Tafkik' of the deed. This refers to the formal, legal separation of property titles.
You will also hear it in social and political debates, particularly regarding 'Gender Segregation' (تفکیک جنسیتی). This is a frequent topic in university settings or public transport discussions. While the word itself is neutral and means 'separation', the context in which it is used can be highly charged with political or social meaning depending on the speaker's stance on segregation policies.
بحثهای زیادی دربارهی تفکیک جنسیتی در دانشگاهها وجود دارد.
Lastly, in the digital age, social media managers and marketers use تفکیک کردن when discussing target audiences. They 'segment' their audience based on interests or location. If you work in an office in Iran, you'll hear it during strategy meetings: 'We need to separate our loyal customers from the new ones to send different emails.'
While تفکیک کردن is a powerful verb, it is often misused by students who treat it as a direct synonym for 'to separate' in every context. The most frequent error is using it for simple physical separations where جدا کردن (jodā kardan) is more appropriate. For example, if you are separating two fighting dogs, you would never use تفکیک کردن. That would imply you are sorting them into categories while they bite each other!
- Mistake: Physical vs. Categorical
- Incorrect: من دو سیب را از هم تفکیک کردم. (I separated two apples). Unless you are an agricultural inspector sorting them by grade, this sounds bizarre. Use جدا کردم instead.
اشتباه: من کتابم را از کتاب تو تفکیک کردم.
Another common mistake involves the preposition. Learners sometimes use با (with) instead of از (from). In Persian logic, you separate something 'from' something else. Saying 'separate with' usually indicates the tool you are using, not the object you are distinguishing. Always remember: X را از Y تفکیک کردن.
A third mistake is using the word in very informal slang. تفکیک کردن is a 'literary' and 'formal' verb. Using it while hanging out with friends at a café to talk about splitting the bill might sound overly stiff or even sarcastic. For splitting a bill, Persians use دنگ دادن or حساب کردن جداگانه. Using 'tafkik' here would make you sound like a government auditor.
- Register Confusion
- Avoid using this verb in text messages to close friends unless the topic is serious (like recycling or work data). Stick to سوا کردن for choosing fruit at the market or جدا کردن for general use.
Lastly, ensure you don't confuse it with تشخیص دادن (to diagnose/recognize). While 'distinguishing' can involve recognizing, تفکیک کردن is the act of creating the division, whereas تشخیص دادن is the mental act of identifying what something is. You 'diagnose' a problem, but you 'separate' the causes of the problem into categories.
Persian is rich with verbs that mean 'to separate' or 'to divide', and choosing the right one depends entirely on the context and the level of formality. Understanding the synonyms for تفکیک کردن will help you navigate different social and professional settings with ease.
- 1. جدا کردن (Jodā Kardan)
- This is the most common and versatile synonym. It can be used for everything from 'separating' two pages stuck together to 'separating' from a spouse. It is neutral in register and works in almost every situation. Unlike 'tafkik', it doesn't necessarily imply a systematic sorting.
او لباسهای تمیز را از کثیف جدا کرد.
- 2. سوا کردن (Savā Kardan)
- This is a more informal, colloquial term often used in marketplaces. If you are picking out the best tomatoes from a pile, you are 'savā'ing them. It implies 'selecting' or 'picking out' from a group. It’s very common in spoken Persian.
- 3. متمایز کردن (Motamāyez Kardan)
- This means 'to differentiate' or 'to distinguish'. It is highly formal and used when you want to emphasize the unique characteristics that make one thing different from another. It is more about the 'quality' of difference than the 'act' of sorting.
چه چیزی این محصول را از رقبا متمایز میکند؟
Other alternatives include تجزیه کردن (to decompose/analyze), بخشبندی کردن (to segment/partition), and دستهبندی کردن (to categorize). While 'tafkik' focuses on the boundary between things, 'dasteh-bandi' focuses on the groups themselves. If you are putting books into boxes labeled 'Fiction' and 'Non-Fiction', you are doing both, but 'tafkik' emphasizes that you are making sure they don't mix.
Dato curioso
The root 'f-k-k' is also used in the Persian word 'fakk' (jaw), implying the mechanical separation required for chewing or speaking.
Guía de pronunciación
- Pronouncing 'taf' as 'tof' (like 'tough').
- Putting too much stress on 'kardan'.
- Shortening the 'i' sound in 'kik'.
Ejemplos por nivel
لطفاً زبالهها را تفکیک کنید.
Please separate the trash.
Imperative form of the verb.
من سیبها را تفکیک میکنم.
I am sorting the apples.
Present continuous usage.
اینها را از هم تفکیک کن.
Separate these from each other.
Use of 'az ham' (from each other).
آیا باید کاغذ را تفکیک کنیم؟
Should we separate the paper?
Question form with 'āyā'.
او کتابها را تفکیک کرد.
He sorted the books.
Simple past tense.
ما رنگها را تفکیک میکنیم.
We are separating the colors.
First person plural.
تفکیک کردن خوب است.
Separating (sorting) is good.
Infinitive used as a subject.
آنها پولها را تفکیک کردند.
They separated the money.
Third person plural past.
شما باید لباسهای سفید را تفکیک کنید.
You must separate the white clothes.
Modal verb 'bāyad' (must).
او نامهها را بر اساس تاریخ تفکیک کرد.
He sorted the letters based on date.
Use of 'bar asās-e' (based on).
ما فایلها را در پوشههای مختلف تفکیک کردیم.
We separated the files into different folders.
Prepositional phrase 'dar pushah-hā'.
چرا اینها را تفکیک نمیکنی؟
Why don't you separate these?
Negative question.
میتوانید این دو موضوع را تفکیک کنید؟
Can you separate these two subjects?
Modal verb 'tavānestan' (can).
او کارتها را تفکیک میکرد.
He was sorting the cards.
Past continuous.
تفکیک زباله در خانه آسان است.
Sorting trash at home is easy.
Compound noun 'tafkik-e zobāle'.
بچهها اسباببازیها را تفکیک کردند.
The children sorted the toys.
Plural subject with past tense.
باید مرز بین واقعیت و خیال را تفکیک کنیم.
We must separate the boundary between reality and fantasy.
Abstract usage of the verb.
این دستگاه به طور خودکار زبالهها را تفکیک میکند.
This machine automatically sorts the trash.
Adverb 'be tour-e khodkār' (automatically).
آمار بر اساس گروههای سنی تفکیک شده است.
The statistics have been separated based on age groups.
Passive participle 'tafkik shodeh'.
او توانست هزینههای شخصی را از هزینههای کاری تفکیک کند.
He was able to separate personal expenses from business expenses.
Complex compound verb structure.
تفکیک کردن این دو مفهوم کار دشواری است.
Separating these two concepts is a difficult task.
Gerund usage as a subject.
دولت باید بودجه را به دقت تفکیک کند.
The government must separate the budget carefully.
Adverbial phrase 'be deqqat' (carefully).
ما باید نقشهایمان را در این پروژه تفکیک کنیم.
We must separate our roles in this project.
Possessive suffix '-emān'.
آیا قطعات این ماشین تفکیکپذیر هستند؟
Are the parts of this machine separable?
Adjective 'tafkik-pazir'.
تفکیک قوا یکی از اصول دموکراسی است.
Separation of powers is one of the principles of democracy.
Political terminology.
او در سخنرانیاش، مسائل سیاسی را از مسائل مذهبی تفکیک کرد.
In his speech, he separated political issues from religious issues.
Formal register.
این نرمافزار دادهها را به لایههای مختلف تفکیک میکند.
This software disaggregates data into different layers.
Technological context.
باید بین نقد سازنده و توهین تفکیک قائل شویم.
We must make a distinction between constructive criticism and insult.
Idiomatic use with 'qā'el shodan'.
تفکیک جنسیتی در محیطهای آموزشی موافقان و مخالفانی دارد.
Gender segregation in educational environments has supporters and opponents.
Sociological terminology.
مالک زمین قصد دارد آن را به قطعات کوچکتر تفکیک کند.
The landowner intends to subdivide it into smaller plots.
Legal/Real estate context.
او با مهارت، صدای سازها را در موسیقی تفکیک کرد.
He skillfully separated the sounds of the instruments in the music.
Sensory/Artistic context.
دانشمندان موفق شدند اتمها را از یکدیگر تفکیک کنند.
Scientists succeeded in separating atoms from one another.
Scientific context.
در تحلیل نهایی، باید عوامل ساختاری را از عوامل فردی تفکیک کرد.
In the final analysis, structural factors must be separated from individual factors.
Academic passive 'bāyad... kard'.
تفکیکناپذیریِ این دو موضوع، تحلیل را دشوار کرده است.
The inseparability of these two issues has made the analysis difficult.
Abstract noun 'tafkik-nā-paziri'.
قانونگذار باید حقوق عامه را از منافع خصوصی تفکیک نماید.
The legislator must differentiate public rights from private interests.
Formal verb 'namāyad' instead of 'konad'.
او در رسالهاش، مفاهیم مدرنیته را به دقت تفکیک و تبیین کرده است.
In his thesis, he has carefully separated and explained the concepts of modernity.
Coordinated verbs 'tafkik va tabyin'.
تفکیک وظایف در سازمانهای بزرگ امری حیاتی است.
The separation of duties in large organizations is a vital matter.
Management terminology.
منتقد تلاش کرد سبک نویسنده را از محتوای داستان تفکیک کند.
The critic tried to separate the author's style from the story's content.
Literary criticism context.
این نظریه بر پایه تفکیک ذهن از بدن بنا شده است.
This theory is built on the separation of mind from body.
Philosophical context.
تفکیک اراضی شهری نیازمند تاییدیه شهرداری است.
The subdivision of urban lands requires municipality approval.
Administrative register.
حکمت متعالیه بر تفکیک وجود از ماهیت تاکید میورزد.
Transcendent Theosophy emphasizes the separation of existence from essence.
High philosophical register.
هنرمند با ظرافت، مرز میان انتزاع و واقعیت را تفکیکناپذیر میسازد.
The artist delicately makes the boundary between abstraction and reality inseparable.
Artistic critique register.
تفکیکناپذیری سرنوشت ملتها در جهان امروز یک واقعیت انکارناپذیر است.
The inseparability of the fate of nations in today's world is an undeniable reality.
Geopolitical discourse.
او با نگاهی پدیدارشناسانه، تجربه را از آگاهی تفکیک میکند.
With a phenomenological gaze, he separates experience from consciousness.
Specialized terminology.
در این ترازنامه، سود عملیاتی از درآمدهای غیرعملیاتی تفکیک شده است.
In this balance sheet, operating profit is separated from non-operating income.
Advanced financial accounting.
تفکیکگرایی در سیاستهای اجتماعی میتواند منجر به شکاف طبقاتی شود.
Segregationism in social policies can lead to class divides.
Political science terminology.
وی در مقام قضاوت، باید احساسات شخصی را از موازین قانونی تفکیک نماید.
In the position of judgment, he must separate personal feelings from legal standards.
Formal judicial register.
تفکیک ساحتهای مختلف معرفتشناختی، پروژه اصلی این کتاب است.
The separation of different epistemological spheres is the main project of this book.
Highest academic register.
Colocaciones comunes
Frases Comunes
Modismos y expresiones
— To separate the wheat from the chaff (distinguishing good from bad).
یک منتقد خوب باید بتواند سره را از ناسره تفکیک کند.
Literary— To distinguish truth from falsehood.
در این هیاهو، تفکیک حق از باطل دشوار است.
Formal/Religious— To make a distinction or to treat differently.
او بین فرزندانش تفکیک قائل نمیشود.
Formal— To draw a line between things.
او بین کار و زندگیاش مرز کشیده و آنها را تفکیک کرده است.
Neutral— To treat everything as the same (Opposite of tafkik).
همه را با هم یک کاسه نکن، باید آنها را تفکیک کنی.
Informal— To treat everyone the same (Opposite of tafkik).
نباید همه را به یک چوب راند، باید رفتارها را تفکیک کرد.
Idiomatic— To dissociate oneself from others (A form of social tafkik).
او حساب خودش را از بقیه تفکیک کرد.
Neutral— To demarcate or set boundaries.
در سیاست باید بین دوست و دشمن خطکشی و تفکیک کرد.
Neutral— To pick apart or sort out.
باید این کلاف سردرگم را از هم سوا و تفکیک کنیم.
ColloquialFamilia de palabras
Sustantivos
Verbos
Adjetivos
Relacionado
Memorízalo
Mnemotecnia
Think of 'Tafkik' as 'Tough Kick'. You have to give a 'Tough Kick' to separate two things that are stuck together.
Asociación visual
Imagine a recycling bin with clear dividers. Each divider is a 'Tafkik' line keeping the paper away from the plastic.
Word Web
Desafío
Go to your kitchen and 'Tafkik' your cutlery. Say 'Man ghashogh-ha-ra tafkik mikonam' while doing it.
Origen de la palabra
Derived from the Arabic verbal noun 'tafkīk' (تفكيك) which is the Form II infinitive of the root 'f-k-k'. In Arabic, it means to dismantle, unlock, or undo.
Significado original: To take something apart or to undo a connection.
Semitic root (Arabic) integrated into Indo-European (Persian) grammar as a compound verb.Summary
The verb 'تفکیک کردن' is more than just 'separating'; it is about 'sorting with a purpose'. Use it when talking about recycling (tafkik-e zobāle) or making clear distinctions between complex ideas.
- To separate or sort items systematically.
- Commonly used for recycling and data analysis.
- A formal alternative to 'jodā kardan'.
- Essential for legal and academic contexts.
Contenido relacionado
Más palabras de numbers
اعشار
B1„اعشار“ significa decimal, refiriéndose a números con un punto decimal que representan partes de un todo.
اعشاری
B1<strong>Aashari</strong> es un adjetivo persa que significa 'decimal', relacionado con números que tienen un punto decimal. Se usa para calificar números, fracciones o mediciones que incluyen un punto decimal. Por ejemplo, 'un número decimal' se traduce como 'یک عدد اعشاری'.
عددنویسی
B1Numeración; el proceso de asignar o expresar números.
عددی
B1Numérico, perteneciente a los números. (e.g., El código numérico es secreto.)
عدم دقت
B1La falta de precisión en el informe causó confusión.
عرضی
B1Adjetivo que significa 'a lo ancho' o 'transversal'. Describe algo que se extiende u está orientado a lo ancho de un objeto. Por ejemplo, un corte a lo ancho de una tela sería un corte 'عرضی'.
اضافه
B1Adición, exceso, excedente. En la gramática persa, la partícula de unión.
افزایش یافتن
B1Aumentar, incrementar (intransitivo), subir. Ej: Los precios aumentaron (قیمتها افزایش یافت). La temperatura sube (دما افزایش مییابد).
افزایشی
B1La tendencia de los precios es creciente (afzāyeši) en el mercado.
آمار
B1Las estadísticas de desempleo están bajando.