- Core Meaning
- 'साठ' (sāṭh) is the Hindi word for the number sixty (60). It is a cardinal number, meaning it is used to count quantities. This number is fundamental in everyday life, appearing in contexts ranging from age and time to prices and measurements.
- Numerical Value
- As a numeral, 'साठ' represents the quantity of 60. It is derived from the Sanskrit word 'षष्टि' (ṣaṣṭi). Understanding its numerical place is crucial for basic arithmetic and understanding numerical sequences in Hindi.
- Common Usage Scenarios
- You will frequently encounter 'साठ' when discussing:
- Ages: 'मेरी उम्र साठ साल है।' (My age is sixty years.)
- Time: 'घड़ी में साठ मिनट होते हैं।' (There are sixty minutes in an hour.)
- Prices: 'इस किताब की कीमत साठ रुपये है।' (The price of this book is sixty rupees.)
- Quantities of items: 'मेरे पास साठ आम हैं।' (I have sixty mangoes.)
- Distances or measurements: 'यह दूरी साठ किलोमीटर है।' (This distance is sixty kilometers.)
- Cultural Significance (General Numbers)
- Numbers, including 'साठ', are universally understood and form the backbone of commerce, timekeeping, and social interactions. In Hindi-speaking cultures, like elsewhere, numbers are used to express everything from the mundane to the significant. For instance, reaching the age of sixty is often considered a milestone, a period of life where one might transition into retirement or a new phase. Festivals, historical events, and even religious texts often reference specific numbers that hold cultural or symbolic meaning. While 'साठ' itself may not carry deep symbolic weight compared to numbers like seven or one hundred and eight, its practical application in daily life is immense. It's a number that signifies a significant portion of a human lifespan or a substantial quantity of goods. When learning Hindi, mastering these basic cardinal numbers is a vital step towards fluency, enabling you to navigate everyday transactions and conversations with confidence.
Sentence साठ साल की उम्र में, वह सेवानिवृत्त हुए। (At the age of sixty years, he retired.)
- Basic Sentence Structure
- In Hindi, numbers like 'साठ' typically precede the noun they quantify or are used in conjunction with a unit of measurement. The structure is often straightforward: [Number] + [Noun] or [Number] + [Unit].
- With Age
- When talking about age, 'साठ' is usually followed by 'साल' (saal - year) and then 'के' (ke - of) or 'की' (ki - of, feminine) depending on the gender of the person whose age is being stated. For example, 'मेरी उम्र साठ साल है।' (Meri umr sāṭh saal hai - My age is sixty years.) or 'वह साठ साल के हैं।' (Vah sāṭh saal ke hain - He is sixty years old.)
- With Time
- When referring to time, 'साठ' is commonly used with 'मिनट' (minute - minute). For example, 'एक घंटे में साठ मिनट होते हैं।' (Ek ghante mein sāṭh minute hote hain - There are sixty minutes in an hour.)
- With Money
- For currency, it's 'साठ रुपये' (sāṭh rupaye - sixty rupees). Example: 'उसने मुझे साठ रुपये दिए।' (Usne mujhe sāṭh rupaye diye - He gave me sixty rupees.)
- With Quantities
- When counting items, 'साठ' is placed directly before the noun. Example: 'वहाँ साठ कुर्सियाँ थीं।' (Vahān sāṭh kursiyān thīn - There were sixty chairs.)
- In Comparisons and General Statements
- 'साठ' can also be used in more general statements or comparisons. For example, 'साठ प्रतिशत लोग सहमत थे।' (Sāṭh pratishat log sahamat the - Sixty percent of people agreed.) This shows its versatility beyond simple counting.
Sentence साठ मिनट बाद, ट्रेन आई। (After sixty minutes, the train arrived.)
- Everyday Transactions
- You will hear 'साठ' constantly in markets, shops, and during any exchange involving money. When asking for the price of something, the vendor might reply with 'साठ रुपये' (sixty rupees). If you are buying multiple items, the total could easily be a figure involving 'साठ'. For example, a shopkeeper might say, 'आपका कुल साठ रुपये हुआ।' (Your total is sixty rupees.) This is a fundamental word for anyone engaging in commerce in a Hindi-speaking region.
- Discussions About Age
- Conversations about people's ages frequently involve 'साठ'. You might overhear someone asking, 'आपकी उम्र क्या है?' (What is your age?) and the response could be, 'मेरी उम्र साठ साल है।' (My age is sixty years.) This is particularly common when discussing older relatives, friends, or public figures. The age of sixty is often seen as a significant milestone, so it's a number that comes up in discussions about life stages.
- Timekeeping
- While less common for precise minutes in casual speech, 'साठ' is integral to the concept of time. The fact that there are 'साठ मिनट' (sixty minutes) in an hour is a foundational piece of knowledge. You might hear it in educational contexts or when explaining durations. For instance, if someone asks how long a meeting will be, you might say, 'यह लगभग साठ मिनट तक चलेगा।' (This will last for about sixty minutes.)
- Public Announcements and Information
- In public spaces, like bus stations or train platforms, you might hear announcements about timings or distances that involve 'साठ'. For example, 'अगली बस साठ मिनट में आएगी।' (The next bus will arrive in sixty minutes.) Road signs might indicate distances, and news reports could mention statistics or figures involving 'साठ'.
- Educational Settings
- In classrooms, when teaching numbers or basic math, 'साठ' will be a standard part of the curriculum. Teachers will use it in examples for counting, addition, subtraction, and multiplication. Students will hear and repeat it frequently during lessons.
Sentence साठ रुपये की यह किताब बहुत अच्छी है। (This book for sixty rupees is very good.)
- Confusing Cardinal and Ordinal Numbers
- A common mistake for learners is confusing cardinal numbers (like 'साठ' for sixty) with ordinal numbers (like 'साठवाँ' - sāṭhvāṅ - sixtieth). 'साठ' is used for quantity, while 'साठवाँ' is used to indicate position in a sequence. For example, saying 'मैं साठ साल का हूँ' (I am sixty years old) is correct, but saying 'मैं साठ साल का हूँ' to mean 'I am in the sixtieth year of my life' would be incorrect. You would use 'मैं साठवें स्थान पर हूँ' (I am in the sixtieth position) if referring to order.
- Incorrect Placement in Sentences
- While Hindi sentence structure can be flexible, numbers typically precede the noun they modify. Beginners might mistakenly place 'साठ' after the noun, similar to some English constructions. For instance, saying 'कुर्सियाँ साठ थीं' (Chairs sixty were) is less natural than 'साठ कुर्सियाँ थीं' (Sixty chairs were). Always try to place the number before the noun it quantifies.
- Ignoring Gender Agreement (in specific contexts)
- While 'साठ' itself is invariable, it can be part of phrases that require gender agreement. The most common example is with age. When stating someone's age, the possessive pronoun and postposition might change based on the gender of the person. For example, 'वह साठ साल के हैं' (He is sixty years old) uses 'के' (ke), while if referring to a woman, it would be 'वह साठ साल की हैं' (She is sixty years old) using 'की' (ki). Learners might forget this subtle but important grammatical point.
- Pronunciation Issues
- The Hindi 'ठ' (ṭh) sound can be challenging for English speakers. It's an aspirated retroflex stop, different from the English 't' or 'th'. Mispronouncing 'साठ' as 'सात' (sāt - seven) or 'साड' (sāḍ) can lead to confusion. Ensure you practice the distinct 'ठ' sound.
- Over-reliance on English Number System
- Sometimes, learners might try to construct Hindi numbers by directly translating English number phrases, which doesn't work. For instance, thinking of 'sixty' as a combination of 'six' and 'ty' and trying to find a Hindi equivalent based on that logic. Hindi numbers have their own system, and 'साठ' is a unique word for sixty.
Sentence साठवाँ (sixtieth) नहीं, साठ (sixty) आम खरीदे। (Not the sixtieth, but sixty mangoes were bought.)
- 'साठ' (sāṭh) vs. 'साठवाँ' (sāṭhvāṅ)
- This is the most crucial distinction. 'साठ' (sāṭh) is a cardinal number, meaning it answers 'how many?'. It is used for counting quantities. For example, 'मेरे पास साठ रुपये हैं।' (I have sixty rupees.) 'साठवाँ' (sāṭhvāṅ) is an ordinal number, meaning it answers 'which one in order?'. It indicates position. For example, 'यह मेरा साठवाँ जन्मदिन है।' (This is my sixtieth birthday.) The '-वाँ' (-vāṅ) suffix transforms a cardinal number into an ordinal one.
- 'साठ' (sāṭh) vs. 'सात' (sāt)
- These words sound similar but have very different meanings. 'साठ' (sāṭh) means sixty. 'सात' (sāt) means seven. The difference lies in the initial consonant sound: 'स' (s) for seven and 'ष' (ṣ) for sixty, and importantly, the aspiration and retroflexion of the 'ठ' (ṭh) in sixty. Mispronouncing 'साठ' as 'सात' can lead to significant misunderstandings regarding quantity.
- Approximations
- In casual conversation, especially when an exact number isn't critical, speakers might use approximation words. While not direct synonyms, they serve a similar purpose of indicating a large quantity. For example, 'लगभग' (lagbhag - approximately) or 'करीब' (karīb - around/about) can be used. Instead of saying exactly 'साठ', one might say 'लगभग साठ' (approximately sixty) or 'करीब साठ' (around sixty). In some contexts, words like 'बहुत' (bahut - many/much) might be used if the exact number is not important, but this is less precise than 'साठ'.
- Fractions and Percentages
- While 'साठ' is a whole number, sometimes discussions might involve parts of it. For instance, 'आधा' (ādhā - half) could be relevant if discussing thirty (half of sixty). More formally, 'प्रतिशत' (pratishat - percent) is used. For example, 'साठ प्रतिशत' (sāṭh pratishat) means sixty percent. This is a different concept from the pure number sixty, as it represents a proportion out of one hundred.
- Other Numbers in the Sixties
- The numbers immediately before and after 'साठ' are 'उनसाठ' (unsāṭh - fifty-nine) and 'इकसठ' (ikasaṭh - sixty-one). These are distinct words and not interchangeable with 'साठ'. They follow a pattern common in Hindi for numbers 51-99, where the unit is often combined with a prefix or suffix related to the tens place (e.g., 'उन' for minus one, 'इक' for one).
Sentence साठ (sixty) आम थे, सात (seven) नहीं। (There were sixty mangoes, not seven.)
Ejemplos por nivel
यह साठ रुपये का है।
This is sixty rupees.
Simple statement of price.
मेरी उम्र साठ साल है।
My age is sixty years.
Stating age using 'साल' (year).
साठ मिनट इंतज़ार करो।
Wait for sixty minutes.
Using 'minute' with the number.
यहाँ साठ लोग हैं।
There are sixty people here.
Counting people.
मुझे साठ आम चाहिए।
I want sixty mangoes.
Expressing a quantity of items.
साठ किलोमीटर दूर।
Sixty kilometers away.
Indicating distance.
यह साठ नंबर बस है।
This is bus number sixty.
Identifying a bus by number.
साठ दिन हो गए।
Sixty days have passed.
Counting days.
एक घंटे में साठ मिनट होते हैं।
There are sixty minutes in an hour.
Basic time knowledge.
उसकी उम्र साठ साल के पार हो गई है।
His age has crossed sixty years.
Using 'के पार' (beyond) with age.
यह किताब साठ रुपये की है, बहुत महंगी नहीं है।
This book is sixty rupees, not very expensive.
Combining price with a simple opinion.
हमने साठ से ज़्यादा पेड़ लगाए।
We planted more than sixty trees.
Using 'से ज़्यादा' (more than) with a number.
साठ प्रतिशत छात्र परीक्षा में पास हुए।
Sixty percent of students passed the exam.
Using percentage.
कल साठ लोग आए थे।
Yesterday sixty people came.
Simple past tense with a number.
गाँव की आबादी लगभग साठ हज़ार है।
The village population is approximately sixty thousand.
Using 'लगभग' (approximately) with a larger number.
मुझे साठ किलोमीटर की यात्रा करनी है।
I have to travel sixty kilometers.
Expressing travel distance.
साठ साल की उम्र में, वह एक सफल व्यवसायी बन गए।
At the age of sixty, he became a successful businessman.
Combining age with achievement.
शहर में साठ से अधिक स्कूल हैं।
There are more than sixty schools in the city.
Using 'से अधिक' (more than) for a larger quantity.
उसकी वार्षिक आय साठ लाख रुपये से अधिक है।
His annual income is more than sixty lakh rupees.
Using 'लाख' (lakh) and 'से अधिक' (more than).
साठ मिनट की फिल्म देखने के बाद, हम थक गए।
After watching the sixty-minute film, we got tired.
Using duration as an adjective.
यह परियोजना साठ करोड़ रुपये के बजट में पूरी होगी।
This project will be completed within a budget of sixty crore rupees.
Using 'करोड़' (crore) and 'बजट' (budget).
साठवें दशक में, भारत में कई बदलाव आए।
In the sixties decade, many changes came in India.
Referring to a decade using the ordinal suffix.
उसने साठ से अधिक देशों की यात्रा की है।
He has traveled to more than sixty countries.
Expressing extensive travel.
साठ प्रतिशत मामलों में, समस्या का समाधान आसानी से हो जाता है।
In sixty percent of cases, the problem is solved easily.
Discussing problem-solving rates.
साठ वर्ष की आयु तक, उसने अपनी शिक्षा पूरी कर ली थी और एक प्रतिष्ठित विश्वविद्यालय में प्रोफेसर बन गया था।
By the age of sixty years, he had completed his education and become a professor at a prestigious university.
Using past perfect tense with age and achievement.
साठ के दशक की शुरुआत में, देश ने महत्वपूर्ण आर्थिक सुधार देखे।
In the early sixties, the country saw significant economic reforms.
Referring to a specific period using the ordinal suffix.
साठ लाख की आबादी वाला यह शहर, अपनी सांस्कृतिक विरासत के लिए जाना जाता है।
This city, with a population of sixty lakhs, is known for its cultural heritage.
Using 'लाख' (lakh) with population and descriptive clauses.
साठ प्रतिशत से अधिक वोटों से जीतना एक बड़ी उपलब्धि मानी जाती है।
Winning with more than sixty percent of the votes is considered a major achievement.
Discussing electoral success.
साठ करोड़ रुपये की लागत से बना यह पुल, क्षेत्र के विकास में महत्वपूर्ण योगदान देगा।
This bridge, built at a cost of sixty crore rupees, will contribute significantly to the region's development.
Using 'करोड़' (crore) and discussing infrastructure impact.
साठ वर्ष पूर्व, यह इलाका बहुत अलग था; आज यह एक आधुनिक महानगर बन गया है।
Sixty years ago, this area was very different; today it has become a modern metropolis.
Using 'वर्ष पूर्व' (years ago) for historical comparison.
साठ प्रतिशत से अधिक लोग इस नई नीति का समर्थन करते हैं।
More than sixty percent of people support this new policy.
Expressing public opinion on policies.
साठ के दशक में, संगीत और कला में एक क्रांति आई, जिसने दुनिया भर को प्रभावित किया।
In the sixties, a revolution occurred in music and art, which influenced the entire world.
Discussing historical cultural movements.
साठ की आयु पार करने के उपरांत, उन्होंने अपना अधिकांश समय समाज सेवा में समर्पित करने का निर्णय लिया।
After crossing the age of sixty, he decided to dedicate most of his time to social service.
Using 'उपरांत' (after) and 'समर्पित करना' (to dedicate).
साठ के दशक की सांस्कृतिक और राजनीतिक उथल-पुथल ने भविष्य की पीढ़ियों के लिए एक नया मार्ग प्रशस्त किया।
The cultural and political upheavals of the sixties paved a new path for future generations.
Complex sentence structure with abstract nouns.
साठ लाख की आबादी वाले इस महानगर में, यातायात की समस्या एक गंभीर चुनौती बनी हुई है।
In this metropolis with a population of sixty lakhs, the traffic problem remains a serious challenge.
Using 'बनी हुई है' (remains) for ongoing issues.
साठ प्रतिशत से अधिक मामलों में, प्रारंभिक निदान से उपचार की सफलता दर में उल्लेखनीय वृद्धि होती है।
In more than sixty percent of cases, early diagnosis leads to a significant increase in the success rate of treatment.
Discussing medical statistics and outcomes.
साठ करोड़ रुपये की इस महत्वाकांक्षी परियोजना का उद्देश्य क्षेत्रीय असंतुलन को कम करना है।
The objective of this ambitious project, costing sixty crore rupees, is to reduce regional imbalances.
Using 'महत्वाकांक्षी' (ambitious) and discussing socio-economic goals.
साठ वर्ष पूर्व की तुलना में, आज पर्यावरण की स्थिति चिंताजनक है।
Compared to sixty years ago, the environmental situation today is worrying.
Using 'की तुलना में' (compared to) for comparative analysis.
साठ प्रतिशत से अधिक नागरिकों ने इस जनमत संग्रह में भाग लिया, जो लोकतंत्र के प्रति उनकी प्रतिबद्धता को दर्शाता है।
More than sixty percent of citizens participated in this referendum, which demonstrates their commitment to democracy.
Discussing civic participation and democracy.
साठ के दशक के उत्तरार्ध में उभरे सामाजिक आंदोलनों ने लैंगिक समानता की वकालत की।
Social movements that emerged in the latter half of the sixties advocated for gender equality.
Using 'उत्तरार्ध' (latter half) and discussing advocacy.
साठ वर्ष की परिपक्वता के साथ, उन्होंने जीवन के उतार-चढ़ाव को सहजता से स्वीकार करना सीख लिया था।
With the maturity of sixty years, he had learned to accept life's ups and downs with ease.
Philosophical reflection on age and life experience.
साठ के दशक के वैचारिक मंथन ने न केवल कला और साहित्य को प्रभावित किया, बल्कि सामाजिक संरचनाओं को भी चुनौती दी।
The ideological churning of the sixties not only influenced art and literature but also challenged social structures.
Using abstract nouns like 'वैचारिक मंथन' (ideological churning) and complex sentence structures.
साठ लाख की आबादी वाले इस शहर में, जहाँ आधुनिकता और परंपरा का संगम देखने को मिलता है, वहीं संसाधनों का असमान वितरण एक विकट समस्या है।
In this city with a population of sixty lakhs, where a confluence of modernity and tradition is seen, the unequal distribution of resources is a formidable problem.
Ejemplo
उसने साठ रुपये दिए।
Contenido relacionado
Más palabras de general
आभार व्यक्त करना
B1Expresar gratitud o agradecimiento de manera formal. 'Quiero expresar mi gratitud por su ayuda.'
आचरण करना
C1Comportarse; conducirse de una manera específica, generalmente referida a la ética o moral. 'Debe conducirse con respeto.'
आगे
A1Forward; ahead.
आगे बढ़ना
A2Avanzar físicamente o progresar en la vida.
आगामी
B1Próximo, venidero. Se utiliza para eventos programados en el futuro cercano.
आह्वान करना
B1To call, to summon, to request someone's presence.
आज रात
A2Esta noche; la noche del día de hoy.
आजमाना
A2Intentar algo o probarlo para ver cómo funciona o qué sucede.
आक्रमण करना
B2Comenzar operaciones militares contra un país o grupo.
आखिरी
A2Último, final. 'El último capítulo' es 'Aakhiri adhyay'. 'Mi última decisión' es 'Mera aakhiri faisla'.
