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B1 adjective 2 min de lectura

親密な

shinmitsu na

Practícalo Ejemplos Notas y consejos

§ What 親密な Means

Let's break down 親密な (しんみつな – shinmitsuna). This is a useful adjective in Japanese to describe a relationship that is deep, close, or intimate. It's not just about physical closeness, but more about emotional or social bonds. Think of it as indicating a strong connection between people.

DEFINITION: Intimate, close; having a close relationship.

When you say a relationship is 親密な, you're implying a level of trust, understanding, and shared history that goes beyond a casual acquaintance. It's the kind of closeness you'd typically find among best friends, family members, or romantic partners.

§ When to Use 親密な

You'll use 親密な when you want to emphasize the depth of a connection. Here are some common situations:

Close Friends: Describing a friendship where you can share anything.
Family Bonds: Talking about the strong ties within a family.
Romantic Relationships: Expressing a deep romantic connection.
Working Relationships: Sometimes used in a professional context to describe a very close working relationship, but this is less common than for personal relationships.

It's important to remember that 親密な often carries a positive connotation. It suggests a bond that is cherished and valued. While 'close' in English can sometimes imply proximity, 親密な focuses more on the emotional or relational aspect.

彼とは親密な関係です。

This literally means: "With him, it's an intimate relationship." A natural English translation would be: "I have a close relationship with him." or "We are close."

彼女は彼の親密な友人だ。

This translates to: "She is his intimate friend." or "She is a close friend of his."

While you might hear other words like 近い (ちかい – chikai) which also means 'close,' 親密な specifically emphasizes the deep, personal nature of the relationship, rather than just physical proximity or a general lack of distance. For instance, your house might be 近い to the station, but you wouldn't describe your house and the station as 親密な.

二人の間には親密な絆がある。

This means: "There is an intimate bond between the two of them."

So, when you want to express a truly deep and personal connection, 親密な is the word you're looking for. It clearly communicates a bond that has developed over time and involves a significant level of emotional investment.

Dato curioso

The kanji 親 (shin) means 'parent' or 'intimacy', and 密 (mitsu) means 'density' or 'secrecy'. Together, they convey a strong sense of closeness.

Gramática que debes saber

Japanese adjectives (i-adjectives and na-adjectives) precede the noun they modify. 親密な is a na-adjective.

親密な友達 (shinmitsu na tomodachi) - close friend

When a na-adjective directly precedes a noun, it requires な (na) between the adjective stem and the noun.

親密な関係 (shinmitsu na kankei) - an intimate relationship

When a na-adjective functions as a predicate at the end of a sentence, it often takes です (desu) or だ (da) for politeness or informality.

彼らはとても親密です。(karera wa totemo shinmitsu desu.) - They are very close.

To make a na-adjective an adverb, add に (ni) after the adjective stem.

彼らは親密に話した。(karera wa shinmitsu ni hanashita.) - They talked intimately.

Na-adjectives can be negated by replacing だ (da) or です (desu) with ではない (de wa nai) or ではありません (de wa arimasen).

彼らの関係は親密ではない。(karera no kankei wa shinmitsu de wa nai.) - Their relationship is not intimate.

Ejemplos por nivel

彼らは長い付き合いで、とても親密な関係を築いています。

They have been together for a long time and have built a very intimate relationship.

彼女は親密な友人だけに見せる本当の顔を持っています。

She has a true face that she only shows to intimate friends.

その二人は、まるで親密なカップルのように見えた。

Those two looked just like an intimate couple.

親密な会話を通して、お互いを深く理解することができた。

Through intimate conversation, we were able to deeply understand each other.

彼は家族と親密な時間を過ごすことを大切にしている。

He values spending intimate time with his family.

私たちはすぐに親密な仲になり、何でも話せるようになった。

We quickly became intimate and could talk about anything.

その手紙は、彼らの親密な関係を物語っていた。

That letter spoke of their intimate relationship.

親密な雰囲気の中で、彼らは過去の思い出を語り合った。

In an intimate atmosphere, they talked about past memories.

Consejos

Basic Meaning of 親密な

親密な (shinmitsuna) describes a relationship that is intimate or close. Think of it as a strong bond between people.

Usage with Nouns

Like other な-adjectives, 親密な comes before the noun it modifies. For example, 親密な関係 (shinmitsuna kankei) means an intimate relationship.

Common Contexts for 親密な

You'll often hear 親密な used to describe relationships between friends, family members, or romantic partners.

Not for Physical Intimacy

While 'intimate' in English can sometimes imply physical closeness, 親密な primarily refers to emotional closeness or a strong bond. It's not typically used for physical intimacy.

Comparing with 近い (chikai)

近い (chikai) also means 'close,' but it's more general and can refer to physical proximity or simply a lack of distance. 親密な specifically emphasizes a deep personal connection.

Using 親密に (shinmitsuni)

You can use 親密に as an adverb. For example, 親密に話す (shinmitsuni hanasu) means to talk intimately or talk closely.

Expressing Closeness in Japan

Japanese culture values harmony and deep, long-standing relationships. 親密な reflects this value by describing such cherished connections.

Forming Sentences with 親密な

You can say: 彼らは親密な関係です。(Karera wa shinmitsuna kankei desu.) - They have an intimate relationship.

More Nuances of 親密な

Sometimes 親密な can also imply secrecy or a bond that is not shared with many outsiders, highlighting the exclusive nature of the relationship.

Practice with Examples

Try to create your own sentences using 親密な to describe relationships in your life. This helps with active recall.

Origen de la palabra

From Middle Chinese 'tɕʰin-miet' (親密) meaning close, intimate.

Significado original: Close, intimate

Sino-Japanese

Contexto cultural

When describing relationships, 親密な (shinmitsuna) suggests a deep, personal connection beyond just being friends. It can also imply a sense of trust and mutual understanding. This word is often used to describe romantic relationships or very close friendships.