A2 Nouns & Articles 1 min read Fácil

Portuguese Diminutives: Making Things Cute (-inho/-inha)

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Add -inho (masculine) or -inha (feminine) to the end of a noun to make it smaller or express affection.

  • Remove the final vowel (if present) and add -inho/a: 'casa' becomes 'casinha'.
  • If the word ends in a consonant, add -zinho/a: 'papel' becomes 'papelzinho'.
  • Match the gender of the original noun: 'o carro' -> 'o carrinho', 'a mesa' -> 'a mesinha'.
Noun (base) + (-inho/-inha) = Cute/Small Noun

Overview

Diminutives are one of the most distinctive features of Portuguese! Add -inho/-inha to make things small, cute, or show affection: casa → casinha (little house), gato → gatinho (kitty). Words ending in a consonant or stressed vowel use -zinho/-zinha: café → cafezinho (little coffee), flor → florzinha.

Diminutive Formation Rules

Ending Rule Example
Vowel (a, e, o)
Drop vowel + -inho/a
casa -> casinha
Consonant
Add -zinho/a
papel -> papelzinho
-ão
Add -zinho/a
coração -> coraçõezinhos

Meanings

The diminutive suffix is used to indicate small size, affection, or to soften the tone of a request.

1

Physical size

Describing something literally small.

“O gato é um gatinho.”

“Comprei uma casinha para o cachorro.”

2

Affection

Expressing love or endearment toward a person or object.

“Oi, meu amorzinho!”

“Que bonitinho esse presente.”

3

Softening/Politeness

Making a request or statement sound less abrupt or more polite.

“Só um minutinho, por favor.”

“Queria uma aguinha.”

Reference Table

Reference table for Portuguese Diminutives: Making Things Cute (-inho/-inha)
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Noun + -inho/a
O gatinho é fofo.
Negative
Não é + Noun + -inho/a
Não é um gatinho.
Question
É um + Noun + -inho/a?
É um gatinho?
Consonant
Noun + -zinho/a
O papelzinho está aqui.
Plural
Noun + -zinhos/as
Os gatinhos são fofos.

Espectro de formalidad

Formal
Um café, por favor.

Um café, por favor. (Ordering in a cafe)

Neutral
Um cafezinho, por favor.

Um cafezinho, por favor. (Ordering in a cafe)

Informal
Me dá um cafezinho!

Me dá um cafezinho! (Ordering in a cafe)

Jerga
Bora um cafezinho?

Bora um cafezinho? (Ordering in a cafe)

Diminutive Functions

Diminutive

Size

  • casinha small house

Affection

  • amorzinho sweetheart

Politeness

  • minutinho a quick minute

Ejemplos por nivel

1

O gatinho é pequeno.

The little cat is small.

1

Quero um cafezinho.

I want a little coffee.

1

Só um minutinho, por favor.

Just a little minute, please.

1

Que presentinho adorável!

What an adorable little gift!

1

Ela deu um sorrisinho tímido.

She gave a shy little smile.

1

O projeto é apenas um rascunhozinho.

The project is just a little draft.

Fácil de confundir

Portuguese Diminutives: Making Things Cute (-inho/-inha) vs Augmentative (-ão)

Learners mix up -inho (small) and -ão (big).

Errores comunes

o casinha

a casinha

Gender mismatch.

gatoinho

gatinho

Did not drop the vowel.

papelinho

papelzinho

Missing the 'z' for consonant endings.

casazinha

casinha

Added 'z' to a vowel ending.

o amorzinho

o amorzinho

Correct, but check if context is appropriate.

coraçãonho

coraçõezinhos

Incorrect plural/diminutive form.

mesa-inha

mesinha

Hyphenation is not used.

o problemazinho

o probleminha

Irregular root change.

o cafézinho

o cafezinho

Accent mark placement.

o livrinho

o livrinho

Correct, but ensure it's not 'livrozinho'.

o carro-inho

o carrinho

Morphological error.

o grande-inho

o grandinho

Adjective usage.

o hotelinho

o hotelzinho

Consonant rule.

o pãozinho

o pãozinho

Correct.

Patrones de oraciones

Eu quero um ___.

Real World Usage

Ordering food very common

Um sanduichinho, por favor.

💡

Don't overdo it

In formal writing, avoid diminutives.

Smart Tips

Use -inho to sound polite.

Quero café. Quero um cafezinho.

Pronunciación

/ˈiɲu/

Nasalization

The 'inho' suffix is nasalized in Brazilian Portuguese.

Softening

↗️ Um cafezinho?

Polite request

Memorízalo

Mnemotecnia

Think of 'inho' as a tiny 'in' (in-side) a small box.

Asociación visual

Imagine a giant house shrinking into a tiny 'casinha' in your palm.

Rhyme

For things that are small or to show some love, add -inho or -inha, fit like a glove.

Story

Maria went to the cafe. She asked for a 'cafezinho'. The waiter brought a 'xicarazinha' (little cup). She felt so happy and gave him a 'sorrisinho'.

Word Web

gatinhocasinhacafezinhominutinhoamorzinhobeijinho

Desafío

Spend 5 minutes today adding -inho to every object you see in your room.

Notas culturales

Diminutives are used constantly to show friendliness.

From Latin '-inus'.

Inicios de conversación

Você quer um cafezinho?

Temas para diario

Describe your room using diminutives.

Errores comunes

Incorrect

Correcto


Incorrect

Correcto


Incorrect

Correcto


Incorrect

Correcto

Test Yourself

Add the diminutive to 'casa'.

A ___ é pequena.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: casinha
Correct suffix.

Score: /1

Ejercicios de practica

1 exercises
Add the diminutive to 'casa'.

A ___ é pequena.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: casinha
Correct suffix.

Score: /1

Preguntas frecuentes (1)

No, it sounds weird for some words.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

Spanish high

-ito/-ita

Spanish uses -ito while Portuguese uses -inho.

French moderate

-et/-ette

French is less productive than Portuguese.

German moderate

-chen

German is strictly neuter.

Japanese low

-chan

Japanese is a suffix for names, not nouns.

Arabic low

Fu'ayl pattern

Arabic is non-concatenative.

Chinese low

小 (xiǎo)

Chinese is a prefix, not a suffix.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

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