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B2 noun 11 دقیقه مطالعه

تَخْصِيص

takhsees

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها تَخْصِيص در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح تَخْصِيص in your Level:

At the A1 level, you can think of تَخْصِيص (takhṣīṣ) as a way to say 'special' or 'making something for someone.' Even though it is a big word, you might see it when people talk about a 'special place' or 'setting aside' a toy or a chair. For example, if you have a chair and you say 'This is for my friend,' you are doing a simple kind of takhṣīṣ. You are taking something general and making it for one person. It is like saying 'This is yours.' You don't need to use it in complex sentences yet, but knowing that the root word 'Khāṣṣ' means 'Special' will help you remember it. Just think: 'Takhṣīṣ' is the action of making something 'Khāṣṣ' (special).

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the A2 level, you start using تَخْصِيص (takhṣīṣ) to organize your life. You might use it to talk about your schedule. For example, 'I set aside (takhṣīṣ) one hour for homework.' It is a more formal way than just saying 'I have homework at 5:00.' It shows that you made a plan. You will also see this word in apps on your phone. If you want to change the colors or the photo on your phone screen, the button might say 'takhṣīṣ' because you are making the phone 'special' for you. It's a useful word for talking about hobbies and daily routines where you dedicate time or space to something you like.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the B1 level, تَخْصِيص (takhṣīṣ) becomes very important for work and intermediate conversations. You will use it to talk about 'allocating' resources. If you are working on a project with friends, you might talk about takhṣīṣ al-mahamm (allocating tasks)—who does what. You will also hear it in the news when the government talks about money. If the city builds a new park, they 'allocate' money for it. You should start using it in the 'Idafa' structure, like 'takhṣīṣ al-waqt' (allocation of time) or 'takhṣīṣ al-māl' (allocation of money). This makes your Arabic sound more professional and organized.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using تَخْصِيص (takhṣīṣ) in professional, economic, and technical contexts. You understand that it means 'allocation,' 'appropriation,' or 'customization.' You can use it to discuss complex topics like economic privatization or the way a company designates its annual budget. You should also be aware of the difference between takhṣīṣ (allocation) and takhaṣṣuṣ (specialization). At this level, you can use the word to argue for better resource management or to explain how a specific software can be customized to meet user needs. It is a key word for anyone wanting to work in an Arabic-speaking business environment.

At the C1 level, you use تَخْصِيص (takhṣīṣ) with nuanced precision. You can discuss its role in legal contracts, where 'takhṣīṣ al-arbaḥ' (allocation of profits) must be clearly defined. You are also aware of its use in Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh) or linguistics, where it refers to 'specification'—limiting a general statement to a specific meaning. You can use it in academic writing to define the scope of your research ('takhṣīṣ nitaq al-baḥth'). Your usage should reflect an understanding of its synonyms like 'taʿyīn' or 'iʿtimād' and why takhṣīṣ is the better choice for earmarking resources for a specific functional purpose.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the C2 level, تَخْصِيص (takhṣīṣ) is a tool for sophisticated discourse. You can use it to analyze governmental fiscal policies, debating the merits of 'takhṣīṣāt' (allocations) in social versus military spending. You can use it in philosophical contexts to discuss the 'specification' of existence or in high-level legal disputes regarding the 'designation' of assets in complex trust funds. You understand the historical evolution of the word and can use it in literary or rhetorical ways to emphasize the intentionality of an action. Your command of the word allows you to use it in its plural form and in complex passive constructions seamlessly, reflecting a near-native grasp of formal Arabic registers.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

تَخْصِيص در ۳۰ ثانیه

Takhṣīṣ means allocating or earmarking something for a specific use.
It is commonly used for budgets, time management, and resource distribution.
In technology, it is the standard term for 'customization' or 'personalization'.
It comes from the root Kh-S-S, meaning special, private, or particular.

The Arabic word تَخْصِيص (takhṣīṣ) is a versatile and essential noun derived from the root kh-ṣ-ṣ (خ-ص-ص), which fundamentally relates to being special, particular, or private. In a general sense, it refers to the act of earmarking, designating, or setting something aside for a specific purpose. Imagine a large sum of money or a block of time; takhṣīṣ is the process of saying, "This portion is specifically for X." It is a word that bridges the gap between everyday organization and high-level economic policy.

Economic Context: In economics, this word is frequently used to describe the allocation of resources or funds. It is also the term used for 'privatization' in some contexts (though khaskhasah is more specific for that), as it involves designating public assets for private ownership or specific operational goals.

Daily Life: On a personal level, you might use it when talking about time management. If you decide to set aside two hours every morning for exercise, you are performing a takhṣīṣ of your time. It implies intentionality and focus.

قَرَّرَتِ الحُكُومَةُ تَخْصِيصَ مَبَالِغَ كَبِيرَةٍ لِتَطْوِيرِ التَّعْلِيمِ.
(The government decided to allocate large sums for the development of education.)

The beauty of takhṣīṣ lies in its precision. Unlike mere 'giving' or 'sending,' this word carries the weight of a formal decision. When a company performs a takhṣīṣ of shares, it isn't just handing them out; it is legally and formally designating them to specific individuals or entities. This nuance makes it a favorite in legal, academic, and professional Arabic discourse.

يَجِبُ تَخْصِيصُ مَسَاحَةٍ لِلْعَمَلِ فِي المَنْزِلِ.
(It is necessary to designate a space for work at home.)

Furthermore, in the realm of technology, takhṣīṣ is the standard term for 'customization.' When you go into the settings of an app to change the theme or notifications, you are 'customizing' (takhṣīṣ) the interface to suit your specific needs. This modern application shows how the root meaning of 'making something special/specific' adapts perfectly to the digital age. Whether it is a budget, a room, a time slot, or a software interface, the act of takhṣīṣ ensures that a general resource is tailored to a particular function.

Linguistic Root: The root Kh-S-S also gives us words like 'Khāṣṣ' (Special/Private) and 'Khuṣūṣiyyah' (Privacy). Understanding this connection helps you realize that 'takhṣīṣ' is essentially the process of making something 'khāṣṣ' (specific/special) for a certain purpose.

تَمَّ تَخْصِيصُ جَائِزَةٍ لِأَفْضَلِ مُوَظَّفٍ.
(A prize was designated for the best employee.)

سَأَقُومُ بِـ تَخْصِيصِ سَاعَةٍ يَوْمِيًّا لِتَعَلُّمِ العَرَبِيَّةِ.
(I will allocate an hour daily to learn Arabic.)

يُمْكِنُكَ تَخْصِيصُ خَلْفِيَّةِ الشَّاشَةِ.
(You can customize the screen background.)

Using تَخْصِيص effectively requires understanding its role as a verbal noun (Masdar). It often appears as the first part of an Idafa construction (the possessive structure in Arabic), where it is followed by the thing being allocated or the purpose of the allocation. For instance, 'takhṣīṣ al-mawārid' (allocation of resources) or 'takhṣīṣ al-waqt' (allocation of time). Because it is a formal noun, it is frequently preceded by verbs like 'تم' (tamma - was completed) or 'يجب' (yajibu - must) to indicate that an allocation has happened or should happen.

The 'Tamma' Construction: In formal news reports, you will often see 'تم تخصيص' (tamma takhṣīṣ), which translates to 'was allocated'. This is a very common way to express the passive voice in professional Arabic without using the complex passive verb forms.

تَمَّ تَخْصِيصُ مِيزَانِيَّةٍ جَدِيدَةٍ لِلْمَشْرُوعِ.
(A new budget was allocated for the project.)

Another common pattern involves using the preposition 'لـ' (li - for) to show the recipient or the purpose. For example, 'takhṣīṣ ar-rabḥ lil-a'māl al-khayriyyah' (allocating profit for charitable works). This structure is essential for clear communication in business and philanthropic settings. It shows exactly where the 'special' focus is being directed.

نَسْعَى إِلَى تَخْصِيصِ المَزِيدِ مِنَ الوَقْتِ لِلْعَائِلَةِ.
(We strive to allocate more time for the family.)

Customization in Tech: When you see this word in a software menu, it is often a standalone button label meaning 'Customize'. If it's a full sentence, it might be 'takhṣīṣ al-i'dādāt' (customizing settings).

اِضْغَطْ هُنَا لِـ تَخْصِيصِ مَظْهَرِ المَوْقِعِ.
(Click here to customize the appearance of the website.)

In academic writing, takhṣīṣ is used to narrow down a topic. If a researcher is talking about a broad subject but wants to focus on one aspect, they might use 'takhṣīṣ al-baḥth' (specifying/narrowing the research). This demonstrates the word's ability to move from physical objects (money) to abstract concepts (ideas and scope).

يُفَضِّلُ البَعْضُ تَخْصِيصَ هَواتِفِهِم بِأَغْلِفَةٍ مُلَوَّنَةٍ.
(Some people prefer to customize their phones with colorful covers.)

Legal and Contractual Use: In contracts, you will see 'takhṣīṣ al-arbaḥ' (allocation of profits) to define how money is split. It is a binding term that leaves no room for ambiguity.

اِتَّفَقَ الشُّرَكَاءُ عَلَى تَخْصِيصِ نِسْبَةٍ مِنَ الدَّخْلِ لِلتَّطْوِيرِ.
(The partners agreed on allocating a percentage of income for development.)

Finally, remember that takhṣīṣ can be used in the plural as 'takhṣīṣāt' (allocations/appropriations). This is very common in government budget reports where various departments receive different 'takhṣīṣāt'. Using the plural form emphasizes the variety and quantity of the designations being made.

زَادَتِ التَّخْصِيصَاتُ المَالِيَّةُ لِلصِّحَّةِ هَذَا العَامَ.
(Financial allocations for health increased this year.)

If you turn on an Arabic news channel like Al Jazeera or Al Arabiya, you are almost guaranteed to hear تَخْصِيص during the economic segment. News anchors use it to discuss national budgets, IMF loans, or emergency aid. It sounds official, authoritative, and precise. For example, 'takhṣīṣ mibaligh' (allocating sums) is a staple phrase in reporting on government initiatives. It conveys that the government isn't just talking about spending; they have actually earmarked the funds.

In the Corporate Office: In a business meeting in Dubai or Riyadh, managers use 'takhṣīṣ' when discussing project management. You'll hear phrases like 'takhṣīṣ al-mahamm' (allocation of tasks) or 'takhṣīṣ al-mawarid' (resource allocation). It’s the language of efficiency and planning.

نَحْتَاجُ إِلَى تَخْصِيصِ مِيزَانِيَّةٍ لِلتَّسْوِيقِ الرَّقْمِيِّ.
(We need to allocate a budget for digital marketing.)

You will also encounter this word frequently in the digital world. Every time you open an app and see settings related to your profile, notification sounds, or display preferences, you are looking at 'takhṣīṣ'. In Arabic-localized versions of Windows, macOS, or Android, 'Personalize' or 'Customize' is translated as takhṣīṣ. It has become the standard tech term for making a generic system unique to a specific user.

تُفَكِّرُ الدَّوْلَةُ فِي تَخْصِيصِ بَعْضِ القِطَاعَاتِ العَامَّةِ.
(The state is considering the privatization of some public sectors.)

In educational settings, teachers use it to designate specific students for tasks or to allocate time for different parts of a lesson. 'Takhṣīṣ waqt lil-muraaja'ah' (allocating time for review) is a common instruction before exams. It signals to students that this time is 'sacred' for one specific purpose and should not be used for anything else.

Legal Documents: In wills (wasiyyah) or endowment deeds (waqf), 'takhṣīṣ' is used to specify which property goes to which cause or person. It is a word that carries legal finality.

تَمَّ تَخْصِيصُ هَذَا العَقَارِ لِلأَعْمَالِ الخَيْرِيَّةِ.
(This property was designated for charitable works.)

Finally, you might hear it in social settings when someone is 'reserving' something. While 'hajz' is more common for reservations (like a hotel), takhṣīṣ is used when the reservation is for a specific, distinguished purpose or person. It adds a layer of exclusivity. If a VIP table is set aside, it is a takhṣīṣ. If a room is dedicated as a prayer room, it is a takhṣīṣ. It’s the sound of purpose in action.

هَلْ يُمْكِنُ تَخْصِيصُ مَكَانٍ لِلْمُدَخِّنِينَ؟
(Can a place be designated for smokers?)

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with تَخْصِيص is confusing it with its related noun تَخَصُّص (takhaṣṣuṣ). While they share the same root, takhaṣṣuṣ means 'specialization' or 'academic major.' If you say 'My takhṣīṣ is medicine,' people will understand what you mean, but it sounds like you 'allocated' medicine rather than 'specialized' in it. Remember: takhṣīṣ is something you *do* to resources, while takhaṣṣuṣ is what you *have* in your career.

Confusion with 'Hajz': Learners often use 'takhṣīṣ' when they should use 'hajz' (booking/reservation). Use 'hajz' for a hotel room or a flight. Use 'takhṣīṣ' when a manager or an authority officially sets aside a resource for a long-term or specific purpose.

خَطَأ: تَخْصِيصُ غُرْفَةٍ فِي الفُنْدُقِ.
(Wrong: 'Allocation' of a room in the hotel - use 'hajz' instead.)

Another mistake is the preposition. While takhṣīṣ works well in an Idafa (takhṣīṣ al-māl), when using a preposition to indicate the goal, you must use 'لـ' (li - for). Using 'في' (fi - in) is a common error. For example, you allocate money *for* (li) a project, not *in* (fi) a project. This subtle difference in prepositions can make your Arabic sound much more natural and precise.

صَحِيح: تَمَّ تَخْصِيصُ المَبْلَغِ لِلْبِنَاءِ.
(Correct: The amount was allocated for the construction.)

In the context of 'privatization,' be careful. While takhṣīṣ is used in some academic circles, the most common word in modern media is khaskhasah (خصخصة). If you are talking about the government selling a telecom company, khaskhasah is the standard term. Using takhṣīṣ might sound a bit old-fashioned or overly general in this specific economic context.

Pronunciation Error: Ensure you emphasize the 'shaddah' (double consonant) on the 'ṣād' (ص). It is takh-ṣīṣ, not takh-ṣīs. Mispronouncing the 'ṣ' as a light 's' can change the feel of the word and make it harder to recognize for native speakers.

تَأَكَّدْ مِنْ نُطْقِ حَرْفِ الصَّادِ بِقُوَّةٍ.
(Make sure to pronounce the letter Sad strongly.)

Lastly, some learners use takhṣīṣ when they mean 'specification' in a technical manual. While it works, the word muwāṣafāt (specifications/features) is usually what you see on a product box. Takhṣīṣ is the *act* of specifying, while muwāṣafāt are the *details* themselves. Distinguishing between the action and the result will elevate your Arabic to a professional B2/C1 level.

Arabic is a language of synonyms, each with a slight shade of difference. To truly master تَخْصِيص, you should know its neighbors. The most common alternative is تَوْزِيع (tawzīʿ), which means 'distribution.' While takhṣīṣ is about earmarking for a *specific* purpose, tawzīʿ is about spreading resources across *many* recipients. If a cake is cut and given to everyone, it's tawzīʿ. If one slice is put in a box specifically for Sarah, that's takhṣīṣ.

Takhṣīṣ vs. Taʿyīn: 'Taʿyīn' (تعيين) means 'appointment' or 'designation.' We use 'taʿyīn' for people (appointing a manager) and 'takhṣīṣ' for inanimate resources (allocating a budget). You wouldn't 'takhṣīṣ' a person to a role; you would 'taʿyīn' them.

نَقُومُ بِـ تَوْزِيعِ المَهَامِّ، لَكِنَّنَا نَحْتَاجُ لِـ تَخْصِيصِ مِيزَانِيَّةٍ.
(We are distributing tasks, but we need to allocate a budget.)

Another related word is إِفْرَاد (ifrād), which means 'singling out' or 'setting apart.' This is more literary and less common in business. It implies isolation. Takhṣīṣ is more about the *purpose* of the setting aside, whereas ifrād is just about the act of making something alone or separate. In a technical or UI context, you might also see تَهْيِئَة (tahyi'ah), which means 'configuration' or 'setup.' While takhṣīṣ is 'customization' (making it yours), tahyi'ah is 'configuration' (making it work).

تَمَّ تَعْيِينُ مُدِيرٍ جَدِيدٍ لِلإِشْرَافِ عَلَى تَخْصِيصِ المَوَارِدِ.
(A new manager was appointed to oversee the allocation of resources.)

Takhṣīṣ vs. Tajhīz: 'Tajhīz' (تجهيز) means 'preparing' or 'equipping.' If you are setting up a room with furniture, it's 'tajhīz.' If you are officially declaring that room to be 'The Meeting Room,' it's 'takhṣīṣ.'

بَعْدَ تَجْهِيزِ المَعْمَلِ، تَمَّ تَخْصِيصُهُ لِلأَبْحَاثِ الجِينِيَّةِ.
(After equipping the lab, it was allocated for genetic research.)

Finally, consider حَصْر (ḥaṣr), which means 'limiting' or 'restricting.' While takhṣīṣ is positive (giving for a purpose), ḥaṣr can feel more restrictive. However, in logic and linguistics, they are close cousins. If you 'takhṣīṣ' a rule to one group, you are 'ḥaṣr'-ing (limiting) its application. Understanding these synonyms allows you to choose the exact emotional and professional tone for your sentence.

چقدر رسمی است؟

رسمی

"تَمَّ تَخْصِيصُ مَبَالِغَ إِضَافِيَّةٍ لِقِطَاعِ التَّعْلِيمِ."

خنثی

"نَحْتَاجُ إِلَى تَخْصِيصِ وَقْتٍ لِلدِّرَاسَةِ."

غیر رسمی

"خَصِّصْ لِي مَكَانًا جَنْبَكَ."

Child friendly

"هَذَا الصُّنْدُوقُ تَخْصِيصٌ لِأَلْعَابِكَ."

عامیانه

"مَا فِيهْ تَخْصِيصْ، الكِلْ سَوَا."

نکته جالب

The same root gives us 'Khāṣṣ' (Special). In the medieval period, the 'Khāṣṣah' referred to the elite or the inner circle of a Caliph, as they were the 'specially designated' people of the court.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /tax.ˈsˤiːsˤ/

US /tæk.ˈsiːs/

The primary stress is on the second syllable: takh-ṢĪṢ.

هم‌قافیه با

تَرْخِيص (tarkhīṣ - licensing) تَنْقِيص (tanqīṣ - reduction) تَلْخِيص (talkhīṣ - summary) تَمْحِيص (tamḥīṣ - scrutiny) تَشْخِيص (tashkhīṣ - diagnosis) تَنْغِيص (tanghīṣ - spoiling/disturbing) تَحْرِيص (taḥrīṣ - incitement) تَقْرِيص (taqrīṣ - pinching)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing 'ṣ' (ص) as a light 's' (س).
Failing to pronounce the 'kh' (خ) with enough rasp.
Shortening the long 'ī' vowel.
Putting the stress on the first syllable instead of the second.
Confusing the 'shaddah' (doubling) from the verb 'khassasa' with the noun 'takhsis' (which doesn't have a shaddah on the 'ṣ').

سطح دشواری

خواندن 4/5

The word is common in news and formal texts, making it recognizable but requiring context to distinguish from 'takhasus'.

نوشتن 5/5

Requires correct use of Idafa and prepositions like 'li-'.

صحبت کردن 5/5

The 'kh' and 's' sounds together can be tricky for beginners to pronounce fluidly.

گوش دادن 4/5

Easily heard in news broadcasts, but must be distinguished from phonetically similar roots.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

خَاصّ (Special) وَقْت (Time) مَال (Money) مَكَان (Place) مِيزَانِيَّة (Budget)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

تَخَصُّص (Specialization) خَصْخَصَة (Privatization) إِعْتِمَاد (Appropriation) تَوْزِيع (Distribution) مُخَصَّصَات (Allowances/Allocations)

پیشرفته

أُصُول الفِقْه (Principles of Jurisprudence) اِقْتِصَاد كُلِّي (Macroeconomics) تَهْيِئَة النِّظَام (System Configuration)

گرامر لازم

Masdar (Verbal Noun) Construction

تَخْصِيص (Takhsis) is the Masdar of the Form II verb خَصَّصَ (Khassasa).

Idafa (Possessive Structure)

تَخْصِيصُ المَالِ (Allocation of money) - Takhsis is the Mudaf.

Passive with 'Tamma'

تَمَّ تَخْصِيصُ المَبْلَغِ (The amount was allocated).

Preposition 'Li-' for Purpose

تَخْصِيصُ الوَقْتِ لِلْقِرَاءَةِ (Allocating time for reading).

Pluralization of Masdars

تَخْصِيصَات (Allocations) - adding 'at' for feminine plural.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

هَذَا الكُرْسِيُّ تَخْصِيصٌ لَكَ.

This chair is [designated/set aside] for you.

Simple noun usage as a predicate.

أُرِيدُ تَخْصِيصَ لُعْبَةٍ لِأَخِي.

I want to [set aside] a toy for my brother.

Takhsis as an object of the verb 'to want'.

تَخْصِيصُ مَكَانٍ لِلْقِطَّةِ.

[Designating] a place for the cat.

Idafa construction: Takhsis + Makan.

هَذَا هُوَ تَخْصِيصِي.

This is my [designation/thing set aside].

Noun with first-person possessive suffix.

تَخْصِيصُ كِتَابٍ لِلْمَدْرَسَةِ.

[Setting aside] a book for school.

Simple Idafa.

تَخْصِيصُ غُرْفَةٍ لِلنَّوْمِ.

[Designating] a room for sleeping.

Noun + noun for purpose.

شُكْرًا عَلَى التَّخْصِيصِ.

Thank you for the [special designation/setting aside].

Definite noun after a preposition.

تَخْصِيصُ وَقْتٍ لِلأَكْلِ.

[Setting aside] time for eating.

Idafa with time.

يَجِبُ تَخْصِيصُ سَاعَةٍ لِلرِّيَاضَةِ.

It is necessary to [allocate] an hour for sports.

Used with 'yajibu' (must/necessary).

تَعَلَّمْتُ تَخْصِيصَ هَاتِفِي الجَدِيدِ.

I learned how to [customize] my new phone.

Object of the verb 'learned'.

تَخْصِيصُ مَكَانٍ لِلدِّرَاسَةِ مُهِمٌّ.

[Designating] a place for study is important.

Subject of a nominal sentence.

قَامَ الأَبُ بِتَخْصِيصِ مَصْرُوفٍ لِلأَوْلادِ.

The father [allocated] an allowance for the children.

Used with the helper verb 'qama bi-'.

هَلْ يُمْكِنُ تَخْصِيصُ هَذَا المَقْعَدِ؟

Can this seat be [reserved/designated]?

Used in a question with 'yumkin' (is possible).

أُحِبُّ تَخْصِيصَ غُرْفَتِي بِأَلْوَانٍ جَمِيلَةٍ.

I love [customizing] my room with beautiful colors.

Gerund/Masdar as an object.

تَخْصِيصُ المَالِ لِلرِّحْلَةِ صَعْبٌ.

[Allocating] money for the trip is difficult.

Idafa structure.

نَحْتَاجُ إِلَى تَخْصِيصِ وَقْتٍ لِلرَّاحَةِ.

We need to [allocate] time for rest.

Used after 'ihtaja ila' (need to).

تَمَّ تَخْصِيصُ مِيزَانِيَّةٍ لِبِنَاءِ المَدْرَسَةِ.

A budget [was allocated] for building the school.

Passive-like construction using 'tamma'.

يُمْكِنُكَ تَخْصِيصُ وَاجِهَةِ البَرْنَامَجِ كَمَا تُحِبُّ.

You can [customize] the program interface as you like.

Technical usage for customization.

تَخْصِيصُ المَهَامِّ يُسَاعِدُ عَلَى النَّجَاحِ.

[Allocating] tasks helps in success.

Masdar as a subject.

قَرَّرَتِ الشَّرِكَةُ تَخْصِيصَ جَوَائِزَ لِلْمُتَفَوِّقِينَ.

The company decided to [designate] prizes for the achievers.

Object of the verb 'qarrara'.

تَخْصِيصُ المَوَارِدِ هُوَ جُزْءٌ مِنَ التَّخْطِيطِ.

[Resource allocation] is part of planning.

Standard business Idafa.

هَلْ تَمَّ تَخْصِيصُ سَيَّارَةٍ لِلْمُدِيرِ؟

Has a car [been designated] for the manager?

Passive question using 'tamma'.

يَجِبُ تَخْصِيصُ جُزْءٍ مِنَ الرِّبْحِ لِلتَّطْوِيرِ.

A portion of the profit must be [allocated] for development.

Modal verb 'yajibu' + Masdar.

نَعْمَلُ عَلَى تَخْصِيصِ نِظَامِ التَّنْبِيهَاتِ.

We are working on [customizing] the notification system.

Prepositional phrase 'ala takhsis'.

تُعَانِي بَعْضُ الدُّوَلِ مِنْ سُوءِ تَخْصِيصِ المَوَارِدِ.

Some countries suffer from poor [resource allocation].

Complex Idafa: 'su' takhsis al-mawarid'.

تَخْصِيصُ القِطَاعِ العَامِّ يَمُرُّ بِمَرَاحِلَ عَدِيدَةٍ.

[Privatization] of the public sector goes through many stages.

Usage in economic policy context.

يَتَطَلَّبُ المَشْرُوعُ تَخْصِيصَ مَبَالِغَ طَائِلَةٍ.

The project requires the [allocation] of huge sums.

Verb 'yatatallab' (requires) + Masdar.

تَخْصِيصُ الأَسْهُمِ لِلْمُوَظَّفِينَ يَزِيدُ مِنَ الوَلَاءِ.

[Allocating] shares to employees increases loyalty.

Business/Finance context.

تَمَّ إِعَادَةُ تَخْصِيصِ المِيزَانِيَّةِ لِمُوَاجَهَةِ الأَزْمَةِ.

The budget was [re-allocated] to face the crisis.

Compound Masdar: 'i'adat takhsis'.

تَخْصِيصُ الأَرَاضِي لِلْبِنَاءِ يَخْضَعُ لِقَوَانِينَ صَارِمَةٍ.

[Land designation] for building is subject to strict laws.

Legal/Administrative context.

يُمْكِنُ تَخْصِيصُ هَذِهِ الخِدْمَةِ لِتُلَبِّيَ احْتِيَاجَاتِ العُمَلَاءِ.

This service can be [customized] to meet customer needs.

Using 'li-tulabbiya' (to meet) for purpose.

تَخْصِيصُ الوَقْتِ لِلتَّفْكِيرِ الإِبْدَاعِيِّ ضَرُورِيٌّ.

[Allocating] time for creative thinking is essential.

Abstract usage of the noun.

يَنْصُّ العَقْدُ عَلَى تَخْصِيصِ نِسْبَةٍ مِنَ الأَرْبَاحِ لِلْمُسَاهِمِينَ.

The contract stipulates the [allocation] of a percentage of profits to shareholders.

Legal terminology: 'yanssu al-aqd ala'.

يَجِبُ تَخْصِيصُ الحَدِيثِ عَنْ هَذِهِ الظَّاهِرَةِ فِي مَقَالٍ مُنْفَصِلٍ.

Discussion of this phenomenon must be [specifically designated] to a separate article.

Academic usage for narrowing scope.

تَخْصِيصُ العَامِّ هُوَ مَبْحَثٌ هَامٌّ فِي أُصُولِ الفِقْهِ.

[Specification of the general] is an important topic in Islamic jurisprudence.

Technical term in Islamic law/logic.

أَدَّى تَخْصِيصُ المَرَافِقِ الحَيَوِيَّةِ إِلَى تَحَسُّنِ الخِدْمَاتِ.

The [privatization] of vital facilities led to improved services.

Economic analysis usage.

تَخْصِيصُ الائْتِمَانِ يَتَأَثَّرُ بِالسِّيَاسَاتِ النَّقْدِيَّةِ.

[Credit allocation] is affected by monetary policies.

High-level financial terminology.

تَمَّ تَخْصِيصُ مَكَانَةٍ مَرْمُوقَةٍ لِلشَّاعِرِ فِي المَهْرَجَانِ.

A prestigious [position/status] was designated for the poet at the festival.

Metaphorical allocation of status.

يَعْتَمِدُ النَّجَاحُ عَلَى التَّخْصِيصِ الدَّقِيقِ لِلْمَهَامِّ وَالمَسْؤُولِيَّاتِ.

Success depends on the precise [allocation] of tasks and responsibilities.

Professional management context.

تَخْصِيصُ الصَّلاحِيَّاتِ لِلإِدَارَةِ المَحَلِّيَّةِ يُعَزِّزُ اللامَرْكَزِيَّةَ.

The [allocation] of powers to local administration promotes decentralization.

Political science context.

تَتَجَلَّى عَبْقَرِيَّةُ الكَاتِبِ فِي تَخْصِيصِ دَلالاتٍ عَمِيقَةٍ لِكُلِّ كَلِمَةٍ.

The writer's genius is evident in [assigning/designating] deep connotations to every word.

Literary analysis usage.

تُثِيرُ عَمَلِيَّاتُ تَخْصِيصِ الأَرَاضِي الشَّاسِعَةِ جَدَلًا وَاسِعًا.

Large-scale [land allocation] operations spark widespread controversy.

Sociopolitical critique.

تَخْصِيصُ المَوَارِدِ النَّادِرَةِ يُمَثِّلُ لُبَّ المُشْكِلَةِ الاقْتِصَادِيَّةِ.

The [allocation] of scarce resources represents the core of the economic problem.

Theoretical economic definition.

يَسْعَى القَانُونُ إِلَى تَخْصِيصِ المَسْؤُولِيَّةِ الجِنَائِيَّةِ بِدِقَّةٍ.

The law seeks to precisely [designate/attribute] criminal responsibility.

Legal philosophy context.

يَعْكِسُ تَخْصِيصُ المِيزَانِيَّةِ لِلْبَحْثِ العِلْمِيِّ رُؤْيَةَ الدَّوْلَةِ.

The [budget allocation] for scientific research reflects the state's vision.

Analytical observation.

تَخْصِيصُ الهُوِيَّةِ الثَّقَافِيَّةِ فِي عَصْرِ العَوْلَمَةِ يُعَدُّ تَحَدِّيًا.

The [specification/assertion] of cultural identity in the age of globalization is a challenge.

Sociological discourse.

تَمَّ تَخْصِيصُ مَبَالِغَ تَعْوِيضِيَّةٍ لِلْمُتَضَرِّرِينَ مِنَ الكَارِثَةِ.

Compensatory sums [were allocated] for those affected by the disaster.

Administrative/Crisis management.

تَخْصِيصُ الوَقْتِ لِلذَّاتِ هُوَ جَوْهَرُ الصِّحَّةِ النَّفْسِيَّةِ.

[Allocating] time for the self is the essence of psychological health.

Philosophical/Psychological usage.

مترادف‌ها

تحديد إفراد تعيين حجز

متضادها

تعميم دمج إهمال

ترکیب‌های رایج

تَخْصِيص مِيزَانِيَّة

تَخْصِيص المَوَارِد

تَخْصِيص الوَقْت

إِعَادَة تَخْصِيص

تَخْصِيص الأَسْهُم

تَخْصِيص المَقَاعِد

تَخْصِيص الأَرَاضِي

تَخْصِيص المَهَام

تَخْصِيص الواجِهَة

تَخْصِيص المَبَالِغ

عبارات رایج

عَلَى وَجْهِ التَّخْصِيص

— Specifically or particularly. Used to narrow down a general statement.

أَتَحَدَّثُ عَنْ هَذَا المَشْرُوعِ عَلَى وَجْهِ التَّخْصِيصِ.

قَرَارُ التَّخْصِيص

— The official decision of allocation. Used in legal and administrative contexts.

صَدَرَ قَرَارُ التَّخْصِيصِ مِنَ الوَزِيرِ.

تَخْصِيصُ المَهَامِ

— Assigning roles. Common in project management.

نَبْدَأُ الاِجْتِمَاعَ بِتَخْصِيصِ المَهَامِ.

تَخْصِيصُ الاِعْتِمَادَاتِ

— Allocating credits or funds. Used in banking and government finance.

تَمَّ تَخْصِيصُ الاِعْتِمَادَاتِ اللازِمَةِ.

قَابِل لِلتَّخْصِيص

— Customizable. Common in tech and product descriptions.

هَذَا البَرْنَامَجُ قَابِلٌ لِلتَّخْصِيصِ بِالكَامِلِ.

تَخْصِيصُ المَكَانِ

— Designating a physical space for a purpose.

تَخْصِيصُ مَكَانٍ لِلصَّلاةِ.

تَخْصِيصُ الأَرْبَاحِ

— Allocating profits among partners or shareholders.

اِتَّفَقْنَا عَلَى آلِيَّةِ تَخْصِيصِ الأَرْبَاحِ.

تَخْصِيصُ المِلْكِيَّةِ

— Designating ownership, often in the context of privatization.

تَخْصِيصُ مِلْكِيَّةِ الشَّرِكَةِ لِلْمُوَظَّفِينَ.

بِدُونِ تَخْصِيص

— Without specification; generally.

تَحَدَّثَ عَنِ الجَمِيعِ بِدُونِ تَخْصِيصٍ.

مَعَايِيرُ التَّخْصِيص

— Allocation criteria. The rules used to decide who gets what.

مَا هِيَ مَعَايِيرُ تَخْصِيصِ السَّكَنِ؟

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

تَخْصِيص vs تَخَصُّص

Means academic specialization or major. Takhsis is the act of allocating.

تَخْصِيص vs خُصُوصِيَّة

Means privacy or a specific trait. Takhsis is an action, not a state.

تَخْصِيص vs تَحْدِيد

Means defining or limiting. While similar, takhsis specifically implies setting aside for a use.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"تَخْصِيصُ الذِّكْرِ"

— To make a special mention of something or someone within a larger list.

ذَكَرَ الفَرِيقَ وَخَصَّصَ الذِّكْرَ لِلْمُدَرِّبِ.

Formal/Literary

"تَخْصِيصُ الوَقْتِ وَالجُهْدِ"

— Dedicating everything to a cause; full commitment.

خَصَّصَ كُلَّ وَقْتِهِ وَجُهْدِهِ لِلْعِلْمِ.

Neutral

"تَخْصِيصُ الحَدِيثِ"

— Directing one's speech specifically to someone.

خَصَّصَ حَدِيثَهُ لِلشَّبَابِ.

Formal

"تَخْصِيصُ المَشَاعِرِ"

— Reserving one's feelings for a specific person (poetic).

تَخْصِيصُ الحُبِّ لِشَخْصٍ وَاحِدٍ.

Literary

"تَخْصِيصُ المَسَارِ"

— Earmarking a path or career for someone.

تَمَّ تَخْصِيصُ مَسَارٍ مِهْنِيٍّ لَهُ.

Professional

"تَخْصِيصُ العَطَاءِ"

— Giving specifically to those in need, not generally.

يُفَضِّلُ تَخْصِيصَ العَطَاءِ لِلأَيْتَامِ.

Neutral

"تَخْصِيصُ الجَائِزَةِ"

— Setting a prize specifically for a certain category.

تَمَّ تَخْصِيصُ جَائِزَةٍ لِلإِبْدَاعِ.

Neutral

"تَخْصِيصُ النَّفَقَةِ"

— Designating maintenance or alimony in legal terms.

قَرَّرَ القَاضِي تَخْصِيصَ نَفَقَةٍ لِلأَطْفَالِ.

Legal

"تَخْصِيصُ المَوَارِدِ البَشَرِيَّةِ"

— The strategic placement of staff members.

يَهْتَمُّ القِسْمُ بِتَخْصِيصِ المَوَارِدِ البَشَرِيَّةِ.

Business

"تَخْصِيصُ الحَيِّزِ"

— Allocating space, often used in urban planning.

تَخْصِيصُ حَيِّزٍ عُمْرَانِيٍّ جَدِيدٍ.

Technical

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

تَخْصِيص vs تَخَصُّص

Phonetic similarity and shared root.

Takhassus is a noun for a field of study; Takhsis is a noun for the act of earmarking.

تَخَصُّصِي هُوَ الهَنْدَسَةُ، لَكِنْ تَمَّ تَخْصِيصُ مَكْتَبٍ لِي.

تَخْصِيص vs تَوْزِيع

Both involve resources.

Tawzi involves spreading out; Takhsis involves earmarking for one specific thing.

تَوْزِيعُ الطَّعَامِ عَلَى الكُلِّ، وَتَخْصِيصُ وَجْبَةٍ لِلْمَرِيضِ.

تَخْصِيص vs حَجْز

Both mean 'reserving' in a way.

Hajz is for commercial bookings (hotel, flight); Takhsis is for administrative or personal designation.

حَجْزُ غُرْفَةٍ، لَكِنْ تَخْصِيصُ مِيزَانِيَّةٍ.

تَخْصِيص vs تَعْيِين

Both mean 'designating'.

Tayin is usually for people/roles; Takhsis is for things/funds.

تَعْيِينُ مُوَظَّفٍ، وَتَخْصِيصُ رَاتِبٍ لَهُ.

تَخْصِيص vs تَحْدِيد

Both mean 'specifying'.

Tahdid is defining boundaries; Takhsis is dedicating for a function.

تَحْدِيدُ مَوْعِدٍ، وَتَخْصِيصُ وَقْتٍ لِلنِّقَاشِ.

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

أُرِيدُ تَخْصِيصَ [Noun] لِـ [Person].

أُرِيدُ تَخْصِيصَ هَدِيَّةٍ لِأُمِّي.

يَجِبُ تَخْصِيصُ [Noun] لِـ [Purpose].

يَجِبُ تَخْصِيصُ مَكَانٍ لِلسَّيَّارَةِ.

تَمَّ تَخْصِيصُ [Noun] لِلْمَشْرُوعِ.

تَمَّ تَخْصِيصُ مَبْلَغٍ لِلْمَشْرُوعِ.

يُمْكِنُكَ تَخْصِيصُ [Technical Term] مِنْ هُنَا.

يُمْكِنُكَ تَخْصِيصُ نِغْمَةِ الرَّنِينِ مِنْ هُنَا.

سُوءُ تَخْصِيصِ [Noun] يُؤَدِّي إِلَى [Result].

سُوءُ تَخْصِيصِ المَوَارِدِ يُؤَدِّي إِلَى الخَسَارَةِ.

قَرَارُ تَخْصِيصِ [Noun] يَعْكِسُ [Abstract Concept].

قَرَارُ تَخْصِيصِ المِيزَانِيَّةِ يَعْكِسُ أَوْلَوِيَّاتِ الحُكُومَةِ.

عَلَى وَجْهِ التَّخْصِيصِ، نَجِدُ أَنَّ...

عَلَى وَجْهِ التَّخْصِيصِ، نَجِدُ أَنَّ النِّسَاءَ أَكْثَرُ تَأَثُّرًا.

تَخْصِيصُ [Noun] يُمَثِّلُ تَحَدِّيًا فِي ظِلِّ [Condition].

تَخْصِيصُ المَوَارِدِ يُمَثِّلُ تَحَدِّيًا فِي ظِلِّ الأَزْمَةِ.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

خُصُوصِيَّة Privacy/Specialty

خَاصِّيَّة Property/Characteristic

تَخَصُّص Specialization/Major

خُصُوص Particularity

فعل‌ها

خَصَّصَ To allocate/To designate (Form II)

تَخَصَّصَ To specialize (Form V)

خَصَّ To concern/To be specific to (Form I)

صفت‌ها

خَاصّ Special/Private

مُخَصَّص Allocated/Designated

مُتَخَصِّص Specialized/Expert

مرتبط

برای دیدن همه مثال‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

نحوه استفاده

frequency

Highly frequent in media, business, and technology.

اشتباهات رایج

Saying 'Takhṣīṣī fī al-jāmi'ah' for your major. → Takhaṣṣuṣī fī al-jāmi'ah.
Takhsis is for allocation; Takhasus is for specialization.
Using 'fi' instead of 'li' after Takhsis. → Takhṣīṣ al-māl lil-mashrūʿ.
You allocate money *for* a project, not *in* it.
Pronouncing it 'takh-sees' with a light 's'. → Takh-ṣīṣ with a heavy 'ṣ'.
The 'ṣād' is an emphatic letter and changes the word's character.
Using 'Takhṣīṣ' for booking a flight. → Hajz.
'Hajz' is the standard word for commercial reservations.
Confusing 'Takhṣīṣ' with 'Khuṣūṣ'. → Bi-khuṣūṣ (regarding) vs Takhṣīṣ (allocation).
Khuṣūṣ is usually part of a prepositional phrase, not an action noun.

نکات

Mastering the Idafa

Always pair 'takhṣīṣ' with the resource in an Idafa structure. For example, 'takhṣīṣ al-waqt' (time allocation). This is the most natural way to use the word in professional writing.

Root Recognition

Whenever you see the letters Kh-S-S, think 'Special'. This will help you remember that 'takhṣīṣ' is about making a special designation for something.

The Emphatic 'S'

Practice the 'ṣ' sound. If you say it like a regular 's', it might sound like a different word. Keep your tongue low and the sound heavy.

News Awareness

Watch the economic news. You will hear 'takhṣīṣ' every time a budget is mentioned. This is the best way to hear the word used in its natural, formal habitat.

App Settings

Change your phone's language to Arabic for a day. You will see 'takhṣīṣ' in the display and notification settings, which will cement its meaning as 'customization'.

Formal Reports

In business reports, use 'takhṣīṣāt' (plural) to refer to different budget lines. It sounds much more professional than using 'money for' repeatedly.

Distinguish from Takhasus

In fast speech, 'takhṣīṣ' and 'takhaṣṣuṣ' sound similar. Listen for the 'i' sound vs the 'u' sound at the end. Takh-ṣīṣ (long i) vs Takhaṣ-ṣuṣ (short u).

Legal Precision

In contracts, 'takhṣīṣ' is used to avoid ambiguity. If you are translating a contract, 'allocation' or 'designation' are usually the best English equivalents.

The 'Choice' Connection

Think of 'Takh-ṣīṣ' as making a 'Choice'. You are choosing exactly where a resource goes. The 'ch' sound isn't there, but the logic is!

Religious Context

If you study Islamic law, 'takhṣīṣ' is a key term for interpreting texts. It means specifying a general rule, which shows the word's importance in logical reasoning.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of 'Takh-ṣīṣ' as 'Tax-Seize'. When the government 'seizes' taxes, they must then 'Takhṣīṣ' (allocate) them to different departments. Takhṣīṣ is the plan for the money.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a big cake (the budget) and a person putting a small flag with a name on one specific slice. That act of flagging is 'takhṣīṣ'.

شبکه واژگان

Special (Khāṣṣ) Privacy (Khuṣūṣiyyah) Allocation (Takhṣīṣ) Specialization (Takhaṣṣuṣ) Especially (Khuṣūṣan) Designated (Mukhaṣṣaṣ) Expert (Mutakhaṣṣiṣ) Property (Khāṣṣiyyah)

چالش

Try to use 'takhṣīṣ' in three different ways today: once for your time, once for your money, and once for a setting on your phone.

ریشه کلمه

The word comes from the Arabic root Kh-S-S (خ-ص-ص), which is ancient and central to Semitic languages. This root primarily carries the meaning of being special, distinct, or choosing something above others.

معنای اصلی: To distinguish one thing from another or to make something private/exclusive.

Semitic / Afroasiatic

بافت فرهنگی

When discussing 'takhṣīṣ' as privatization, be aware that it can be a politically sensitive topic regarding job security and public services.

In English, we use different words: 'allocation' for money, 'customization' for tech, and 'designation' for roles. Arabic uses 'takhṣīṣ' for all three.

The 'National Center for Privatization' in Saudi Arabia (al-markaz al-watani lil-takhsis). Legal texts regarding 'Takhṣīṣ al-Waqf' (Endowment designation). Software menus in Arabic versions of Microsoft Office.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Government/Economics

تَخْصِيص المِيزَانِيَّة
تَخْصِيص المَوَارِد
قَرَار التَّخْصِيص
التَّخْصِيصَات المَالِيَّة

Technology

تَخْصِيص الإِعْدَادَات
تَخْصِيص الواجِهَة
قَابِل لِلتَّخْصِيص
تَخْصِيص المَظْهَر

Education

تَخْصِيص وَقْت لِلدِّرَاسَة
تَخْصِيص مَقَاعِد
تَخْصِيص جَوَائِز
تَخْصِيص مَهَام

Legal

تَخْصِيص الأَرْبَاح
تَخْصِيص المِلْكِيَّة
تَخْصِيص الأَرَاضِي
تَخْصِيص النَّفَقَة

Personal Productivity

تَخْصِيص وَقْت لِلرِّيَاضَة
تَخْصِيص مَكَان لِلْعَمَل
تَخْصِيص مَبْلَغ لِلاِدِّخَار
تَخْصِيص جُهْد

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"كَيْفَ تَقُومُ بِتَخْصِيصِ وَقْتِكَ لِتَعَلُّمِ اللُّغَاتِ؟ (How do you allocate your time for learning languages?)"

"هَلْ تَعْتَقِدُ أَنَّ تَخْصِيصَ القِطَاعِ العَامِّ فِكْرَةٌ جَيِّدَةٌ؟ (Do you think privatization of the public sector is a good idea?)"

"مَا هِيَ أَهَمُّ الإِعْدَادَاتِ الَّتِي تُحِبُّ تَخْصِيصَهَا فِي هَاتِفِكَ؟ (What are the most important settings you like to customize on your phone?)"

"كَيْفَ يُمْكِنُ لِلشَّرِكَاتِ تَحْسِينُ تَخْصِيصِ المَوَارِدِ؟ (How can companies improve resource allocation?)"

"هَلْ تُفَضِّلُ تَخْصِيصَ مَكَانٍ هَادِئٍ لِلْعَمَلِ أَمْ تَعْمَلُ فِي أَيِّ مَكَانٍ؟ (Do you prefer designating a quiet place for work or working anywhere?)"

موضوعات نگارش

اُكْتُبْ عَنْ كَيْفِيَّةِ تَخْصِيصِ مِيزَانِيَّتِكَ الشَّهْرِيَّةِ. (Write about how you allocate your monthly budget.)

صِفْ كَيْفَ قُمْتَ بِتَخْصِيصِ غُرْفَتِكَ لِتُعَبِّرَ عَنْ شَخْصِيَّتِكَ. (Describe how you customized your room to express your personality.)

نَاقِشْ أَهَمِّيَّةَ تَخْصِيصِ وَقْتٍ لِلرَّاحَةِ وَالصِّحَّةِ النَّفْسِيَّةِ. (Discuss the importance of allocating time for rest and mental health.)

تَخَيَّلْ أَنَّكَ مُدِيرُ مَشْرُوعٍ؛ كَيْفَ سَتَقُومُ بِتَخْصِيصِ المَهَامِّ؟ (Imagine you are a project manager; how would you allocate tasks?)

مَا هُوَ رَأْيُكَ فِي تَخْصِيصِ جَوَائِزَ لِلأَطْفَالِ لِتَشْجِيعِهِمْ؟ (What is your opinion on designating prizes for children to encourage them?)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

No, while it is very common for budgets and funds, it is also used for time, physical space, and software customization. It essentially means earmarking any resource for a specific purpose.

No, the correct word for that is 'takhaṣṣuṣ'. Using 'takhṣīṣ' would imply you were 'allocated' to a major by an authority, which is rare in conversation.

It is more common in formal or semi-formal contexts. In very casual speech, people might use the verb 'khassas' or simpler words like 'khalla' (to leave/keep) or 'hajaz' (to book).

'Khaskhasah' is specifically 'privatization' (selling state assets to the private sector). 'Takhṣīṣ' is a broader term for 'allocation,' though it is sometimes used as a synonym for privatization in academic texts.

'Takhṣīṣ' is the standard word. For example, 'takhṣīṣ al-i'dādāt' means 'customizing settings' in apps and software.

It is a masculine noun (takhṣīṣun). However, its plural 'takhṣīṣāt' is a sound feminine plural.

Usually, no. You use 'taʿyīn' for appointing people. You 'takhṣīṣ' things (money, time, objects) for people or purposes.

The preposition 'li-' (for) is most common. For example: 'takhṣīṣ al-māl lil-mashrūʿ' (allocating money for the project).

It means 'time allocation' or 'setting aside time.' It is a key phrase in productivity and study habits.

It ends with the letter 'ṣād' (ص), so it should be transliterated with a dot under the 's' to show it is an emphatic, heavy sound.

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