shaping در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Shaping is the active process of giving form or direction to something, whether physical or abstract.
- It is commonly used in art, science, business, and psychology to describe development and influence.
- The word functions as both a continuous verb form and a noun (gerund) representing a process.
- It implies intentionality and ongoing change rather than a finished, static state.
The word shaping is a versatile term that functions as both the present participle of the verb 'to shape' and as a gerund (a noun formed from a verb). At its core, shaping refers to the active process of giving a specific form, character, or direction to something. This can be a literal, physical action—like a potter using their hands to mold wet clay into a vase—or a figurative, abstract process—like a teacher influencing the mind and character of a student. In modern English, we use 'shaping' to describe how external forces, internal decisions, and environmental factors combine to create a final result. It implies a degree of intentionality and ongoing progress; something is being 'shaped' because it is still in a state of change. When you hear people talk about 'shaping the future,' they are suggesting that our actions today are the tools that will determine what tomorrow looks like.
- Physical Context
- Refers to the manual or mechanical manipulation of material. Examples include woodworking, metalworking, or even gardening where one is shaping a hedge.
- Abstract Context
- Refers to the influence on ideas, policies, or personalities. For instance, 'shaping public opinion' involves using media and rhetoric to change how people think.
The mentor played a crucial role in shaping the young entrepreneur's vision for the company.
In professional environments, 'shaping' is often used in strategic planning. Leaders talk about 'shaping the market' or 'shaping the organizational culture.' This usage suggests that the leader is not just reacting to what happens, but is proactively building the environment they want to see. In psychological terms, 'shaping' is a specific technique used in behavior modification where successive approximations of a desired behavior are reinforced. This highlights the word's connection to gradual, step-by-step progress. Whether you are shaping a piece of wood or shaping a political movement, the word carries a sense of craftsmanship and deliberate effort. It is a word of power because it suggests that the outcome is not yet fixed and can be altered by the 'shaper.'
New technologies are rapidly shaping the way we communicate with one another across borders.
- Developmental Context
- Used in child development or education to describe the influence of parents and teachers on a child's growth.
By shaping the curriculum to meet modern needs, the school improved student engagement.
Using 'shaping' correctly requires understanding its role as a continuous action. Because it ends in '-ing,' it often appears in the progressive tenses (is shaping, was shaping, will be shaping) or as a gerund acting as the subject or object of a sentence. When used as a verb, it requires an object—you must be shaping *something*. For example, 'She is shaping' feels incomplete, whereas 'She is shaping the dough' is a complete thought. As a gerund, it can stand alone: 'Shaping is a difficult art.' This versatility allows you to place 'shaping' in various parts of a sentence to shift the focus from the person doing the action to the action itself.
- As a Continuous Verb
- The government is currently shaping a new policy regarding renewable energy sources.
- As a Gerund (Noun)
- The shaping of the landscape took millions of years of volcanic activity and erosion.
We are shaping the clay into small bowls for the community art project.
In more advanced writing, 'shaping' is often paired with abstract nouns like 'destiny,' 'identity,' or 'narrative.' For instance, 'The media is shaping the narrative around the election.' This implies that the media is not just reporting facts but is actively constructing a specific version of the story. You can also use 'shaping' in the passive voice, though it is less common: 'The policy is being shaped by various interest groups.' This emphasizes that the policy is the recipient of the influence. When writing, consider the 'shaper'—is it a person, a force of nature, or a social trend? Identifying the shaper helps clarify the sentence's meaning.
The experience of living abroad was instrumental in shaping his worldview.
- With Prepositions
- Commonly used with 'into' (shaping into a circle) or 'by' (shaping by hand).
Are you shaping the bushes into the shapes of animals again?
You will encounter 'shaping' in a wide variety of real-world contexts, ranging from the artistic to the scientific. In the world of art and design, 'shaping' is a fundamental term. You'll hear it in pottery studios, fashion design ateliers (shaping a garment to the body), and architectural firms. In these settings, it refers to the literal creation of form. However, if you switch to a news broadcast or a political podcast, the word takes on a more metaphorical meaning. Analysts often discuss how events are 'shaping the political landscape' or how a candidate's speech is 'shaping the debate.' Here, it refers to the power to define the boundaries and terms of a discussion.
- In Science and Nature
- Geologists speak of 'shaping the earth' through tectonic movements, while biologists might discuss 'shaping the evolution' of a species through environmental pressures.
- In Business and Tech
- Tech companies claim to be 'shaping the future of AI,' implying they are the primary innovators and influencers in the field.
The documentary explores how social media is shaping the self-esteem of teenagers today.
In education and parenting, 'shaping' is a very common term. Teachers talk about 'shaping young minds,' which sounds noble and impactful. It suggests that the educator has a significant responsibility in determining the future character of their students. Similarly, in sports, a coach might talk about 'shaping the team's strategy' for an upcoming game. In all these instances, the word 'shaping' conveys a sense of active, ongoing construction. It is rarely used for something that happens by accident; it almost always implies a force—whether human, social, or natural—that is exerting pressure to achieve a specific outcome.
The CEO is focused on shaping a more inclusive culture within the workplace.
The wind and rain have been shaping these rock formations for centuries.
One of the most common mistakes learners make with 'shaping' is confusing it with 'forming' or 'making.' While they are related, 'shaping' specifically implies a process of modification or refinement of something that already exists or is in the process of being created. You 'make' a cake (start to finish), but you 'shape' the dough (a specific step in the process). Another mistake is using 'shaping' when 'shipping' or 'shopping' was intended, due to similar spelling. Phonetically, ensure you emphasize the 'sh' and the long 'a' sound (/ˈʃeɪpɪŋ/) to avoid confusion with 'shipping' (/ˈʃɪpɪŋ/).
- Shaping vs. Forming
- 'Forming' often refers to the initial creation of a group or structure (e.g., forming a committee), while 'shaping' refers to influencing its character once it exists.
- Misuse of Prepositions
- Learners sometimes say 'shaping to' instead of 'shaping into.' Correct: 'Shaping the clay into a bowl.'
Incorrect: He is shaping a new company. (Better: He is forming a new company, then shaping its culture.)
Another subtle error involves the phrasal verb 'shape up.' Some learners use 'shaping' when they mean 'shaping up' (improving behavior or health). For example, 'He is shaping' is incorrect if you mean 'He is getting in shape.' You must say 'He is getting into shape' or 'He is shaping up.' Additionally, be careful with the word 'shapely,' which is an adjective describing a pleasing physical form, usually of a person. Using 'shaping' as an adjective in that context would be a mistake. 'Shaping' is almost always an action or the name of a process.
Correct: The sculptor is shaping the marble. Incorrect: The marble is shaping. (Marble cannot shape itself; it must be shaped.)
Depending on the context, several words can replace 'shaping' to provide more precision. If you are talking about physical objects, 'molding,' 'sculpting,' or 'fashioning' are excellent alternatives. 'Molding' suggests the use of a template or mold, while 'sculpting' implies a more artistic, subtractive process (like carving stone). 'Fashioning' is a slightly more formal or old-fashioned way to describe making something with skill. In abstract contexts, you might use 'influencing,' 'molding,' 'guiding,' or 'determining.'
- Molding
- Often used for character or physical materials like plastic. 'Molding the next generation.'
- Influencing
- A more general term for having an effect on something. 'Influencing the outcome.'
- Sculpting
- Used for high-art or very precise physical changes. 'Sculpting his physique at the gym.'
While 'shaping' is general, 'tailoring' is better when you mean adjusting something to fit a specific need.
In a technical or scientific context, you might use 'configuring' or 'modulating.' For example, 'configuring the software' or 'modulating the signal.' These words are more specific than 'shaping' and show a higher level of technical vocabulary. If you are talking about a person's life or career, 'forging' is a powerful alternative, as in 'forging a new path.' This implies a process that is difficult and requires heat or intense effort, much like a blacksmith at an anvil. Choosing the right alternative depends on whether you want to emphasize the art, the effort, the influence, or the technicality of the process.
The architect is shaping the skyline with her innovative building designs.
چقدر رسمی است؟
نکته جالب
The word 'shape' is related to the German word 'schöpfen', which means to create or to scoop (like water).
راهنمای تلفظ
- Pronouncing it like 'shipping' (short 'i' sound).
- Dropping the 'g' at the end (shapin').
- Over-emphasizing the 'p' sound.
- Confusing the 'sh' with a 'ch' sound.
- Making the 'a' sound too short.
سطح دشواری
Easy to recognize in context but has many abstract meanings.
Requires understanding of gerunds and continuous tenses.
Pronunciation is straightforward but must be distinguished from 'shipping'.
Clear sound, but context is needed to know if it's literal or figurative.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
Gerunds as Subjects
Shaping the future is our collective responsibility.
Present Continuous Tense
The artist is shaping the statue as we speak.
Participle Phrases
Shaping the clay with care, the potter smiled.
Passive Voice with 'Being'
The new law is being shaped by public feedback.
Gerunds after Prepositions
He is interested in shaping the new curriculum.
مثالها بر اساس سطح
The children are shaping the sand into a castle.
Les enfants façonnent le sable en château.
Present continuous tense.
She is shaping the dough for the bread.
Elle façonne la pâte pour le pain.
Subject + is + shaping + object.
Can you help me with shaping this clay?
Peux-tu m'aider à façonner cette argile ?
'Shaping' used as a gerund after 'with'.
He is shaping a heart out of paper.
Il façonne un cœur avec du papier.
Physical action.
We are shaping the snow into a snowman.
Nous façonnons la neige en bonhomme de neige.
Progressive action.
The artist is shaping a small bird.
L'artiste façonne un petit oiseau.
Focus on the creator.
Are you shaping the cookies now?
Est-ce que tu façonnes les biscuits maintenant ?
Question form.
I like shaping things with my hands.
J'aime façonner des choses avec mes mains.
'Shaping' as a gerund after 'like'.
The gardener is shaping the bushes.
Le jardinier taille les buissons.
Physical maintenance.
They are shaping a new plan for the party.
Ils élaborent un nouveau plan pour la fête.
Metaphorical shaping of a plan.
The coach is shaping the team for the big game.
L'entraîneur prépare l'équipe pour le grand match.
Influencing a group.
Shaping the wood takes a lot of time.
Façonner le bois prend beaucoup de temps.
Gerund as the subject.
She is shaping her hair into a bun.
Elle coiffe ses cheveux en chignon.
Personal grooming.
The river is shaping the valley.
La rivière façonne la vallée.
Natural process.
We spent the afternoon shaping the metal.
Nous avons passé l'après-midi à façonner le métal.
Past continuous context.
Is he shaping the story for the kids?
Est-ce qu'il adapte l'histoire pour les enfants ?
Abstract shaping of a narrative.
Social media is shaping how we see ourselves.
Les réseaux sociaux façonnent la façon dont nous nous voyons.
Abstract influence.
The mentor is shaping the student's career path.
Le mentor façonne le parcours professionnel de l'étudiant.
Guidance and development.
Our childhood experiences are shaping our adult lives.
Nos expériences d'enfance façonnent nos vies d'adultes.
Long-term influence.
The government is shaping a new environmental policy.
Le gouvernement élabore une nouvelle politique environnementale.
Formal/Professional usage.
Shaping a successful business requires hard work.
Façonner une entreprise prospère exige du travail acharné.
Gerund as subject.
Are these events shaping your opinion on the matter?
Ces événements influencent-ils votre opinion sur la question ?
Influencing thought.
The wind is shaping the sand dunes in the desert.
Le vent façonne les dunes de sable dans le désert.
Natural force.
She is shaping her argument for the debate.
Elle prépare son argument pour le débat.
Intellectual preparation.
Technological advancements are shaping the global economy.
Les avancées technologiques façonnent l'économie mondiale.
Macro-level influence.
The architect is shaping the urban landscape with modern designs.
L'architecte façonne le paysage urbain avec des designs modernes.
Professional impact.
Cultural traditions are shaping the community's identity.
Les traditions culturelles façonnent l'identité de la communauté.
Sociological context.
The media plays a huge role in shaping public perception.
Les médias jouent un rôle énorme dans le façonnement de la perception du public.
Gerund after a preposition.
They are shaping the future of medicine through research.
Ils façonnent l'avenir de la médecine par la recherche.
Visionary action.
The author is shaping the characters' destinies in the final chapter.
L'auteur façonne le destin des personnages dans le dernier chapitre.
Literary creation.
Is the internet shaping our brains in a negative way?
Internet façonne-t-il nos cerveaux de manière négative ?
Critical inquiry.
The company is shaping its brand to appeal to younger consumers.
L'entreprise façonne sa marque pour plaire aux jeunes consommateurs.
Strategic branding.
The discourse surrounding climate change is shaping international law.
Le discours entourant le changement climatique façonne le droit international.
Academic/Legal context.
Socio-economic factors are shaping the distribution of wealth.
Les facteurs socio-économiques façonnent la répartition des richesses.
Complex systems.
The philosopher's ideas were instrumental in shaping modern ethics.
Les idées du philosophe ont contribué à façonner l'éthique moderne.
Historical/Intellectual influence.
We must consider the ethical implications of shaping human genetics.
Nous devons considérer les implications éthiques du façonnement de la génétique humaine.
Gerund in a complex noun phrase.
The director is shaping the audience's emotional response through lighting.
Le réalisateur façonne la réponse émotionnelle du public grâce à l'éclairage.
Artistic manipulation.
Globalization is shaping the way we perceive national borders.
La mondialisation façonne la façon dont nous percevons les frontières nationales.
Perceptual change.
The shaping of public opinion requires a sophisticated understanding of psychology.
Le façonnement de l'opinion publique exige une compréhension sophistiquée de la psychologie.
Formal gerund phrase.
Artificial intelligence is shaping the future of labor markets.
L'intelligence artificielle façonne l'avenir des marchés du travail.
Technological impact.
The inexorable march of time is shaping the very fabric of our reality.
La marche inexorable du temps façonne le tissu même de notre réalité.
Highly metaphorical.
He argued that language is not just a tool for communication, but a force shaping thought itself.
Il a soutenu que le langage n'est pas seulement un outil de communication, mais une force qui façonne la pensée elle-même.
Linguistic determinism context.
The intricate shaping of the legal framework took decades of scholarly debate.
Le façonnement complexe du cadre juridique a nécessité des décennies de débats érudits.
Complex noun phrase.
In her poetry, she explores the shaping of identity through the lens of exile.
Dans sa poésie, elle explore le façonnement de l'identité à travers le prisme de l'exil.
Literary analysis.
The dialectical process of shaping and being shaped defines the human condition.
Le processus dialectique de façonner et d'être façonné définit la condition humaine.
Philosophical paradox.
The subtle shaping of historical narratives can alter a nation's collective memory.
Le façonnement subtil des récits historiques peut altérer la mémoire collective d'une nation.
Critical historiography.
The artist's obsession with the shaping of light led to a new movement in painting.
L'obsession de l'artiste pour le façonnement de la lumière a conduit à un nouveau mouvement pictural.
Aesthetic theory.
The geopolitical forces shaping the century are becoming increasingly volatile.
Les forces géopolitiques qui façonnent le siècle deviennent de plus en plus volatiles.
Global strategy.
مترادفها
متضادها
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— Improving behavior, performance, or physical fitness.
He needs to start shaping up if he wants to keep his job.
— To start to develop a clear form or structure.
The new project is finally starting to take shaping.
— Leading or influencing how something is done.
This company is shaping the way we use technology.
— Creating something manually without machines.
The artisan is shaping the bowl by hand.
— Influencing the thoughts and development of others.
Teachers are shaping the minds of the next generation.
— Having a global impact or influence.
Great leaders are remembered for shaping the world.
— Working to create a lasting impact after one is gone.
He is focused on shaping a legacy of philanthropy.
— Altering the physical or social surroundings.
Urban planning is about shaping the environment for people.
— Determining how a situation will end.
Your vote is vital in shaping the outcome of the election.
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
Similar spelling but means sending goods.
Similar spelling but means buying things.
Related but 'shaping' implies more refinement of an existing thing.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— Improve your performance or leave the organization.
The manager told the lazy employee to shape up or ship out.
informal— To bring something or someone into a satisfactory condition through hard work.
We need to lick this proposal into shape before the meeting.
informal— An indication of how things will develop in the future.
This new prototype is the shape of things to come.
neutral— In any way at all (used for emphasis).
I do not support this plan in any way, shape, or form.
neutral— To become very angry or upset, often over something small.
Don't get all bent out of shape just because I'm late.
informal— To start to develop a clear and fixed form.
The garden is finally starting to take shape.
neutral— Not physically fit or healthy.
I'm so out of shape I can't even run a mile.
informal— To maintain physical fitness through exercise.
She goes to the gym every day to keep in shape.
neutral— A wide variety of types or people.
The festival attracts people of all shapes and sizes.
neutral— In good order; tidy and clean.
I want this house to be shipshape before the guests arrive.
neutralبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Both involve creating something.
Forming is often the start; shaping is the refinement and influence over time.
We are forming a team and then shaping its culture.
General word for creation.
Making is broad; shaping is specific to form and character.
I am making a cake, but I am shaping the icing.
Very close synonyms.
Molding often implies a mold or template; shaping is more free-form.
He is molding the plastic in a machine, but shaping the wood by hand.
Both involve physical form.
Sculpting is usually artistic; shaping can be natural or functional.
The wind is shaping the rocks, but the artist is sculpting the stone.
Both involve abstract change.
Influencing is the power; shaping is the process of the change occurring.
Her ideas are influencing me and shaping my future.
الگوهای جملهسازی
I am shaping [noun].
I am shaping the clay.
[Noun] is shaping [noun].
The river is shaping the rocks.
[Noun] is shaping how [clause].
Travel is shaping how I see the world.
The shaping of [noun] takes [time].
The shaping of a new policy takes months.
[Abstract Noun] is instrumental in shaping [abstract noun].
Culture is instrumental in shaping identity.
The dialectic of shaping and [verb]ing...
The dialectic of shaping and being shaped is central to art.
By shaping [noun], we can [verb].
By shaping the debate, we can win the election.
There is a focus on shaping [noun].
There is a focus on shaping a more inclusive society.
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
صفتها
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
Common in both spoken and written English.
-
He is shapeing the clay.
→
He is shaping the clay.
Always drop the 'e' before adding '-ing'.
-
The weather is shipping the coast.
→
The weather is shaping the coast.
Confusing 'shaping' with 'shipping' (sending goods).
-
I am shaping to a doctor.
→
I am becoming a doctor / I am shaping my career to become a doctor.
'Shaping' needs an object; it's not a synonym for 'becoming' on its own.
-
The shaping of the team were good.
→
The shaping of the team was good.
'Shaping' is a singular gerund, so it takes a singular verb.
-
He is getting shaping.
→
He is getting into shape / He is shaping up.
'Shaping' is an action, not a state of fitness.
نکات
Be Specific
When using 'shaping' in an abstract sense, always clarify *what* is being shaped and *by what* force.
Gerund Use
Remember that 'shaping' can be the subject of your sentence: 'Shaping the future requires courage.'
Synonym Choice
Use 'sculpting' for art, 'molding' for character, and 'influencing' for ideas to sound more like a native speaker.
The Long A
Practice the long 'a' sound (/eɪ/) to ensure you aren't saying 'shipping'.
Natural Forces
Use 'shaping' when describing how the environment changes over long periods of time.
Power Word
In resumes, use 'shaping' to show you had a creative or influential role in a project.
Shape Up
Use 'shape up' when you want to tell someone to improve their attitude or work.
Active Voice
Prefer 'The wind is shaping the dunes' over 'The dunes are being shaped by the wind' for more impact.
Visualizing
Always visualize the process of change when you use this word; it helps cement the meaning.
Spelling
Never keep the 'e' when adding 'ing'. It is always 'shaping,' never 'shapeing'.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Think of a 'SHAPE' and add 'ING' to show the action of making that shape. S-H-A-P-E-I-N-G.
تداعی تصویری
Imagine a potter's hands gently pressing on a spinning piece of clay, slowly turning it into a beautiful bowl.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Try to use 'shaping' in three different ways today: once for a physical object, once for a plan, and once for an opinion.
ریشه کلمه
Derived from the Old English word 'scieppan', which meant to create, form, or destine. It has roots in Proto-Germanic '*skapjan'.
معنای اصلی: To create or bring into existence.
Germanicبافت فرهنگی
Generally a neutral and safe word to use in all contexts.
Commonly used in political speeches and corporate mission statements.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Art and Crafts
- shaping clay
- shaping wood
- shaping metal
- shaping the form
Politics and Society
- shaping public opinion
- shaping policy
- shaping the narrative
- shaping the debate
Education
- shaping young minds
- shaping the curriculum
- shaping the future
- shaping character
Business
- shaping a strategy
- shaping the market
- shaping company culture
- shaping a brand
Nature
- shaping the landscape
- shaping the earth
- shaping evolution
- shaping the coast
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"How do you think social media is shaping the way we communicate today?"
"Who has been the most influential person in shaping your career path?"
"In what ways are you shaping your own future right now?"
"Do you enjoy hobbies that involve shaping physical materials, like pottery or woodworking?"
"How is technology shaping the way children learn in schools?"
موضوعات نگارش
Reflect on a major life event that was instrumental in shaping who you are today.
Describe a project you are working on and how you are shaping its final outcome.
If you could have a hand in shaping one global policy, what would it be and why?
How do you feel about the media's role in shaping our perception of reality?
Write about a time you had to 'shape up' to meet a challenge or achieve a goal.
سوالات متداول
10 سوالIt can be both! As a verb, it's the present participle (e.g., 'He is shaping the clay'). As a noun, it's a gerund (e.g., 'The shaping of the clay was difficult').
Yes, but usually in an abstract way, like 'shaping someone's character' or 'shaping a team.' It means influencing their development.
It's a phrasal verb meaning to improve one's behavior, performance, or physical health. For example, 'You need to shape up if you want to pass the test.'
It is neutral. It can be used in casual conversation ('shaping cookies') and in very formal academic writing ('shaping public policy').
'Shape' is the base verb or the noun for the form itself. 'Shaping' is the action or process of creating that form.
Absolutely. We often say the wind, water, or time is 'shaping the landscape.'
Usually, it's neutral or positive, but it can be negative if it implies manipulation, like 'shaping the news to hide the truth.'
You drop the 'e' and add 'ing': S-H-A-P-I-N-G.
In business, you might use 'developing,' 'refining,' 'tailoring,' or 'strategizing' depending on the context.
It is rarely used as a direct adjective. Instead, we use 'shaped' (e.g., 'a heart-shaped box').
خودت رو بسنج 110 سوال
Write a sentence using 'shaping' to describe a physical activity.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence using 'shaping' to describe how a person influenced you.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Describe how your education is shaping your future career goals.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Listen to the sentence: 'We are shaping a new future for our children.' What is being shaped?
/ 110 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
The word 'shaping' is essential for describing how things grow and change under influence. For example, 'shaping the future' implies that our current actions are the tools used to build what is to come.
- Shaping is the active process of giving form or direction to something, whether physical or abstract.
- It is commonly used in art, science, business, and psychology to describe development and influence.
- The word functions as both a continuous verb form and a noun (gerund) representing a process.
- It implies intentionality and ongoing change rather than a finished, static state.
Be Specific
When using 'shaping' in an abstract sense, always clarify *what* is being shaped and *by what* force.
Gerund Use
Remember that 'shaping' can be the subject of your sentence: 'Shaping the future requires courage.'
Synonym Choice
Use 'sculpting' for art, 'molding' for character, and 'influencing' for ideas to sound more like a native speaker.
The Long A
Practice the long 'a' sound (/eɪ/) to ensure you aren't saying 'shipping'.
مثال
The sculptor is shaping the marble into a beautiful figure.
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر Actions
bites
B1او چند لقمه از کیک خود را می خورد.
trying
B2این چند ماه اخیر دوران بسیار سختی برای همه ما بوده است.
appear
A1خورشید صبح ظاهر میشود.
decided
B1من تصمیم گرفتم (decided) که به دانشگاه بروم.
combined
B1تلاشهای ترکیبی آنها منجر به موفقیت شد.
finish
A1من تکالیفم را تمام میکنم.
compose
A1او قبل از ورود به جلسه سعی کرد خودش را آرام کند و تمرکزش را بازیابد. این ترکیب از چندین عنصر شیمیایی مختلف تشکیل شده است.
ted
C2پهن کردن علف: زیر و رو کردن علف چیده شده برای خشک شدن. 'کشاورز علفها را پهن کرد تا خشک شوند.'
met
B1من دیروز دوست قدیمیام را در خیابان دیدم.
extend
B1تمدید کردن به معنای طولانیتر کردن چیزی در فضا یا زمان است، مانند تمدید مهلت.
