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Adjective Agreement: Gender

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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

In Gujarati, adjectives change their ending to match the gender and number of the noun they describe.

  • Masculine singular nouns: Adjective ends in -o (e.g., 'saro chhokro' - good boy).
  • Feminine nouns: Adjective ends in -i (e.g., 'sari chhokri' - good girl).
  • Plural or neutral nouns: Adjective ends in -a (e.g., 'sara chhokra' - good boys).
Adjective (-o/-i/-a) + Noun

Adjective Ending Patterns

Noun Gender Adjective Ending Example
Masculine
-o
Saro (Good)
Feminine
-i
Sari (Good)
Neuter
-u
Saru (Good)
Plural
-a
Sara (Good)

Meanings

Adjectives in Gujarati are not static; they must 'agree' with the noun they modify by changing their final vowel.

1

Masculine Singular

Used when describing a single male person or masculine object.

“સારો છોકરો (saro chhokro)”

“મોટો ઘર (moto ghar)”

2

Feminine Singular

Used when describing a single female person or feminine object.

“સારી છોકરી (sari chhokri)”

“મોટી પેન (moti pen)”

3

Plural / Oblique

Used for plural nouns or when the noun is in an oblique case.

“સારા છોકરાઓ (sara chhokrao)”

“મોટા ઘરો (mota gharo)”

Reference Table

Reference table for Adjective Agreement: Gender
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Adj + Noun
Saro chhokro
Negative
Nathi + Adj + Noun
Nathi saro chhokro
Question
Adj + Noun + chhe?
Saro chhokro chhe?
Plural
Adj(-a) + Noun
Sara chhokra
Invariable
Adj + Noun
Lal pen
Oblique
Adj(-a) + Noun
Sara chhokra-e

طیف رسمیت

رسمی
આ છોકરો સારો છે.

આ છોકરો સારો છે. (Describing a person)

خنثی
છોકરો સારો છે.

છોકરો સારો છે. (Describing a person)

غیر رسمی
છોકરો સારો છે!

છોકરો સારો છે! (Describing a person)

عامیانه
છોકરો જોરદાર છે!

છોકરો જોરદાર છે! (Describing a person)

Adjective Agreement Map

Adjective

Masculine

  • Saro Good

Feminine

  • Sari Good

Plural

  • Sara Good

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

આ સારો છોકરો છે.

This is a good boy.

2

આ સારી છોકરી છે.

This is a good girl.

3

આ મોટું ઘર છે.

This is a big house.

4

આ સારા પુસ્તકો છે.

These are good books.

1

તેણે નવી પેન ખરીદી.

She bought a new pen.

2

આ રસ્તો ખૂબ લાંબો છે.

This road is very long.

3

તેમની પાસે જૂની ગાડી છે.

They have an old car.

4

આ નાના બાળકો છે.

These are small children.

1

તેણે સુંદર ચિત્ર દોર્યું.

He drew a beautiful picture.

2

આ કાળી શાહી છે.

This is black ink.

3

તેઓ હોશિયાર વિદ્યાર્થીઓ છે.

They are smart students.

4

મને ગરમ ચા ગમે છે.

I like hot tea.

1

આ એક મહત્વપૂર્ણ નિર્ણય હતો.

This was an important decision.

2

તેની પાસે અદભૂત કલાત્મક દ્રષ્ટિ છે.

She has an amazing artistic vision.

3

આ પરિસ્થિતિ ખૂબ જ જટિલ છે.

This situation is very complex.

4

તેણે એક લાંબી અને રસપ્રદ વાર્તા કહી.

He told a long and interesting story.

1

તેની વાણીમાં એક અનોખી મધુરતા છે.

There is a unique sweetness in her speech.

2

આ એક અત્યંત પ્રભાવશાળી વ્યક્તિત્વ છે.

This is an extremely impressive personality.

3

તેણે ગહન વિચારણા પછી જવાબ આપ્યો.

He answered after deep consideration.

4

આ એક સર્વગ્રાહી અભિગમ છે.

This is a comprehensive approach.

1

તેની શૈલીમાં એક અકલ્પનીય ગરિમા છે.

There is an incredible dignity in his style.

2

આ એક ચિરંતન સત્ય છે.

This is an eternal truth.

3

તેણે એક અવિસ્મરણીય અનુભવ વર્ણવ્યો.

He described an unforgettable experience.

4

આ એક અતાર્કિક દલીલ છે.

This is an illogical argument.

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

Adjective Agreement: Gender در مقابل Neuter vs Masculine

Learners often mix up -u and -o.

Adjective Agreement: Gender در مقابل Invariable Adjectives

Learners try to change adjectives that don't change.

Adjective Agreement: Gender در مقابل Plural vs Oblique

Learners use -a for everything.

اشتباهات رایج

✗

Saro chhokri

✓

Sari chhokri

Masculine ending used for feminine noun.
✗

Sari chhokro

✓

Saro chhokro

Feminine ending used for masculine noun.
✗

Saro chhokra

✓

Sara chhokra

Singular ending used for plural.
✗

Saru chhokro

✓

Saro chhokro

Neuter ending used for masculine.
✗

Lalo pen

✓

Lal pen

Trying to force agreement on an invariable adjective.
✗

Moti ghar

✓

Motu ghar

Wrong gender for neuter noun.
✗

Sari pustako

✓

Sara pustako

Feminine ending for plural.
✗

Saro chhokra-e

✓

Sara chhokra-e

Missing oblique agreement.
✗

Mota chhokri

✓

Moti chhokri

Wrong agreement in complex sentence.
✗

Saru chhokra

✓

Sara chhokra

Neuter ending for plural.
✗

Saro vidushi

✓

Sari vidushi

Agreement with honorific noun.
✗

Mota mahila

✓

Moti mahila

Agreement with pluralized honorific.
✗

Saru kavi

✓

Saro kavi

Agreement with masculine poet.

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

આ ___ ___ છે.

શું આ ___ છે?

મને ___ ___ ગમે છે.

તેઓ ___ ___ છે.

Real World Usage

Social Media constant

આ ફોટો સારો છે!

Texting constant

કેમ છો? બધું સારું?

Job Interview common

આ એક મહત્વપૂર્ણ તક છે.

Ordering Food very common

મને ગરમ કોફી આપો.

Travel common

આ રસ્તો લાંબો છે.

Food Delivery common

ભોજન સારું છે.

💡

Check the Noun

Always look at the noun first. It tells you what the adjective should be.
⚠️

Don't Guess

If you don't know the gender, look it up. Don't guess.
🎯

Listen to Natives

Pay attention to how they end their adjectives.
💬

Be Polite

Using correct agreement shows respect for the language.

Smart Tips

Identify its ending first.

Saro pen → Sari pen

Always use -a.

Saro chhokra → Sara chhokra

Check if it's invariable.

Lalo pen → Lal pen

Use the most common gender if you must guess.

Saro chhokri → Sari chhokri

تلفظ

o, i, u, a

Vowel endings

Ensure the final vowel is clear and distinct.

Declarative

Sentence ends with a slight drop.

Statement of fact.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Remember the O-I-A rule: O for boy, I for girl, A for all (plural).

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a boy wearing an 'O' shaped shirt, a girl wearing an 'I' shaped necklace, and a group wearing an 'A' shaped banner.

Rhyme

Boy is O, Girl is I, Plural A, don't be shy!

Story

Ramesh is a good boy (saro). Sita is a good girl (sari). They are good friends (sara).

شبکه واژگان

sarosarisarusaramotomotimotumota

چالش

Look around your room and describe 3 objects using the correct gender ending.

نکات فرهنگی

Gender agreement is strictly followed in formal Gujarati, but colloquial speech may simplify.

Gujarati is an Indo-Aryan language; these endings descend from Sanskrit.

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

“

તમારું ઘર કેવું છે?

“

તમારી પેન કઈ છે?

“

તમારા મિત્રો કેવા છે?

“

તમને કેવું ભોજન ગમે છે?

موضوعات نگارش

Describe your best friend.
Describe your favorite room in your house.
Write about a trip you took.
Discuss the importance of education.

اشتباهات رایج

Incorrect

صحیح

Incorrect

صحیح

Incorrect

صحیح

Incorrect

صحیح

Test Yourself

Fill in the blank.

આ ___ છોકરો છે. (saro/sari)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: saro
Masculine noun.
Choose the correct adjective. چند گزینه‌ای

આ ___ છોકરી છે. (saro/sari)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: sari
Feminine noun.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

આ સારો છોકરી છે.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: આ સારી છોકરી છે.
Gender mismatch.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

Arrange the words in the correct order:

All words placed

Click words above to build the sentence

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: આ સારો છોકરો છે.
Correct word order.
Translate to Gujarati. ترجمه

This is a big house.

Answer starts with: આ મ...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: આ મોટું ઘર છે.
Neuter noun.
Match the adjective to the noun. جفت کردن

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Saro-Chhokro, Sari-Chhokri, Sara-Chhokra
Gender agreement.
Fill in the blank.

આ ___ પુસ્તકો છે. (sara/saro)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: sara
Plural noun.
Choose the correct adjective. چند گزینه‌ای

આ ___ પેન છે. (navi/navo)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: navi
Feminine noun.

Score: /8

تمرین‌های عملی

8 exercises
Fill in the blank.

આ ___ છોકરો છે. (saro/sari)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: saro
Masculine noun.
Choose the correct adjective. چند گزینه‌ای

આ ___ છોકરી છે. (saro/sari)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: sari
Feminine noun.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

આ સારો છોકરી છે.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: આ સારી છોકરી છે.
Gender mismatch.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

છે / સારો / છોકરો / આ

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: આ સારો છોકરો છે.
Correct word order.
Translate to Gujarati. ترجمه

This is a big house.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: આ મોટું ઘર છે.
Neuter noun.
Match the adjective to the noun. جفت کردن

Match: Saro, Sari, Sara with Chhokro, Chhokri, Chhokra

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Saro-Chhokro, Sari-Chhokri, Sara-Chhokra
Gender agreement.
Fill in the blank.

આ ___ પુસ્તકો છે. (sara/saro)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: sara
Plural noun.
Choose the correct adjective. چند گزینه‌ای

આ ___ પેન છે. (navi/navo)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: navi
Feminine noun.

Score: /8

سوالات متداول (8)

They change to agree with the noun's gender and number.

Check a dictionary or ask a native speaker.

No, some like 'lal' are invariable.

Usually ends in -u.

Yes, but sometimes people are lazy.

Yes, it's essential for professional speech.

It's very similar, but some endings differ.

Remembering the gender of every noun.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

Spanish high

Gender agreement

Gujarati has a third neuter gender.

French moderate

Gender agreement

Gujarati is more agglutinative.

German moderate

Adjective declension

German is much more complex with cases.

Japanese none

None

Japanese has no gender agreement.

Arabic moderate

Gender agreement

Arabic uses prefixes/suffixes differently.

Chinese none

None

Chinese is an isolating language.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Next
Adjective Agreement: Number

Related Grammar Rules

A1

Adjective Agreement: Number
A0

Basic Colors (Rang)
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