सुरक्षा करना
To protect, to safeguard.
सुरक्षा करना در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Suraksha Karna means 'to protect' or 'to safeguard' something actively.
- It is a compound verb requiring the feminine postposition 'ki' for the object.
- Commonly used in contexts of national security, digital privacy, and personal safety.
- Distinct from 'bachana' (to save), as it implies prevention rather than just rescue.
The Hindi verb सुरक्षा करना (surakshā karnā) is a compound verb that translates to 'to protect', 'to safeguard', or 'to secure'. It is composed of the noun सुरक्षा (security/protection) and the auxiliary verb करना (to do). In the landscape of Hindi linguistics, this term carries a weight of responsibility and active preservation. Unlike the simple act of 'saving' (बचाना), which often implies a rescue from an immediate crisis, सुरक्षा करना suggests a continuous, proactive effort to maintain the safety and integrity of a person, object, or abstract concept. It is the wall that stands before the threat arrives, the encryption that hides the data, and the legal framework that preserves rights.
- Etymological Root
- Derived from the Sanskrit 'Su' (good/well) and 'Raksh' (to protect). It implies a 'well-guarded' state.
- Grammatical Category
- Transitive Compound Verb (Sanyukt Kriya). It requires the postposition 'ki' (की) for its object.
- Semantic Range
- Covers physical guarding, digital security, environmental conservation, and legal safeguarding.
"सैनिक सीमा पर देश की सुरक्षा करते हैं।" (Soldiers protect the country at the border.)
To truly understand this word, one must look at its cultural resonance in India. It is not just a functional verb; it is a duty (Kartavya). When a parent says they are protecting their child, they use this word to denote a lifelong commitment to the child's well-being. In a modern context, you will find this word dominating headlines regarding 'Cyber Suraksha' (Cyber Security) or 'Mahila Suraksha' (Women's Safety). The verb implies a shield—a barrier between the vulnerable and the harmful. It is the action of being a 'Rakshak' (Protector).
"हमें अपने पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा करनी चाहिए।" (We must protect our environment.)
"पासवर्ड आपकी जानकारी की सुरक्षा करता है।" (The password protects your information.)
Furthermore, the verb is often paired with specific domains. For instance, 'Vittiya Suraksha' (Financial Security) or 'Khadya Suraksha' (Food Security). In each case, the verb 'karna' activates the noun 'suraksha', turning a concept into a tangible action. It is the difference between having a lock and actually locking the door. The 'karna' represents the turning of the key. It is an active, ongoing process rather than a one-time event.
"पुलिस नागरिकों की सुरक्षा करने के लिए तैनात है।" (The police are deployed to protect the citizens.)
"यह हेलमेट आपके सिर की सुरक्षा करेगा।" (This helmet will protect your head.)
Using सुरक्षा करना correctly requires an understanding of Hindi's postpositional system. Because 'सुरक्षा' is a feminine noun, the object being protected must be followed by the feminine possessive marker की (ki). This is the most common stumbling block for learners. You do not protect 'the' object directly; you do 'the protection of' the object.
1. The Standard Formula
The basic structure is: [Subject] + [Object] + की + सुरक्षा + [करना in correct tense].
- Present Continuous: मैं आपकी सुरक्षा कर रहा हूँ (I am protecting you).
- Past Simple: उसने मेरी सुरक्षा की (He/She protected me).
- Future Simple: हम आपकी सुरक्षा करेंगे (We will protect you).
- Imperative: अपनी सुरक्षा करो (Protect yourself).
2. Contextual Variations
The verb adapts to various levels of formality and specific domains. In legal or formal writing, you might see it used with 'प्रदान करना' (to provide), as in 'सुरक्षा प्रदान करना' (to provide protection), but 'सुरक्षा करना' remains the most versatile and common form for everyday speech and news.
Physical Protection
बॉडीगार्ड नेता की सुरक्षा कर रहे हैं।
(Bodyguards are protecting the leader.)
Digital Protection
एंटीवायरस कंप्यूटर की सुरक्षा करता है।
(Antivirus protects the computer.)
Abstract Protection
कानून हमारे अधिकारों की सुरक्षा करता है।
(The law protects our rights.)
Emotional Protection
वह अपने परिवार की सुरक्षा के लिए कुछ भी करेगा।
(He will do anything to protect his family.)
3. Using with 'चाहिए' (Should)
Since protection is often a moral or legal obligation, this verb is frequently used with 'चाहिए'. Note that when using 'चाहिए', the subject takes the 'ko' (को) marker.
हमें (We-to) देश की सुरक्षा करनी चाहिए। (We should protect the country.) Notice 'karni' matches the feminine 'suraksha'.
In summary, 'सुरक्षा करना' is your go-to verb for any scenario involving a shield, a guard, or a preventive measure. Whether you are talking about a seatbelt protecting a passenger or a government protecting its borders, this verb provides the necessary gravitas and clarity.
The phrase सुरक्षा करना is ubiquitous in Hindi-speaking environments, spanning from the most formal government declarations to intimate family conversations. Understanding where you will encounter it helps in grasping its various shades of meaning.
1. News and Media
This is perhaps the most common place to hear the word. News anchors frequently discuss 'Rashtriya Suraksha' (National Security). You will hear phrases like:
- "सेना सीमाओं की सुरक्षा कर रही है।" (The army is protecting the borders.)
- "साइबर हमलों से डेटा की सुरक्षा करना अब अनिवार्य है।" (Protecting data from cyber attacks is now mandatory.)
2. Public Announcements
At railway stations, airports, or public gatherings, you will hear announcements regarding your own safety and the safety of your belongings.
"अपने सामान की सुरक्षा स्वयं करें।" (Protect your luggage yourself / Take care of your own belongings.)
3. Technology and Internet
With the digital boom in India, every app and website has a 'Privacy and Security' section. You will see buttons or instructions like:
"अपने अकाउंट की सुरक्षा करने के लिए टू-फैक्टर ऑथेंटिकेशन चालू करें।" (Turn on 2FA to protect your account.)
Common Signage:
"सुरक्षा ही बचाव है" (Security/Protection is the only defense) - Often seen on construction sites or factories.
4. Legal and Institutional Contexts
In courts or police stations, the verb is used regarding the protection of witnesses or the general public.
"गवाह की सुरक्षा करना पुलिस की जिम्मेदारी है।" (It is the police's responsibility to protect the witness.)
5. Daily Domestic Life
Parents often use it when talking about their children's safety, or when discussing home security systems.
"यह ताला घर की सुरक्षा करेगा।" (This lock will protect the house.)
By paying attention to these contexts, you'll notice that 'सुरक्षा करना' is not just about physical combat; it's about the systems, habits, and tools we use to stay safe in an unpredictable world.
Even advanced learners often trip up on the nuances of सुरक्षा करना. Here are the most frequent errors and how to avoid them.
1. Using 'को' (ko) instead of 'की' (ki)
This is the #1 mistake. In English, we say "Protect the child." In Hindi, you must say "Protect of the child."
- ❌
बच्चे को सुरक्षा करना - ✅ बच्चे की सुरक्षा करना
2. Confusing with 'बचाना' (Bachana)
While both involve safety, they are not interchangeable.
बचाना: To save someone from an ongoing danger (e.g., saving someone from drowning).
सुरक्षा करना: To protect someone from potential future danger (e.g., wearing a life jacket).
"उसने मुझे डूबने से बचाया" (He saved me from drowning) - Correct.
"उसने मेरी सुरक्षा की" (He protected me/kept me safe) - Correct.
3. Gender Disagreement with the Verb
Because 'सुरक्षा' is feminine, the auxiliary verb 'करना' must often agree with it, especially in the past tense or with 'चाहिए'.
- ❌ मैंने देश की सुरक्षा किया।
- ✅ मैंने देश की सुरक्षा की।
4. Forgetting the 'Karna'
Learners sometimes use 'सुरक्षा' as a verb itself. It is a noun. You must add 'करना' to make it an action.
- ❌ मैं तुम्हें सुरक्षाूँगा। (Incorrect conjugation)
- ✅ मैं तुम्हारी सुरक्षा करूँगा।
5. Overusing it for 'Keeping'
Don't use 'सुरक्षा करना' for simply keeping an object. If you are just keeping a book safe in a drawer, use 'संभालकर रखना' (sambhaal-kar rakhna). 'सुरक्षा करना' implies a more active defense against a threat.
Hindi has a rich vocabulary for protection and safety. Knowing the subtle differences between सुरक्षा करना and its synonyms will make your Hindi sound more natural and precise.
- 1. रक्षा करना (Raksha Karna)
- This is the closest synonym. It is slightly more traditional and often used in religious or historical contexts. While 'Suraksha' sounds like modern 'security', 'Raksha' sounds like 'protection' or 'defense'.
Example: भगवान हमारी रक्षा करें। (May God protect us.) - 2. हिफ़ाज़त करना (Hifazat Karna)
- Derived from Urdu/Arabic, this word is very common in spoken Hindi and poetry. It carries a sense of 'care-taking' and 'safekeeping'. It sounds more personal and warm than 'Suraksha'.
Example: अपनी सेहत की हिफ़ाज़त करो। (Take care of/protect your health.) - 3. बचाव करना (Bachav Karna)
- This focuses on the 'defense' aspect. It is often used in sports (defending a goal) or in legal arguments (defending a case). It implies an active counter-move against an attack.
Example: उसने अपना बचाव किया। (He defended himself.) - 4. सुरक्षित रखना (Surakshit Rakhna)
- This means 'to keep safe'. It is used for objects or information that you want to store securely.
Example: गहनों को लॉकर में सुरक्षित रखें। (Keep the jewelry safe in the locker.)
By mastering these synonyms, you can navigate different social settings—from a government office to a friendly dinner—with the appropriate level of formality and emotion.
چقدر رسمی است؟
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سطح دشواری
گرامر لازم
مثالها بر اساس سطح
मैं अपनी बिल्ली की सुरक्षा करता हूँ।
I protect my cat.
Simple present tense with 'ki'.
पिता बच्चे की सुरक्षा करते हैं।
The father protects the child.
Subject-verb agreement (plural 'hain' for respect).
यह घर हमारी सुरक्षा करता है।
This house protects us.
Object 'hamari' (our) used with 'suraksha'.
अपनी किताब की सुरक्षा करो।
Protect your book.
Imperative mood (command).
पुलिस हमारी सुरक्षा करती है।
The police protect us.
Feminine verb 'karti' matches 'suraksha'.
क्या आप मेरी सुरक्षा करेंगे?
Will you protect me?
Future tense question.
वह अपने खिलौनों की सुरक्षा करता है।
He protects his toys.
Possessive 'apne' used for 'his own'.
माँ हमेशा हमारी सुरक्षा करती है।
Mother always protects us.
Adverb 'hamesha' (always) placement.
हमें अपने पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा करनी चाहिए।
We should protect our environment.
Use of 'chahiye' with 'karni'.
सैनिकों ने देश की सुरक्षा की।
The soldiers protected the country.
Past tense 'ki' matching 'suraksha'.
यह पासवर्ड आपके डेटा की सुरक्षा करेगा।
This password will protect your data.
Future tense with abstract object 'data'.
क्या आपने अपने घर की सुरक्षा की?
Did you protect your house?
Past tense question.
हमें जानवरों की सुरक्षा करनी होगी।
We will have to protect the animals.
Obligation in future 'karni hogi'.
वह अपनी आँखों की सुरक्षा के लिए चश्मा पहनता है।
He wears glasses to protect his eyes.
Use of 'ke liye' (for/in order to).
बाड़ बगीचे की सुरक्षा करती है।
The fence protects the garden.
Simple present with inanimate subject.
सावधानी आपकी सुरक्षा करती है।
Caution protects you.
Abstract subject 'savdhani'.
सरकार को नागरिकों के अधिकारों की सुरक्षा करनी चाहिए।
The government should protect the rights of citizens.
Complex object 'rights of citizens'.
साइबर सुरक्षा का मतलब है इंटरनेट पर अपनी जानकारी की सुरक्षा करना।
Cyber security means protecting your information on the internet.
Defining a term using the verb.
पेड़-पौधे मिट्टी की सुरक्षा करते हैं और कटाव रोकते हैं।
Trees protect the soil and prevent erosion.
Compound sentence with two actions.
उसने अपनी प्रतिष्ठा की सुरक्षा के लिए सच बोला।
He spoke the truth to protect his reputation.
Abstract object 'pratishtha' (reputation).
नया कानून महिलाओं की सुरक्षा करने में मदद करेगा।
The new law will help in protecting women.
Infinitive form 'karne mein'.
बीमा आपके भविष्य की आर्थिक सुरक्षा करता है।
Insurance protects the financial security of your future.
Financial context.
हमें अपनी सांस्कृतिक विरासत की सुरक्षा करनी होगी।
We must protect our cultural heritage.
Cultural context.
एक अच्छा हेलमेट दुर्घटना के समय सिर की सुरक्षा करता है।
A good helmet protects the head during an accident.
Conditional context 'at the time of'.
लोकतंत्र की सुरक्षा करना हर नागरिक का कर्तव्य है।
Protecting democracy is the duty of every citizen.
Gerund-like use of the verb as a subject.
वैज्ञानिक ओजोन परत की सुरक्षा करने के तरीके खोज रहे हैं।
Scientists are finding ways to protect the ozone layer.
Complex phrase 'ways to protect'.
डिजिटल युग में निजता की सुरक्षा करना एक बड़ी चुनौती है।
Protecting privacy in the digital age is a big challenge.
Abstract conceptual subject.
सेना का मुख्य उद्देश्य देश की अखंडता की सुरक्षा करना है।
The main objective of the army is to protect the integrity of the country.
Formal institutional mission statement.
यदि हम आज प्रकृति की सुरक्षा नहीं करेंगे, तो कल हमारा अस्तित्व खतरे में होगा।
If we do not protect nature today, our existence will be in danger tomorrow.
Conditional 'Yadi... toh' structure.
पुलिस ने गवाह की सुरक्षा करने के लिए कड़े इंतजाम किए हैं।
The police have made strict arrangements to protect the witness.
Perfect tense 'kiya hai' with purpose clause.
संविधान अल्पसंख्यकों के हितों की सुरक्षा करता है।
The constitution protects the interests of minorities.
Legal/Political context.
कंप्यूटर वायरस से बचने के लिए सॉफ्टवेयर की सुरक्षा करना जरूरी है।
It is necessary to protect the software to avoid computer viruses.
Infinitive as a necessity.
अभिव्यक्ति की स्वतंत्रता की सुरक्षा करना किसी भी जीवंत लोकतंत्र के लिए अनिवार्य है।
Protecting the freedom of expression is mandatory for any vibrant democracy.
High-level political discourse.
वैश्वीकरण के इस दौर में स्थानीय उद्योगों की सुरक्षा करना चुनौतीपूर्ण हो गया है।
In this era of globalization, protecting local industries has become challenging.
Economic context with complex time markers.
लेखक ने अपनी रचनाओं की बौद्धिक संपदा की सुरक्षा करने के लिए कॉपीराइट लिया।
The author took a copyright to protect the intellectual property of his works.
Legal/Intellectual property context.
पारिस्थितिक तंत्र की सुरक्षा करना केवल सरकार का नहीं, बल्कि समाज का भी दायित्व है।
Protecting the ecosystem is not just the government's responsibility, but also society's.
Correlative conjunctions 'not only... but also'.
राजनयिकों की सुरक्षा करना अंतरराष्ट्रीय संधियों के तहत एक कानूनी बाध्यता है।
Protecting diplomats is a legal obligation under international treaties.
International law terminology.
इतिहासकारों का मानना है कि हमें अपनी मौखिक परंपराओं की सुरक्षा करनी चाहिए।
Historians believe that we should protect our oral traditions.
Academic/Sociological context.
तकनीकी प्रगति के साथ-साथ व्यक्तिगत डेटा की सुरक्षा करना और भी जटिल होता जा रहा है।
Along with technical progress, protecting personal data is becoming even more complex.
Progressive aspect 'hota ja raha hai'.
न्यायपालिका का कार्य नागरिकों के मौलिक अधिकारों की सुरक्षा करना है।
The function of the judiciary is to protect the fundamental rights of citizens.
Constitutional law context.
राष्ट्र की संप्रभुता की सुरक्षा करना किसी भी भू-राजनीतिक रणनीति का केंद्र बिंदु होता है।
Protecting the sovereignty of the nation is the focal point of any geopolitical strategy.
Advanced geopolitical terminology.
दार्शनिकों ने तर्क दिया है कि स्वयं की सुरक्षा करना मनुष्य की सबसे मौलिक प्रवृत्ति है।
Philosophers have argued that protecting oneself is the most fundamental instinct of man.
Philosophical/Abstract discourse.
जैव विविधता की सुरक्षा करना आने वाली पीढ़ियों के प्रति हमारा नैतिक ऋण है।
Protecting biodiversity is our moral debt to future generations.
Metaphorical/Ethical language.
सूचना युद्ध के इस युग में, सत्य की सुरक्षा करना सबसे कठिन कार्य बन गया है।
In this age of information warfare, protecting the truth has become the most difficult task.
Metaphorical use in modern context.
संस्थागत अखंडता की सुरक्षा करना भ्रष्टाचार के विरुद्ध सबसे प्रभावी हथियार है।
Protecting institutional integrity is the most effective weapon against corruption.
Abstract institutional analysis.
प्राचीन पांडुलिपियों की सुरक्षा करना हमारी सभ्यता की निरंतरता के लिए आवश्यक है।
Protecting ancient manuscripts is essential for the continuity of our civilization.
Historical/Civilizational context.
वित्तीय बाजारों की स्थिरता की सुरक्षा करना केंद्रीय बैंक का प्राथमिक उत्तरदायित्व है।
Protecting the stability of financial markets is the primary responsibility of the central bank.
High-level economic terminology.
मानवीय गरिमा की सुरक्षा करना ही समस्त मानवाधिकारों का मूल आधार है।
Protecting human dignity is the very foundation of all human rights.
Philosophical/Legal foundation statement.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
सुरक्षा के पुख्ता इंतजाम (Tight security arrangements)
सुरक्षा घेरा (Security cordon)
सुरक्षा कारणों से (For security reasons)
सुरक्षा की दृष्टि से (From a security perspective)
अपनी सुरक्षा स्वयं करें (Take care of your own safety)
सुरक्षा कवच (Security shield)
सुरक्षा बल (Security forces)
सुरक्षा जांच (Security check)
सुरक्षा मानक (Security standards)
सुरक्षा नीति (Security policy)
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
اصطلاحات و عبارات
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بهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Suraksha is the noun/action; Surakshit is the state.
Caution is the mindset; Suraksha is the protective action.
Raksha is more traditional/religious; Suraksha is more modern/technical.
Hifazat is more personal/Urdu-influenced.
Bachav is often reactive (defending an attack).
الگوهای جملهسازی
[Subject] [Object] की सुरक्षा करता है।
[Subject] को [Object] की सुरक्षा करनी चाहिए।
[Subject] [Object] की सुरक्षा करने के लिए [Action] करता है।
[Object] की सुरक्षा करना [Adjective] है।
क्या आप [Object] की सुरक्षा कर सकते हैं?
[Subject] ने [Object] की सुरक्षा की।
बिना [Object] की सुरक्षा के, [Consequence] होगा।
[Subject] [Object] की सुरक्षा करने में सक्षम है।
نحوه استفاده
Formal to semi-formal.
Proactive protection.
Always feminine agreement.
- Using 'ko' instead of 'ki'.
- Confusing with 'bachana'.
- Incorrect gender agreement (using 'kiya' instead of 'ki').
- Using it for simple 'keeping' of objects.
- Forgetting the 'karna' auxiliary.
نکات
The 'Ki' Rule
Always pair 'suraksha' with 'ki'. It's the most important rule for this word.
Noun vs Verb
Remember 'Suraksha' is the noun. You need 'karna' to make it an action.
Respectful Usage
When talking about national security, use a formal tone with this verb.
Flow
Practice the phrase 'ki suraksha karna' as a single rhythmic unit.
Formal Contexts
In formal writing, 'suraksha pradan karna' (to provide protection) is a great alternative.
News Keywords
Listen for this word in news reports about the army or police.
Visual Association
Visualize a shield whenever you say this word.
Daily Life
Try to use it for small things, like 'I am protecting my phone'.
Prevention
Focus on the 'preventive' nature of this verb compared to 'bachana'.
Compound Forms
Look out for 'Suraksha-karmachari' (security staff).
حفظ کنید
ریشه کلمه
Sanskrit
بافت فرهنگی
The 'Griha Suraksha' (Home Security) market is booming in urban India.
The most famous cultural link to the root 'Raksha'.
Many Indian government schemes use 'Suraksha' in their titles, like 'Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana'.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"आप अपने डेटा की सुरक्षा कैसे करते हैं? (How do you protect your data?)"
"क्या आपको लगता है कि शहर में सुरक्षा बढ़ानी चाहिए? (Do you think security should be increased in the city?)"
"पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा के लिए हमें क्या करना चाहिए? (What should we do to protect the environment?)"
"आपके घर की सुरक्षा के लिए सबसे अच्छा तरीका क्या है? (What is the best way for your home's security?)"
"क्या कानून हमारी सही मायने में सुरक्षा करता है? (Does the law truly protect us?)"
موضوعات نگارش
आज मैंने अपने परिवार की सुरक्षा के लिए क्या किया? (What did I do today for my family's protection?)
मेरे लिए 'सुरक्षा' का क्या अर्थ है? (What does 'security' mean to me?)
एक ऐसी घटना के बारे में लिखें जब किसी ने आपकी सुरक्षा की। (Write about an incident when someone protected you.)
भविष्य में हम अपनी पृथ्वी की सुरक्षा कैसे करेंगे? (How will we protect our Earth in the future?)
क्या अत्यधिक सुरक्षा हमारी स्वतंत्रता को कम करती है? (Does excessive security reduce our freedom?)
سوالات متداول
10 سوالThe verb 'karna' conjugates based on the noun 'suraksha', which is feminine. So you say 'suraksha ki' or 'suraksha karni chahiye'.
No, you must use 'ki'. For example, 'Desh ki suraksha' not 'Desh ko suraksha'.
'Suraksha' is the modern word for security/safety. 'Raksha' is more traditional and often implies a sacred duty or divine protection.
It is literally 'Cyber Suraksha' (साइबर सुरक्षा).
No, it can be used for objects (house, car), abstract things (rights, data), and even the environment.
The most direct opposite is 'Nuksan pahunchana' (to cause harm) or 'Hamla karna' (to attack).
You say 'Apni suraksha karo' (अपनी सुरक्षा करो).
Yes, for example, 'Vittiya suraksha' (Financial security) or 'Data ki suraksha'.
Not exactly. 'Save' is usually 'Bachana'. 'Suraksha karna' is more about keeping something safe over time.
Yes, it is one of the most common and important verbs in Hindi for safety and security.
خودت رو بسنج 180 سوال
/ 180 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
The verb 'सुरक्षा करना' is essential for expressing the concept of safety and defense in Hindi. Remember that 'suraksha' is a feminine noun, so you must use 'ki' (की) with the object and ensure the verb 'karna' agrees with the feminine gender in specific grammatical structures.
- Suraksha Karna means 'to protect' or 'to safeguard' something actively.
- It is a compound verb requiring the feminine postposition 'ki' for the object.
- Commonly used in contexts of national security, digital privacy, and personal safety.
- Distinct from 'bachana' (to save), as it implies prevention rather than just rescue.
The 'Ki' Rule
Always pair 'suraksha' with 'ki'. It's the most important rule for this word.
Noun vs Verb
Remember 'Suraksha' is the noun. You need 'karna' to make it an action.
Respectful Usage
When talking about national security, use a formal tone with this verb.
Flow
Practice the phrase 'ki suraksha karna' as a single rhythmic unit.
مثال
हमें अपने बच्चों की सुरक्षा करनी चाहिए।
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر health
आंबुलेंस
C1وسیله نقلیهای که بهطور ویژه برای انتقال بیماران یا مجروحان به بیمارستانها مجهز شده است.
आहार संबंधी
C1Dietary, relating to diet or nutrition.
आहार विशेषज्ञ
B1A person who is an expert on diet and nutrition.
आहार योजना
B1A plan for what to eat; diet plan.
आईसीयू
B1Intensive Care Unit, a specialized hospital ward.
आकस्मिक
B1Sudden, accidental, emergency.
आँखों का डॉक्टर
A2An ophthalmologist or optometrist; eye doctor.
आनुवंशिक इंजीनियरिंग
C1The deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material.
आनुवंशिक परामर्श
C1فرآیند مشاوره به افراد یا خانوادههای تحت تأثیر یا در معرض خطر اختلالات ژنتیکی.
आनुवंशिक उत्परिवर्तन
C1تغییر دائمی در توالی DNA که یک ژن را تشکیل میدهد.