砂利 در ۳۰ ثانیه
- 砂利 (jari) means gravel or small pebbles used in gardens and construction.
- It is a mass noun and often appears in the compound 'jarimichi' (gravel road).
- Culturally, white gravel (tamajari) is significant in Japanese shrines and Zen gardens.
- It is also used as an aggregate for making concrete and for drainage.
The Japanese word 砂利 (jari) primarily refers to a collection of small stones, pebbles, or crushed rock, most commonly known in English as gravel. Geologically and practically, it occupies the middle ground between coarse sand and larger rocks or boulders. When you walk through the entrance of a traditional Japanese shrine, the crunching sound beneath your feet is produced by 砂利. In an industrial or construction context, it refers to the aggregate material used in concrete or for surfacing unpaved roads. The term is ubiquitous in Japan, a country where mountainous terrain and riverbeds provide an abundance of natural stone material. Beyond its literal meaning, 砂利 also carries a historical and somewhat colloquial nuance referring to small children or 'small fry,' though this usage is more niche and often found in specific theatrical or older contexts.
- Physical Composition
- In Japanese terminology, 砂利 typically describes stones that are larger than 2 millimeters but smaller than several centimeters. It can be naturally rounded by river water (river gravel) or mechanically crushed for construction (crushed stone).
- Aesthetic and Spiritual Use
- In Shintoism, specifically within the grounds of shrines, high-quality white gravel known as 玉砂利 (tamajari) is used to signify purity and to mark sacred spaces. The act of walking on this gravel is seen as a process of purification through the sound and the physical sensation.
- Construction and Infrastructure
- You will frequently encounter this word in civil engineering. It is the base layer for railways (ballast), the foundation for roads, and a key component in mixing concrete. If you see a truck carrying small rocks, it is almost certainly a 砂利トラック (gravel truck).
庭に砂利を敷いて、雑草が生えないようにしました。
(Niwa ni jari o shiite, zassou ga haenai you ni shimashita.)
I spread gravel in the garden to prevent weeds from growing.
In everyday life, you might use this word when discussing home improvement, landscaping, or even complaining about a rough road. If your bicycle tires are slipping on a path, you would say the road is 砂利道 (jarimichi). It is a practical, down-to-earth word that every B1 level learner should master to describe the physical world around them. Whether you are visiting a Zen garden in Kyoto or observing a construction site in Tokyo, 砂利 is a constant presence in the Japanese landscape. Understanding its nuances—from the sacred white pebbles of a shrine to the industrial aggregate of a highway—allows you to appreciate both the spiritual and the functional aspects of Japanese material culture.
この砂利道は歩きにくいので、注意してください。
(Kono jarimichi wa arukinikui node, chuui shite kudasai.)
This gravel road is hard to walk on, so please be careful.
Using 砂利 (jari) in a sentence is relatively straightforward because it functions as a standard concrete noun. However, there are specific verbs and particles that frequently accompany it. The most common verb used with 砂利 is shiku (敷く), which means 'to spread' or 'to lay down.' When you talk about landscaping or paving a path with gravel, you almost always use this combination. Another common context is the physical sensation of gravel, where you might use verbs like fumu (踏む - to step on) or kami-komu (噛み込む - to get stuck/caught in, often used for tires or shoes). Below are detailed breakdowns of how to integrate this word into your Japanese communication across various registers.
- Descriptive Usage
- When describing the quality of gravel, you might use adjectives like 'arai' (粗い - coarse) or 'komakai' (細かい - fine). For example: 'Komakai jari ga kutsu no naka ni haitta' (Fine gravel got inside my shoes).
- Compound Nouns
- 砂利 is often the first part of a compound noun. Common examples include 砂利道 (jarimichi - gravel road), 砂利運搬船 (jari unpansen - gravel carrier ship), and 砂利穴 (jari-ana - gravel pit). These compounds are essential for technical and descriptive accuracy.
神社の参道には、きれいな白い砂利が敷き詰められている。
(Jinja no sandou ni wa, kirei na shiroi jari ga shikitsumerarete iru.)
The approach to the shrine is completely covered with beautiful white gravel.
In a construction context, 砂利 is treated as a material resource. You might hear sentences like 'Jari o dashi-ire suru' (to move gravel in and out) or 'Jari o mazeru' (to mix gravel, usually into concrete). It is important to note that while 砂利 is the general term, professionals might distinguish it from 'sazare-ishi' (tiny pebbles) or 'saishi' (crushed stone). For a B1 learner, using 砂利 generically is perfectly acceptable in 99% of situations. Pay attention to the particles: 'ni' is used for the location where gravel is placed, and 'o' is used for the gravel itself when it is the object of an action. If the gravel is the subject (e.g., gravel is falling), use 'ga'.
トラックが砂利を運んでいるのが見えます。
(Torakku ga jari o hakonde iru no ga miemasu.)
I can see a truck carrying gravel.
Furthermore, when talking about the sound of gravel, we often use the verb 'naru' (to sound/ring) or the onomatopoeic 'jari-jari suru'. Example: 'Kutsu no soko ni jari ga haitte, jari-jari suru' (Gravel got into the sole of my shoe, and it's making a crunching/gritty feeling). This descriptive capability is vital for expressing physical discomfort or environmental conditions. In more formal writing, such as a report on a landslide or road maintenance, 砂利 will appear frequently alongside terms like 'doseki' (earth and rocks) or 'hokai' (collapse). Mastery of this word involves knowing these common collocations and being able to apply them in both the mundane (walking in a park) and the technical (discussing infrastructure).
The word 砂利 (jari) is a staple of the Japanese auditory and visual landscape. If you are in Japan, you will hear this word in a variety of settings ranging from the extremely formal and spiritual to the everyday and industrial. One of the most common places to hear it is at a home center (DIY store). Customers often ask staff where the 'jari' is located for their gardening projects. You will also hear it in news reports concerning construction, natural disasters like floods (where 'jari' might be washed away), or in travel guides explaining the features of historic temples. It is a word that bridges the gap between the natural world and man-made structures.
- Shrines and Temples
- Guides and monks often refer to the 'tamajari' (precious gravel). They might explain that the sound of walking on the gravel is a form of prayer or a way to keep the mind focused. You'll hear phrases like 'Jari o funde kiyomeru' (purifying by stepping on gravel).
- Railway Announcements and News
- In the event of heavy rain or maintenance, you might hear reports about 'senro no jari' (railway gravel/ballast). If the gravel is displaced, it can cause delays, making this a frequent term in transit news.
- Traditional Arts (Kabuki/Theater)
- Historically, the term 'jari' was used in the theater world to refer to children or young, inexperienced actors. While less common in modern daily speech, you might still encounter this in historical dramas or literary works.
この辺りは砂利の採取場として有名です。
(Kono atari wa jari no saishu-jou toshite yuumei desu.)
This area is famous as a gravel extraction site.
In a domestic setting, parents might warn their children: 'Jari o nagenai de!' (Don't throw the gravel!). In rural Japan, where many side roads remain unpaved, 'jari' is a constant topic of conversation regarding car maintenance or walking conditions. If you are watching a Japanese renovation show (like 'Before After'), architects will frequently discuss the type of 砂利 to use in the 'tsubo-niwa' (small courtyard garden) to achieve a specific aesthetic effect or to improve drainage. The word is also common in the context of 'security gravel' (bouan-jari), which is designed to make a loud noise when stepped on, deterring intruders. This practical application of the word's physical properties is a uniquely Japanese intersection of traditional materials and modern safety.
防犯のために、家の周りに砂利をまきました。
(Bouhan no tame ni, ie no mawari ni jari o makimashita.)
I scattered gravel around the house for crime prevention.
While 砂利 (jari) is a basic noun, learners often make subtle errors in its usage, particularly concerning scale, material type, and kanji selection. The most frequent mistake is confusing 砂利 with other 'stone' related words like ishi (石), koishi (小石), or suna (砂). Because 砂利 is a collective noun, using it to refer to a single pebble is incorrect. If you pick up one small stone, you have a 小石 (koishi), not a 砂利. 砂利 refers to the mass of stones as a material or a surface. Understanding this distinction is key to sounding natural in Japanese.
- Confusing with 'Sand' (Suna)
- The first kanji in 砂利 is 砂 (suna - sand). This leads many beginners to think 砂利 means sand. However, 砂利 is significantly coarser. Sand is fine and powdery; gravel is rocky and crunchy. Do not use 砂利 to describe a beach unless it is specifically a rocky/pebbly beach.
- Incorrect Verb Choice
- Learners often use 'nuru' (to paint/spread cream) when they mean 'shiku' (to lay down/spread a flat layer). While both can be translated as 'spread' in English, 'nuru' is for liquids or pastes, while 'shiku' is for solid objects like gravel, mats, or futons.
❌ Incorrect: 公園の砂場で砂利遊びをしました。
(Kouen no sunaba de jari asobi o shimashita.)
✅ Correct: 公園の砂場で砂遊びをしました。
(Kouen no sunaba de suna asobi o shimashita.)
I played with sand in the sandbox.
Another mistake involves the kanji. The second kanji 利 (ri) is commonly known for 'profit' or 'interest.' Learners sometimes try to find a deep philosophical meaning for 'sand-profit,' but in the case of 砂利, the 'ri' is essentially phonetic or historical. Don't over-analyze the individual kanji meanings here; treat the word as a single unit. Additionally, avoid using 砂利 when describing precious gems or decorative polished stones unless they are being used en masse as ground cover. If you have a collection of beautiful, individual stones from a river, 'koishi' or 'ishikoro' is more appropriate and carries a more personal, appreciative tone than the industrial-sounding 砂利.
❌ Incorrect: この砂利は大きすぎて、道が作れません。
(Kono jari wa ookisugite...) - if referring to boulders.
✅ Correct: この岩は大きすぎて...
(Kono iwa wa ookisugite...)
This rock/boulder is too big...
To truly master 砂利 (jari), you must understand where it sits in the spectrum of Japanese stone-related vocabulary. Japanese is incredibly precise when it comes to nature and materials. While 'gravel' is the closest English equivalent, several other words might be more appropriate depending on the size, the origin, or the intended use of the stones. Below is a comparison of 砂利 with its closest relatives. Using the right word will demonstrate a high level of linguistic sensitivity and technical knowledge.
- 小石 (Koishi) vs. 砂利 (Jari)
- 小石 (Koishi) literally means 'small stone.' It is more likely to be used for individual pebbles you pick up. 砂利 is the material name. You wouldn't say 'I found a jari,' you would say 'I found a koishi.'
- 砕石 (Saishi) vs. 砂利 (Jari)
- 砕石 (Saishi) refers specifically to mechanically crushed stone. It has sharp edges and is used in heavy construction. 砂利 is more general and often implies the naturally rounded stones found in rivers.
- 玉砂利 (Tamajari)
- This is the 'premium' version of gravel. The 'tama' (jewel/ball) prefix indicates that the stones are round, smooth, and often aesthetically pleasing. This is the word used for the white gravel in high-end gardens and shrines.
庭園には玉砂利を使い、歩道には普通の砂利を敷きました。
(Teien ni wa tamajari o tsukai, hodou ni wa futsuu no jari o shikimashita.)
We used decorative pebbles for the garden and regular gravel for the walkway.
Another interesting alternative is sazare-ishi (さざれ石), which appears in the Japanese national anthem. It refers to tiny pebbles that, over time, consolidate into a large rock. This is a poetic and archaic term compared to the practical 砂利. In an industrial context, you might also encounter mikkusu-jari (mixed gravel) or baton-jari. For a learner, the most important takeaway is that 砂利 is the 'workhorse' word—it's what you'll see on signs at the hardware store and what you'll use to describe the ground under your feet on a country trail. By distinguishing between the natural feel of 砂利 and the sharp, industrial feel of 砕石, or the spiritual purity of 玉砂利, you elevate your Japanese from functional to expressive.
線路の脇には、大量のバラスト（砂利）が積まれています。
(Senro no waki ni wa, tairyou no barasuto (jari) ga tsumarete imasu.)
A large amount of ballast (gravel) is piled up beside the tracks.
چقدر رسمی است؟
نکته جالب
The use of 'jari' for children comes from the Edo period theater world, where children were seen as 'small and plentiful' like gravel.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Pronouncing 'ja' as 'ya'.
- Pronouncing 'ri' as a long English 'ree'.
- Confusing the pitch with 'shari' (sushi rice).
- Adding a vowel sound after the 'ri' like 'jariy'.
- Not flapping the 'r' correctly.
سطح دشواری
Kanji is common but the second character 利 is usually used for 'profit,' which might confuse learners.
Both kanji are taught in elementary school but require practice to balance.
Pronunciation is simple, but the flapped 'r' is key.
The onomatopoeic nature makes it easy to recognize in context.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
Nouns as Materials (de)
この道は砂利でできています。(This road is made of gravel.)
The verb 'Shiku' (to spread)
地面に砂利を敷きます。(I spread gravel on the ground.)
Compound Nouns (no-less)
砂利道 (Jarimichi) instead of 砂利の道 (Jari no michi).
Onomatopoeia + Suru
口の中がジャリジャリする。(My mouth feels gritty.)
Particle 'o' with verbs of motion
砂利道を歩く。(Walking [on] a gravel road.)
مثالها بر اساس سطح
ここは砂利の道です。
This is a gravel road.
Simple A is B structure using the particle 'no' to modify the noun.
砂利があります。
There is gravel.
Using 'arimasu' for the existence of an inanimate object.
砂利は小さい石です。
Gravel is small stones.
Defining a word using a simpler synonym.
きれいな砂利ですね。
It's beautiful gravel, isn't it?
Using an adjective with 'ne' for agreement.
砂利をみました。
I saw gravel.
Simple past tense with the object particle 'o'.
これは砂利ですか？
Is this gravel?
Question form using 'desu ka'.
砂利はグレーです。
Gravel is gray.
Describing color.
砂利の上を歩きます。
I walk on the gravel.
Using 'ue' (top/on) and the particle 'o' for the path of movement.
庭に砂利をまきました。
I scattered gravel in the garden.
The verb 'maku' (to scatter/sow) is often used with jari.
砂利道を自転車で走るのは大変です。
Riding a bicycle on a gravel road is hard.
Compound noun 'jarimichi' and the '~no wa' nominalizer.
靴の中に砂利が入りました。
Gravel got into my shoe.
Using 'hairu' (to enter) for something getting inside.
あのトラックは砂利を運んでいます。
That truck is carrying gravel.
Present continuous tense 'te-iru'.
砂利の上を歩くと、音がします。
When you walk on gravel, it makes a sound.
Conditional 'to' indicating a natural consequence.
この砂利はどこで買えますか？
Where can I buy this gravel?
Potential form 'kaeru' (can buy).
公園の道は砂利でできています。
The park path is made of gravel.
Using 'de dekite iru' to describe material composition.
砂利を片付けましょう。
Let's clean up the gravel.
Volitional form 'mashou' (let's).
雑草対策として、庭に砂利を敷き詰めました。
I covered the garden with gravel as a measure against weeds.
Using 'tame ni' or 'tousaku' for purpose and 'shikitsumeru' for covering completely.
砂利を噛んだような嫌な感触があった。
There was an unpleasant sensation, like biting into gravel.
Simile using 'you na' to describe a sensation.
その建物は、砂利とセメントを混ぜて作られました。
That building was made by mixing gravel and cement.
Passive voice 'tsukurareta' and the 'mazete' (mixing) action.
雨で砂利が流されてしまった。
The gravel was washed away by the rain.
Suffering passive with 'te-shimatta' indicating regret.
砂利の採取は環境に影響を与えます。
Gravel extraction affects the environment.
Formal noun 'saishu' (extraction) and 'eikyou o ataeru' (to influence).
防犯用の砂利は、歩くと大きな音が鳴ります。
Security gravel makes a loud noise when you walk on it.
Compound noun 'bouan-you' (for security).
砂利の中からきれいな貝殻を見つけた。
I found a beautiful seashell among the gravel.
Using 'no naka kara' to indicate searching within a mass.
この辺りの地盤は、砂利が多くて硬い。
The ground around here has a lot of gravel and is hard.
Describing ground conditions (jiban).
コンクリートの骨材として、質の良い砂利が必要です。
High-quality gravel is needed as aggregate for concrete.
Technical term 'kotsuzai' (aggregate).
川底の砂利が減ると、魚の産卵場所がなくなってしまいます。
If the gravel on the riverbed decreases, fish spawning grounds will disappear.
Conditional 'to' used for environmental cause and effect.
砂利を敷く前に、防草シートを敷くのが一般的です。
It is common to lay a weed-proof sheet before spreading gravel.
Using 'mae ni' (before) and 'ippanteki' (common/general).
彼は砂利道を大型バイクで器用に走破した。
He skillfully crossed the gravel road on a large motorcycle.
Adverbial 'kiyou ni' (skillfully) and verb 'souha suru' (to traverse/conquer).
この公園の砂利は、足への負担を軽減するために丸みを帯びている。
The gravel in this park is rounded to reduce the burden on feet.
Compound verb 'marumi o obiru' (to be rounded) and 'keigen suru' (to reduce).
砂利運搬船が港に入港する様子を眺めていた。
I was watching the gravel carrier ship enter the port.
Compound noun 'jari unpansen' and 'nyuukou suru' (to enter port).
かつて、子供のことを「砂利」と呼ぶ業界用語があった。
Once, there was industry slang that referred to children as 'jari'.
Historical reference using 'katsute' (formerly).
砂利の層が天然のフィルターとなって、水を浄化している。
The layer of gravel acts as a natural filter, purifying the water.
Metaphorical use 'to natte' (becoming/acting as).
明治神宮の参道に敷かれた玉砂利は、参拝者の心を清める効果があると言われている。
The white gravel laid on the approach to Meiji Shrine is said to have the effect of purifying the hearts of worshippers.
Formal passive 'iwarete iru' and specific cultural term 'tamajari'.
河川法により、無許可での砂利採取は厳しく制限されている。
According to the River Law, gravel extraction without permission is strictly restricted.
Legal terminology 'kasen-hou' and 'mukyo-ka' (without permission).
その小説は、砂利道を歩く乾いた足音から物語が始まる。
The novel begins with the dry sound of footsteps walking on a gravel road.
Literary description focusing on sensory details.
高度経済成長期、日本各地で砂利の需要が爆発的に高まった。
During the period of high economic growth, the demand for gravel increased explosively throughout Japan.
Historical/Economic context 'koudo keizai seichou-ki'.
砂利の粒径によって、透水性や安定性が大きく異なる。
Permeability and stability vary greatly depending on the particle size of the gravel.
Scientific/Technical term 'ryuukei' (particle diameter) and 'tousuisei' (permeability).
枯山水庭園において、砂利はしばしば大海の波紋を象徴する。
In Zen dry gardens, gravel often symbolizes the ripples of the vast ocean.
Aesthetic analysis 'shouchou suru' (to symbolize).
路盤材としての砂利の品質管理は、道路の寿命を左右する重要な要素だ。
Quality control of gravel as a roadbed material is a crucial factor that determines the lifespan of a road.
Professional/Engineering context 'sayuu suru' (to influence/determine).
砂利穴の跡地を再利用して、自然公園が整備された。
A nature park was developed by repurposing the site of a former gravel pit.
Urban planning term 'atochi' (former site) and 'seibi sareru' (to be prepared/developed).
砂利の採取権を巡る利害関係の対立は、地域社会に深い溝を残した。
Conflicts of interest over gravel extraction rights left a deep divide in the local community.
Complex social/legal context 'rigai kankei' (conflicts of interest).
微細な砂利が断層の間に挟まることで、地震の滑り挙動が変化するという研究がある。
There is research suggesting that fine gravel caught between faults changes the sliding behavior of earthquakes.
Advanced geological research terminology 'kyodou' (behavior/movement).
その建築家は、あえて無機質なコンクリートと有機的な砂利を対比させることで、空間に緊張感を生み出した。
The architect created a sense of tension in the space by daringly contrasting inorganic concrete with organic gravel.
Architectural criticism 'taibi saseru' (to contrast).
砂利の堆積構造を解析することで、数千年前の河川の流れを復元することが可能だ。
By analyzing the sedimentary structure of gravel, it is possible to reconstruct river flows from thousands of years ago.
Paleohydrology context 'taiseki kouzou' (sedimentary structure).
古典落語の中には、未熟な見習いを「砂利」と揶揄する表現が散見される。
In classical rakugo, expressions that mock immature apprentices as 'jari' are found here and there.
Literary/Historical analysis 'yayu suru' (to mock/banter).
砂利の供給網が寸断されたことで、震災復興に向けたインフラ整備に遅れが生じている。
The disruption of the gravel supply chain has caused delays in infrastructure development for earthquake recovery.
Logistics and disaster recovery context 'sundan sareru' (to be cut off).
砂利の摩擦係数を計算に入れなければ、急勾配の未舗装路における安全な走行は担保できない。
Without taking the friction coefficient of gravel into account, safe driving on steep unpaved roads cannot be guaranteed.
Engineering/Physics context 'masatsu keisuu' (friction coefficient).
砂利という一見卑近な素材を通して、都市文明の基盤を問い直すというテーマの展覧会だ。
It is an exhibition with a theme of re-examining the foundations of urban civilization through the seemingly mundane material of gravel.
Philosophical/Artistic discourse 'hikinsa' (mundane/familiar).
مترادفها
متضادها
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— To feel a gritty sensation in the mouth. Often used metaphorically for something unpleasant.
砂利を噛むような思いをした。
— To take a difficult or unpaved path, literally or figuratively.
人生の砂利道を行く。
— To cover an entire area with gravel.
駐車場に砂利を敷き詰める。
— Gravel flying up, often from car tires.
砂利が跳ねて窓が割れた。
— The specific crunching sound of gravel.
砂利の音で客が来たのがわかった。
— To wash gravel, often before using it in a garden or aquarium.
水槽に入れる前に砂利を洗う。
— To transport gravel.
一輪車で砂利を運ぶ。
— To remove gravel.
土から砂利を取り除く。
— A layer of gravel.
砂利の層が排水を助ける。
— The cost of laying gravel.
砂利を敷く費用を見積もる。
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
Suna is sand (fine). Jari is gravel (coarse stones).
Koishi is a single pebble. Jari is the material (gravel) as a whole.
Ishi is a general word for stone. Jari is a specific size/type of stone.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— Describing a situation that is tasteless, boring, or deeply unpleasant.
砂利を噛むような毎日だ。
Literary— An old, polite way to refer to the audience in a theater (viewed as 'small stones' from the stage).
お砂利の皆様にご挨拶。
Archaic/Theatrical— A slightly rough or affectionate way to refer to street kids or active children.
近所の砂利っ子たちが遊んでいる。
Colloquial/Dated— While literal, it is a common idiom for 'setting up a noise-based security system.'
泥棒除けに砂利をまく。
Practical— To be covered in gravel or to live in a rough, unrefined environment.
砂利にまみれて働く。
Descriptive— To sort through gravel, often used to mean searching for something small and valuable.
砂利を分けて金を探す。
Metaphorical— To create a large pile of gravel, sometimes used to describe a massive but mundane task.
仕事の砂利の山を築く。
Metaphorical— To step on gravel, often implying the start of a journey or entering a sacred space.
一歩、砂利を踏みしめる。
Poetic— To be buried in gravel, used for something lost or forgotten.
歴史の砂利に埋もれる。
Literary— To throw gravel, often used to describe a futile or petty attack.
巨人に砂利を投げるようなものだ。
Metaphoricalبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Both refer to small stones.
Saishi is mechanically crushed and angular. Jari is often natural and rounded.
道路の基礎には砕石を使います。
Sounds similar to Tamajari.
Tamaishi refers to larger, cobble-sized round stones. Tamajari is smaller.
川原で玉石を拾う。
Homophones in some pronunciations.
Shari (舎利) refers to Buddhist relics or sushi rice. Jari is gravel.
お釈迦様の真身舎利。
Geological synonym.
Reki is a technical/scientific term used in geology. Jari is the everyday word.
礫岩の層を観察する。
First kanji is the same.
Jari is stones. Suna is sand. Don't mix them up in a sandbox!
砂場で遊ぶ。
الگوهای جملهسازی
[Place] に 砂利 が あります。
庭に砂利があります。
砂利 の [Noun] を [Verb]。
砂利の道を歩きます。
[Noun] の ために 砂利 を 敷く。
防犯のために砂利を敷く。
砂利 が [Verb-Passive]。
砂利が雨で流された。
[Noun] として 砂利 を 使う。
骨材として砂利を使う。
砂利 が [Onomatopoeia] する。
砂利がジャリジャリする。
砂利 を [Verb-Causative] ことで [Effect]。
砂利を敷かせることで雑草を防ぐ。
砂利 という [Description] 素材。
砂利という卑近な素材。
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
صفتها
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
Common in daily life, especially in rural areas, gardening, and construction.
-
Using 'jari' for a single pebble.
→
Use 'koishi' (小石).
Jari is a mass noun. You don't pick up 'a jari'; you pick up a 'koishi' from the 'jari'.
-
Confusing 砂利 (jari) with 砂 (suna).
→
Use 'suna' for sand.
Even though they share a kanji, they are different materials. Don't say 'jari' for the beach.
-
Using the verb 'nuru' to spread gravel.
→
Use 'shiku' (敷く).
'Nuru' is for liquids/pastes. 'Shiku' is for solid layers like gravel or mats.
-
Writing the kanji as 砂理.
→
砂利
The second kanji must be 利 (profit/benefit), not 理 (reason).
-
Using 'jari' to describe large boulders.
→
Use 'iwa' (岩).
Jari only refers to small stones. If it's bigger than a fist, it's not jari.
نکات
Garden Maintenance
If you are writing about gardening, remember that 'jari' is used for drainage. Mentioning 'drainage' (haisui) with 'jari' makes your Japanese sound very practical.
Shrine Etiquette
When visiting a shrine, notice how the 'jari' is often raked. Avoid kicking it or making unnecessary mess, as it is part of the sacred atmosphere.
Onomatopoeia
Use 'jari-jari' when your food has grit in it. It's a very common way to complain about unwashed spinach or clams with sand.
Cycling Tip
When cycling on a 'jarimichi,' warn others by saying 'Jari ga ooi desu' (There's a lot of gravel). It helps prevent accidents.
Compound Words
You can create many words by adding 'jari' to the front. 'Jari-pan' (gravel bread) is a famous sweet bread that has a crunchy sugar texture!
Kanji Memory
The first kanji 砂 has the 'stone' radical (石) on the left. This tells you it's made of stone material.
Construction Term
If you work in construction, learn 'saishi' alongside 'jari' to distinguish between natural and crushed materials.
Home Center
At a DIY store, look for 'en-gei-you jari' (gardening gravel). It comes in many colors and sizes.
Sound Recognition
The word 'jari' is often used in ASMR or nature recordings in Japan because the sound is considered very distinct.
Description
Use 'jari o funde' (stepping on gravel) to start a story. It immediately sets a physical scene for the reader.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Think of the 'JA' sound in 'Jars.' Imagine filling jars with small stones. Jars of Jari!
تداعی تصویری
Imagine a Zen garden with perfectly raked white stones. Those stones are 'jari.'
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Go for a walk and find some gravel. Point at it and say 'Kore wa jari desu' three times.
ریشه کلمه
The word is composed of 砂 (sand) and 利 (a phonetic or clarifying character). Historically, it referred to the coarse residue left after sifting sand.
معنای اصلی: Small stones found mixed with sand.
Sino-Japanese (Kango).بافت فرهنگی
Calling children 'jari' can be seen as slightly rude or very old-fashioned; use with caution.
In English, 'gravel' is mostly industrial. In Japanese, it has a stronger aesthetic and spiritual connection.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Gardening/Landscaping
- 砂利を敷く
- 防草シートと砂利
- 玉砂利で飾る
- 砂利の種類
Construction
- 砂利の搬入
- 砂利とセメント
- 路盤用の砂利
- 砂利の粒径
Shrines/Temples
- 参道の砂利
- 玉砂利を踏む
- 砂利を清める
- 白い砂利
Automotive/Driving
- 砂利道での走行
- 砂利が跳ねる
- タイヤに砂利が挟まる
- 未舗装の砂利道
Home Security
- 防犯砂利を設置する
- 音が鳴る砂利
- 家の周囲に砂利
- 砂利の防犯効果
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"庭に砂利を敷こうと思っているんですが、おすすめはありますか？"
"この砂利道、歩くと音がして気持ちいいですね。"
"神社の砂利を歩くと、心が洗われる気がしませんか？"
"最近の防犯砂利は、本当に音が大きいので驚きました。"
"砂利道を自転車で走るのって、意外とバランスが難しいですよね。"
موضوعات نگارش
今日、砂利道を歩いた時の感触や音について詳しく書いてください。
もし自分の庭があるなら、どんな色の砂利を敷きたいですか？その理由も教えてください。
神社の玉砂利と、工事現場の砂利の違いについて感じたことを書いてください。
「砂利を噛むような思い」をした経験があれば、それについて書いてください。
環境保護のために、川の砂利採取を制限することについてどう思いますか？
سوالات متداول
10 سوالNo, 'jari' is a collective noun for gravel. For a single stone, use 'koishi' (small stone) or 'ishi' (stone).
Tamajari refers to high-quality, rounded pebbles, often white or black, used in shrines and decorative gardens.
No. Although the first kanji is 'sand,' the word specifically means gravel. Use 'suna' for sand.
Some gravel is specifically sold as 'bouan-jari' (security gravel). It is designed to be extra loud when stepped on to alert homeowners to intruders.
As an uncountable noun, you use bags (fukuro), volume (rittoru/cubic meters), or weight (kiro/ton).
It is quite old-fashioned and mostly found in old literature or specific traditional theater contexts now.
The most common verb is 'shiku' (to spread/lay down). You can also use 'maku' (to scatter).
Yes, it is a primary ingredient. Professionals call it 'kotsuzai' (aggregate), but 'jari' is used in general conversation.
In this specific word, 'ri' is mostly phonetic. It doesn't carry its usual meaning of 'profit' in this context.
Jari is often natural river stone (round). Saishi is crushed rock (sharp/angular) from a quarry.
خودت رو بسنج 190 سوال
「庭に砂利を敷く」を英語で書いてください。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
砂利道を歩いた時の音を日本語で表現してください。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
「砂利」という漢字を3回書いてください。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
砂利が靴に入った時の気持ちを日本語で1文書いてください。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
「防犯砂利」のメリットを1つ書いてください。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
「砂利」と「砂」の違いを日本語で説明してください。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
「砂利採取」が環境に与える影響を1つ書いてください。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
砂利道で車を運転する時の注意点を書いてください。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
「玉砂利」はどこで見ることができますか？
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
「砂利を噛むような思い」という言葉を使って文を作ってください。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
コンクリートを作るために必要な材料を3つ挙げてください（砂利を含む）。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
砂利の山を見つけた時、子供に何と言いますか？
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
砂利の色にはどんなものがありますか？
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
「砂利」という言葉が含まれる熟語を2つ書いてください。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
砂利を英語以外の言語で一つ書いてください（例：フランス語）。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
砂利が排水に良い理由を簡単に説明してください。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
「砂利」の漢字「砂」の左側は何という漢字ですか？
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
砂利の上でキャンプをする時のデメリットは何ですか？
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
砂利をテーマにした俳句を一つ作ってください（自由）。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
「砂利」の読み仮名を書いてください。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
「砂利」を大きな声で発音してください。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
「砂利道を歩く」と言ってください。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
「庭に砂利を敷きました」と言ってください。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
「砂利の音がします」と言ってください。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
「防犯のために砂利をまきます」と言ってください。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
「靴に砂利が入って痛いです」と言ってください。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
「この砂利はきれいです」と言ってください。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
「砂利トラックが通ります」と言ってください。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
「砂利を混ぜてコンクリートを作ります」と言ってください。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
「砂利道を走るのは難しいです」と言ってください。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
「砂利を噛むような思いをしました」と言ってください。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
「神社の玉砂利は白くて美しい」と言ってください。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
「砂利の山で遊ぶのは危険です」と言ってください。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
「砂利を洗ってください」と言ってください。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
「砂利採取の許可を得る」と言ってください。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
「砂利道に車を停める」と言ってください。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
「砂利が跳ねて窓に当たった」と言ってください。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
「この辺りは砂利が多いですね」と言ってください。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
「砂利を均一にならす」と言ってください。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
「砂利の上で寝るのは痛い」と言ってください。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
「じゃり」と聞こえたら、それは何のことですか？
「じゃりみち」と聞こえたら、どんな道ですか？
「たまじゃり」と聞こえたら、どんな砂利ですか？
「じゃりをしきつめる」と聞こえたら、何をするという意味ですか？
「ぼうはんじゃり」と聞こえたら、何の目的の砂利ですか？
「じゃりじゃりする」と聞こえたら、どんな感触ですか？
「じゃりさいしゅ」と聞こえたら、どんな産業のことですか？
「じゃりがあたる」と聞こえたら、何かが何に当たったのですか？
「じゃりまじり」と聞こえたら、何が混ざっていますか？
「じゃりうんぱん」と聞こえたら、何をしているところですか？
「じゃりあな」と聞こえたら、何のことですか？
「じゃりをまく」と聞こえたら、どんな動作ですか？
「じゃりをあらう」と聞こえたら、何をするのですか？
「じゃりをふむ」と聞こえたら、足の下に何がありますか？
「じゃりのやま」と聞こえたら、どんな形ですか？
/ 190 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
砂利 (jari) is the essential Japanese word for 'gravel.' Whether you are talking about the crunching sound of a shrine path or the materials needed for a DIY garden project, this word is your primary tool for describing small, loose stones. Example: 砂利を敷く (jari o shiku) - to lay gravel.
- 砂利 (jari) means gravel or small pebbles used in gardens and construction.
- It is a mass noun and often appears in the compound 'jarimichi' (gravel road).
- Culturally, white gravel (tamajari) is significant in Japanese shrines and Zen gardens.
- It is also used as an aggregate for making concrete and for drainage.
Garden Maintenance
If you are writing about gardening, remember that 'jari' is used for drainage. Mentioning 'drainage' (haisui) with 'jari' makes your Japanese sound very practical.
Shrine Etiquette
When visiting a shrine, notice how the 'jari' is often raked. Avoid kicking it or making unnecessary mess, as it is part of the sacred atmosphere.
Onomatopoeia
Use 'jari-jari' when your food has grit in it. It's a very common way to complain about unwashed spinach or clams with sand.
Cycling Tip
When cycling on a 'jarimichi,' warn others by saying 'Jari ga ooi desu' (There's a lot of gravel). It helps prevent accidents.
مثال
庭に砂利を敷いた。
محتوای مرتبط
این کلمه در زبانهای دیگر
واژههای بیشتر nature
～上
B1کلمه 'ue' به معنای 'بالا' یا 'رویِ' چیزی است.
〜の上
A2روی یا بالای چیزی. مثلاً 'کتاب روی میز است' میشود 'Hon wa tsukue no ue ni arimasu'.
豊か
B1فراوان؛ غنی. طبیعت غنی.
〜に従って
B1طبق دستورالعمل، دکمه را فشار دهید.
酸性雨
B1باران اسیدی نوعی بارش است که به دلیل آلودگی هوا، خاصیت اسیدی پیدا کرده است.
営み
B1فعالیت؛ زندگی روزمره؛ تعهد (به عنوان مثال، فعالیت های زندگی).
順応する
B1وفق یافتن با محیط یا شرایط جدید.
~を背景に
B1در پسزمینه...؛ با توجه به شرایط... .
空気
A2air
大気汚染
B1آلودگی هوا به معنای وجود مواد مضر در جو است. 'آلودگی هوا باعث بیماریهای تنفسی در بسیاری از مردم میشود.'
