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A2 noun 9 دقیقه مطالعه

índole

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها índole در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح índole in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'índole' frequently, but you should recognize it as a way to describe if someone is 'good' or 'bad' deep down. Think of it as a fancy way to say 'nature'. If someone says 'Ele é de boa índole', they mean 'He is a good person' or 'He has a good heart'. It is a feminine word, so we use 'a' and 'boa'. It is important to notice the accent on the 'í' which tells you to emphasize the first part of the word: ÍN-do-le. In simple terms, it's about the 'inside' of a person. You might see it in very basic stories describing characters as 'good' (boa índole) or 'bad' (má índole). Just remember: 'índole' = 'what a person is like inside'.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the A2 level, you can start using 'índole' to provide more detail when describing people. Instead of just saying 'Ele é bom', you can say 'Ele é de boa índole'. This shows you understand that being 'good' is part of their character. You will mainly use it with adjectives like 'boa' (good), 'má' (bad), and 'pacífica' (peaceful). You should also learn the phrase 'por índole', which means 'by nature'. For example, 'Ela é calma por índole' (She is calm by nature). This is a great way to talk about personality traits that seem natural to someone. Remember that 'índole' is a noun, not an adjective, so you always need an adjective to describe it.

By B1, you should be comfortable using 'índole' in both spoken and written Portuguese to discuss character and ethics. You can use it to distinguish between someone's current behavior and their true nature. For instance, 'Apesar do erro, ele é de boa índole' (Despite the mistake, he is of good nature). You'll also encounter this word in news articles, especially those involving social issues or human interest stories. You should begin to see the difference between 'índole' (innate nature) and 'caráter' (moral character which can be built). Using 'índole' adds a layer of sophistication to your vocabulary, moving you away from basic descriptions towards more abstract psychological concepts.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the B2 level, you should understand the use of 'índole' in formal and professional contexts. This includes legal news (where it refers to a criminal's disposition) and literature. You can use it to describe the nature of abstract things, such as 'a índole de um movimento social' (the nature of a social movement). You should be able to discuss the 'nature versus nurture' debate using terms like 'índole' versus 'educação' or 'meio ambiente'. Your use of collocations should expand to include 'índole questionadora' (questioning nature), 'índole perversa' (perverse nature), or 'índole generosa' (generous nature). You understand that calling someone 'um sujeito de má índole' is a significant moral judgment.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the C1 level, 'índole' becomes a tool for nuanced psychological and philosophical analysis. You can use it to discuss the intricacies of human behavior in academic or literary essays. You understand its etymological roots and how it relates to concepts like 'temperamento' and 'personalidade' with precision. You can identify and use 'índole' in its more metaphorical senses, such as describing the 'índole' of a historical period or a complex scientific problem. You are also aware of regional variations and synonyms like 'feitio' and how they differ in register. Your sentences should be complex, perhaps using 'índole' to contrast internal traits with external pressures or societal expectations.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the C2 level, you have a masterly command of 'índole'. You can use it to explore deep philosophical questions about the essence of being. You recognize it in archaic or highly poetic texts where it might carry slightly different shades of meaning. You can use the word to navigate the most formal legal, psychological, or diplomatic environments with ease. You understand the subtle implications when a writer chooses 'índole' over 'caráter' or 'natureza' to evoke a specific emotional or intellectual response. You can participate in high-level debates about the 'índole' of a nation's soul or the inherent 'índole' of power itself, using the word with perfect grammatical and contextual accuracy.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

índole در ۳۰ ثانیه

Índole is a feminine Portuguese noun meaning 'nature' or 'disposition', describing a person's inherent moral and psychological qualities.
It is most commonly used in phrases like 'boa índole' (good nature) and 'má índole' (bad nature) to judge character.
Grammatically, it always requires the feminine gender ('a índole') and carries a graphic accent on the first 'í'.
While similar to 'caráter' and 'personalidade', it specifically emphasizes traits that are considered innate or born with the person.

The Portuguese word índole is a profound noun that delves into the very core of a person's being. It refers to the inherent qualities of mind and character that define an individual; essentially, it is one's disposition or nature. Unlike temporary moods or learned behaviors, índole is often perceived as something innate, a psychological and moral foundation that remains relatively stable throughout life. In English, we might translate it as 'nature', 'character', 'temperament', or 'disposition', but índole carries a specific weight regarding moral fiber. When you describe someone's índole, you are not talking about their current mood, but rather their fundamental tendency to be good, bad, peaceful, or aggressive.

Moral Quality: The most common use of the word is to qualify someone's ethics. Phrases like 'boa índole' (good nature) and 'má índole' (bad nature) are staples in the Portuguese language to summarize a person's essence.

Sempre soube que ele era um homem de boa índole, incapaz de prejudicar alguém.

In social contexts, especially in Brazil and Portugal, assessing someone's índole is a way of determining trustworthiness. It is frequently used in formal settings, such as legal proceedings or psychological evaluations, to describe a defendant's character or a patient's natural tendencies. However, it is equally common in daily life when discussing friends, family, or public figures.

Innate Nature: The term implies that these traits are born with the person. It is the 'nature' in the 'nature versus nurture' debate.

A índole de uma criança pode ser observada desde cedo em suas reações simples.

Beyond people, índole can describe the 'nature' of abstract things, like the 'índole de um problema' (the nature of a problem), though this is less frequent than its application to sentient beings. Understanding this word is crucial for intermediate learners because it moves beyond simple adjectives like 'bom' or 'mau' and enters the realm of describing the human condition and personality depth. It is a feminine noun, so it is always a índole.

Social Judgment: To call someone 'um sujeito de má índole' is a severe social indictment, suggesting they are fundamentally untrustworthy or malicious.

Não se deixe enganar pelas aparências; ele possui uma índole questionável.

Sua índole pacífica sempre ajudou a resolver conflitos na família.

A empresa busca funcionários de excelente índole e ética profissional.

Using índole correctly requires understanding its grammatical role as a feminine noun and its typical collocations. Most often, it is paired with qualitative adjectives that describe the type of character being discussed. The most frequent pairings are boa (good) and má (bad). Because it is a 'proparoxítona' (stressed on the third-to-last syllable), it always carries a graphic accent on the 'í'.

Basic Structure: The typical structure is [Subject] + [Verb Ser/Ter] + [Preposition 'de' - optional] + [Adjective] + índole. For example: 'Ele é de boa índole' or 'Ele tem uma índole bondosa'.

A índole dele é agressiva, por isso evitamos discussões.

In more formal writing, índole can be used to describe the nature of things or groups. For instance, one might discuss the 'índole de um projeto' (the nature/character of a project) or the 'índole de uma nação' (the character of a nation). This elevates the register of the conversation significantly.

Describing Groups: When applied to a group, it refers to the collective temperament or the prevailing spirit of that community.

Diz-se que o povo brasileiro tem uma índole acolhedora e festiva.

Another important aspect is the use of 'por índole'. This means 'by nature' or 'inherently'. For example, 'Ele é calmo por índole' (He is calm by nature). This is a very natural way to express that a trait is not forced but comes from within.

The 'Por' Construction: Using 'por índole' functions as an adverbial phrase explaining the origin of a behavior.

Ela é generosa por índole, não por interesse.

O crime foi de tal gravidade que revelou a índole perversa do acusado.

Sua índole questionadora o levou a ser um grande cientista.

You will encounter índole in a variety of settings ranging from the very formal to the deeply personal. In the legal system of Portuguese-speaking countries, índole is a technical term used when discussing the 'personalidade do agente' (the agent's personality). Judges often consider whether a crime was an isolated incident or if it reflects the 'má índole' of the perpetrator, which can influence sentencing. If you read news reports about court cases, this word will appear frequently.

Legal Context: It is used to assess the moral character of defendants and witnesses. A 'pessoa de boa índole' might receive a lighter sentence for a first-time mistake.

O juiz ressaltou que o réu não possuía índole criminosa.

In literature, authors like Machado de Assis or Eça de Queirós used índole to dissect the psychological depth of their characters. It is a word that allows for a more nuanced description than just 'good' or 'bad'. It suggests a predisposition towards certain behaviors. In a more modern professional context, HR departments might use it during recruitment—though perhaps using more modern synonyms like 'perfil'—to describe the inherent nature of a candidate's work ethic.

Psychological Usage: Psychologists use it to talk about temperament and the biological basis of personality, distinguishing it from character which is shaped by environment.

A índole melancólica do poeta transparece em todos os seus versos.

Finally, in religious or philosophical discussions in Portuguese, índole is used to discuss the 'nature of the soul' or the 'essence of humanity'. It is a word that invites reflection on what is permanent versus what is fleeting in a person's identity.

Philosophical Nuance: It touches upon the debate of whether humans are born good or if their nature is corrupted by society.

Questionar a índole humana é um tema recorrente na filosofia clássica.

A índole caridosa daquela instituição é reconhecida por todos na cidade.

Não confio nele; sua índole é muito volúvel.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make with índole is treating it as a masculine noun because it ends in 'e'. However, it is strictly feminine: a índole. This means all accompanying articles and adjectives must be feminine. You would say 'uma índole boa', never 'um índole bom'.

Gender Agreement: Always use 'a', 'esta', 'aquela', or feminine adjectives. 'A índole dele é fantástica' (His nature is fantastic).

Errado: O índole dele é mau. Correto: A índole dele é má.

Another mistake is confusing índole with humor. While 'humor' refers to a temporary state of mind (being happy, sad, or angry today), índole refers to the permanent disposition. If someone is usually kind but is angry today, their índole is still 'boa', but their 'humor' is 'péssimo'.

State vs. Trait: Índole is a trait (permanent); Humor is a state (temporary). Don't use índole to describe how someone feels right now.

Ele tem uma índole alegre, mas hoje está de mau humor.

Lastly, learners often overuse 'personalidade' when índole would be more precise. 'Personalidade' is a broad term including social mask, habits, and preferences. Índole is specifically about the moral and natural core. Using índole shows a higher level of Portuguese proficiency.

Precision: Use 'índole' when you want to emphasize that a quality is innate or moral.

A índole dele é honesta; ele nunca mentiria por dinheiro.

Sua índole reservada faz com que ele prefira ficar em casa.

É difícil mudar a índole de uma pessoa adulta.

To truly master índole, it is helpful to compare it with its synonyms and related terms. While they often overlap, each has a specific 'flavor'.

Caráter vs. Índole: 'Caráter' (character) is often something you build through choices and education. 'Índole' is what you are born with. However, in common speech, they are frequently used interchangeably to mean moral standing.
Temperamento vs. Índole: 'Temperamento' is more about energy levels and emotional reactivity (e.g., a fiery temperament). 'Índole' includes these but adds a moral dimension.
Natureza vs. Índole: 'Natureza' is the closest synonym. You can say 'a natureza humana' or 'a índole humana'. 'Natureza' is slightly more general, while 'índole' is specifically focused on the psyche.

O caráter dele foi forjado nas dificuldades, mas sua índole sempre foi generosa.

In more formal or literary Portuguese, you might encounter 'genitura' or 'compleição', though these are rare. 'Gênio' is also used to describe a person's temperament, often in a more negative or stubborn sense (e.g., 'Ele tem um gênio difícil').

Personalidade: The most generic term. It encompasses índole, caráter, and behavior. Use it when you don't want to be specific about the origin of the traits.

Sua personalidade é marcante, mas sua índole é o que realmente conquista as pessoas.

Ele herdou a índole trabalhadora de seus pais.

A índole pacífica daquele animal é surpreendente.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The root 'olescere' is the same as in 'adolescent', implying that 'índole' is something that grows and nourishes within you from the start.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /ˈĩ.du.li/

US /ˈĩ.du.li/

Proparoxítona (stressed on the third-to-last syllable: ÍN-do-le).

هم‌قافیه با

bríndole (rare) líndole (rare) síndole (rare) controle (partial) mole (partial) prole sole (partial) vôlei (partial)

خطاهای رایج

Stressing the second syllable (in-DÓ-le).
Pronouncing the final 'e' as a hard 'ey' instead of a soft 'ee' (in Brazilian Portuguese).
Ignoring the nasalization of the 'í'.
Treating the 'í' as a short English 'i' instead of a long 'ee' sound.
Forgetting the accent mark when writing.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 3/5

Easy to recognize in texts once learned, though it looks like 'indolent'.

نوشتن 4/5

Requires remembering the accent and the feminine gender.

صحبت کردن 4/5

The proparoxítona stress can be tricky for English speakers.

گوش دادن 3/5

Clear pronunciation usually, but the nasal 'í' can be subtle.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

bom mau pessoa caráter natureza

بعداً یاد بگیرید

temperamento personalidade integridade ética moral

پیشرفته

idiossincrasia compleição genitura psiquismo

گرامر لازم

Proparoxítonas

Words stressed on the third-to-last syllable always have an accent (índole, pássaro, árvore).

Gender of nouns ending in -e

While many are masculine (o dente), some are feminine (a índole, a ponte).

Adjective Agreement

Adjectives must match the feminine 'índole' (índole boa, índole má).

Nasal Vowels

The 'í' in índole is nasalized because of the following 'n'.

Preposition 'de' for qualities

Using 'de' to link a person to a quality (Ele é DE boa índole).

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

Ele é um menino de boa índole.

He is a boy of good nature.

'Boa' agrees with the feminine noun 'índole'.

A índole dela é muito doce.

Her nature is very sweet.

Use 'a' because 'índole' is feminine.

Eu gosto da sua índole.

I like your nature.

'Da' is the contraction of 'de' + 'a'.

Ela tem uma boa índole.

She has a good nature.

Noun-adjective agreement: 'boa índole'.

A índole é importante.

Nature is important.

Simple subject-verb-adjective structure.

Ele não tem má índole.

He doesn't have a bad nature.

'Má' is the feminine of 'mau'.

Sua índole é calma.

Your nature is calm.

'Calma' describes the feminine noun 'índole'.

O cão tem boa índole.

The dog has a good nature.

'Boa índole' can also apply to animals.

Ele é calmo por índole.

He is calm by nature.

'Por índole' acts as an adverbial phrase.

Conheço a índole daquela família.

I know the nature of that family.

'Daquele' + 'a' = 'daquela'.

É uma pessoa de índole pacífica.

It is a person of peaceful nature.

'Pacífica' agrees with 'índole'.

Sempre confiei na sua boa índole.

I always trusted your good nature.

'Na' is 'em' + 'a'.

A índole dele é muito diferente da minha.

His nature is very different from mine.

Comparison using 'diferente de'.

Não julgue a índole de alguém rápido demais.

Don't judge someone's nature too quickly.

Imperative negative form 'Não julgue'.

Ela é generosa por índole.

She is generous by nature.

Using 'por' to show the origin of the trait.

A índole de uma criança é pura.

A child's nature is pure.

Genitive 'de uma criança'.

Apesar dos problemas, ele manteve sua índole honesta.

Despite the problems, he maintained his honest nature.

'Apesar de' requires a noun or infinitive.

Sua índole rebelde sempre o colocou em confusão.

His rebellious nature always got him into trouble.

'Rebelde' is an adjective for both genders, but 'sua' is feminine.

É difícil mudar a índole de quem já é adulto.

It is difficult to change the nature of someone who is already an adult.

'Quem' refers to the person.

A índole bondosa dela é um exemplo para todos.

Her kind nature is an example for everyone.

'Bondosa' is a more descriptive version of 'boa'.

Ele demonstrou uma índole corajosa durante o assalto.

He demonstrated a brave nature during the robbery.

Verb 'demonstrar' + noun 'índole'.

A índole questionadora é essencial para um cientista.

A questioning nature is essential for a scientist.

'Essencial para' + noun.

Nunca duvidei da índole íntegra do meu sócio.

I never doubted the upright nature of my partner.

Verb 'duvidar' requires the preposition 'de'.

Ela possui uma índole artística e criativa.

She possesses an artistic and creative nature.

Multiple adjectives agreeing with 'índole'.

O relatório psicológico destacou a índole agressiva do paciente.

The psychological report highlighted the patient's aggressive nature.

Formal vocabulary: 'relatório', 'destacou'.

A índole de um povo é moldada por sua história e cultura.

A people's nature is shaped by their history and culture.

Passive voice: 'é moldada'.

Ele foi absolvido porque o juiz reconheceu sua boa índole.

He was acquitted because the judge recognized his good nature.

Legal context vocabulary: 'absolvido', 'juiz'.

Sua índole reservada foi confundida com arrogância.

His reserved nature was mistaken for arrogance.

Passive voice 'foi confundida'.

A índole exploradora dos navegadores mudou o mundo.

The exploratory nature of the navigators changed the world.

Compound subject 'A índole exploradora'.

É preciso ter uma índole forte para enfrentar esses desafios.

It is necessary to have a strong nature to face these challenges.

Impersonal expression 'É preciso'.

A índole volúvel dela torna difícil qualquer compromisso.

Her fickle nature makes any commitment difficult.

'Torna' + adjective 'difícil'.

Ele é um político de índole duvidosa, segundo os críticos.

He is a politician of doubtful nature, according to critics.

'Segundo' used as 'according to'.

A índole melancólica do autor permeia toda a sua obra literária.

The author's melancholy nature permeates his entire literary work.

High-level verb 'permear'.

Discutir a índole humana requer uma análise sociológica profunda.

Discussing human nature requires a deep sociological analysis.

Infinitive subject 'Discutir'.

A índole autoritária do regime gerou revoltas populares.

The authoritarian nature of the regime generated popular revolts.

Political/Historical context.

Sua índole altruísta manifesta-se em pequenas ações cotidianas.

His altruistic nature manifests itself in small daily actions.

Pronominal verb 'manifestar-se'.

A índole intrínseca de certas substâncias pode ser perigosa.

The intrinsic nature of certain substances can be dangerous.

Scientific use of 'índole'.

O filósofo questionava se a índole é inata ou adquirida.

The philosopher questioned whether nature is innate or acquired.

Indirect question 'se a índole...'.

A índole competitiva do mercado exige constante inovação.

The competitive nature of the market demands constant innovation.

Business context.

Sua índole mística levava-o a buscar respostas no sobrenatural.

His mystical nature led him to seek answers in the supernatural.

Imperfect tense 'levava-o'.

A índole camaleônica do espião permitia-lhe infiltrar-se em qualquer meio.

The spy's chameleonic nature allowed him to infiltrate any environment.

Metaphorical adjective 'camaleônica'.

O determinismo biológico sugere que a índole é imutável.

Biological determinism suggests that nature is immutable.

Academic/Scientific terminology.

A índole belicosa das tribos ancestrais moldou as fronteiras atuais.

The bellicose nature of ancestral tribes shaped current borders.

Archaic/Formal adjective 'belicosa'.

Subjaz à sua retórica uma índole profundamente manipuladora.

Underlying his rhetoric is a deeply manipulative nature.

Advanced verb 'subjazer'.

A índole efêmera da fama é um tema central na poesia barroca.

The ephemeral nature of fame is a central theme in Baroque poetry.

Literary analysis context.

Ele possuía uma índole estóica, aceitando o destino sem lamúrias.

He possessed a stoic nature, accepting fate without complaints.

Philosophical adjective 'estóica'.

A índole predatória do capitalismo desenfreado é alvo de críticas.

The predatory nature of unbridled capitalism is a target of criticism.

Critical/Political discourse.

Sua índole dionisíaca contrastava com a rigidez da sociedade vitoriana.

His Dionysian nature contrasted with the rigidity of Victorian society.

Cultural/Historical reference 'dionisíaca'.

ترکیب‌های رایج

boa índole

má índole

por índole

índole pacífica

índole agressiva

índole questionadora

índole generosa

índole rebelde

índole duvidosa

índole honesta

عبارات رایج

Ser de boa índole

— To be a person with a naturally good heart and character.

Todos na vila sabem que ele é de boa índole.

Revelar a índole

— To show one's true colors or natural character through actions.

A crise revelou a verdadeira índole do gerente.

Ter má índole

— To have a naturally bad or malicious character.

Infelizmente, ele provou ter má índole.

Índole do problema

— The nature or essential character of a specific problem.

Precisamos entender a índole deste problema técnico.

Pessoa de índole

— A person of character (usually implies good character if not specified).

Ele é uma pessoa de índole, pode confiar.

Índole nacional

— The collective character or temperament of a nation.

A índole nacional é marcada pela resiliência.

Por pura índole

— Acting purely based on one's natural disposition without external motive.

Ele ajudou por pura índole, sem esperar nada.

Índole pacata

— A quiet, peaceful, and non-confrontational nature.

Ele leva uma vida tranquila devido à sua índole pacata.

Formar a índole

— The process (often in childhood) of shaping one's basic nature.

A educação ajuda a formar a índole do cidadão.

Índole perversa

— A cruel or wicked nature.

Suas ações demonstram uma índole perversa.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

índole vs indolente

Indolente means lazy, while índole means nature/character. They share a root but are used differently.

índole vs índice

Índice means index or rate (like inflation). It sounds similar but has no relation to character.

índole vs ídolo

Ídolo means idol. Be careful with the spelling.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"Vaso ruim não quebra"

— Bad people (of bad índole) seem to endure or survive everything.

Aquele vizinho de má índole continua lá; vaso ruim não quebra.

informal

"Quem nasce torto, tarde ou nunca se endireita"

— Suggests that someone's índole is fixed and they won't change.

Não espere honestidade dele; quem nasce torto tarde ou nunca se endireita.

proverb

"Lobo em pele de cordeiro"

— Someone of bad índole pretending to be good.

Cuidado com ele, é um lobo em pele de cordeiro.

idiomatic

"Pau que nasce torto, morre torto"

— Another version of the idea that índole is permanent.

Ele não vai mudar; pau que nasce torto, morre torto.

informal

"A cara é o espelho da alma"

— Suggests that one's índole is visible in their face.

Olhe para ele; a cara é o espelho da alma.

common saying

"Diz-me com quem andas e dir-te-ei quem és"

— Associations reveal your true índole.

Ele anda com criminosos; diz-me com quem andas e dir-te-ei quem és.

proverb

"Mudar da água para o vinho"

— A radical change in behavior (though índole is usually stable).

Depois do susto, sua índole parece ter mudado da água para o vinho.

informal

"Ter o coração perto da boca"

— Having a sincere and honest índole.

Ela é de boa índole, tem o coração perto da boca.

informal

"Não valer o prato que come"

— Describing someone of very bad índole.

Aquele sujeito não vale o prato que come.

slang/insult

"Ser farinha do mesmo saco"

— Having the same (usually bad) índole as someone else.

Aqueles dois políticos são farinha do mesmo saco.

informal

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

índole vs Caráter

Both describe personality and morality.

Caráter is often seen as developed through will and habit; índole is seen as innate and natural.

Ele tem um caráter forte, mas uma índole doce.

índole vs Personalidade

Broad terms for who a person is.

Personalidade includes all traits (social, habits); índole is specifically the moral/inner core.

Sua personalidade é extrovertida, mas sua índole é reservada.

índole vs Temperamento

Both refer to innate traits.

Temperamento is physiological (energy, mood); índole includes moral tendencies.

O temperamento dele é colérico, mas sua índole é justa.

índole vs Humor

Both describe states of being.

Humor is temporary (today); índole is permanent (always).

Ele está de mau humor, mas sua índole é alegre.

índole vs Natureza

Very close synonyms.

Natureza is more general (nature of things/animals); índole is more psychological/human-focused.

A natureza da luz é complexa; a índole dele é simples.

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

[Nome] é de boa índole.

O Pedro é de boa índole.

[Nome] é [Adjetivo] por índole.

Ela é calma por índole.

Apesar de [Problema], sua índole é [Adjetivo].

Apesar de pobre, sua índole é honesta.

É difícil mudar a índole de [Pessoa].

É difícil mudar a índole de um criminoso.

A índole de [Grupo] é [Adjetivo].

A índole dos brasileiros é alegre.

Revelar a verdadeira índole de [Pessoa].

A briga revelou a verdadeira índole dele.

A índole [Adjetivo] de [Coisa] permeia [Contexto].

A índole mística da obra permeia os capítulos.

Subjaz a [Ação] uma índole [Adjetivo].

Subjaz à sua fala uma índole irônica.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

índole

صفت‌ها

indolente (related root but different meaning: lazy)

مرتبط

caráter

temperamento

natureza

personalidade

disposição

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Common in both spoken and written Portuguese, though more frequent in discussions about morality.

اشتباهات رایج

O índole dele é bom. → A índole dele é boa.
Índole is a feminine noun, so the article and adjective must be feminine.
Ele é indolente por índole. → Ele é preguiçoso por natureza. (or similar)
While 'indolente' and 'índole' share a root, using them together is redundant and 'indolente' specifically means lazy.
Pronouncing it as in-DO-le. → ÍN-do-le.
The word is a proparoxítona; the stress must be on the third-to-last syllable.
Eu gosto do seu índole. → Eu gosto da sua índole.
Contraction 'de' + 'a' = 'da', and 'sua' instead of 'seu' to match the feminine noun.
Using 'índole' for a temporary mood. → Ele está de mau humor hoje.
Índole refers to permanent character, not temporary feelings.

نکات

Gender Agreement

Always remember that 'índole' is feminine. Say 'a índole' and 'boa índole'. Even if you are talking about a man, the adjective modifying 'índole' must be feminine.

Use 'Por Índole'

To sound more like a native speaker, use the phrase 'por índole' instead of 'naturalmente' when describing someone's traits. For example: 'Ela é honesta por índole'.

Stress the First Syllable

Índole is a proparoxítona. This means the stress is on the 'í'. Don't stress the 'do' or 'le'.

Legal Nuance

If you hear 'má índole' in a news report about a crime, it's a serious legal assessment of the person's character.

Índole vs. Caráter

Use 'índole' for things that seem born-in, and 'caráter' for things that seem like a result of personal choice or upbringing.

Accent Mark

Always write 'índole' with the acute accent on the 'í'. It is mandatory in Portuguese.

Describing People

Using 'boa índole' is a high compliment. It implies you trust the person at their core.

Avoid 'Indolente'

Be careful not to say 'índole' when you mean 'lazy'. Lazy is 'preguiçoso' or 'indolente'.

Nasal 'í'

The 'í' in índole is nasal because of the 'n'. It sounds a bit like the 'ee' in 'seen' but more through the nose.

Novelas

In Brazilian soap operas, character descriptions often hinge on whether someone is of 'boa' or 'má' índole.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of 'IN-DO-LE' as 'INside DOing Life'. It is the 'inside' part of you that determines how you 'do life'.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a seedling inside a person's chest. The type of plant (rose, thorn, oak) represents their 'índole'—it is what they are naturally growing into.

شبکه واژگان

Alma (Soul) Corpo (Body) Moral (Moral) Nascimento (Birth) Inato (Innate) Gênio (Genius/Temper) Bondade (Goodness) Maldade (Badness)

چالش

Try to describe three people you know using the phrase 'de boa índole' or 'por índole'. Write one sentence for each.

ریشه کلمه

From the Latin 'indoles', which is composed of 'indu' (within) and 'olescere' (to grow).

معنای اصلی: In Latin, it meant 'innate quality', 'natural talent', or 'disposition'.

Romance (Latin root).

بافت فرهنگی

Calling someone 'de má índole' is a very strong personal attack. Use it with caution as it implies they are fundamentally a bad person.

In English, we use 'nature' or 'character' similarly, but 'índole' feels slightly more formal and specific to innate traits.

Machado de Assis uses 'índole' frequently in 'Dom Casmurro' to describe Bentinho's jealousy. The Portuguese Penal Code (Código Penal) uses 'índole' to assess criminal liability. Fado lyrics often speak of the 'índole' of the Portuguese soul (saudade).

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Describing Friends

Ele é de boa índole.
Confio na sua índole.
Temos índoles parecidas.
Sua índole é admirável.

Legal/News

Réu de má índole.
Atestado de boa índole.
Índole criminosa.
Avaliação da índole.

Psychology

Índole inata.
Traços de índole.
Índole e comportamento.
Mudança de índole.

Workplace

Índole profissional.
Buscamos boa índole.
Índole colaborativa.
Conflito de índole.

Animals

Cão de boa índole.
Índole dócil.
Índole selvagem.
Animal de índole mansa.

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"Você acha que a índole de uma pessoa pode mudar com o tempo?"

"Como você descreveria a índole do povo do seu país?"

"Você acredita que nascemos com uma índole definida ou ela é construída?"

"Qual traço de índole você mais admira em um amigo?"

"É possível identificar a índole de alguém logo no primeiro encontro?"

موضوعات نگارش

Reflita sobre sua própria índole. Quais são as qualidades que você considera inatas em você?

Descreva uma situação em que a índole de alguém o surpreendeu, positiva ou negativamente.

Pense em um personagem de livro ou filme. Como a índole dele guiou suas decisões na história?

Escreva sobre a importância de ter uma boa índole no mundo profissional hoje em dia.

A índole e o caráter são a mesma coisa para você? Explique sua visão.

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Yes, 'índole' is a feminine noun. You must always use feminine articles and adjectives with it, such as 'a índole' or 'boa índole', regardless of the gender of the person you are describing.

They are very similar. However, 'boa índole' suggests the person was born good or is naturally kind. 'Bom caráter' suggests they have good moral principles and make right choices. In practice, they are often interchangeable.

Yes, it is very common to describe an animal's temperament using 'índole'. For example, 'um cavalo de índole mansa' (a gentle-natured horse).

The accent indicates that the 'í' is the stressed syllable. It should be pronounced clearly and slightly longer than the other syllables: ÍN-do-le.

Yes, it is the standard way to say someone has a bad character or is naturally malicious. It is a strong term of judgment.

Yes, 'índoles' exists, but it is much less common. You might use it when comparing the different natures of several people: 'As índoles dos dois irmãos eram opostas'.

No. You might be thinking of 'indolente', which means lazy. 'Índole' is a noun meaning nature or character.

It is better to say 'ele tem uma índole alegre'. 'Feliz' is usually a state, while 'alegre' can be a permanent trait of one's nature.

Yes, often in recruitment or when discussing corporate ethics, though terms like 'perfil' or 'valores' are also common.

It comes from the Latin 'indoles', meaning innate quality or disposition.

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