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B1 noun #3,500 پرکاربردترین 8 دقیقه مطالعه

현실

hyeonsil رتبه 3,500

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 현실 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 현실 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know that '현실' (hyeonsil) means 'reality.' Think of it as the opposite of a 'dream' (꿈 - kkum). For example, if you are playing a video game, that is a game world, but when you stop playing, you are in '현실.' It's a noun. You might hear it in simple sentences like 'Reality is hard' (현실은 힘들어요). At this stage, focus on the basic contrast between what is real and what is made up. You don't need to worry about complex grammar; just remember it as the word for 'the real world.'

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At the A2 level, you can start using '현실' with basic particles and verbs. You might say 'My dream became reality' (꿈이 현실이 되었어요). You are also likely to encounter '현실' in the context of technology, such as '가상 현실' (Virtual Reality). You should understand that '현실' is a noun that describes the world around you. You can use it to talk about your daily life in a general way. Try to notice how it is different from '사실' (fact), which you might also be learning now. '현실' is the big picture, while '사실' is a small detail.

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At the B1 level (Intermediate), you should be able to use '현실' to express more complex thoughts. This is when you start using the adjective form '현실적' (realistic). You might discuss whether a plan is '현실적' or '비현실적' (unrealistic). You will also hear this word in dramas and news reports about social issues. For example, 'the reality of the economy' (경제의 현실). You should understand phrases like '현실을 직시하다' (to face reality). This level requires you to use the word to bridge the gap between your hopes and the actual situation you are in.

At the B2 level, you should understand the deeper social and emotional nuances of '현실.' You might use it to critique society or talk about '냉혹한 현실' (the cold/harsh reality) of the job market. You should be comfortable using it in formal settings, such as presentations or essays, to describe the current state of affairs. You will also recognize it in idiomatic expressions and slang, like '현타' (reality hit). At this level, you can distinguish '현실' from similar words like '실제' or '실상' and choose the most natural one for the context.

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At the C1 level, you use '현실' with academic and philosophical precision. You can discuss '현실주의' (Realism) in literature or art. You understand the subtle differences between '객관적 현실' (objective reality) and '주관적 현실' (subjective reality). You can use the word to describe complex systemic issues, such as '현실과의 괴리' (the gap/detachment from reality). Your usage should be fluid, incorporating the word into high-level debates about politics, philosophy, or social structures, and you should be able to explain the Hanja roots and their implications.

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At the C2 level, you have a native-like command of '현실.' You can use it to navigate highly nuanced legal, medical, or philosophical texts. You understand its role in historical contexts and how the perception of '현실' has changed in Korean society over decades. You can use it in creative writing to evoke a sense of '현실감' (realism) or to subvert it. You are aware of all its collocations and can use it ironically or metaphorically. You can effortlessly switch between formal discourse and the latest internet slang involving '현실,' showing a complete mastery of the word's social and linguistic functions.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

현실 در ۳۰ ثانیه

현실 (Hyeonsil) means 'reality' or the 'actual state' of the world.
It is commonly contrasted with 'dreams' (꿈) or 'ideals' (이상).
The word is used in both daily life and technical contexts like VR.
It often carries a pragmatic or serious tone in Korean conversation.

The Korean word 현실 (現實) is a profound and multifaceted noun that translates most directly to "reality" in English. At its core, it represents the state of things as they actually exist, often standing in stark contrast to dreams, ideals, or theoretical constructs. To understand this word deeply, one must look at its Hanja roots: 現 (현) meaning "to appear" or "current," and 實 (실) meaning "fruit," "truth," or "actual." Together, they describe the "actual state that has appeared before us." In the Korean psyche, hyeonsil is not just a philosophical concept; it is a grounding force. It is the wall that dreams often hit, the baseline for decision-making, and the shared space of human existence.

Philosophical Anchor: In Korean discourse, 현실 is frequently used to distinguish between what we want (이상 - ideal) and what we have. It carries a weight of pragmatism. When someone says "현실을 직시해라" (Face reality), they are calling for an end to delusion or overly optimistic thinking.
Socio-Economic Context: The term is heavily utilized in discussions about the economy, job markets, and social issues. For instance, '냉혹한 현실' (the cold, harsh reality) is a common phrase used by young people in Korea to describe the competitive nature of finding employment or the rising cost of living in Seoul.

꿈은 높지만 현실은 냉정하다.
— Common Korean Proverbial Expression (Dreams are high, but reality is cold.)

Beyond the abstract, 현실 is used in technical and modern contexts. With the rise of technology, terms like 가상 현실 (Virtual Reality - VR) and 증강 현실 (Augmented Reality - AR) have become household names, using '현실' to denote the simulated or enhanced experiences of the world. Furthermore, the modern slang term 현타 (Hyeont-ta), a contraction of '현실 자각 타임' (Reality Awareness Time), refers to that sudden, often disappointing moment when one is snapped out of a fantasy or a distraction and forced to face their actual situation.

우리는 현실적인 해결책을 찾아야 합니다.

Daily Interaction: In everyday conversation, Koreans use this word to express disappointment or to bring a sense of gravity to a discussion. If a friend plans a trip they can't afford, you might say, "현실적으로 생각해 봐" (Think about it realistically).

In summary, 현실 is the fabric of the 'now.' It is used by students facing exams, workers facing layoffs, and dreamers facing their limits. It is a word that demands respect and acknowledgment, serving as the ultimate reference point for truth in the Korean language.

Using 현실 correctly requires understanding its grammatical flexibility as a noun. It often pairs with verbs of perception, change, or state. Because it represents a broad concept, it frequently takes particles like -은/는 (topic), -이/가 (subject), or -을/를 (object) to anchor its role in the sentence.

Descriptive Usage: When describing the nature of reality, we use adjectives like 냉혹하다 (cold/harsh), 답답하다 (suffocating), or 아름답다 (beautiful). For example: "현실은 생각보다 복잡하다" (Reality is more complex than thought).

그 영화는 현실을 아주 잘 반영하고 있어요.
(That movie reflects reality very well.)

A very common grammatical pattern is turning the noun into an adjective: 현실적 (Realistic). By adding the suffix -적, you can describe people, plans, or ideas. "현실적인 계획" (A realistic plan) is a phrase you will hear in every corporate meeting in Korea. Conversely, 비현실적 (Unrealistic) is used to dismiss ideas that lack grounding.

나의 꿈이 드디어 현실이 되었다.
(My dream finally became reality.)

Common Verb Pairings

현실로 다가오다: To approach reality (to become imminent)
현실을 부정하다: To deny reality
현실에 안주하다: To settle for reality (to be complacent)
현실을 파악하다: To grasp/understand the reality of a situation

When using 현실 in a sentence, consider the level of formality. In formal presentations, you might say "현재의 현실을 고려할 때..." (Considering the current reality...). In a casual setting with a friend who is daydreaming, a simple "현실을 봐" (Look at reality) suffices. The word acts as a bridge between internal thoughts and the external world, making it indispensable for meaningful communication.

If you immerse yourself in Korean media, 현실 will appear constantly, though its emotional weight varies by context. From the gritty dialogues of 'Noir' films to the analytical segments of nightly news, this word is the heartbeat of contemporary Korean storytelling.

In K-Dramas and Movies: Korean dramas often revolve around the 'gap' between characters' aspirations and their social reality. You'll hear phrases like "이게 바로 현실이야" (This is exactly what reality is like) when a character faces a systemic obstacle, such as wealth inequality or corporate corruption. It’s used to emphasize that life isn't a fairy tale.

드라마는 드라마일 뿐, 현실은 달라요.
(Dramas are just dramas; reality is different.)

In the world of Variety Shows, the word takes on a more humorous or relatable tone. When a celebrity who usually looks perfect is shown doing something mundane like eating ramen in pajamas, the captions might read "현실적인 모습" (A realistic side). This usage highlights authenticity and relatability, breaking the 'idol' image to show the 'real' person.

가상 세계와 현실 세계를 구분해야 합니다.
(One must distinguish between the virtual world and the real world.)

In News and Documentaries: News anchors frequently use 현실 when reporting on statistics. "고령화 사회의 현실" (The reality of an aging society) or "취업난의 현실" (The reality of the job shortage). Here, it serves as a prefix to ground the data in the lived experience of the citizens.

Finally, you'll hear it in music. Many K-Hip Hop and Indie tracks contrast the 'dream' of success with the '현실' of the struggle. When you hear this word, pay attention to the tone—it is rarely neutral; it usually carries the weight of truth, whether that truth is bitter, grounding, or surprisingly beautiful.

For English speakers, the primary challenge with 현실 lies in its overlap with other Korean words that also translate to "real," "fact," or "truth." Misusing these can lead to sentences that sound unnatural or confusing to native speakers.

Mistake 1: Confusing 현실 with 사실 (Sasil): While both can mean 'truth,' 사실 refers to a specific, verifiable piece of information (a fact). 현실 refers to the broad state of existence. You say "그것은 사실이다" (That is a fact), but you say "현실은 냉정하다" (Reality is cold). You cannot say "사실은 냉정하다" to mean life is hard.

❌ 이 이야기는 현실이다.
✅ 이 이야기는 사실이다.
(Use 'Sasil' for 'this story is true/a fact'.)

Another common error is using 현실 when 실제 (Sil-je) is required. Sil-je is used to emphasize 'actual' vs 'theoretical' or 'on paper.' For example, if you are talking about how a person looks in person versus in a photo, you use 실제. "실물이 더 예뻐요" (The actual person is prettier). Using 현실 here would sound like a philosophical statement about their existence rather than their appearance.

❌ 현실 세계에서 만나요.
✅ 현실에서 만나요.
(While 'reality world' is technically okay, '현실에서' (in reality) is much more natural.)

Mistake 2: Overusing '현실적' for 'Practical': While '현실적' means realistic, if you mean something is 'handy' or 'useful' in a physical sense, use 실용적 (Silyong-jeok). '현실적' is about the feasibility of an idea, whereas '실용적' is about the utility of an object.

Lastly, be careful with the particle -로. To say "in reality," you usually use 현실에서는 or 사실상. Using 현실로 usually implies a direction, such as "returning to reality" (현실로 돌아오다). Using the wrong particle can shift the meaning from a state of being to a physical destination.

To truly master 현실, you must see where it fits in the family of words related to truth and existence. Korean has a rich vocabulary for different shades of 'real,' and choosing the right one will make you sound much more sophisticated.

현실 (Hyeonsil) vs. 사실 (Sasil): 현실: The broad, ongoing state of the world. (e.g., "The reality of poverty.")
사실: A specific point of truth or a fact. (e.g., "The fact that he is poor.")
현실 (Hyeonsil) vs. 실제 (Silje): 현실: Often used in contrast to dreams or ideals. (Conceptual reality).
실제: Often used in contrast to theory, rumors, or appearances. (Practical reality). For example, "실제 상황" (Actual situation) vs. "현실 세계" (Real world).

그의 말은 사실이지만, 현실적으로는 불가능하다.
(What he said is a fact, but realistically it's impossible.)

Other useful alternatives include 실상 (Silsang), which means the "actual state of affairs," often used when the truth is hidden or different from what people think. For example, "그의 실상은 다르다" (His true nature/reality is different). Then there is 진실 (Jinsil), which means 'truth' in a more moral or absolute sense, like the truth in a courtroom or the truth of one's heart.

이것은 실용적인 도구입니다.
(This is a practical tool. - Note the use of 'Silyong-jeok' instead of 'Hyeonsil-jeok'.)

When you want to emphasize that something is grounded in the real world, you can also use the adjective 현실감 있는 (Realistic/Lifelike). This is often used for art, CGI, or acting. "현실감 있는 연기" (Realistic acting) suggests that the actor made the character feel like a real person you could meet in 현실. By mastering these nuances, you transition from simply translating words to understanding the emotional and logical landscape of the Korean language.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The character 實 (실) originally depicted a string of coins inside a house, representing wealth or 'substance'—which is why it now means truth or reality.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /hjʌn.ɕil/

US /hjʌn.ɕil/

In Korean, syllables generally have equal stress, but a slight emphasis may be felt on the first syllable '현'.

هم‌قافیه با

진실 (Truth) 결실 (Fruit/Result) 성실 (Sincerity) 충실 (Faithfulness) 부실 (Weakness) 사실 (Fact) 거실 (Living room) 교실 (Classroom)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing '실' like the English 'seal' (it should be a shorter 'i' sound).
Making the 'ㄹ' sound too much like an 'R' or 'L' (it is a tap between the two).
Over-aspirating the 'h' in '현'.
Failing to pronounce the 'ㄴ' clearly before the 'ㅅ'.
Pronouncing '현' like 'hen' (it needs the 'y' glide).

سطح دشواری

خواندن 3/5

Commonly seen in news and books; Hanja is straightforward.

نوشتن 4/5

Requires understanding of various particles and verb pairings.

صحبت کردن 3/5

Pronunciation is easy, but usage in context requires practice.

گوش دادن 3/5

Frequently used in dramas and variety shows.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

꿈 (Dream) 세상 (World) 진짜 (Real/Really) 사실 (Fact) 생각 (Thought)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

이상 (Ideal) 실현 (Realization) 반영 (Reflection) 직시 (Facing squarely) 괴리 (Gap)

پیشرفته

실존주의 (Existentialism) 초현실주의 (Surrealism) 물질주의 (Materialism) 객관성 (Objectivity)

گرامر لازم

-적 (Suffix to form adjectives)

현실 + 적 = 현실적 (Realistic)

-화 (Suffix for 'ization')

현실 + 화 = 현실화 (Actualization)

-적으로 (Adverbial form)

현실적으로 생각하다 (Think realistically)

-이/가 되다 (Become something)

꿈이 현실이 되다 (Dream becomes reality)

-은/는 (Contrastive topic particle)

꿈은 좋지만 현실은 나쁘다 (Dreams are good but reality is bad)

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

현실은 꿈이 아니에요.

Reality is not a dream.

Subject particle -은 used for contrast.

이것은 현실입니다.

This is reality.

Formal ending -입니다.

현실을 보세요.

Look at reality.

Object particle -를 with imperative verb.

현실은 어려워요.

Reality is difficult.

Adjective '어렵다' (to be difficult).

현실과 게임은 달라요.

Reality and games are different.

Conjunctive particle -과 (and).

진짜 현실이에요?

Is it real reality?

Polite question ending -이에요?

현실이 싫어요.

I hate reality.

Subject particle -이 with '싫다' (to dislike).

현실로 돌아와요.

Come back to reality.

Directional particle -로.

가상 현실 게임을 좋아해요.

I like virtual reality games.

Compound noun '가상 현실'.

현실은 영화와 달라요.

Reality is different from movies.

Comparison -와 다르다.

현실적인 생각을 하세요.

Have realistic thoughts.

Adjective form '현실적인'.

꿈이 현실이 됐어요.

The dream became reality.

Verb '되다' (to become).

현실적으로 가능해요?

Is it realistically possible?

Adverbial form '현실적으로'.

현실은 아주 복잡해요.

Reality is very complex.

Adverb '아주' (very).

현실 세계는 넓어요.

The real world is wide.

Noun '세계' (world).

현실을 잊고 싶어요.

I want to forget reality.

Verb ending -고 싶다 (want to).

우리는 현실을 직시해야 합니다.

We must face reality.

Verb '직시하다' (to face squarely).

그의 계획은 전혀 현실적이지 않아요.

His plan is not realistic at all.

Negation -지 않다.

현실의 벽에 부딪혔어요.

I hit the wall of reality.

Metaphorical use of '벽' (wall).

현실과 이상 사이에서 고민해요.

I'm struggling between reality and ideals.

Noun '이상' (ideal).

이 소설은 현실을 잘 반영합니다.

This novel reflects reality well.

Verb '반영하다' (to reflect).

냉혹한 현실을 깨달았어요.

I realized the cold reality.

Adjective '냉혹한' (cold/harsh).

현실적으로 돈이 부족해요.

Realistically, there isn't enough money.

Adverbial use in a sentence.

현실에 안주하지 마세요.

Don't settle for reality.

Phrase '현실에 안주하다' (to be complacent).

한국 사회의 현실을 비판하는 영화예요.

It's a movie that criticizes the reality of Korean society.

Verb '비판하다' (to criticize).

현실감이 떨어지는 연기였어요.

It was acting that lacked a sense of reality.

Noun '현실감' (sense of reality).

현실을 도피하려고 하지 마세요.

Don't try to escape from reality.

Verb '도피하다' (to escape/evade).

기술의 발달로 가상과 현실의 경계가 무너졌다.

With the development of technology, the boundary between virtual and reality has collapsed.

Noun '경계' (boundary).

현실적인 대안을 제시해 주십시오.

Please suggest a realistic alternative.

Noun '대안' (alternative).

이것이 우리가 처한 현실입니다.

This is the reality we are facing.

Relative clause '우리가 처한' (that we are in).

현실을 왜곡해서는 안 됩니다.

You must not distort reality.

Verb '왜곡하다' (to distort).

그는 현실 감각이 뛰어난 사람이다.

He is a person with an excellent sense of reality.

Noun phrase '현실 감각'.

정치적 수사와 현실은 종종 괴리되어 있다.

Political rhetoric and reality are often detached.

Noun '괴리' (detachment/gap).

작가는 현실주의 기법을 사용하여 사회를 묘사했다.

The author described society using realism techniques.

Noun '현실주의' (Realism).

구조적 모순이 현실로 드러나기 시작했다.

Structural contradictions began to emerge as reality.

Noun '모순' (contradiction).

그 정책은 현실을 도외시한 탁상공론에 불과하다.

That policy is nothing more than armchair theory that ignores reality.

Idiom '탁상공론' (armchair theory).

인간은 자신의 욕망을 현실에 투영한다.

Humans project their desires onto reality.

Verb '투영하다' (to project).

암담한 현실 속에서도 희망을 잃지 않았다.

Even in the bleak reality, they did not lose hope.

Adjective '암담한' (bleak/dark).

현실을 타개하기 위해 혁신이 필요하다.

Innovation is needed to overcome reality (the current situation).

Verb '타개하다' (to break through/resolve).

현실 세계의 복잡성을 단순화할 수는 없다.

The complexity of the real world cannot be simplified.

Noun '복잡성' (complexity).

포스트모더니즘은 현실의 객관성에 의문을 제기한다.

Postmodernism questions the objectivity of reality.

Noun '객관성' (objectivity).

그의 철학은 현실의 가변성을 전제로 한다.

His philosophy is predicated on the variability of reality.

Noun '가변성' (variability).

현실과 가상의 전도 현상이 심화되고 있다.

The phenomenon of inversion between reality and the virtual is deepening.

Noun '전도' (inversion).

재현된 현실은 원본보다 더 강력한 힘을 발휘한다.

Represented reality exerts more power than the original.

Passive participle '재현된' (represented/reproduced).

현실의 무게를 견디지 못한 자들의 비극이다.

It is the tragedy of those who could not bear the weight of reality.

Metaphorical '무게' (weight).

언어는 현실을 규정하는 틀로 작용한다.

Language acts as a framework that defines reality.

Verb '규정하다' (to define/stipulate).

현실 정치의 비정함은 상상을 초월한다.

The ruthlessness of realpolitik transcends imagination.

Adjective '비정함' (ruthlessness).

우리는 끊임없이 현실을 재구성하며 살아간다.

We live by constantly reconstructing reality.

Verb '재구성하다' (to reconstruct).

مترادف‌ها

실제 현상 사실 실상

متضادها

이상 가상 꿈

ترکیب‌های رایج

현실을 직시하다

현실로 다가오다

현실에 안주하다

냉혹한 현실

가상 현실

현실적인 대안

현실과 동떨어지다

현실이 되다

현실을 부정하다

현실을 파악하다

عبارات رایج

현실 자각 타임 (현타)

— A moment of sudden realization of reality, often after a fantasy.

게임을 끄고 나니 현타가 왔다.

현실 세계

— The real world, as opposed to digital or imaginary ones.

현실 세계에서는 불가능한 일이다.

현실 도피

— Escapism; trying to avoid facing the real world.

그는 현실 도피를 위해 여행을 떠났다.

꿈 같은 현실

— A reality so good it feels like a dream.

합격 소식은 꿈 같은 현실이었다.

현실 남매

— Siblings who act 'realistically' (fighting, bickering) rather than being sweet.

우리는 전형적인 현실 남매다.

비현실적

— Unrealistic or surreal.

풍경이 너무 아름다워서 비현실적이었다.

현실 고증

— Historical or factual accuracy in media.

이 드라마는 현실 고증이 잘 되어 있다.

현실판

— The real-life version of something.

현실판 신데렐라 이야기.

현실 점검

— A reality check.

우리에겐 지금 현실 점검이 필요하다.

현실 밀착형

— Closely related to real life; down-to-earth.

현실 밀착형 가사가 인상적이다.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

현실 vs 사실

사실 is a 'fact' (verifiable piece of info), while 현실 is 'reality' (the whole situation).

현실 vs 실제

실제 emphasizes 'actual practice' or 'real-life' versus theory.

현실 vs 진실

진실 is 'truth' in a moral or absolute sense, like the opposite of a lie.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"현실의 벽"

— The limitations or obstacles of reality that prevent one from achieving a goal.

그는 현실의 벽 앞에서 좌절했다.

Common

"현실로 나타나다"

— To manifest in reality; for something predicted to happen.

우려했던 일이 현실로 나타났다.

Neutral

"현실과 타협하다"

— To compromise with reality; to give up on ideals for practical reasons.

그는 결국 현실과 타협하고 취직했다.

Neutral

"현실을 외면하다"

— To turn one's eyes away from reality; to ignore facts.

현실을 외면한다고 문제가 해결되지는 않는다.

Common

"현실에 뿌리를 박다"

— To be firmly rooted in reality.

그의 철학은 현실에 뿌리를 박고 있다.

Literary

"현실을 직관하다"

— To perceive reality directly/intuitively.

상황의 현실을 직관하는 능력이 중요하다.

Academic

"현실을 수용하다"

— To accept reality as it is.

변화된 현실을 수용하는 자세가 필요하다.

Formal

"현실을 재단하다"

— To judge or categorize reality (often based on one's own standards).

자신의 잣대로 현실을 재단해서는 안 된다.

Formal

"현실이 녹록지 않다"

— Reality is not easy/simple (often used to describe tough situations).

성공하기에 현실이 녹록지 않다.

Common

"현실에 눈을 뜨다"

— To have one's eyes opened to reality; to realize the truth.

그는 이제야 현실에 눈을 떴다.

Common

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

현실 vs 사실

Both translate to 'real' or 'truth' in certain contexts.

Use 사실 for data points; use 현실 for the state of the world.

그가 죽었다는 사실 (The fact that he died) vs. 전쟁의 현실 (The reality of war).

현실 vs 실제

Both mean 'actual' or 'real'.

실제 is often an adjective/adverb for 'in practice'; 현실 is the noun for the 'real world'.

실제 가격 (Actual price) vs. 현실을 봐라 (Look at reality).

현실 vs 진실

Both relate to truth.

진실 is the 'truth' you tell; 현실 is the 'reality' you live.

진실을 밝히다 (Reveal the truth) vs. 현실을 받아들이다 (Accept reality).

현실 vs 현상

Both start with '현' (current).

현상 is a 'phenomenon' or an observable event; 현실 is the underlying state.

자연 현상 (Natural phenomenon) vs. 한국의 현실 (Korea's reality).

현실 vs 현재

Both relate to the present.

현재 is 'now' (time); 현실 is 'reality' (state).

현재 시각 (Current time) vs. 현실적인 문제 (Realistic problem).

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

N은/는 현실이다

이것은 현실이다.

N이/가 현실이 되다

내 꿈이 현실이 됐다.

현실적으로 V

현실적으로 생각하세요.

현실적인 N

현실적인 대안이 필요해요.

현실을 V-하다

현실을 직시해야 합니다.

현실에 V-하다

그는 현실에 안주했다.

현실과의 괴리

이론과 현실과의 괴리가 크다.

현실을 재구성하다

우리는 매일 현실을 재구성한다.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

현실주의 (Realism)

현실감 (Sense of reality)

현실화 (Realization/Actualization)

현실주의자 (Realist)

فعل‌ها

현실화하다 (To realize/make real)

현실화되다 (To be realized)

صفت‌ها

현실적이다 (To be realistic)

비현실적이다 (To be unrealistic)

مرتبط

실제 (Actual)

사실 (Fact)

현재 (Present)

실현 (Realization of a goal)

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Very high; used daily in various contexts.

اشتباهات رایج

Using 현실 for specific data facts. → 사실
If you are talking about a specific piece of information, use 사실. 현실 is for the broad state of being.
Using 현실 to describe a person's physical appearance in person. → 실물
To say someone looks better in person than in photos, use 실물 (sil-mul).
Saying '현실 세계' too much in place of just '현실'. → 현실
While '현실 세계' is correct, just saying '현실' is more natural in most contexts.
Confusing 현실 with 현재. → 현재
현재 is 'now' (time). 현실 is 'reality' (state). You cannot say 'now reality' using 현재 interchangeably.
Using 현실적 for physical tools. → 실용적
If a tool is 'practical/handy,' use 실용적. 현실적 is for plans or ideas being 'realistic'.

نکات

Contrast with Dreams

Always use 현실 when you want to contrast a situation with a dream or a fantasy. This is its most common and powerful usage in Korean.

The -적 Suffix

Mastering the word '현실적' (realistic) will help you in business and academic settings where feasibility is discussed.

Modern Slang

Using '현타' (Hyeont-ta) correctly will make you sound very culturally aware and fluent among younger Koreans.

Not Just Facts

Remember that 현실 is about the *state* of the world, not just a list of facts. It carries more emotional weight than 사실.

The ㄹ Sound

Ensure the 'l' sound at the end of 'sil' is a light tap, not a heavy English 'L'. This makes the word sound much more natural.

Social Reality

When reading news, '현실' often introduces a problem. Prepare yourself for a serious discussion when you see this word in a headline.

Hanja Roots

Remembering '現' (Appear) and '實' (Truth) will help you recognize other words like '현재' (present) and '실제' (actual).

Metaphors

Don't be afraid to use metaphors like '현실의 벽' (the wall of reality) in your writing to express struggle.

Variety Shows

Watch for the caption '현실 모습' in variety shows. It's a great way to see how the word is used to mean 'authentic' or 'unfiltered'.

Pragmatism

In a debate, starting a sentence with '현실적으로...' is a great way to pivot to a practical argument.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of 'Hyeon' as 'Here' and 'Sil' as 'Seal'. Reality is the 'Here-Seal'—the truth that is sealed into the present moment.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a person wearing VR goggles (Virtual Reality - 가상 현실) and then taking them off to see the 'Real Reality' (현실).

شبکه واژگان

현실 (Reality) 꿈 (Dream) 이상 (Ideal) 사실 (Fact) 실제 (Actual) 가상 (Virtual) 현재 (Present) 세상 (World)

چالش

Try to use '현실적으로' in a sentence today when talking about your plans for the weekend.

ریشه کلمه

Derived from Hanja (Sino-Korean characters).

معنای اصلی: 現 (Appear/Present) + 實 (Fruit/Truth/Actual). Literally, 'the truth that has appeared'.

Sino-Korean

بافت فرهنگی

Be careful when telling someone to 'face reality' (현실을 직시해라) as it can sound condescending or harsh depending on the tone.

In English, 'reality' is often used philosophically or casually. In Korean, it is more frequently used to ground people in social or economic truths.

The movie 'Parasite' (기생충) is often discussed as a reflection of '한국 사회의 현실' (the reality of Korean society). The term '현타' is used by almost every Korean YouTuber. Many K-Pop lyrics use '현실' to describe the struggle before fame.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Discussing plans

현실적인 계획
현실적으로 가능할까?
현실을 고려하다
현실적인 대안

Technology

가상 현실
증강 현실
현실감 있는 그래픽
가상과 현실

Social issues

사회의 현실
냉혹한 현실
현실을 비판하다
현실을 반영하다

Personal growth

현실에 안주하다
현실을 직시하다
꿈을 현실로
현실의 벽

Entertainment

현실 남매
현실 고증
현실판
현실적인 연기

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"당신의 꿈이 현실이 된다면 무엇을 하고 싶나요?"

"가상 현실 기술이 우리 미래를 어떻게 바꿀까요?"

"요즘 가장 직면하기 힘든 현실은 무엇인가요?"

"현실과 이상 중에서 무엇이 더 중요하다고 생각하세요?"

"드라마와 현실의 가장 큰 차이점은 무엇일까요?"

موضوعات نگارش

내가 꿈꾸던 일이 현실이 되었던 순간에 대해 써보세요.

현실의 벽에 부딪혔을 때 어떻게 극복했는지 설명해 보세요.

우리 사회에서 가장 고쳐야 할 현실은 무엇이라고 생각합니까?

현실적인 사람이 되는 것의 장단점은 무엇일까요?

가상 세계에서 살 수 있다면 현실을 떠날 것인가요?

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

현실 refers to the general state of reality or the world as it exists. 사실 refers to a specific fact or a true piece of information. For example, 'The reality of life is hard' uses 현실, but 'The fact that he is a teacher' uses 사실.

Yes, 현실 is the most common way to say 'real life' in Korean, especially when contrasting it with games, movies, or dreams. You can say '현실 세계' (real world) or just '현실'.

'현타' is a slang term for '현실 자각 타임' (Reality Awareness Time). It describes the feeling of being hit by reality after a period of fantasy, daydreaming, or doing something meaningless.

Yes, it is used in '가상 현실' (Virtual Reality) and '증강 현실' (Augmented Reality). It represents the 'reality' part of those terms.

You say '현실적' (hyeonsil-jeok). To say 'realistically,' you say '현실적으로' (hyeonsil-jeok-euro).

It can be, but it doesn't have to be. However, in Korean culture, '현실' is often used to bring up limitations or hardships, as in '냉혹한 현실' (cold reality).

The most common opposites are '꿈' (dream), '이상' (ideal), and '가상' (virtual/imaginary).

You say '내 꿈이 현실이 되었어' (My dream became reality).

실제 often means 'actual' or 'in practice' (like 'actual usage'). 현실 is the broad concept of reality. You'd say '실제 상황' for an actual situation happening now.

Use 현실주의 (Realism) when talking about literature, art, or a philosophical/political stance that prioritizes practical reality over ideals.

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