A2 · مقدماتی فصل 28

Describing Characteristics

1 مجموع قواعد
11 مثال‌ها
1 دقیقه
قواعد این فصل تمرین سریع

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of expressing temporary states and personal judgments using Russian short-form adjectives.

  • Identify the difference between long and short adjectives.
  • Conjugate adjectives based on gender and number.
  • Apply short forms to describe current physical or mental states.
Speak naturally by mastering short-form states.

چی یاد می‌گیری

Advanced adjective usage and short-form adjectives. Expressing states of being.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Correctly use short-form adjectives like 'готов' (ready) and 'прав' (right) to describe yourself and others.

مثال‌های کلیدی (2)

1

Я так рад тебя видеть!

I am so glad to see you!

صفت‌های کوتاه روسی: گفتن «من حاضرم» یا «حق با شماست» (`готов`, `прав`)
2

Ты готов к экзамену?

Are you ready for the exam?

صفت‌های کوتاه روسی: گفتن «من حاضرم» یا «حق با شماست» (`готов`, `прав`)

نکات و ترفندها (1)

🎯

The 'Is' Replacement

Remember that Russian has no present tense 'to be'. The short form adjective essentially contains the 'is' inside it. Он готов = 'He [is] ready'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: صفت‌های کوتاه روسی: گفتن «من حاضرم» یا «حق با شماست» (`готов`, `прав`)

واژگان کلیدی (5)

готов (gotov) ready (masc) права (prava) right/correct (fem) занят (zanyat) busy (masc) рады (rady) happy/glad (plural) здоров (zdorov) healthy/well (masc)

Real-World Preview

coffee

Meeting for Coffee

Review Summary

  • Adj (shortened) + agreement (M: -, F: -а, N: -о, Pl: -ы)

اشتباهات رایج

Short-form adjectives do not require the verb 'to be' (есть) in the present tense.

Wrong: Я есть готовый.
صحیح: Я готов.

You must match the gender of the subject. 'Она' is feminine, so use 'готова'.

Wrong: Она готов.
صحیح: Она готова.

Plural subjects require the plural ending '-ы'.

Wrong: Они прав.
صحیح: Они правы.

Next Steps

You are doing fantastic! Keep building your vocabulary and your confidence will naturally follow.

Write 5 sentences about how you feel today using different short-form adjectives.

Continue to: Conjunctions and Connectors

تمرین سریع (2)

Fill in the correct short form of 'готовый' (ready) for a female subject.

Анна, ты ___?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: готова
Since Anna is feminine, we add the -а ending to the stem 'готов-'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: صفت‌های کوتاه روسی: گفتن «من حاضرم» یا «حق با شماست» (`готов`, `прав`)

Find the mistake in this sentence about being busy.

Find and fix the mistake:

Мы очень занятый сегодня.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Мы очень заняты сегодня.
'Мы' (we) is plural, so the adjective must be the plural short form 'заняты'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: صفت‌های کوتاه روسی: گفتن «من حاضرم» یا «حق با شماست» (`готов`, `прав`)

Score: /2

سوالات رایج (2)

Yes! Just add the past tense of 'to be' (был, была, было, были). Example: Я был готов (I was ready).
This is a 'fill vowel'. When the stem ends in two consonants (мн), Russian adds an 'ё' or 'е' in the masculine form to make it easier to pronounce.
فصل قبلی
Relative Clauses
فصل بعدی
Conjunctions and Connectors
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