A2 Comparisons 1 min read آسان

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

The -ši suffix turns adjectives into comparatives, meaning 'more' or 'er' (e.g., 'lep' becomes 'lepši').

  • Add -ši to most adjectives: lep (beautiful) -> lepši (more beautiful).
  • If the adjective ends in -k, it often changes: kratek (short) -> krajši (shorter).
  • Use 'od' + genitive case to compare: lepši od mene (more beautiful than me).
Adjective + -ši = Comparative (e.g., 🟢 + -ši = 🟢+)

Meanings

The suffix -ši is used to form the comparative degree of adjectives in Slovenian, indicating a higher intensity or quality.

1

Direct Comparison

Comparing two objects or people based on a quality.

“Moj brat je starejši od mene.”

“Ta knjiga je zanimivejša od prejšnje.”

2

Relative Quality

Describing something as 'more' without an explicit comparison target.

“Iščem nekaj cenejšega.”

“Potrebujem večji kozarec.”

Comparative Formation

Base Adjective Comparative (-ši) Meaning
lep lepši more beautiful
star starejši older
hiter hitrejši faster
kratek krajši shorter
dober boljši better
velik večji bigger
drag dražji more expensive
lahek lažji easier

Reference Table

Reference table for The Comparative Suffix -ši
Form Structure Example
Affirmative Adj + -ši Ta je lepši.
Comparison Adj + -ši + od + Gen Lepši od mene.
Negative Manj + Adj Manj lep.
Question Ali je + Adj + -ši? Ali je hitrejši?
Irregular Dober -> Boljši To je boljše.
K-stem Kratek -> Krajši Pot je krajša.

طیف رسمیت

رسمی
To je boljše.

To je boljše. (General)

خنثی
To je boljše.

To je boljše. (General)

غیر رسمی
To je boljše.

To je boljše. (General)

عامیانه
To je boljše.

To je boljše. (General)

The -ši Universe

-ši

Regular

  • lepši more beautiful

K-stem

  • krajši shorter

Irregular

  • boljši better

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

Ta pes je lepši.

This dog is more beautiful.

2

To je večji avto.

This is a bigger car.

3

Moj brat je starejši.

My brother is older.

4

Danes je topleje.

Today it is warmer.

1

Ta knjiga je boljša od tiste.

This book is better than that one.

2

Moja hiša je manjša od tvoje.

My house is smaller than yours.

3

On je hitrejši od mene.

He is faster than me.

4

To je krajša pot.

This is a shorter way.

1

Ta rešitev je preprostejša od prejšnje.

This solution is simpler than the previous one.

2

Slovenščina je težja od angleščine.

Slovenian is harder than English.

3

Ta kava je močnejša od tiste.

This coffee is stronger than that one.

4

On je pametnejši, kot sem mislil.

He is smarter than I thought.

1

Ta argument je tehtnejši od vseh ostalih.

This argument is weightier than all others.

2

Njegov pristop je bolj sistematičen.

His approach is more systematic.

3

Ta zgradba je starejša od mesta samega.

This building is older than the city itself.

4

Postopek je postal zahtevnejši.

The process has become more demanding.

1

Njegov slog je prefinjenejši od mojega.

His style is more refined than mine.

2

Ta teorija je bolj verjetna.

This theory is more plausible.

3

Situacija je postala bolj kritična.

The situation has become more critical.

4

Ta interpretacija je jasnejša.

This interpretation is clearer.

1

Njegova retorika je bila ostrejša od pričakovanj.

His rhetoric was sharper than expected.

2

Ta odločitev je bila modrejša.

This decision was wiser.

3

Njen vpliv je bil globlji.

Her influence was deeper.

4

Ta razlika je subtilnejša.

This difference is more subtle.

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

The Comparative Suffix -ši در مقابل Comparative vs Superlative

Learners mix up -ši and naj-.

The Comparative Suffix -ši در مقابل Bolj vs -ši

Using both.

The Comparative Suffix -ši در مقابل Od vs Kot

Which to use for comparison.

اشتباهات رایج

bolj lepši

lepši

Double comparative.

lepši od jaz

lepši od mene

Wrong case after 'od'.

lepši kot

lepši od

Wrong preposition.

lepši v

lepši od

Wrong preposition.

kratekši

krajši

Forgot k-stem change.

doberši

boljši

Forgot irregular form.

velikši

večji

Forgot irregular form.

bolj lepši

lepši

Still using double comparative.

lepši od moj brat

lepši od mojega brata

Forgot genitive case.

lepši kot jaz

lepši od mene

Wrong preposition and case.

bolj prefinjenši

prefinjenejši

Over-complicating.

lepši od on

lepši od njega

Wrong pronoun case.

lepši od vsi

lepši od vseh

Wrong case.

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

Ta ___ je ___ od tistega.

Ali je ___ ___ od ___?

To je ___ ___ od prejšnjega.

___ je ___ kot sem mislil.

Real World Usage

Shopping very common

Imate kaj cenejšega?

Social Media common

To je lepši dan!

Job Interview occasional

Moj pristop je boljši.

Travel common

Ta pot je krajša.

Food Delivery occasional

Želim večjo pico.

Texting constant

To je boljše.

💡

Watch the K

Always check if your adjective ends in -k. It will likely change to -jši.
⚠️

No Double Comparatives

Never say 'bolj lepši'. It's just 'lepši'.
🎯

Use the Genitive

After 'od', always use the genitive case for the person or thing you are comparing to.
💬

Be Direct

Slovenians appreciate directness in comparisons.

Smart Tips

Use -ši instead of 'bolj'.

Ta je bolj lep. Ta je lepši.

Change the k to j.

Ta pot je kratekša. Ta pot je krajša.

Use the genitive case after 'od'.

Lepši od jaz. Lepši od mene.

Use 'bolj' + adjective.

Ta je lepši. Ta je bolj zanimiv.

تلفظ

lep-ši

Stress

The stress usually stays on the same syllable as the base adjective.

Falling

Ta je lepši ↘

Statement of fact.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of the -ši sound as a 'she' sound, like 'she is more beautiful than him'.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a tall giraffe (visok) standing next to a shorter giraffe, and the tall one is wearing a sign that says '-ši'.

Rhyme

When you want to compare, add -ši with care!

Story

Ana wanted a bigger house. She looked at a small house and said, 'This is small'. Then she saw a mansion and said, 'This is večji (bigger)'. She was happy with her choice.

شبکه واژگان

lepšiboljšivečjihitrejšistarejšikrajši

چالش

Write 3 sentences comparing your favorite foods using -ši in the next 5 minutes.

نکات فرهنگی

In the capital, people are very direct with comparisons.

Coastal dialects might use different structures.

Regional variations in adjective usage.

The -ši suffix comes from Proto-Slavic *-jьšь.

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

Kaj je lepše: morje ali gore?

Ali je kava boljša od čaja?

Kdo je hitrejši: ti ali tvoj prijatelj?

Katera knjiga je zanimivejša?

موضوعات نگارش

Primerjaj svoje življenje danes in pred enim letom.
Kateri film je boljši: akcija ali komedija?
Primerjaj Ljubljano in svoje domače mesto.
Zakaj je učenje slovenščine težje od učenja angleščine?

Test Yourself

Fill in the comparative form.

Ta avto je ___ (hiter) od mojega.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: hitrejši
Correct suffix addition.
Choose the correct sentence. چند گزینه‌ای

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ta je lepši od mene.
Correct preposition and case.
Fix the error. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Ta pot je kratekši.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: krajša
K-stem change.
Transform to comparative. Sentence Transformation

Ta knjiga je dobra. (Compare to 'tista')

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ta knjiga je boljša od tiste.
Irregular form and genitive.
Is this rule true? True False Rule

The suffix -ši is used for superlatives.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
Superlatives use naj-.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Ta kava je draga. B: Ja, ampak tista je ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: dražja
Correct comparative.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

lepši / od / je / ta / tistega

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ta je lepši od tistega.
Correct word order.
Match the adjective to its comparative. جفت کردن

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: lepši, boljši, krajši
Correct forms.

Score: /8

تمرین‌های عملی

8 exercises
Fill in the comparative form.

Ta avto je ___ (hiter) od mojega.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: hitrejši
Correct suffix addition.
Choose the correct sentence. چند گزینه‌ای

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ta je lepši od mene.
Correct preposition and case.
Fix the error. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Ta pot je kratekši.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: krajša
K-stem change.
Transform to comparative. Sentence Transformation

Ta knjiga je dobra. (Compare to 'tista')

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ta knjiga je boljša od tiste.
Irregular form and genitive.
Is this rule true? True False Rule

The suffix -ši is used for superlatives.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
Superlatives use naj-.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Ta kava je draga. B: Ja, ampak tista je ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: dražja
Correct comparative.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

lepši / od / je / ta / tistega

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ta je lepši od tistega.
Correct word order.
Match the adjective to its comparative. جفت کردن

lep, dober, kratek

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: lepši, boljši, krajši
Correct forms.

Score: /8

سوالات متداول (8)

No, that is a double comparative. Use only one.

Then use 'bolj' + adjective.

Yes, but they often end in -e.

It's a historical sound change involving the 'k'.

Yes, when comparing two specific things.

Use 'manj' + adjective.

Yes, it is standard in all registers.

Use 'naj-' + comparative form.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

German high

-er

German doesn't have the same k-stem changes.

French low

plus + adj

French never uses a suffix for comparatives.

Spanish low

más + adj

Spanish lacks synthetic comparative suffixes.

Japanese low

yori

Japanese doesn't change the adjective itself.

Arabic moderate

af'al

Arabic is a template-based language.

Chinese low

geng

Chinese has no inflection.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Related Grammar Rules

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