A1 Basic Verbs 1 min read آسان

The Infinitive Form (-ty)

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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

In Ukrainian, the infinitive form of most verbs ends in '-ти' (-ty), which is the base form used in dictionaries.

  • Most verbs end in -ти: 'читати' (to read).
  • Some verbs end in -ти after a consonant: 'нести' (to carry).
  • A few verbs end in -ти after a vowel: 'пити' (to drink).
Verb Stem + ти = Infinitive

Infinitive Formation

Verb Type Ending Example Translation
Standard
-ти
читати
to read
Consonant-stem
-ти
нести
to carry
Vowel-stem
-ти
пити
to drink
Reflexive
-тися
вчитися
to learn
Irregular
-ти
йти
to go

Meanings

The infinitive is the non-conjugated form of a verb, representing the action itself without a specific subject or tense.

1

General Action

Expressing the concept of an action.

“Читати — це корисно.”

“Я люблю спати.”

2

Purpose

Indicating the reason for an action.

“Я йду їсти.”

“Ми прийшли вчитися.”

3

Command/Instruction

Used in impersonal instructions or rules.

“Не палити!”

“Мовчати!”

Reference Table

Reference table for The Infinitive Form (-ty)
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Subject + Modal + Infinitive
Я хочу читати
Negative
Subject + Modal + не + Infinitive
Я не хочу читати
Question
Modal + Subject + Infinitive?
Ти хочеш читати?
Purpose
Verb + Infinitive
Я йду їсти
Impersonal
Треба + Infinitive
Треба працювати
Reflexive
Modal + Infinitive + ся
Я хочу вчитися

طیف رسمیت

رسمی
Я бажаю працювати.

Я бажаю працювати. (Work environment)

خنثی
Я хочу працювати.

Я хочу працювати. (Work environment)

غیر رسمی
Хочу працювати.

Хочу працювати. (Work environment)

عامیانه
Треба попрацювати.

Треба попрацювати. (Work environment)

Infinitive Usage Map

Infinitive (-ти)

After Modals

  • хотіти to want
  • могти to be able to

Purpose

  • йти to go
  • прийти to arrive

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

Я хочу читати.

I want to read.

2

Він хоче пити.

He wants to drink.

3

Ми йдемо гуляти.

We are going to walk.

4

Треба працювати.

It is necessary to work.

1

Я можу говорити українською.

I can speak Ukrainian.

2

Вона любить танцювати.

She likes to dance.

3

Ми хочемо купити квитки.

We want to buy tickets.

4

Він не хоче спати.

He does not want to sleep.

1

Мені потрібно закінчити проект.

I need to finish the project.

2

Чи ти плануєш подорожувати?

Do you plan to travel?

3

Вони вирішили залишитися вдома.

They decided to stay home.

4

Вона намагається вивчити мову.

She is trying to learn the language.

1

Він змушений працювати понаднормово.

He is forced to work overtime.

2

Ми маємо намір обговорити це питання.

We intend to discuss this issue.

3

Вона здатна змінити ситуацію.

She is capable of changing the situation.

4

Не варто забувати про минуле.

It is not worth forgetting the past.

1

Він прагне досягти успіху в кар'єрі.

He strives to achieve success in his career.

2

Нам вдалося реалізувати цей план.

We managed to implement this plan.

3

Вона схильна перебільшувати факти.

She is prone to exaggerating facts.

4

Важливо врахувати всі обставини.

It is important to consider all circumstances.

1

Він був змушений підкоритися обставинам.

He was forced to submit to circumstances.

2

Варто зауважити, що це не єдиний варіант.

It is worth noting that this is not the only option.

3

Вона намагається осягнути глибину філософії.

She is trying to grasp the depth of philosophy.

4

Ми прагнемо відновити справедливість.

We strive to restore justice.

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

The Infinitive Form (-ty) در مقابل Infinitive vs. Present Tense

Learners often use the infinitive where they should use the conjugated form.

The Infinitive Form (-ty) در مقابل Infinitive vs. Imperative

Learners use the infinitive as a command.

The Infinitive Form (-ty) در مقابل Infinitive vs. Gerund

English speakers try to use -ing forms.

اشتباهات رایج

✗

Я хочу читаю

✓

Я хочу читати

Do not conjugate the second verb.
✗

Я хочу чита

✓

Я хочу читати

Don't drop the -ти ending.
✗

Я читати

✓

Я читаю

Don't use the infinitive as a present tense.
✗

Я хочу до читати

✓

Я хочу читати

No 'to' particle needed.
✗

Він хоче читатиме

✓

Він хоче читати

Don't mix tenses.
✗

Я можу читаю

✓

Я можу читати

Modal verbs require the infinitive.
✗

Треба читаю

✓

Треба читати

Impersonal constructions need the infinitive.
✗

Я планую читаю

✓

Я планую читати

Planning requires the infinitive.
✗

Він вирішив читає

✓

Він вирішив читати

Decisions require the infinitive.
✗

Вона намагається читає

✓

Вона намагається читати

Trying requires the infinitive.
✗

Він прагне досягає

✓

Він прагне досягти

Striving requires the infinitive.
✗

Нам вдалося реалізуємо

✓

Нам вдалося реалізувати

Success requires the infinitive.
✗

Вона схильна перебільшує

✓

Вона схильна перебільшувати

Tendency requires the infinitive.

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

Я хочу ___.

Мені треба ___.

Я планую ___.

Він прагне ___.

Real World Usage

Texting constant

Хочу гуляти!

Job Interview common

Я хочу працювати у вашій компанії.

Ordering Food very common

Я хочу пити каву.

Social Media common

Люблю подорожувати.

Travel common

Де можна купити квиток?

Food Delivery Apps common

Хочу замовити піцу.

💡

Look for -ти

Whenever you see a verb ending in -ти, it's likely the infinitive.
⚠️

Don't conjugate!

If you have a modal verb, keep the second verb in the infinitive.
🎯

Use it for purpose

Use the infinitive to explain why you are doing something.
💬

Impersonal use

Use the infinitive for general rules, like 'Не палити'.

Smart Tips

Always check if the second one is in the infinitive.

Я хочу читаю. → Я хочу читати.

Use the infinitive after verbs of motion.

Я йду в магазин купую хліб. → Я йду в магазин купувати хліб.

Always follow 'треба' with an infinitive.

Треба працюю. → Треба працювати.

Check the dictionary; the form you see is the infinitive.

Я не знаю, як сказати. → Я не знаю, як сказати.

تلفظ

chi-ta-ty

The -ти ending

The 'т' is hard, and the 'и' is a short 'i' sound.

Statement

Я хочу читати ↘

Falling intonation for neutral statements.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of the 'ti' in 'infinitive' as the ending '-ти' in Ukrainian.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a dictionary with a giant '-ти' sticker on the cover. Every time you open it, the verbs are waiting for you in their '-ти' pajamas.

Rhyme

When you want to say 'to do', just add -ти to the root, it's true!

Story

Ivan wanted to learn Ukrainian. He opened his dictionary and saw thousands of words ending in -ти. He realized that -ти was the key to unlocking every action in the language. He started practicing: 'хочу читати', 'хочу писати', 'хочу гуляти'.

شبکه واژگان

читатиписатигулятиспатиїстивчитися

چالش

Write down 5 things you want to do today using the structure 'Я хочу [infinitive]'.

نکات فرهنگی

The infinitive is used in almost all formal and informal contexts. It is the standard way to express intent.

Similar usage, though some regional verbs might have different roots.

Very common in daily speech, often shortened in very casual texting.

The -ти suffix comes from Proto-Slavic *ti.

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

“

Що ти хочеш робити сьогодні?

“

Чи ти вмієш танцювати?

“

Що ти плануєш вивчити цього року?

“

Які твої цілі на майбутнє?

موضوعات نگارش

Write 3 things you want to do today.
Describe your favorite hobby.
What do you need to do to succeed?
Reflect on your language learning journey.

اشتباهات رایج

Incorrect

صحیح

Incorrect

صحیح

Incorrect

صحیح

Incorrect

صحیح

Test Yourself

Fill in the blank.

Я хочу ___ (читати/читаю).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: читати
Modal verbs take the infinitive.
Choose the correct form. چند گزینه‌ای

Він ___ (хоче/хотіти) працювати.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: хоче
The first verb must be conjugated.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Я хочу працюю.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я хочу працювати
The second verb must be in the infinitive.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

Arrange the words in the correct order:

All words placed

Click words above to build the sentence

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я хочу читати
Standard SVO order.
Translate to Ukrainian. ترجمه

I want to sleep.

Answer starts with: Я х...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я хочу спати
Correct infinitive usage.
Match the verb to its meaning. جفت کردن

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: A
Correct matching.
Choose the correct form. چند گزینه‌ای

Ми ___ (можемо/могти) гуляти.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: можемо
The first verb must be conjugated.
Fill in the blank.

Треба ___ (працювати/працюю).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: працювати
Impersonal constructions take the infinitive.

Score: /8

تمرین‌های عملی

8 exercises
Fill in the blank.

Я хочу ___ (читати/читаю).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: читати
Modal verbs take the infinitive.
Choose the correct form. چند گزینه‌ای

Він ___ (хоче/хотіти) працювати.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: хоче
The first verb must be conjugated.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Я хочу працюю.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я хочу працювати
The second verb must be in the infinitive.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

хочу / читати / Я

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я хочу читати
Standard SVO order.
Translate to Ukrainian. ترجمه

I want to sleep.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я хочу спати
Correct infinitive usage.
Match the verb to its meaning. جفت کردن

читати - to read, пити - to drink

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: A
Correct matching.
Choose the correct form. چند گزینه‌ای

Ми ___ (можемо/могти) гуляти.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: можемо
The first verb must be conjugated.
Fill in the blank.

Треба ___ (працювати/працюю).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: працювати
Impersonal constructions take the infinitive.

Score: /8

سوالات متداول (8)

It is the base form of the verb, ending in -ти.

No, it never changes.

After modal verbs and to show purpose.

You probably conjugated the second verb.

Yes, it functions similarly.

Only in formal/impersonal contexts.

Most follow the -ти rule.

Use 'Я хочу...' sentences.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

Spanish high

Infinitive (-ar, -er, -ir)

Spanish has three conjugation groups; Ukrainian has one main infinitive suffix.

French moderate

Infinitive (-er, -ir, -re)

French infinitives are more varied in their endings.

German moderate

Infinitive (-en)

German infinitives are placed at the end of the sentence.

Japanese low

Dictionary form (u-ending)

Japanese grammar is agglutinative, unlike Ukrainian inflection.

Arabic low

Masdar (verbal noun)

Arabic is root-based and non-linear.

Chinese none

Verb base

Chinese verbs do not change at all.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Connected Grammar

Present Tense

Builds On

You need the infinitive to form the present tense.

Modal Verbs

Prerequisite

Modal verbs are the primary trigger for the infinitive.

Aspect

Advanced Form

Aspect pairs are based on the infinitive.

Imperative

Contrast

Contrast with the infinitive for commands.

Next
Present Tense Conjugation: First Group
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