The Arabic verb يَخْرُجُ (yakhruju) is a foundational word in the Arabic language, essential for anyone moving beyond the absolute basics. At its core, it describes the physical act of moving from an enclosed space to an open one, or from the inside of a location to the outside. Whether you are talking about leaving a house, exiting a car, or even a spirit leaving a body in classical literature, this verb is the primary vehicle for that concept. It is the present tense (imperfect) form of the triliteral root خ - ر - ج (kh-r-j), which inherently carries the meaning of emergence or departure. In daily life, you will use it to describe your routine, such as when you leave for work or when you go out with friends for a meal. It is a Form I verb, which is the most basic and common verb structure in Arabic, making it relatively straightforward to conjugate once you understand the pattern for present tense verbs.
- Physical Exit
- The most common usage involves leaving a building or a room. Example: 'The student exits the classroom.'
- Social Context
- It is frequently used to mean 'going out' for leisure. Example: 'I go out with my friends on Fridays.'
- Metaphorical Emergence
- In more advanced contexts, it refers to ideas or results coming out of a process. Example: 'The results come out tomorrow.'
يَخْرُجُ الرَّجُلُ مِنَ المَسْجِدِ بَعْدَ الصَّلَاةِ.
The man exits the mosque after the prayer.
Understanding the nuances of يَخْرُجُ requires looking at the prepositions that follow it. Most commonly, it is paired with مِنْ (min), meaning 'from'. This specifies the point of origin. However, if someone 'goes out against' a leader or a rule, the preposition عَلَى (ala) or عَنْ (an) might be used, changing the meaning to rebellion or deviation. This versatility is why the word is found in everything from children's stories to complex political news reports. In the Levantine and Egyptian dialects, the pronunciation might shift slightly, but the root remains recognizable, often heard as 'biyukhrug' or 'biyikhraj'. For a learner, mastering this verb provides a template for dozens of other Form I verbs, as the vowel pattern (ya-kh-ru-ju) is a standard 'u' pattern (damma on the middle radical) which is common for verbs of movement.
مَتَى يَخْرُجُ القِطَارُ مِنَ المَحَطَّةِ؟
When does the train leave the station?
يَخْرُجُ الطَّالِبُ لِيَشْتَرِيَ الطَّعَامَ.
The student goes out to buy food.
- Daily Routine
- Used to describe leaving home for work or school every morning.
- Emergency
- Used in safety instructions to indicate where people should go during a fire or crisis.
يَخْرُجُ الدُّخَانُ مِنَ النَّافِذَةِ.
The smoke comes out of the window.
يَخْرُجُ السَّائِحُ مِنَ الفُنْدُقِ لِيُشَاهِدَ المَدِينَةَ.
The tourist leaves the hotel to see the city.
Using يَخْرُجُ correctly involves understanding subject-verb agreement and the role of prepositions. In Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), the verb usually comes before the subject in a verbal sentence (Jumla Fi'liyya). For example, to say 'The boy goes out', you say yakhruju al-walad. If the subject is plural but follows the verb, the verb stays singular. This is a unique rule in Arabic grammar that beginners often find tricky. However, if you place the subject first (Jumla Ismiyya), the verb must agree in number and gender. Therefore, 'The boys go out' would be al-awlad yakhrujuna. The gender also matters; for a female subject, the 'ya' prefix changes to 'ta', becoming تَخْرُجُ (takhruju).
- Grammatical Agreement
- Verbs must match the gender of the subject. Use 'yakhruju' for he/it and 'takhruju' for she/you (masculine).
تَخْرُجُ البِنْتُ مِنَ المَدْرَسَةِ فِي السَّاعَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ.
The girl leaves school at two o'clock.
Another layer of usage is the 'purpose of leaving'. We often leave a place *to do* something. In Arabic, this is expressed using the particle لِـ (li-) followed by a verb in the subjunctive mood. For example, 'He goes out to play' is yakhruju liyala'aba. Notice the 'a' sound at the end of the second verb; this is the sign of the subjunctive. This structure allows you to build complex sentences that describe intentions and plans. Furthermore, يَخْرُجُ can be used with the preposition بِـ (bi-) to mean 'to take something out' or 'to come out with something', though this is less common than the causative form yukhriju.
يَخْرُجُ المُدِيرُ مِنْ مَكْتَبِهِ لِيُقَابِلَ الضُّيُوفَ.
The manager leaves his office to meet the guests.
نَحْنُ نَخْرُجُ مَعَ العَائِلَةِ كُلَّ يَوْمِ جُمُعَةٍ.
We go out with the family every Friday.
- Preposition: Min
- Specifies the place being left. 'Yakhruju min al-ghurfa' (He leaves the room).
- Preposition: Ila
- Specifies the destination. 'Yakhruju ila al-shari' (He goes out to the street).
يَخْرُجُ اللَّاعِبُونَ إِلَى المَلْعَبِ الآنَ.
The players are going out to the field now.
In the real world, يَخْرُجُ is ubiquitous. You will hear it in public transport announcements, where a voice might say 'Al-rukkab yakhrujuna min al-abwab al-yumna' (Passengers exit from the right-hand doors). In a shopping mall, signs for 'Exit' will say مَخْرَج (makhraj), which is the noun of place derived from the same root. If you are watching a news broadcast, the anchor might describe a protest by saying 'Yakhruju al-nas fi tazahurat' (People are going out in demonstrations). This illustrates how the word moves from simple physical movement to social and political action. In films or TV dramas, a character might angrily tell someone 'Ukhruj!' (the imperative form), which means 'Get out!'.
- Public Spaces
- Signs, announcements, and directions in airports, malls, and stations.
- Media & News
- Reporting on people leaving a summit, a country, or taking to the streets.
يَخْرُجُ النَّاسُ إِلَى الشَّوَارِعِ لِلِاحْتِفَالِ.
People go out to the streets to celebrate.
In academic or scientific contexts, the word is used to describe results or data emerging from a study. You might hear a professor say 'Yakhruju al-bahth bi-nata'ij muhimma' (The research comes out with important results). Furthermore, in religious contexts, the word appears in the Quran and Hadith to describe the soul leaving the body or people emerging from their graves on the Day of Judgment. This spiritual dimension adds a layer of gravity to the word that goes beyond just walking out of a room. For a student living in an Arabic-speaking country, you will hear this word dozens of times a day in various forms. Whether it's a mother telling her child not to go out in the rain or a friend asking what time you leave work, يَخْرُجُ is the heartbeat of movement in the language.
يَخْرُجُ المَاءُ مِنَ الأَرْضِ.
The water comes out of the ground.
يَخْرُجُ الفِيلمُ الجَدِيدُ فِي دُورِ السِّينِمَا الشَّهْرَ القَادِمَ.
The new movie comes out in theaters next month.
- Weather Reports
- 'Yakhruju al-nas liyastamti'u bi-shams' (People go out to enjoy the sun).
- Technology
- Used for 'logging out' (al-khuruj) of applications or websites.
يَخْرُجُ الطَّائِرُ مِنَ العُشِّ لِيَبْحَثَ عَنِ الطَّعَامِ.
The bird leaves the nest to search for food.
One of the most frequent errors for English speakers learning يَخْرُجُ is confusing it with the causative form يُخْرِجُ (yukhriju). While they look similar on paper (especially without diacritics), they have very different meanings. Yakhruju (Form I) means 'he exits' (the subject is the one leaving). Yukhriju (Form IV) means 'he takes out' or 'he removes' (the subject is acting on something else). For example, if you say 'yakhruju al-miftah', you are saying the key itself is walking out of the room, which is nonsensical. You should say 'yukhriju al-miftah' if you mean 'he takes out the key'. This distinction between intransitive and transitive verbs is a major hurdle in Arabic grammar.
- Form I vs Form IV
- Confusing 'yakhruju' (he goes out) with 'yukhriju' (he puts out/removes). Pay attention to the first vowel!
خَطَأ: يُخْرِجُ الوَلَدُ مِنَ البَيْتِ.
Wrong: The boy takes out from the house (when meaning 'leaves').
Another mistake involves the incorrect use of prepositions. In English, we 'leave a place' (no preposition). In Arabic, you almost always need مِنْ (min). Saying 'yakhruju al-bayt' without 'min' is grammatically incorrect in standard Arabic. Additionally, learners often forget the gender agreement in the plural. Remember that if the verb comes first, it is always singular, regardless of the plurality of the subject. If you say 'yakhrujuna al-tullab', it is considered a mistake in formal MSA; it must be 'yakhruju al-tullab'. Lastly, be careful with the 'u' sound in the middle. Some learners mistakenly use an 'a' or 'i' sound because they are following the pattern of other verbs like 'yadh-habu' (to go).
خَطَأ: يَخْرُجُ الرَّجُلُ المَكْتَبَ.
Wrong: The man exits the office (Missing 'min').
صَحِيح: يَخْرُجُ الرَّجُلُ مِنَ المَكْتَبِ.
Correct: The man exits from the office.
- Vowel Confusion
- Avoid saying 'yakhraju'. The correct middle vowel is 'u' (damma).
- Subject-Verb Order
- Remember: Verb (Singular) + Subject (Plural) is the standard rule for MSA verbal sentences.
خَطَأ: يَخْرُجُونَ الأَوْلَادُ.
Wrong: The boys go out (Verb should be singular when it precedes the plural subject).
While يَخْرُجُ is the most versatile word for leaving, Arabic offers many synonyms that provide more specific shades of meaning. For instance, if you want to say 'to leave' in the sense of departing for a journey or leaving someone behind, the verb يُغَادِرُ (yughadiru) is more appropriate. While yakhruju focuses on the act of exiting, yughadiru focuses on the departure from a point. Another alternative is يَنْطَلِقُ (yantaliqu), which means 'to set off' or 'to launch', often used for cars, rockets, or people starting a race. If someone is leaving a job or a position, you might use يَسْتَقِيلُ (yastaqilu) (to resign) or يَتْرُكُ (yatruku) (to leave/abandon).
- Yughadiru vs Yakhruju
- 'Yughadiru' is formal and often used for flights, trains, or leaving a country. 'Yakhruju' is more about the physical exit from a room.
- Yatruku vs Yakhruju
- 'Yatruku' means to leave something behind (transitive). 'Yakhruju' is intransitive (you leave).
يُغَادِرُ المُسَافِرُ المَطَارَ.
The traveler departs the airport.
For metaphorical 'exiting', such as appearing or becoming visible, يَظْهَرُ (yazharu) (to appear) or يَبْرُزُ (yabruzu) (to stand out/emerge) are better choices. If the exit is forced, the passive voice yukhraju (to be kicked out) might be used. In slang or dialect, words like yimshi (to walk/go) or yifilla (to flee/leave quickly) are common. Understanding these alternatives allows you to express yourself with more precision. For example, 'yakhruju min al-hayah' is a poetic way to say someone passed away, but yatawaffa is the standard term. Choosing the right word depends entirely on the context: is it a physical exit, a formal departure, or a metaphorical emergence?
يَنْطَلِقُ الصَّارُوخُ إِلَى الفَضَاءِ.
The rocket launches into space.
يَبْرُزُ القَمَرُ بَيْنَ الغُيُومِ.
The moon emerges from between the clouds.
- Yazharu
- To appear or become visible (e.g., a star appearing at night).
- Yansahibu
- To withdraw or retreat (e.g., an army withdrawing from a city).
يَنْسَحِبُ الجَيْشُ مِنَ المَدِينَةِ.
The army withdraws from the city.
Exemples par niveau
يَخْرُجُ الوَلَدُ مِنَ البَيْتِ.
The boy leaves the house.
Subject (al-walad) follows the verb (yakhruju).
أَنَا أَخْرُجُ مِنَ المَدْرَسَةِ الآنَ.
I am leaving school now.
Verb starts with 'a' for 'I' (ana).
تَخْرُجُ البِنْتُ مِنَ الغُرْفَةِ.
The girl leaves the room.
Verb starts with 'ta' for feminine singular.
نَحْنُ نَخْرُجُ مِنَ المَطْعَمِ.
We are leaving the restaurant.
Verb starts with 'na' for 'we' (nahnu).
يَخْرُجُ القِطُّ مِنَ الحَدِيقَةِ.
The cat leaves the garden.
Standard Form I present tense.
هَلْ تَخْرُجُ مِنَ المَكْتَبِ؟
Are you leaving the office?
Question using 'hal'.
يَخْرُجُ المُعَلِّمُ بَعْدَ الحِصَّةِ.
The teacher leaves after the lesson.
Time expression 'ba'da' (after).
يَخْرُجُ السَّائِحُ مِنَ الفُنْدُقِ.
The tourist leaves the hotel.
Simple sentence structure.
يَخْرُجُ الطَّالِبُ لِيَلْعَبَ كُرَةَ القَدَمِ.
The student goes out to play football.
Use of 'li-' (to) followed by subjunctive verb.
نَحْنُ نَخْرُجُ مَعَ الأَصْدِقَاءِ فِي المَسَاءِ.
We go out with friends in the evening.
Prepositional phrase 'ma'a al-asdiqa' (with friends).
يَخْرُجُ أَبِي لِلْعَمَلِ كُلَّ صَبَاحٍ.
My father goes out to work every morning.
Habitual action in the present tense.
تَخْرُجُ الحَافِلَةُ مِنَ المَحَطَّةِ فِي السَّاعَةِ الثَّامِنَةِ.
The bus leaves the station at eight o'clock.
Subject 'bus' is feminine in Arabic (al-hafila).
يَخْرُجُ النَّاسُ إِلَى المُنْتَزَهِ فِي يَوْمِ العُطْلَةِ.
People go out to the park on the holiday.
Verb is singular because it precedes the plural subject 'al-nas'.
هَلْ تَخْرُجِينَ مَعِي إِلَى السُّوقِ؟
Are you (f) going out with me to the market?
Feminine singular 'you' conjugation (takhrujina).
يَخْرُجُ الطَّعَامُ مِنَ المَطْبَخِ رَائِعاً.
The food comes out of the kitchen [looking] wonderful.
Metaphorical exit of an object.
يَخْرُجُ الطَّائِرُ لِيَبْحَثَ عَنِ الحُبُوبِ.
The bird goes out to look for grains.
Purpose clause with 'li-'.
يَخْرُجُ المُتَظَاهِرُونَ إِلَى الشَّوَارِعِ لِلْمُطَالَبَةِ بِحُقُوقِهِمْ.
Protesters are going out into the streets to demand their rights.
Political context of the verb.
يَخْرُجُ الكَاتِبُ عَنِ المَوْضُوعِ الأَصْلِيِّ فِي كِتَابِهِ.
The writer goes off the original topic in his book.
Idiomatic use: 'yakhruju 'an' (to deviate/go off).
يَخْرُجُ الهَاتِفُ الجَدِيدُ إِلَى الأَسْوَاقِ الشَّهْرَ القَادِمَ.
The new phone will come out to the markets next month.
Commercial context: 'coming out' as a product launch.
يَخْرُجُ الدُّخَانُ الكَثِيفُ مِنَ المَصْنَعِ.
Thick smoke is coming out of the factory.
Describing physical phenomena.
يَخْرُجُ البَطَلُ مِنَ السِّجْنِ بَعْدَ عَشْرِ سَنَوَاتٍ.
The hero leaves prison after ten years.
Narrative context.
يَخْرُجُ المَاءُ مِنْ بَيْنِ الصُّخُورِ.
The water comes out from between the rocks.
Natural description.
يَخْرُجُ المُدِيرُ عَنْ صَمْتِهِ وَيَتَحَدَّثُ لِلإِعْلَامِ.
The manager breaks his silence and speaks to the media.
Idiom: 'yakhruju 'an samtihi' (to break silence).
يَخْرُجُ التَّلَامِيذُ فِي رِحْلَةٍ مَدْرَسِيَّةٍ.
The students are going out on a school trip.
Collective action.
يَخْرُجُ هَذَا القَرَارُ عَنْ نِطَاقِ صَلَاحِيَاتِي.
This decision falls outside the scope of my powers.
Abstract/Legal context: 'yakhruju 'an' (falls outside).
يَخْرُجُ العَالِمُ بِنَتِيجَةٍ مُذْهِلَةٍ مِنْ بَحْثِهِ.
The scientist emerges with a stunning result from his research.
Academic context: 'yakhruju bi-' (to emerge with/result in).
يَخْرُجُ الفَنَّانُ عَنِ القَوَاعِدِ التَّقْلِيدِيَّةِ فِي رَسْمِهِ.
The artist deviates from traditional rules in his painting.
Artistic context: 'yakhruju 'an' (to deviate from norms).
يَخْرُجُ الضَّوْءُ مِنْ مَصْدَرٍ بَعِيدٍ فِي الفَضَاءِ.
The light comes out from a distant source in space.
Scientific/Physics context.
يَخْرُجُ المُتَحَدِّثُ عَنْ نَصِّ الكَلِمَةِ المَكْتُوبَةِ.
The speaker goes off the script of the written speech.
Formal speaking context.
يَخْرُجُ الِاقْتِصَادُ مِنَ الرُّكُودِ تَدْرِيجِيّاً.
The economy is gradually emerging from the recession.
Economic context: 'yakhruju min' (to emerge from a state).
يَخْرُجُ النَّبَاتُ مِنَ البِذْرَةِ بَعْدَ السَّقْيِ.
The plant emerges from the seed after watering.
Biological process.
يَخْرُجُ المَسْؤُولُ بِتَصْرِيحٍ مُثِيرٍ لِلْجَدَلِ.
The official comes out with a controversial statement.
Media/Political context.
يَخْرُجُ الفِكْرُ التَّنْوِيرِيُّ مِنْ رَحِمِ الأَزَمَاتِ.
Enlightened thought emerges from the womb of crises.
Highly metaphorical/Literary language.
يَخْرُجُ هَذَا الفِعْلُ عَنْ إِطَارِ العُرْفِ وَالتَّقَالِيدِ.
This act deviates from the framework of custom and tradition.
Sociological/Formal context.
يَخْرُجُ الشَّاعِرُ فِي قَصِيدَتِهِ عَنِ الأَوْزَانِ الخَلِيلِيَّةِ.
In his poem, the poet deviates from the Khalilian meters.
Literary criticism context.
يَخْرُجُ المَرْءُ مِنْ تَجَارِبِهِ بِحِكْمَةٍ بَالِغَةٍ.
A person emerges from his experiences with profound wisdom.
Philosophical observation.
يَخْرُجُ المَشْرُوعُ إِلَى النُّورِ بَعْدَ سَنَوَاتٍ مِنَ التَّخْطِيطِ.
The project comes to light after years of planning.
Idiom: 'yakhruju ila al-nur' (to see the light/be realized).
يَخْرُجُ النِّقَاشُ عَنْ حَدِّ الأَدَبِ فِي بَعْضِ الأَحْيَانِ.
The discussion sometimes exceeds the limits of politeness.
Abstract boundary: 'yakhruju 'an hadd'.
يَخْرُجُ صَوْتُ الحَقِّ مُدَوِّياً فِي وَجْهِ الظُّلْمِ.
The voice of truth comes out thundering in the face of injustice.
Rhetorical/Political language.
يَخْرُجُ البَاحِثُ بِاسْتِنْتَاجَاتٍ تُفَنِّدُ النَّظَرِيَّاتِ السَّابِقَةِ.
The researcher emerges with conclusions that refute previous theories.
Academic refutation.
يَخْرُجُ النَّصُّ عَنْ سِيَاقِهِ التَّارِيخِيِّ عِنْدَ قِرَاءَتِهِ بِمَنْظُورٍ حَدَاثِيٍّ.
The text is removed from its historical context when read through a modernist lens.
Hermeneutical/Academic analysis.
يَخْرُجُ المَرْءُ عَنْ طَوْرِهِ عِنْدَمَا يَشْتَدُّ الغَضَبُ.
A person loses their self-control when anger intensifies.
Classical idiom: 'yakhruju 'an tawrihi' (to lose one's temper/self).
يَخْرُجُ هَذَا التَّصَرُّفُ عَنْ مِلَّةِ الكِرَامِ.
This behavior is unbecoming of honorable people.
Archaic/High-literary register.
يَخْرُجُ الضَّوْءُ مِنَ الثُّقْبِ الأَسْوَدِ فِي نَظَرِيَّاتٍ فِيزْيَائِيَّةٍ مُعَيَّنَةٍ.
Light emerges from a black hole in certain physical theories.
Advanced theoretical science.
يَخْرُجُ الكَاتِبُ مِنَ الشَّرْنَقَةِ الذَّاتِيَّةِ لِيُحَاكِيَ قَضَايَا العَصْرِ.
The writer emerges from his subjective cocoon to address the issues of the age.
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أَعَدَّ
A2Préparer; apprêter. Faire le nécessaire pour qu'une chose soit prête.
عاش
A1Vivre (être en vie, exister). Exemple: Il vit à Paris.
أَعْطَى
A2Donner, remettre quelque chose à quelqu'un. Il a donné le livre à l'étudiant.
أعيش
A1Je vis à Paris depuis trois ans. (I live in Paris for three years.)
عصراً
A2Dans l'après-midi, plus précisément vers la fin de l'après-midi.
عطلة نهاية الأسبوع
A2Le week-end est la période de repos hebdomadaire.
عيد
A2Un jour de fête ou de célébration, souvent religieux ou national. Ex: 'C'est un jour de fête agréable.' 'Nous attendons la fête avec impatience.'
عِيد
A2Un jour de fête ou de repos. Les musulmans célèbrent l'Aïd avec beaucoup de joie et de prières.
عيش
B1La vie ou les moyens de subsistance. En Égypte, cela signifie aussi le pain.
أبريل
A2Avril est le quatrième mois de l'année dans le calendrier grégorien.
