Futur Antérieur en Anglais: Will Have Done (Future Perfect)
will have done.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
The Future Perfect describes an action that will be finished before a specific point in the future.
- Use 'will have' + the past participle (e.g., 'will have eaten').
- It always looks back from a future point to a completed action.
- Commonly used with 'by' or 'by the time' (e.g., 'by tomorrow').
Overview
Future Perfect (ou futur antérieur en français) est une structure grammaticale qui permet d'exprimer une action qui sera terminée avant un moment précis dans le futur. En français, nous utilisons le « futur antérieur » (ex: « j'aurai fini »). La grande différence est que, si la logique est similaire, les francophones ont souvent tendance à sous-utiliser cette forme en anglais, préférant utiliser le futur simple alors que le contexte exige une perspective de complétion.will have done montre que tu te projettes dans le futur et que tu regardes en arrière vers une action déjà accomplie.will change la donne par rapport à notre « avoir » ou « être » au futur simple.Future Perfect repose sur le concept de « rétrospection depuis un point futur ». En français, nous utilisons l'auxiliaire « avoir » ou « être » au futur simple + le participe passé. En anglais, la structure est plus stable : will + have + past participle.when, by the time, ou as soon as) avec un verbe au présent pour marquer le point de repère futur.will have est invariable.I, he, she ou they, on utilise toujours will have. Il n'y a pas de « will has » ! C'est une simplification majeure par rapport à la complexité de la conjugaison française.Future Perfect est en fait un mélange entre le futur (will) et l'aspect perfectif (have + participe passé). Il permet de créer une chronologie : l'action A (le participe passé) se termine avant l'action B (le point de repère futur).not entre will et have : I will not have finished (ou contracté : I won't have finished). Pour la question, on inverse le sujet et will : Will you have finished?.- 1Pour marquer une échéance (Deadline) : C'est l'usage le plus courant au travail. « By 5 PM, I will have sent the email. » (À 17h, j'aurai envoyé l'email).
- 2Pour une séquence d'événements : Quand une action doit être finie avant qu'une autre commence. « Before you wake up, I will have cooked breakfast. »
- 3Pour une durée cumulée : Souvent avec
for. « By next year, I will have lived in Paris for five years. » (L'année prochaine, cela fera cinq ans que j'habite à Paris). - 4Pour une supposition logique : On utilise aussi le
Future Perfectpour deviner ce qui a déjà eu lieu. « He will have arrived by now. » (Il doit être arrivé maintenant).
- 1L'erreur du « will has » : Les francophones, habitués à la conjugaison riche (il a, il aura), tentent parfois d'accorder
haveavec la 3ème personne. Rappelle-toi :willest un modal, il bloque la conjugaison. C'est toujourswill have. - 2Confusion avec le futur simple : Dire « By tomorrow, I will finish » au lieu de « I will have finished ». En français, on peut parfois dire « Demain, je finis », mais en anglais, si tu utilises
by, tu *dois* utiliser leFuture Perfectpour souligner la complétion. - 3Mauvais usage du participe passé : Beaucoup oublient les verbes irréguliers (ex:
go->gone,write->written). En français, le participe passé est souvent simple (-é), mais en anglais, il faut réviser ses verbes irréguliers pour éviter de dire « I will have goed ».
Future Perfect avec le Future Continuous ou le Future Simple.by then sert de marqueur temporel).Present Perfect (I have finished) est lié au présent. Le Future Perfect (I will have finished) est lié à un point futur. Ils servent à des époques différentes.Conjugating 'To Finish' in Future Perfect
| Subject | Auxiliary | Perfective | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|---|
|
I
|
will
|
have
|
finished
|
|
You
|
will
|
have
|
finished
|
|
He/She/It
|
will
|
have
|
finished
|
|
We
|
will
|
have
|
finished
|
|
They
|
will
|
have
|
finished
|
Contractions in the Future Perfect
| Full Form | Contraction | Negative Contraction |
|---|---|---|
|
I will have
|
I'll have
|
I won't have
|
|
You will have
|
You'll have
|
You won't have
|
|
He will have
|
He'll have
|
He won't have
|
|
She will have
|
She'll have
|
She won't have
|
|
It will have
|
It'll have
|
It won't have
|
|
We will have
|
We'll have
|
We won't have
|
|
They will have
|
They'll have
|
They won't have
|
Meanings
Used to express an action that will be completed between now and a specific point in the future.
Future Completion
An action that is finished before another action or time in the future.
“I will have finished the report by 5 PM.”
“They will have arrived before the party starts.”
Duration in the Future
To show how long an action has been happening at a specific point in the future (usually with stative verbs).
“By next Monday, I will have been in this job for ten years.”
“They will have been married for fifty years this June.”
Logical Assumption (Past)
To express a strong belief or certainty that something happened in the past (similar to 'must have').
“You will have heard the news already, I assume.”
“He will have forgotten about the meeting by now.”
Reference Table
| Type | Structure | Exemple | Caractéristique Clé |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
Sujet + will have + Participe Passé
|
I will have finished
|
Action terminée avant le futur
|
|
Négative
|
Sujet + will not have + Participe Passé
|
She won't have arrived
|
Action non terminée avant le futur
|
|
Question
|
Will + Sujet + have + Participe Passé ?
|
Will they have eaten?
|
Interroger sur l'achèvement futur
|
|
Contraction (Affirmative)
|
Sujet + 'll have + Participe Passé
|
You'll have studied
|
Anglais informel, parlé
|
|
Contraction (Négative)
|
Sujet + won't have + Participe Passé
|
We won't have left
|
Négatif informel, parlé
|
Spectre de formalité
The committee will have finalized the proposal by Friday. (Workplace productivity)
I will have finished the report by the end of the day. (Workplace productivity)
I'll have it done by tonight. (Workplace productivity)
I'll have it knocked out by 5. (Workplace productivity)
Futur Antérieur : En un coup d'œil
Structure
- will + have + Past Participle Toujours 'have', jamais 'has' après 'will'
- Contractions 'I'll have', 'won't have'
Usages Clés
- Date Limite Future By 2025, I will have graduated.
- Avant Événement Futur When you arrive, I will have cooked.
Marqueurs Temporels
- by By next week, by 7 PM
- before Before he leaves
- when When she calls
Pièges Courants
- Utilisation de 'has' Incorrect : She will has done.
- Mauvais participe Incorrect : I will have write.
Temps Futurs : Quand utiliser lequel ?
Le Futur Antérieur est-il fait pour toi ?
Parles-tu d'une action qui se passe dans le futur ?
Cette action sera-t-elle *terminée* avant un moment spécifique ou un autre événement dans le futur ?
L'action sera-t-elle *en cours* à un moment futur spécifique ?
Le Futur Antérieur en Contexte
Planification et Échéances
- • By Friday, I will have finished.
- • The report will have been submitted.
Prédictions et Attentes
- • He will have heard the news.
- • She'll have seen my story.
Séquencement des Événements
- • When you arrive, I will have cooked.
- • Before sunrise, preparations will have been completed.
Durée jusqu'à un Point Futur
- • By December, I will have worked here for a year.
- • We'll have lived here for five years.
Exemples par niveau
By 6:00, I will have finished.
By 6:00, I will have finished.
I will have eaten by then.
I will have eaten by then.
Will you have finished your homework?
Will you have finished your homework?
She will have gone to bed.
She will have gone to bed.
By next week, we will have moved house.
By next week, we will have moved house.
I won't have finished the book by tomorrow.
I won't have finished the book by tomorrow.
Will they have arrived by dinner time?
Will they have arrived by dinner time?
By noon, he will have cleaned the car.
By noon, he will have cleaned the car.
By the time you read this, I will have left.
By the time you read this, I will have left.
In two years, I will have completed my degree.
In two years, I will have completed my degree.
They will have built the new bridge by 2025.
They will have built the new bridge by 2025.
Will you have saved enough money by summer?
Will you have saved enough money by summer?
By next month, I will have been with the company for five years.
By next month, I will have been with the company for five years.
The movie will have started by the time we get to the cinema.
The movie will have started by the time we get to the cinema.
Won't you have finished your exams by the end of June?
Won't you have finished your exams by the end of June?
By the time she retires, she will have taught thousands of students.
By the time she retires, she will have taught thousands of students.
You will have noticed that the market has shifted recently.
You will have noticed that the market has shifted recently.
By the end of the decade, technology will have transformed our lives.
By the end of the decade, technology will have transformed our lives.
The package will have been delivered by now, surely.
The package will have been delivered by now, surely.
By the time the government acts, the damage will have been done.
By the time the government acts, the damage will have been done.
Doubtless, he will have anticipated our every move.
Doubtless, he will have anticipated our every move.
By the turn of the century, these traditions will have all but vanished.
By the turn of the century, these traditions will have all but vanished.
The architect will have intended for the light to hit the altar at noon.
The architect will have intended for the light to hit the altar at noon.
Should you arrive late, the ceremony will have already concluded.
Should you arrive late, the ceremony will have already concluded.
Facile à confondre
Learners use 'will be doing' when they mean the action is finished.
Both use 'have + V3', but one is for the past and one is for the future.
Simple future doesn't emphasize the 'before' relationship.
Erreurs courantes
By 5:00 I will finish.
By 5:00 I will have finished.
I will have finish.
I will have finished.
He will has finished.
He will have finished.
I will have went.
I will have gone.
By the time he will arrive, I will have finished.
By the time he arrives, I will have finished.
I will have been finished.
I will have finished.
Will have you finished?
Will you have finished?
I will have finished since two hours.
I will have finished in two hours.
I will have finished until 5 PM.
I will have finished by 5 PM.
By next year I will have had a car.
By next year I will have bought a car.
They will have arrived by yesterday.
They will have arrived by now.
Structures de phrases
By the time ___, I will have ___.
In ___ years' time, she will have ___.
Will you have ___ by ___?
The ___ will have been ___ by ___.
Real World Usage
By this time next year, I will have completed my certification.
We will have migrated all data by the end of the weekend.
We'll have reached the border by sunrise.
This study will have demonstrated the link between the two variables.
I'll have finished my shower in 10 mins, then I can talk.
The company will have doubled its revenue by 2030.
Cherche les phrases avec 'by'
By the time you get home, I will have finished cooking.
Ne confonds pas 'have' et 'has'
He will have arrived by then.(pas 'He will has arrived').
Maîtrise les verbes irréguliers
By next year, I will have gone to Japan.
Utilisation informelle des contractions
Pense à rebours depuis le futur
By the end of the day, I will have completed all my tasks.
Smart Tips
Use the Future Perfect to describe your expected graduation or certification dates to sound professional.
Check if you are using a stative verb like 'be' or 'live'. If so, Future Perfect is likely needed.
If you forget the V3, use a synonym that is regular. Instead of 'written', use 'completed'.
Always tap your watch. 'By the time' is a trigger for the Future Perfect in the other half of the sentence.
Prononciation
The 'Will Have' Reduction
In natural speech, 'will have' is often reduced to 'wull-uv' or even 'wuv'.
Contraction Stress
When using 'I'll have', the stress is usually on the past participle, not the auxiliary.
Rising-Falling for Statements
By tomorrow, I will have finished ↘
Conveys certainty and completion.
Mémorise-le
Moyen mnémotechnique
Remember 'W.H.P.' — Will Have Participle. It's the 'What Has Passed' in the future.
Association visuelle
Imagine a finish line in the future. You are standing past the finish line, looking back at the race you just completed. That 'looking back' is the Future Perfect.
Rhyme
By the time the clock strikes ten, I will have put away my pen.
Story
Imagine a robot named 'Will-Have'. Will-Have only talks about things he finishes. 'By tomorrow, I will have cleaned the planet,' he says. He always looks at his watch and then at a completed task.
Word Web
Défi
Write down three things you will have accomplished by the end of this year using 'I will have...'
Notes culturelles
British speakers use the Future Perfect more frequently as a modal of deduction (e.g., 'You will have seen the news').
Highly common in 'corporate speak' to emphasize accountability and deadlines.
Often shortened significantly in casual speech, sometimes omitting 'have' entirely in very broad accents (though not grammatically correct).
The Future Perfect in English developed from the combination of the modal 'will' (originally meaning 'to want') and the perfect aspect 'have + participle'.
Amorces de conversation
What will you have accomplished by the time you are 50?
By the end of this month, what will you have learned in English?
If you travel to Japan next year, what cities will you have visited by the end of your trip?
By the time the next election happens, what will have changed in your country?
Sujets d'écriture
Erreurs courantes
Test Yourself
By Saturday morning, I ___ all my packing for the trip.
Find and fix the mistake:
She will has graduated by next June.
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
Score: /3
Exercices pratiques
8 exercisesBy next month, I ___ (finish) my English course.
Which sentence is grammatically correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
By the time you will get here, I will have cooked dinner.
I am going to finish the report before 5 PM.
Match 'I will be working' and 'I will have worked'.
A: Can we meet at 7 PM? B: No, I ___ (not/finish) my gym session by then.
You can use 'has' in the Future Perfect if the subject is 'he' or 'she'.
have / they / by / arrived / will / noon / ?
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesWhen you arrive, I ___ the whole apartment.
By her 30th birthday, she ___ around the world.
We won't has finished the project by next Monday.
By the end of the year, I will save enough for a new car.
Choose the correct sentence:
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Para el próximo mes, habré leído tres libros.'
Translate into English: 'Cuando llegue ella, la cena estará lista.' (Focus on completion by arrival)
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the phrases:
Match the questions:
Score: /12
FAQ (8)
In casual speech, yes, but it changes the meaning. `I will finish` means you start finishing at that time. `I will have finished` means it is already done.
This is a rule for all future time clauses (when, before, after, by the time). We use the present tense to refer to the future in these specific clauses.
Not always. It can be the Future Perfect of the verb 'to be' (e.g., `I will have been here for an hour`). It is only passive if followed by another past participle.
It is moderately common. You'll use it most when talking about work deadlines, travel arrivals, or life milestones.
`By` is for a deadline (one point in time). `Until` is for a duration (an action that continues up to a point). You use `by` with Future Perfect.
Yes, but it is very formal and mostly used in British English with 'I' or 'We'. `I shall have finished` is correct but rare.
Most verbs are regular and end in `-ed`. For irregulars, you must memorize the third column of the verb table (e.g., go-went-`gone`).
Yes, in reported speech or conditional sentences (e.g., `He said he would have finished`). This is the 'Future in the Past'.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Futuro Compuesto (Habré cantado)
Spanish uses it more frequently for probability in the present/past.
Futur Antérieur (J'aurai fini)
French requires 'être' for certain verbs of motion, whereas English always uses 'have'.
Futur II (Ich werde abgeschlossen haben)
German speakers usually replace it with the 'Perfekt' (Present Perfect) for simplicity.
〜てしまっているだろう (~te shimatte iru darou)
Japanese relies on context and aspect rather than a dedicated future perfect tense.
سيكون قد (Sa-yakunu qad...)
The particle 'qad' is essential to signal the completion aspect.
已经...了 (Yǐjīng...le)
Meaning is entirely derived from time words (e.g., 'Tomorrow I already finish').
Learning Path
Prerequisites
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