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خداحافظی

A2 noun #3,900 le plus courant 10 min de lecture

خداحافظی

khodahafezi Top 3,900

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces خداحافظی en 30 secondes

Explication خداحافظی in your Level:

At the A1 level, students learn 'Khoda Hafez' as a basic greeting to end a conversation. They should understand that 'Khodāhāfezi' is the name of this action. At this stage, the focus is on the simple present tense: 'Man khodāhāfezi mikonam' (I say goodbye). The learner should recognize the word in simple dialogues where characters are leaving a shop, a classroom, or a home. It's one of the first ten essential social words any Persian learner must know to be polite. The goal is simply to identify the word and use it with the verb 'kardan' in its most basic form.

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At the A2 level, learners begin to use 'Khodāhāfezi' in more complex sentences. They learn to use prepositions like 'bā' (with) and 'ghabl az' (before). For example, 'Ghabl az raftan, khodāhāfezi kardam' (Before going, I said goodbye). They also start to understand the cultural expectation of saying goodbye to everyone in a room individually. The learner can now describe a past event using this word: 'Di-shab bā hame khodāhāfezi kardim' (Last night we said goodbye to everyone). They are introduced to the idea that this word is a noun and can be modified by simple adjectives like 'sade' (simple) or 'khub' (good).

At the B1 level, the learner explores the emotional and social nuances of 'Khodāhāfezi'. They can discuss the difficulty of saying goodbye when moving to a new country or finishing a school year. They learn compound structures and can use the word in the subjunctive mood: 'Mikhāham khodāhāfezi konam' (I want to say goodbye). They begin to notice the word in songs and simple stories, where it might represent a turning point in a narrative. The learner also starts to distinguish between formal and informal ways of performing a 'khodāhāfezi', such as using 'Bedrud' in a formal letter versus 'Khoda Hafez' in person.

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At the B2 level, learners can use 'Khodāhāfezi' in abstract and metaphorical contexts. They can discuss the concept of 'farewell' in a professional setting, such as a retirement speech or a corporate announcement. They are comfortable with the 'Ta'arof' associated with the word—the back-and-forth polite refusals that precede the actual departure. They can use the word as a subject in complex sentences: 'Khodāhāfezi-ye u bā team-e melli hame-rā khosh-hāl kard' (His farewell to the national team made everyone happy). They also learn related idioms and how the word functions in various registers, from legal documents to slang.

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At the C1 level, the student understands 'Khodāhāfezi' as a literary and philosophical concept. they can analyze how different authors use the word to evoke 'nostalgia' (deltangi) or 'resignation' (taslim). They are aware of the historical evolution of the word and its Arabic and Old Persian roots. They can use the word in high-level academic writing or sophisticated social commentary. For example, they might discuss 'The khodāhāfezi of traditional values in modern society'. Their usage is fluid, incorporating subtle synonyms like 'Vedā' or 'Alvadā' to match the exact emotional register of their speech or writing.

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At the C2 level, the learner has a near-native grasp of 'Khodāhāfezi'. They can detect the slightest irony or hidden meaning when the word is used. They can engage in deep discussions about the 'ontology of the farewell' in Persian mysticism or classical poetry. They understand the word's role in the 'inner' (bāteni) and 'outer' (zāheri) aspects of Persian life. They can effortlessly switch between the most archaic forms of the word in a literary analysis and the most modern, colloquial uses in a street setting. For a C2 learner, 'Khodāhāfezi' is not just a word; it's a window into the Iranian soul and its relationship with time, God, and the 'other'.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

خداحافظی en 30 secondes

Khodāhāfezi is the Persian noun for 'farewell' or the act of saying goodbye, derived from 'God be your protector'.
It is usually paired with the verb 'kardan' (to do) and the preposition 'bā' (with) to describe the action.
Culturally, it is a prolonged ritual in Iran, often involving several minutes of polite exchanges before actually leaving.
It ranges from casual daily use to formal literary and metaphorical contexts, such as retiring from a career.

The Persian word خداحافظی (khodāhāfezi) is a cornerstone of Iranian social etiquette, serving as the formal noun for the act of saying goodbye or bidding farewell. While the interjection 'Khoda Hafez' is the actual phrase spoken, khodāhāfezi refers to the event, the ritual, or the concept of parting. In Persian culture, leaving a gathering is rarely a quick affair; it is a multi-stage process of social bonding. Understanding this word requires an appreciation for the depth of Persian hospitality and the 'Ta'arof' system, where the host and guest exchange pleasantries repeatedly before the final departure.

Literal Meaning: The word is a compound: 'Khoda' (God) + 'Hafez' (Protector/Guardian) + the suffix '-i' which turns the phrase into a noun representing the action.
Social Context: It is used in every setting, from the most formal diplomatic meetings to the most casual family dinners. It encompasses the physical act of waving, the verbal exchange of well-wishes, and the emotional weight of separation.

When Iranians engage in خداحافظی, they are not just leaving; they are acknowledging the value of the time spent together. This word often appears with the verb 'kardan' (to do/make), as in 'khodāhāfezi kardan' (to say goodbye). Because Persian culture values long-winded departures, you might hear someone say 'khodāhāfezi-ye toolāni' (a long farewell), which is a common occurrence at the doorstep of many Iranian homes.

بعد از مهمانی، نیم ساعت مشغول خداحافظی بودیم.
(After the party, we were busy saying goodbye for half an hour.)

Furthermore, the word can be used metaphorically. One might speak of 'khodāhāfezi' with a phase of life, a career, or a beloved city. It carries a sense of closure. In literature, it is often contrasted with 'salām' (hello/greeting), representing the cycle of human interaction. While 'salām' brings joy and union, 'khodāhāfezi' often brings a tinge of melancholy or 'deltangi' (missing someone), even if the separation is brief.

او بدون خداحافظی رفت.
(He left without saying goodbye.)

Grammatical Role: As a noun, it can take adjectives (e.g., تلخ/talkh/bitter) and can be the subject or object of a sentence.

In modern digital communication, the word is sometimes shortened or used in hashtags, but its importance remains unchanged. Whether you are hanging up a phone call or leaving a professional zoom meeting, the concept of khodāhāfezi ensures that the relationship remains intact until the next meeting. It is the verbal bridge between 'now' and 'next time'.

Using خداحافظی correctly involves understanding its partnership with various verbs and prepositions. The most common construction is with the verb kardan (to do). Unlike English where you 'say' goodbye, in Persian, you 'do' a goodbye. This highlights the ritualistic nature of the act. You 'do' the farewell with someone, using the preposition 'bā' (with).

من باید با دوستانم خداحافظی کنم.
(I must say goodbye to my friends.)

Another common verb used is 'goftan' (to say), though it is slightly less common than 'kardan' when referring to the formal act. 'Goftan' is used when the focus is on the specific words spoken. For example, 'Be u khodāhāfezi goftam' (I said goodbye to him). However, 'khodāhāfezi kardan' implies the whole process of leaving.

With Adjectives: You can describe the type of farewell: 'khodāhāfezi-ye garm' (a warm goodbye), 'khodāhāfezi-ye rasmi' (a formal goodbye), or 'khodāhāfezi-ye ākhari' (the last goodbye).
As a Direct Object: 'Khodāhāfezi-rā tamām kard' (He finished the goodbye). This is used in narrative writing to describe the end of a scene.

In literary or poetic contexts, 'khodāhāfezi' can be the subject of profound statements. A poet might write, 'Khodāhāfezi hamishe sakht ast' (Saying goodbye is always hard). Here, the word takes on a universal, abstract quality. It represents the pain of separation that is a recurring theme in Persian literature, from Rumi to modern poets like Forough Farrokhzad.

یک خداحافظی ساده می‌تواند خیلی معنی داشته باشد.
(A simple goodbye can mean a lot.)

When writing formally, such as in an email or a letter, you might use the phrase 'Bā ehterām va khodāhāfezi' (With respect and farewell), although modern emails often use more specific closing phrases. In news reports, you might hear 'Khodāhāfezi-ye u bā donyā-ye football' (His farewell to the world of football), referring to a player's retirement. This shows the word's versatility in moving from a daily social act to a major life milestone.

You will encounter the word خداحافظی in diverse settings across the Persian-speaking world. In domestic life, it is the soundtrack to the end of every visit. As guests stand up, the 'khodāhāfezi' begins. You'll hear it spoken by the host as they encourage the guests to stay longer ('Hālā boodid!' - You were just here!), and by the guests as they insist they must leave. This verbal dance is the essence of khodāhāfezi.

مراسم خداحافظی در فرودگاه بسیار غم‌انگیز بود.
(The farewell ceremony at the airport was very sad.)

In public spaces, like airports or train stations, 'khodāhāfezi' is a visible and audible event. Families often gather in large groups to see off a single traveler. The word is used by announcers as well: 'Khodāhāfezi bā mosāferān' (Saying goodbye to the passengers). In these high-emotion environments, the word carries the weight of long distances and uncertain return dates.

In Media: Radio and TV presenters use it at the end of their programs. 'Vaghte khodāhāfezi rasid' (The time for goodbye has arrived). It signals the transition to the next segment or the end of the broadcast day.
In Professional Life: When a colleague leaves a job, a 'jashn-e khodāhāfezi' (farewell party) is organized. Speeches are made, and the 'khodāhāfezi' becomes a formal recognition of their contributions.

On the phone, 'khodāhāfezi' is the final stage of the conversation. Iranian phone calls often involve several rounds of 'Khoda Hafez' before someone actually hangs up. You might hear 'Khob dige, khodāhāfezi' (Well then, goodbye), which serves as a polite 'I'm about to hang up now'. This usage helps manage the flow of conversation and ensures neither party feels abruptly cut off.

او پشت تلفن گرم خداحافظی کردن بود.
(He was busy warmly saying goodbye on the phone.)

Finally, in literature and cinema, 'Khodāhāfezi' is a powerful motif. Many famous Iranian films end with a poignant farewell scene. The word encapsulates the 'Firaq' (separation) that is so central to the Iranian psyche. Whether it's a child saying goodbye to a teacher or a lover saying goodbye at a rainy bus stop, the word provides the linguistic frame for these universal human moments.

For English speakers learning Persian, the most frequent mistake is confusing the interjection 'Khoda Hafez' with the noun 'khodāhāfezi'. In English, 'Goodbye' serves as both the thing you say and the name of the act. In Persian, you say 'Khoda Hafez' to a person, but you describe the act as 'khodāhāfezi'. You should never say 'khodāhāfezi' to someone as you walk out the door; that would be like saying 'The act of farewell!' instead of 'Goodbye!'.

Incorrect: من می‌خواهم خداحافظ بکنم.
Correct: من می‌خواهم خداحافظی کنم.
(I want to say goodbye.)

Another common error involves the preposition. Learners often try to use 'be' (to) because they think 'say goodbye TO someone'. While 'be' is sometimes used with the verb 'goftan', the standard idiomatic way to use the noun with 'kardan' is with 'bā' (with). You 'do' the goodbye 'with' the person.

Preposition Confusion: Avoid 'Khodāhāfezi be u' (Goodbye to him). Use 'Khodāhāfezi bā u' (Goodbye with him/saying goodbye to him).
Spelling/Pronunciation: Some learners forget the 'i' at the end. Without the 'i', it's just the phrase 'God protect'. The 'i' (ی) is crucial for the nominalization.

There is also a mistake regarding the 'Ta'arof' aspect. A learner might think a single 'Khoda Hafez' is enough for a 'khodāhāfezi'. In many Iranian social contexts, if you say goodbye and immediately leave, it might be perceived as 'sarsari' (cursory or careless). A proper 'khodāhāfezi' usually requires a few minutes of standing and exchanging final pleasantries.

اشتباه: او فقط گفت «خداحافظی» و رفت.
(Mistake: He just said "farewell" and left - incorrect usage as an interjection.)

Lastly, be careful with the formal/informal divide. While 'khodāhāfezi' is a neutral noun, the way you 'do' it changes. Forgetting to use plural/formal verbs when 'doing' a 'khodāhāfezi' with an elder or a superior is a common social mistake, even if the word itself is used correctly.

While خداحافظی is the most common way to refer to parting, Persian offers several alternatives depending on the register and the desired emotional tone. Understanding these synonyms will help you navigate different social levels and appreciate Persian literature more deeply.

بدرود (Bedrud): This is a pure Persian (Parsi) word. It is more formal and poetic than 'khodāhāfezi'. You will hear it on news broadcasts, in formal speeches, or read it in classical literature. It has a noble, ancient feel to it.
الوداع (Alvadā'): Borrowed from Arabic, this word is very formal and often carries a heavy emotional or religious weight. It is used for 'final' goodbyes, such as at a funeral or when someone is leaving for a very long time. It implies a sense of 'adieu'.
وداع (Vedā'): Similar to Alvadā', this is the noun form for a formal parting. It is commonly used in literature. 'Vedā'-e talkh' (a bitter parting) is a common literary trope.

In very casual or modern settings, especially among the youth, you might hear 'f'elan' (for now). While not a synonym for the noun 'khodāhāfezi', it is the most common casual alternative to saying 'Khoda Hafez'. The act of saying 'f'elan' is still technically a 'khodāhāfezi', but a very informal one.

او با یک بدرود رسمی جلسه را ترک کرد.
(He left the meeting with a formal farewell.)

Another related concept is 'tark kardan' (to leave/abandon). While 'khodāhāfezi' implies a social interaction, 'tark kardan' is just the physical act of leaving. If you leave a room without talking to anyone, you have 'tark'ed the room, but you haven't 'khodāhāfezi'ed. Understanding this distinction is key to social fluency.

Finally, 'sepor-dan be khodā' (entrusting to God) is the spiritual root of 'khodāhāfezi'. Sometimes people will use the full phrase 'shomā rā be khodā mi-sepāram' (I entrust you to God) instead of a simple goodbye. This is the 'high-style' version of the sentiment behind 'khodāhāfezi'.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The phrase 'Khoda Hafez' replaced the older Persian 'Bedrud' in common speech after the Islamic conquest, but 'Bedrud' is currently seeing a revival among nationalists.

Guide de prononciation

UK /xoˌdɑːhɒːfeˈziː/

US /xoʊˌdɑːhɑːfəˈziː/

The primary stress is on the final 'i' (ی) of the word.

Rime avec

بازی (Bāzi) راضی (Rāzi) موازی (Movāzi) قاضی (Ghāzi) نازی (Nāzi) سازی (Sāzi) پردازی (Pardāzi) تازی (Tāzi)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing 'kh' as a simple 'k'.
Skipping the middle 'h' sound.
Putting the stress on 'ha' instead of 'zi'.
Shortening the final 'i' sound too much.
Confusing the 'o' sound with 'u'.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 2/5

Easy to recognize due to common components 'Khoda' and 'Hafez'.

Écriture 3/5

Spelling 'khodāhāfezi' correctly with the 'h' and 'z' requires practice.

Expression orale 2/5

Pronunciation is melodic but the 'kh' sound can be tricky for beginners.

Écoute 1/5

Very easy to hear in conversations as it signals the end.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

خدا (God) سلام (Hello) کردن (To do) با (With) رفتن (To go)

Apprends ensuite

بدرود (Formal farewell) سفر (Trip) دلتنگی (Missing someone) برگشتن (To return) مهمانی (Party)

Avancé

وداع (Poetic farewell) هجران (Separation/Absence) فراق (Parting in love) تودیع (Formal send-off) معارفه (Introduction - the opposite)

Grammaire à connaître

Compound Verbs with 'Kardan'

خداحافظی + کردن = To say goodbye.

Ezafe Construction

خداحافظیِ (e) من = My goodbye.

Preposition 'Bā' for Social Interaction

خداحافظی با (with) دوستان.

Nominalization with '-i'

Changing the phrase 'Khoda Hafez' into the noun 'Khodāhāfezi'.

Subjunctive after 'Mikhāham'

می‌خواهم خداحافظی کنم (I want to say goodbye).

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Exemples par niveau

او گفت: «خداحافظ».

He said: 'Goodbye'.

Direct quote using the interjection.

من با مادرم خداحافظی می‌کنم.

I say goodbye to my mother.

Simple present tense with 'bā'.

آیا خداحافظی کردی؟

Did you say goodbye?

Simple past question.

خداحافظی در کلاس.

Saying goodbye in class.

Noun phrase.

ما باید خداحافظی کنیم.

We must say goodbye.

Modal verb 'must' with subjunctive.

خداحافظیِ خوب.

A good goodbye.

Noun with ezafe and adjective.

او بدون خداحافظی رفت.

He left without saying goodbye.

Preposition 'bedun-e' (without).

وقتِ خداحافظی است.

It is time to say goodbye.

Possessive construction (time of goodbye).

قبل از سفر، با همه خداحافظی کردم.

Before the trip, I said goodbye to everyone.

Use of 'ghabl az' (before).

خداحافظی کردن با دوستان سخت است.

Saying goodbye to friends is hard.

Infinitive as a subject.

آن‌ها در فرودگاه خداحافظی کردند.

They said goodbye at the airport.

Locative 'dar' (at/in).

یک خداحافظیِ کوتاه داشتیم.

We had a short goodbye.

Using 'dāshtan' (to have) with the noun.

او برای خداحافظی آمد.

He came to say goodbye.

Preposition 'barāye' (for/to).

خداحافظیِ آن‌ها نیم ساعت طول کشید.

Their goodbye took half an hour.

Verb 'tool keshidan' (to take time).

من همیشه با لبخند خداحافظی می‌کنم.

I always say goodbye with a smile.

Adverbial phrase 'bā labkhand'.

او با دست خداحافظی کرد.

He waved goodbye (with his hand).

Instrumental 'bā dast'.

هیچ‌کس دوست ندارد خداحافظی کند.

Nobody likes to say goodbye.

Negative subject 'hich-kas'.

نامه‌اش را با یک خداحافظیِ گرم تمام کرد.

He finished his letter with a warm goodbye.

Compound past 'tamām kard'.

خداحافظیِ ناگهانی او همه را غافلگیر کرد.

His sudden goodbye surprised everyone.

Adjective 'nāgahāni' (sudden).

بعد از ده سال، خداحافظی با این شهر دشوار است.

After ten years, saying goodbye to this city is difficult.

Gerund-like use of the noun.

او با نگاهی غمگین خداحافظی کرد.

He said goodbye with a sad look.

Descriptive phrase 'bā negāhi ghamgin'.

آیا مراسم خداحافظی برگزار می‌شود؟

Will a farewell ceremony be held?

Passive construction 'bargozār shodan'.

او هنوز مشغول خداحافظی با مهمان‌هاست.

He is still busy saying goodbye to the guests.

Continuous state 'mashghul-e'.

خداحافظیِ ما در ایستگاه قطار بود.

Our goodbye was at the train station.

Possessive 'mā' (our).

این فیلم با یک خداحافظیِ تلخ به پایان می‌رسد.

This movie ends with a bitter farewell.

Verb 'be pāyān residan' (to come to an end).

او با دنیای حرفه‌ای خداحافظی کرد.

He bid farewell to the professional world (retired).

Metaphorical usage for retirement.

خداحافظیِ رسمیِ وزیر در تلویزیون پخش شد.

The minister's official farewell was broadcast on TV.

Passive 'pakhsh shod'.

او ترجیح داد بدون هیچ خداحافظی‌ای برود.

He preferred to leave without any goodbye.

Indefinite 'i' on the noun.

خداحافظی لزوماً به معنای فراموشی نیست.

Goodbye doesn't necessarily mean forgetting.

Abstract philosophical statement.

آن‌ها ساعت‌ها صرف خداحافظی کردند.

They spent hours saying goodbye.

Verb 'sarf kardan' (to spend/consume).

خداحافظیِ او بوی جداییِ ابدی می‌داد.

His goodbye smelled of eternal separation.

Idiomatic 'bu-ye ... dādan' (to smell of/suggest).

او در نامه‌اش خداحافظیِ مفصلی کرده بود.

He had made a detailed goodbye in his letter.

Past perfect 'karde bud'.

در ادبیات کلاسیک، خداحافظی اغلب با استعاره‌های سوزناک همراه است.

In classical literature, farewell is often accompanied by poignant metaphors.

Academic register.

او با شکوه تمام از قدرت خداحافظی کرد.

He bid farewell to power with full glory.

Abstract noun 'ghodrat' (power).

خداحافظیِ او، پایانِ یک دوران بود.

His farewell was the end of an era.

Metaphorical 'pāyān-e yek dōrān'.

شاعر در این قطعه، خداحافظی را به غروب تشبیه کرده است.

In this piece, the poet has likened farewell to the sunset.

Literary analysis 'tashbih kardan'.

خداحافظیِ ناگزیرِ انسان با جوانی، مضمونی همیشگی است.

The inevitable farewell of man to youth is a constant theme.

Complex noun phrase with 'nāgozir' (inevitable).

او با یک خداحافظیِ نمادین، اعتراض خود را نشان داد.

He showed his protest with a symbolic farewell.

Adjective 'namādin' (symbolic).

این خداحافظی، آغازی برای یک زندگی جدید بود.

This goodbye was a beginning for a new life.

Paradoxical construction (goodbye as beginning).

او در اوج شهرت، با صحنه خداحافظی کرد.

At the height of his fame, he bid farewell to the stage.

Idiomatic 'bā sahne khodāhāfezi kardan'.

خداحافظی در فرهنگ ایرانی، تجلیِ پیوندهای عاطفیِ عمیق است.

Farewell in Iranian culture is the manifestation of deep emotional bonds.

Sociological register.

او با ظرافتی خاص، میانِ سلام و خداحافظی پلی زد.

With a particular delicacy, he bridged the gap between hello and goodbye.

High literary style.

هر خداحافظی، پیش‌درآمدی بر یک دلتنگیِ تازه است.

Every goodbye is a prelude to a new longing.

Philosophical aphorism.

او بدونِ کلام و تنها با یک اشاره، خداحافظی کرد.

He said goodbye without words and only with a gesture.

Emphasis on 'bedun-e kalām'.

خداحافظیِ او از سیاست، شوکِ بزرگی به جامعه وارد کرد.

His farewell to politics delivered a huge shock to society.

Collocation 'shok vāred kardan'.

در این رمان، خداحافظی به مثابه‌ی مرگی کوچک توصیف شده است.

In this novel, farewell is described as a small death.

Comparative 'be masābe-ye' (as/like).

او با وقار و متانت با گذشته‌اش خداحافظی کرد.

He bid farewell to his past with dignity and composure.

Adverbs of manner 'bā veghār va matānat'.

خداحافظیِ نهایی، مواجهه‌ای تلخ با حقیقتِ فانی بودن است.

The final farewell is a bitter encounter with the truth of mortality.

Existentialist vocabulary.

Collocations courantes

خداحافظی کردن

مراسم خداحافظی

خداحافظیِ تلخ

وقتِ خداحافظی

بدون خداحافظی

خداحافظیِ گرم

نامه خداحافظی

خداحافظیِ رسمی

قصدِ خداحافظی

خداحافظیِ طولانی

Phrases Courantes

خداحافظیِ آخر

— The final goodbye, often used for death or permanent parting.

این خداحافظیِ آخر بود.

فقط برای خداحافظی آمدم

— I only came to say goodbye.

نمی‌توانم بمانم، فقط برای خداحافظی آمدم.

خداحافظیِ سرد

— An unfriendly or indifferent goodbye.

او با یک خداحافظیِ سرد رفت.

خداحافظیِ ناگهانی

— A sudden or unexpected parting.

همه از خداحافظیِ ناگهانیِ او تعجب کردند.

جشن خداحافظی

— A farewell party.

فردا برای سارا جشن خداحافظی می‌گیریم.

خداحافظیِ اجباری

— A forced farewell (e.g., due to circumstances).

این یک خداحافظیِ اجباری بود.

لحظه خداحافظی

— The moment of saying goodbye.

لحظه خداحافظی همیشه سخت است.

خداحافظیِ موقت

— A temporary goodbye.

این فقط یک خداحافظیِ موقت است.

آداب خداحافظی

— Etiquette of saying goodbye.

او آداب خداحافظی را نمی‌داند.

خداحافظیِ دسته‌جمعی

— A group goodbye.

یک خداحافظیِ دسته‌جمعی در پایان اردو.

Souvent confondu avec

خداحافظی vs خداحافظ

This is the interjection (Goodbye!). 'Khodāhāfezi' is the noun (The act of saying goodbye).

خداحافظی vs خدا نکند

Means 'God forbid'. Sounds slightly similar but totally different meaning.

خداحافظی vs حافظه

Means 'memory'. Shares the root H-F-Z but refers to the mind.

Expressions idiomatiques

"خداحافظی با چیزی"

— To give up on something or lose hope in it.

باید با آن پول خداحافظی کنی.

Informal/Metaphorical

"خداحافظی با صحنه"

— To retire from performing or being in the public eye.

او در ۶۰ سالگی با صحنه خداحافظی کرد.

Neutral

"خداحافظیِ فرانسوی"

— Leaving without saying goodbye (Irish goodbye).

او باز هم خداحافظیِ فرانسوی کرد.

Informal (rare)

"خداحافظی با زندگی"

— To pass away (euphemism).

او با زندگی خداحافظی کرد.

Formal/Literary

"خداحافظی با آرزوها"

— To abandon one's dreams.

او با تمام آرزوهایش خداحافظی کرد.

Literary

"خداحافظیِ همیشگی"

— A permanent parting, usually death.

این یک خداحافظیِ همیشگی بود.

Neutral

"عطایش را به لقایش بخشیدن"

— To say goodbye to something because the trouble isn't worth the benefit.

من با این شغل خداحافظی کردم و عطایش را به لقایش بخشیدم.

Literary Idiom

"غزلِ خداحافظی را خواندن"

— To perform the final act before leaving or dying.

او غزلِ خداحافظی را خواند و رفت.

Literary/Idiom

"خداحافظی در اوج"

— Retiring while at the peak of success.

او تصمیم گرفت در اوج خداحافظی کند.

Neutral

"بوسیدن و کنار گذاشتن"

— To kiss something goodbye and put it aside (to retire/quit).

او ورزش را بوسید و کنار گذاشت (با ورزش خداحافظی کرد).

Informal Idiom

Facile à confondre

خداحافظی vs بدرود

Both mean farewell.

Bedrud is pure Persian and very formal; Khodāhāfezi is the common, everyday word.

The news anchor said 'Bedrud', but I said 'Khoda Hafez' to my mom.

خداحافظی vs وداع

Both refer to parting.

Vedā implies a more emotional, poetic, or long-term separation.

A soldier's 'Vedā' with his family is more than just a 'khodāhāfezi'.

خداحافظی vs ترک

Both involve leaving.

Tark is the physical departure; Khodāhāfezi is the social interaction during departure.

He left (tark kard) the room without saying goodbye (khodāhāfezi).

خداحافظی vs رخصت

Used at the time of leaving.

Roxsat is 'permission' to leave, used in polite Ta'arof.

I asked for 'roxsat' to begin my 'khodāhāfezi'.

خداحافظی vs دوری

Related to parting.

Duri is the 'state' of being away; Khodāhāfezi is the 'act' of parting.

After the 'khodāhāfezi', the 'duri' begins.

Structures de phrases

[Subject] [Preposition] [Person] khodāhāfezi mikonad.

او با من خداحافظی می‌کند.

Ghabl az [Verb-ing], khodāhāfezi kardam.

قبل از رفتن، خداحافظی کردم.

Khodāhāfezi bā [Noun] sakht ast.

خداحافظی با وطن سخت است.

U bedun-e hich khodāhāfezi-i raft.

او بدون هیچ خداحافظی‌ای رفت.

Khodāhāfezi-ye u namādi az [Abstract Noun] bud.

خداحافظیِ او نمادی از آزادی بود.

Dar in lahze, u ghazal-e khodāhāfezi rā khānd.

در این لحظه، او غزلِ خداحافظی را خواند.

Any

Vaght-e khodāhāfezi raside ast.

وقتِ خداحافظی رسیده است.

Any

Ba'd az khodāhāfezi, [Action].

بعد از خداحافظی، سوار ماشین شد.

Famille de mots

Noms

خدا (God)

حافظ (Protector)

حفاظت (Protection)

محافظ (Guard)

Verbes

حفظ کردن (To protect/memorize)

خداحافظی کردن (To say goodbye)

Adjectifs

خداحافظی‌گونه (Farewell-like)

محفوظ (Protected)

Apparenté

بدرود

وداع

سفر

جدایی

دلتنگی

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Extremely high in daily life and media.

Erreurs courantes

Saying 'Khodāhāfezi!' as you leave. → Say 'Khoda Hafez!'.
You use the interjection to speak, not the noun name of the act.
Using 'be' instead of 'bā'. → Khodāhāfezi bā u.
Persian logic is 'doing goodbye WITH someone'.
Forgetting the final 'i'. → Khodāhāfezi.
Without the 'i', it's not a noun; it's just the phrase 'God protect'.
Pronouncing it 'Koda-afezi'. → Khodāhāfezi.
The 'kh' and 'h' sounds are essential for correct Persian phonetics.
Using 'khodāhāfezi' for 'hello'. → Use 'Salām'.
Beginners sometimes mix up greetings and farewells. This is a parting word only.

Astuces

Verb Pairing

Always pair 'khodāhāfezi' with 'kardan' to express the action of saying goodbye.

The Doorstep Rule

Be prepared for the 'doorstep khodāhāfezi' which can last as long as the visit itself.

The Silent H

Don't drop the 'h' in 'hafez'; it should be a gentle breath.

Formal vs Informal

Use 'Bedrud' for speeches and 'Khodāhāfezi' for everything else.

Ezafe Use

Remember the ezafe when adding an adjective: 'khodāhāfezi-ye (e) garm'.

Signal Word

When you hear 'khodāhāfezi', start gathering your things; the meeting is ending.

Eye Contact

Maintain eye contact during the 'khodāhāfezi' ritual to show sincerity.

God-Guard-y

Think of it as the 'God-Guarding-Activity'.

Arabic Root

Knowing that 'Hafez' means 'guardian' helps you remember the protective sentiment.

Digital Goodbye

Even in texts, 'khodāhāfezi' is used to signal the end of a chat session.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of 'Khoda' (God) and 'Hafez' (the famous poet/protector). You are asking God to protect your friend until you see them again. The 'i' at the end makes it the 'activity' of doing so.

Association visuelle

Visualize a person standing at a turquoise-tiled doorway, waving slowly as a car drives away. This 'ritual' is the Khodāhāfezi.

Word Web

God Protect Goodbye Ritual Ta'arof Parting Doorway Waving

Défi

Try to describe your last 'Khodāhāfezi' in three sentences using the past tense.

Origine du mot

The word is a Persian compound. 'Khoda' comes from Old Persian 'huv-data' (self-created). 'Hafez' is an Arabic loanword meaning 'guardian' or 'protector'. The suffix '-i' is the Persian nominalizer.

Sens originel : The original phrase 'Khoda Hafez' means 'May God be your protector'. As a noun, it became 'the act of wishing God's protection upon parting'.

Indo-European (Persian) with Semitic (Arabic) influence.

Contexte culturel

Be aware that in very religious contexts, 'Khodāhāfezi' is the standard, while 'Bedrud' might be seen as secular or nationalistic.

In English, 'Goodbye' is often quick. In Persian, 'Khodāhāfezi' is an event. Don't be surprised if an Iranian friend takes 15 minutes to actually leave after saying they are going.

The movie 'A Separation' (Jodaeiye Nader az Simin) features many poignant moments of parting. The poet Hafez, whose name is part of the word, is the most beloved poet in Iran. Popular song: 'Khodāhāfezi' by various Iranian pop artists like Hayedeh or Googoosh.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Leaving a party

ببخشید، من باید خداحافظی کنم.
خیلی خوش گذشت، خداحافظی می‌کنم.
خداحافظیِ طولانی نشه!
با همه خداحافظی کردی؟

Ending a phone call

خوب، کاری نداری؟ خداحافظی.
فعلاً خداحافظی می‌کنیم.
قربانت، خداحافظی.
خداحافظی با شما سخته.

Retirement

او با دنیای فوتبال خداحافظی کرد.
مراسم خداحافظیِ بازنشستگی.
امروز روز خداحافظیِ اوست.
خداحافظی با همکاران قدیمی.

Airport/Travel

خداحافظیِ سختی در فرودگاه داشتیم.
برای خداحافظی به ترمینال رفتم.
اشک در لحظه خداحافظی.
یک خداحافظیِ سریع.

Literature/Movies

خداحافظیِ قهرمان داستان.
یک سکانسِ خداحافظیِ عالی.
شعر درباره خداحافظی.
پایانِ فیلم با خداحافظی.

Amorces de conversation

"آخرین باری که یک خداحافظیِ طولانی داشتی کی بود؟"

"آیا برای تو خداحافظی کردن سخت است یا راحت؟"

"در کشور شما، آدابِ خداحافظی چگونه است؟"

"به نظر تو بهترین راه برای خداحافظی با یک دوست صمیمی چیست؟"

"آیا تا به حال بدون خداحافظی جایی را ترک کرده‌ای؟"

Sujets d'écriture

درباره یک خداحافظیِ تلخ در زندگی‌تان بنویسید و بگویید چه حسی داشتید.

تفاوت‌های خداحافظی در فرهنگ خودتان و فرهنگ ایران را مقایسه کنید.

اگر مجبور باشید با شهر خودتان خداحافظی کنید، چه چیزهایی را بیشتر از همه دلتنگ می‌شوید؟

یک داستان کوتاه بنویسید که با یک خداحافظی در ایستگاه قطار شروع می‌شود.

چرا بعضی از مردم ترجیح می‌دهند بدون خداحافظی بروند؟ نظرتان را بنویسید.

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

No, you should say 'Khoda Hafez'. 'Khodāhāfezi' is the noun describing the act. You would say 'I am doing khodāhāfezi' (khodāhāfezi mikonam).

Yes, usually. Iranian culture values a prolonged farewell as a sign of respect and friendship. A quick exit can seem cold.

'Khoda Hafez' is the phrase you speak (interjection). 'Khodāhāfezi' is the name of the ritual (noun).

Rarely. It's mostly for TV, radio, or formal writing. Stick to 'Khoda Hafez' for daily life.

You say 'Jashn-e khodāhāfezi'.

Yes, 'khodāhāfezi-hā', but it's mostly used in literary contexts like 'all our goodbyes'.

Because in Persian, you 'do' the farewell 'along with' the other person as a mutual interaction.

Yes, it can be used for any kind of parting, including romantic breakups, though 'jodāyi' is more specific for that.

It means 'God (Khoda) [is your] Protector (Hafez)'.

In speech, people often shorten 'Khoda Hafez' to 'Khodafez', but the noun 'khodāhāfezi' usually stays the same.

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