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B1 noun 12 min de lecture

شاخص

Q: What is the plural of 'Shākhes'?

The standard Persian plural is 'Shākhes-hā' (شاخصها). Although it comes from Arabic, the Arabic broken plural 'Shawākhes' is almost never used in modern Persian.

shaakhes

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces شاخص en 30 secondes

Explication شاخص in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to worry about the complex economic uses of 'Shākhes.' Think of it simply as a 'special number' or a 'sign' that shows how something is. For example, if you are learning about the weather, you might see a number for how clean the air is. That number is a 'Shākhes.' At this stage, just remember that 'Shākhes' usually comes with another word using a small 'e' sound, like 'Shākhes-e havā' (air index). It is a formal word, but you will see it in news headlines or on apps. Don't try to use it in your first basic conversations; instead, just recognize it when you see it on a screen or a chart. It is like a pointer that says 'look at this value.' In simple terms, it's a way to measure things so we can talk about them easily. Even though it is a big word, it is very common in Iran because people talk about the 'Shākhes' of the stock market or the 'Shākhes' of pollution every day. Just think of it as a 'ruler' for things you cannot see, like prices or air quality.

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At the A2 level, you can start to use 'Shākhes' in specific, common phrases. You will likely encounter it when talking about health or the environment. For instance, 'Shākhes-e tūde-ye badani' (BMI) is a great phrase to know if you are discussing fitness or doctor visits. At this level, you should understand that 'Shākhes' is a noun and it usually describes a measurement. You might say, 'Shākhes-e havā emruz khub nist' (The air index is not good today). This is a very useful sentence for living in a big city. You are moving beyond just recognizing the word to using it in simple descriptions of your environment. Remember that 'Shākhes' is more formal than 'neshāne' (sign). If you see a number on a graph, call it a 'Shākhes.' If you see a dark cloud, call it a 'neshāne' of rain. Distinguishing between these two will help you sound more accurate. You should also be aware that the plural is 'Shākhes-hā,' which you might see in a list of rules or measurements. Keep your sentences simple: 'In adad yek shākhes ast' (This number is an index).

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At the B1 level, you are expected to understand 'Shākhes' in its most common professional and social contexts. This is the level where you should be able to follow a basic news report about the economy. You should know that 'Shākhes-e Bourse' refers to the stock market index and 'Shākhes-e tūram' refers to the inflation index. You can now use the word to discuss trends. For example, you might say, 'Shākhes-e gheymat-hā dar in māh bālā rafte ast' (The price index has gone up this month). You are also introduced to the idea of 'Shākhes' as a benchmark. If you are setting a goal, you might define a 'Shākhes' to measure your progress. This is also the level where you might encounter the adjectival use of 'Shākhes' meaning 'prominent.' You might read about a 'shakhsiyat-e shākhes' (a prominent personality) in a biography. Understanding that the same word can mean 'index' (noun) and 'prominent' (adjective) is a key B1 milestone. You should be comfortable using the Ezafe construction correctly every time you use this word as a noun.

At the B2 level, you should be able to use 'Shākhes' to engage in more detailed discussions about society, economics, and science. You can use it to explain complex ideas, such as 'Shākhes-e توسعه انسانی' (Human Development Index). You should be able to compare different indicators and argue why one 'Shākhes' might be more accurate than another. For example, 'Be nazar-e man, in shākhes nemitavānad vāghe'iyat rā neshān dehad' (In my opinion, this indicator cannot show the reality). At this level, you should also be familiar with common collocations like 'Shākhes-e kelidi-ye amalkard' (KPIs) in a business context. You are expected to use the word with the correct register—knowing that it belongs in a formal report or a serious discussion rather than a casual chat with friends. You can also start using synonyms like 'namāgar' or 'me'yār' to add variety to your speech and writing. Your understanding of the word should now include its role in statistical analysis and how it serves as a foundation for making data-driven decisions in various fields.

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At the C1 level, your use of 'Shākhes' should be precise and nuanced. You should be able to use it in academic writing or professional presentations to describe the methodology of a study. For instance, you might discuss the 'vazn-dehi-ye shākhes-hā' (weighting of indicators) in a complex model. You should understand the subtle differences between 'Shākhes,' 'Mo'asher,' and 'Namāgar,' and choose the one that fits the specific academic tradition or technical field you are working in. At this level, you can use the word to discuss abstract concepts, such as the 'Shākhes-e dēmokrāsi' (Democracy Index) or 'Shākhes-e āzādi-ye bayān' (Freedom of Expression Index), and analyze the factors that contribute to these metrics. You should also be able to recognize and use the word in literary or highly formal contexts where it might be used metaphorically. Your grammar should be flawless, and you should be able to use complex sentence structures, such as 'Bā tavajjo be nakhosatīn shākhes-hā-ye daryāfti...' (Considering the first indicators received...). You are not just using the word; you are manipulating it to express sophisticated analytical thoughts.

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At the C2 level, you have a masterly command of 'Shākhes' and its various connotations. You can use it to critique the very concept of measurement in social sciences or philosophy. You might engage in a high-level debate about the 'ebtezāl-e shākhes-sāzi' (the trivialization of index-making) in modern governance. You understand the historical evolution of the term from its Arabic roots to its current status in modern Persian. You can effortlessly switch between its noun and adjective forms, using it to describe 'āthār-e shākhes-e adabi' (prominent literary works) with the same ease as 'shākhes-hā-ye rīz-eqtesādi' (microeconomic indicators). You are also familiar with rare or highly specialized uses of the word in fields like law, advanced mathematics, or classical Persian literature. In writing, your use of 'Shākhes' contributes to a formal and authoritative style that is indistinguishable from that of a native-speaking expert. You can use the word in complex rhetorical structures, perhaps using it as a pivot point in an argument about how metrics shape our perception of reality. Your vocabulary is so rich that 'Shākhes' is just one of many tools you use to describe the multifaceted nature of indicators and benchmarks in the modern world.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

شاخص en 30 secondes

A formal noun meaning 'index,' 'indicator,' or 'benchmark,' widely used in economics, health, and science to provide a numerical measure of status.
Can also function as an adjective meaning 'prominent' or 'outstanding,' typically describing famous people or significant works of art and literature.
Essential for understanding Persian news, especially regarding the stock market (Shākhes-e Bourse) and environmental reports (Shākhes-e Aludegi-ye Havā).
Requires the Ezafe construction when linking to the subject of measurement, such as 'Shākhes-e tūram' for the 'inflation index.'

The Persian word شاخص (pronounced as 'Shākhes') is a versatile and essential term in modern Persian, primarily serving as a noun that translates to 'index,' 'indicator,' 'benchmark,' or 'metric.' At its core, it refers to a sign, a measure, or a numerical value that represents the status, quality, or level of something else. In the realm of linguistics, it is derived from the Arabic root 'sh-kh-s,' which pertains to individuals or distinct entities, but in Persian, its application has evolved significantly toward technical, economic, and social measurements. When you hear this word, you should immediately think of a yardstick or a pointer that helps people understand a complex situation through a simplified figure or observation.

Economic Context: In the financial world, this word is used constantly to describe stock market indices. For example, 'Shākhes-e Koll' refers to the overall index of the Tehran Stock Exchange. It represents the collective movement of stock prices and serves as a vital health check for the national economy.

امروز شاخص بورس با رشد قابل توجهی روبرو شد.
(Today, the stock market index faced a significant growth.)

Beyond finance, 'Shākhes' is used in health and sociology. You might encounter 'Shākhes-e Tode-ye Badani,' which is the Persian translation for Body Mass Index (BMI). Here, it functions as a standardized metric to categorize human body mass. Similarly, in environmental discussions, 'Shākhes-e Aludegi-ye Havā' (Air Pollution Index) is a phrase every resident of a major Iranian city like Tehran knows well, as it dictates whether schools will be closed or if it is safe to exercise outdoors.

Social and Development Context: Sociologists use this word to discuss the 'Shākhes-e Refāh' (Welfare Index) or 'Shākhes-e Shādi' (Happiness Index). In these cases, the word moves away from hard numbers and into the territory of complex social indicators that aggregate various factors like income, health, and freedom.

این کشور در شاخص توسعه انسانی رتبه اول را دارد.
(This country holds the first rank in the Human Development Index.)

Understanding this word is crucial for intermediate learners because it bridges the gap between everyday conversation and academic or professional discourse. Whether you are reading a newspaper, watching the news, or participating in a business meeting, 'Shākhes' will appear as the go-to term for describing how something is measured or compared. It carries an air of authority and precision, making it indispensable for anyone looking to discuss data, trends, or evaluations in Persian.

Scientific Application: In mathematics and statistics, 'Shākhes' is used to define variables that indicate a specific property of a set. It is the foundation for creating benchmarks against which other data points are compared.

ما باید یک شاخص جدید برای اندازه‌گیری بهره‌وری تعریف کنیم.
(We need to define a new indicator for measuring productivity.)

تغییرات اقلیمی یکی از مهم‌ترین شاخص‌های سلامت سیاره است.
(Climate change is one of the most important indicators of the planet's health.)

Using the word شاخص correctly requires an understanding of the 'Ezafe' construction, which is the cornerstone of Persian grammar. Because 'Shākhes' is most often used to describe the index *of* something, it is almost always followed by a short 'e' sound (the Ezafe) that links it to the noun it modifies. For example, 'Shākhes-e Gheymat' (Index of Prices) or 'Shākhes-e Movaffaghiyat' (Index of Success). Mastering this connection is the first step toward sounding natural when using this technical term.

Structure: Subject + Shākhes + Ezafe + Noun: This is the most common way to introduce a specific metric. You state the general category first, then specify what it measures. Example: 'Shākhes-e tūram' (Inflation index).

شاخص قیمت مصرف‌کننده نشان‌دهنده قدرت خرید مردم است.
(The consumer price index indicates the purchasing power of the people.)

When using 'Shākhes' in a sentence, it often functions as the subject or the direct object. If it is the subject, it usually precedes a verb like 'afzāyesh yāftan' (to increase), 'kāhesh yāftan' (to decrease), or 'neshān dādan' (to show). If it is the object, you might 'barresi kardan' (examine) or 'mohāsebe kardan' (calculate) the index. This flexibility allows you to describe both the status of the index itself and the actions taken by researchers or officials regarding that index.

Verb Pairings: Common verbs used with 'Shākhes' include: 1. تعیین کردن (to determine), 2. بهبود بخشیدن (to improve), 3. تحلیل کردن (to analyze).

دولت تلاش می‌کند شاخص‌های اقتصادی را بهبود بخشد.
(The government is trying to improve economic indicators.)

In more complex sentences, 'Shākhes' can be part of a comparison. You might compare the index of one year to another using 'nesbat be' (compared to). This is very common in reporting and academic writing. For example, 'Shākhes-e emsāl nesbat be sāle gozashte bist darsad roshd dāshte ast' (This year's index has grown twenty percent compared to last year). This structure is vital for anyone writing reports or analyzing data in a Persian-speaking professional environment.

Comparisons and Ratios: Use 'Shākhes' to set a baseline. 'In adad be onvān-e shākhes dar nazar gerefte mishavad' (This number is considered as the benchmark/index).

ما باید شاخص رضایت مشتریان را به دقت زیر نظر داشته باشیم.
(We must closely monitor the customer satisfaction index.)

کدام شاخص برای ارزیابی عملکرد کارمندان مناسب‌تر است؟
(Which indicator is more suitable for evaluating employee performance?)

The word شاخص is a staple of Persian media and professional life. If you turn on the radio or television in Iran, particularly during the economic news segment, you will hear 'Shākhes' mentioned multiple times within a few minutes. It is the primary way news anchors relay the performance of the stock market, the rate of inflation, and the cost of living. Because the Iranian economy is a frequent topic of public discussion, even people who are not financial experts use this word in their daily conversations when complaining about prices or discussing the value of their investments.

The Evening News (Akhbār): News anchors often start with: 'Shākhes-e koll-e bourse-e Tehrān emruz bā panj-hezār vāhed rīzesh dāsht' (The Tehran stock exchange overall index dropped by five thousand units today).

طبق گزارش‌ها، شاخص فلاکت در برخی مناطق افزایش یافته است.
(According to reports, the misery index has increased in some regions.)

In academic settings, such as universities or research institutes, 'Shākhes' is the standard term for 'variable' or 'indicator' in scientific papers. Students of social sciences, engineering, and medicine use it to describe the metrics of their studies. For instance, a medical student might talk about 'Shākhes-hā-ye salāmat' (health indicators) like blood pressure or glucose levels. In this environment, the word is used with high precision and is often accompanied by statistical terms like 'miāngin' (average) or 'enherāf-e me'yār' (standard deviation).

Medical and Health Reports: You will see it in laboratory results or public health campaigns. 'Shākhes-e tūde-ye badani-ye khod rā mohāsebe konid' (Calculate your Body Mass Index).

شاخص آلودگی هوا به وضعیت قرمز رسیده است.
(The air pollution index has reached the red status.)

Finally, you will hear this word in the corporate world. During performance reviews or quarterly meetings, managers discuss 'Shākhes-hā-ye kelidi-ye amalkard' (Key Performance Indicators or KPIs). This is a direct translation of the English business term and is used extensively in the modern Iranian private sector. If you are working in a startup or a multinational company in Iran, knowing how to discuss your 'Shākhes' is essential for career progression.

Business and Management: KPIs are referred to as 'Shākhes-hā-ye Kelidi.' They are used to measure the success of projects and individual employees.

ما بر اساس این شاخص‌ها، بودجه سال آینده را تنظیم می‌کنیم.
(We adjust next year's budget based on these indicators.)

آیا این شاخص واقعاً نشان‌دهنده کیفیت خدمات ماست؟
(Is this indicator truly reflective of our service quality?)

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when using the word شاخص is confusing it with other words for 'sign' or 'symbol,' such as 'neshāne' or 'alāmat.' While 'Shākhes' is an indicator, it is almost always a *technical* or *comparative* indicator. You wouldn't use 'Shākhes' to say 'There is a sign of rain in the sky.' In that case, 'neshāne' is the correct choice. 'Shākhes' implies a level of measurement or a standard that has been established for comparison.

Confusion with 'Me'yār' (Criterion): While often interchangeable in casual speech, 'Me'yār' refers to the standard of judgment, while 'Shākhes' refers to the specific value or metric used within that standard. Think of 'Me'yār' as the 'rule' and 'Shākhes' as the 'reading.'

اشتباه: این یک شاخص است که باران می‌بارد. (Incorrect usage for a simple sign)
درست: این یک نشانه است که باران می‌بارد. (Correct: 'neshāne')

Another common error involves the misuse of its adjectival form. As mentioned previously, 'Shākhes' can mean 'prominent.' Some learners mistakenly use the noun form when they intend to use the adjective, or vice versa. For example, saying 'ū yek shākhes-e bozorg ast' (he is a big index) when they mean 'ū yek honarmand-e shākhes ast' (he is a prominent artist). Always ensure that if you are describing a person's prominence, the word follows the noun and acts as a modifier.

Misplacement in Ezafe: Learners often forget the Ezafe when linking 'Shākhes' to its subject. It must be 'Shākhes-e tūram,' not 'Shākhes tūram.' Without the 'e' sound, the phrase becomes grammatically disjointed.

اشتباه: شاخص بورس (without Ezafe in speech)
درست: شاخصِ بورس (with Ezafe)

Finally, avoid overusing 'Shākhes' in informal settings where simpler words like 'adad' (number) or 'vaz'iyat' (situation) might be more appropriate. Using 'Shākhes' while talking about your personal bank account to a friend might sound overly dramatic or clinical. Reserve it for when you are discussing broader trends, scientific data, or official metrics to maintain the correct register and tone.

Register Errors: Using highly formal words like 'Shākhes' in very casual slang-heavy conversations can make you sound like a news reporter rather than a friend. Use it when the context involves evaluation or data.

اشتباه: شاخص پول من کم است. (Too formal for 'I don't have much money')
درست: پول زیادی ندارم. (Natural: 'I don't have much money')

اشتباه: او یک شاخص خوب برای تیم است. (Meaning 'He is a good asset/indicator for the team' - 'Me'yār' or 'Nemūne' is better here.)

Persian is a language rich in synonyms, and شاخص has several close relatives depending on the context. Understanding these nuances will allow you to choose the most precise word for your intended meaning. The most common alternative is 'Namāgar' (نماگر), which literally means 'that which shows' or 'indicator.' While 'Shākhes' is more common in economics, 'Namāgar' is often preferred in technical or dashboard-style reporting to describe visual indicators.

Comparison: Shākhes vs. Me'yār: 'Shākhes' is the metric (e.g., a score of 80), while 'Me'yār' is the criterion or standard (e.g., the passing grade). You use 'Me'yār' to judge whether the 'Shākhes' is good or bad.

نماگرهای اقتصادی وضعیت بازار را نشان می‌دهند.
(Economic indicators show the market status.)

Another related word is 'Meghyās' (مقیاس), which means 'scale' or 'gauge.' This is used when talking about the physical size or the magnitude of something, like the 'Meghyās-e Richter' (Richter Scale) for earthquakes. While 'Shākhes' tells you the current state, 'Meghyās' tells you the system of measurement being used. For example, you might use a 'Meghyās' of 1 to 10 to determine a 'Shākhes' of satisfaction.

Comparison: Shākhes vs. Neshāne: 'Neshāne' is a general sign or symptom (e.g., a cough is a sign of illness). 'Shākhes' is a formalized measure (e.g., the number of white blood cells as an indicator of infection).

این عدد مقیاس مناسبی برای اندازه‌گیری نیست.
(This number is not a suitable scale for measurement.)

Finally, consider 'Moghāyese' (مقایسه) which means 'comparison.' While not a direct synonym, it is often used in the same context as 'Shākhes' because the whole point of an index is to facilitate comparison. By knowing these alternatives, you can avoid repeating 'Shākhes' too often in a single paragraph, which is a hallmark of sophisticated writing. For example, you could start by discussing the 'Shākhes-e tūram' and then refer to it as the 'namāgar-e eqtesādi' later in the text.

Summary of Alternatives: 1. نماگر (Indicator/Viewer), 2. معیار (Criterion), 3. مقیاس (Scale), 4. نشانه (Sign), 5. مؤشر (Formal Indicator).

ما باید معیارهای خود را برای انتخاب شاخص‌ها تغییر دهیم.
(We must change our criteria for choosing indicators.)

این مؤشر در گزارش‌های بین‌المللی بسیار معتبر است.
(This indicator is very prestigious in international reports.)

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

While 'Shakhs' means 'person,' 'Shākhes' turned into 'index.' It's like saying a person is a distinct 'mark' or 'indicator' of themselves. In modern Persian, it has become much more technical than its Arabic ancestor.

Guide de prononciation

UK /ʃɒː.xes/

US /ʃɑː.xes/

The stress is typically on the first syllable: SHĀ-khes.

Rime avec

ناقص (Nāghes) مخلص (Mokhles) تخلص (Takhallos) ترخیص (Tarkhis) تشخیص (Tashkhis) تخصیص (Takhsis) خالص (Khāles) حریص (Haris)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing it as 'Shakhs' (meaning person).
Using a short 'a' in the first syllable like in 'cat'.
Failing to pronounce the 'kh' sound correctly, making it sound like 'shā-kes'.
Putting the stress on the second syllable.
Omitting the final 's' sound.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 3/5

Common in headlines and charts, easy to recognize once learned.

Écriture 4/5

Requires correct Ezafe usage and formal context awareness.

Expression orale 3/5

Pronunciation of 'kh' and 's' is key, but the word is frequently used.

Écoute 3/5

Clearly articulated in news broadcasts.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

عدد (Number) نشان دادن (To show) قیمت (Price) بازار (Market) هوا (Air)

Apprends ensuite

تورم (Inflation) بهره‌وری (Productivity) توسعه (Development) نوسان (Fluctuation) ارزیابی (Evaluation)

Avancé

روش‌شناسی (Methodology) اپیستمولوژی (Epistemology) متغیر (Variable) همبستگی (Correlation) ضریب (Coefficient)

Grammaire à connaître

The Ezafe Construction

شاخصِ قیمت (Shākhes-e gheymat)

Pluralization with 'hā'

شاخص‌ها (Shākhes-hā)

Adjectival Placement

هنرمندِ شاخص (Honarmand-e shākhes)

Passive Voice with 'shodan'

شاخص محاسبه شد (The index was calculated)

Comparative Adjectives

شاخصِ دقیق‌تر (A more precise indicator)

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Exemples par niveau

این یک شاخص است.

This is an index.

Simple subject + predicate with the verb 'to be'.

شاخص هوا امروز خوب است.

The air index is good today.

Noun + Ezafe + Noun construction.

عدد شاخص را ببین.

Look at the index number.

Imperative verb 'bebin' with a direct object.

شاخص بورس چیست؟

What is the stock market index?

Question word 'chist' (what is it).

این شاخص سبز است.

This index is green.

Adjective 'sabz' describing the noun 'shākhes'.

شاخص تغییر کرد.

The index changed.

Simple past tense of the verb 'taghyir kardan'.

من شاخص را دوست ندارم.

I don't like the index.

Negative present tense of 'dūst dāshtan'.

شاخص قیمت بالا رفت.

The price index went up.

Compound verb 'bālā raftan' (to go up).

شاخص توده بدنی شما چند است؟

What is your BMI?

Usage of 'chand' (how much/what) for numerical values.

شاخص آلودگی هوا به عدد صد رسید.

The air pollution index reached the number one hundred.

Preposition 'be' (to) used with the verb 'residan' (to reach).

او یک هنرمند شاخص در ایران است.

He is a prominent artist in Iran.

Adjectival use of 'shākhes' meaning 'prominent'.

ما باید شاخص‌های جدیدی پیدا کنیم.

We must find new indicators.

Plural noun with an indefinite 'i' and adjective.

این شاخص نشان‌دهنده سلامت است.

This indicator is a sign of health.

Participle 'neshān-dahande' (indicating).

شاخص قیمت در این شهر ارزان نیست.

The price index in this city is not cheap.

Negative 'nist' with an adjective.

آیا شاخص بورس امروز پایین آمد؟

Did the stock index come down today?

Question form of the past tense 'pāyin āmadan'.

کتاب‌های شاخص را در این کتابخانه پیدا کنید.

Find the prominent books in this library.

Plural noun + adjective in an imperative sentence.

شاخص کل بورس تهران امروز منفی بود.

The Tehran Stock Exchange overall index was negative today.

Specific financial terminology 'Shākhes-e koll'.

تورم یکی از شاخص‌های مهم اقتصادی است.

Inflation is one of the important economic indicators.

Superlative-like structure 'one of the...'.

این شاخص بر اساس قیمت طلا محاسبه می‌شود.

This index is calculated based on the price of gold.

Passive voice 'mohāsebe mishavad'.

شاخص رضایت مشتریان برای شرکت ما حیاتی است.

The customer satisfaction index is vital for our company.

Abstract noun 'rezāyat' (satisfaction) as part of the Ezafe.

او به عنوان یک مدیر شاخص شناخته می‌شود.

He is known as a prominent manager.

Phrase 'be onvān-e' (as / in the capacity of).

ما باید شاخص‌های عملکرد را به دقت بررسی کنیم.

We must carefully examine the performance indicators.

Adverbial phrase 'be deghat' (carefully).

تغییر شاخص می‌تواند بر بازار تأثیر بگذارد.

Changing the index can affect the market.

Infinitive 'taghyir' used as a noun.

این شاخص در سال گذشته ثابت مانده است.

This index has remained stable over the past year.

Present perfect tense 'mānde ast'.

شاخص فلاکت ترکیبی از نرخ بیکاری و تورم است.

The misery index is a combination of the unemployment rate and inflation.

Complex definition using 'tarkibi az' (a combination of).

دولت باید شاخص‌های رفاه اجتماعی را ارتقا دهد.

The government must promote social welfare indicators.

Subjunctive mood 'erteghā dehad' after 'bāyad'.

این گزارش به تحلیل شاخص‌های توسعه پایدار می‌پردازد.

This report deals with the analysis of sustainable development indicators.

Verb 'pārdākhtan be' meaning 'to deal with' or 'to address'.

شاخص‌های کلیدی عملکرد (KPI) به ما در رسیدن به اهداف کمک می‌کنند.

Key Performance Indicators (KPI) help us in reaching our goals.

Use of acronyms and plural verb agreement.

او یکی از چهره‌های شاخص در دنیای تکنولوژی است.

He is one of the prominent figures in the world of technology.

Phrase 'chehre-ye shākhes' (prominent figure).

نوسانات شاخص بورس باعث نگرانی سرمایه‌گذاران شده است.

Fluctuations in the stock index have caused concern among investors.

Noun 'novasānāt' (fluctuations) as the subject.

این شاخص به خوبی تفاوت‌های طبقاتی را نشان نمی‌دهد.

This indicator does not show class differences well.

Adverb 'be khūbi' (well) modifying the verb.

ما باید یک شاخص مرجع برای مقایسه قیمت‌ها داشته باشیم.

We must have a reference index for comparing prices.

Compound noun 'shākhes-e marja' (reference index).

تدوین یک شاخص جامع برای سنجش فقر چندبعدی الزامی است.

Compiling a comprehensive index for measuring multidimensional poverty is mandatory.

Gerund 'tadvīn' (compiling/formulating) as the subject.

شاخص‌های کیفی اغلب دشوارتر از شاخص‌های کمی اندازه‌گیری می‌شوند.

Qualitative indicators are often more difficult to measure than quantitative indicators.

Contrast between 'keyfi' (qualitative) and 'kammi' (quantitative).

این مقاله به نقد مبانی نظری شاخص‌های حکمرانی خوب می‌پردازد.

This article critiques the theoretical foundations of good governance indicators.

High-level vocabulary like 'mabāni-ye nazari' (theoretical foundations).

بهره‌وری نیروی کار به عنوان شاخصی برای رقابت‌پذیری در نظر گرفته می‌شود.

Labor productivity is considered as an indicator for competitiveness.

Passive construction 'dar nazar gerefte mishavad'.

تغییرات در شاخص‌های دموکراسی نشان‌دهنده تحولات سیاسی عمیق است.

Changes in democracy indicators reflect deep political transformations.

Plural noun 'tahavvolāt' (transformations).

شاخص جینی ابزاری برای سنجش نابرابری توزیع درآمد در جامعه است.

The Gini index is a tool for measuring income distribution inequality in society.

Scientific definition structure.

او با ارائه یک مدل شاخص‌سازی نوین، جایزه علمی را از آن خود کرد.

By presenting a modern indexing model, he won the scientific prize.

Gerund 'shākhes-sāzi' (indexing/index-making).

عدم شفافیت در محاسبه شاخص‌ها می‌تواند منجر به بی‌اعتمادی عمومی شود.

Lack of transparency in calculating indicators can lead to public distrust.

Noun 'adam-e shaffāfiyat' (lack of transparency).

تقلیل مفاهیم پیچیده اجتماعی به شاخص‌های عددی، همواره با چالش‌های اپیستمولوژیک همراه است.

Reducing complex social concepts to numerical indicators is always accompanied by epistemological challenges.

Use of philosophical terms like 'epistemological'.

شاخص‌های زیست‌محیطی باید بازتاب‌دهنده واقعیت‌های اکولوژیک در مقیاس خرد و کلان باشند.

Environmental indicators must reflect ecological realities at micro and macro scales.

Compound adjectives 'khord va kalān' (micro and macro).

هژمونی شاخص‌های اقتصادی در سیاست‌گذاری، موجب نادیده گرفتن ابعاد فرهنگی توسعه شده است.

The hegemony of economic indicators in policymaking has led to the neglect of the cultural dimensions of development.

Formal word 'hezhomoni' (hegemony).

تغییر در پارادایم‌های حاکم، مستلزم بازنگری بنیادین در شاخص‌های ارزیابی موفقیت است.

A change in dominant paradigms requires a fundamental revision of success evaluation indicators.

Complex noun phrases and 'mustalzam-e' (requiring).

شاخص‌های ترکیبی باید از لحاظ روش‌شناختی دقیق و از لحاظ نظری مستدل باشند.

Composite indicators must be methodologically rigorous and theoretically sound.

Adverbial forms ending in '-an' like 'ravesh-shenākhtiyan'.

نقد رادیکال شاخص‌های مرسوم، راه را برای ابداع شیوه‌های نوین فهم رفاه هموار می‌کند.

Radical critique of conventional indicators paves the way for inventing new ways of understanding welfare.

Metaphorical use of 'hamvār kardan-e rāh' (paving the way).

اعتبار یک شاخص به قدرت تبیین‌گری آن در مواجهه با پدیده‌های نوظهور بستگی دارد.

The validity of an indicator depends on its explanatory power in the face of emerging phenomena.

Abstract noun 'tabyin-gari' (explanatory power).

در متون کلاسیک، این واژه گاه به معنای چیزی که قد برافراشته و نمایان است به کار می‌رفت.

In classical texts, this word was sometimes used to mean something that has risen and is visible.

Historical linguistic note within a sentence.

Collocations courantes

شاخص کل

شاخص تورم

شاخص آلودگی هوا

شاخص توده بدنی

شاخص توسعه انسانی

شاخص‌های کلیدی عملکرد

شاخص قیمت مصرف‌کننده

چهره شاخص

شاخص فلاکت

شاخص بورس

Phrases Courantes

بر اساس شاخص

— Based on the indicator or index. Used to justify a decision or analysis.

بر اساس شاخص‌های موجود، وضعیت رو به بهبود است.

تعیین شاخص

— To determine or define an index. Common in research and policy making.

تعیین شاخص‌های دقیق کار دشواری است.

رشد شاخص

— The growth or increase of an index, usually positive in a stock market context.

رشد شاخص بورس باعث خوشحالی مردم شد.

سقوط شاخص

— The fall or crash of an index, usually negative.

سقوط شاخص بورس سرمایه‌گذاران را نگران کرد.

شاخص مرجع

— A reference index or benchmark used for comparison.

ما از قیمت دلار به عنوان شاخص مرجع استفاده می‌کنیم.

به عنوان شاخص

— As an indicator. Used to assign a role to a variable.

قد به عنوان شاخصی برای رشد کودک در نظر گرفته می‌شود.

تحلیل شاخص

— Analyzing the index to understand underlying trends.

تحلیل شاخص‌ها نشان‌دهنده رکود اقتصادی است.

شاخص‌های جهانی

— Global indices, often used in international rankings.

ایران در شاخص‌های جهانی نوآوری پیشرفت کرده است.

تغییرات شاخص

— Changes in the index, whether up or down.

تغییرات شاخص باید به صورت روزانه ثبت شود.

شاخص رضایت

— Satisfaction index, used in business to measure customer or employee happiness.

شاخص رضایت کارکنان در این شرکت بسیار بالاست.

Souvent confondu avec

شاخص vs شخص (Shakhs)

Means 'person.' Easy to confuse because of the shared root, but 'Shākhes' has a long 'ā' and an extra syllable.

شاخص vs نشانه (Neshāne)

Means 'sign.' Use 'neshāne' for natural signs and 'shākhes' for measured indices.

شاخص vs معیار (Me'yār)

Means 'criterion.' 'Me'yār' is the rule, 'Shākhes' is the measurement.

Expressions idiomatiques

"شاخص بودن"

— To be prominent or stand out. While not a colorful idiom, it is a very common idiomatic way to describe excellence.

او در میان همسالان خود شاخص است.

Neutral

"شاخص قرار دادن"

— To set something as a benchmark or a standard for others to follow.

ما باید اخلاق را شاخص قرار دهیم.

Formal

"زیر شاخص رفتن"

— A technical slang in finance meaning a value has fallen below the index average.

بسیاری از سهم‌ها زیر شاخص رفتند.

Informal/Technical

"شاخص‌سازی کردن"

— To create an index out of something that wasn't previously measured, sometimes used critically to mean over-simplifying.

نباید برای هر چیز کوچکی شاخص‌سازی کرد.

Academic

"روی شاخص بودن"

— To be performing exactly according to the expected benchmark.

تولید ما فعلاً روی شاخص است.

Business

"شاخص شکستن"

— To break a record or reach a new high/low in an index.

امروز شاخص بورس رکورد جدیدی شکست.

Journalistic

"شاخص‌زنی"

— A colloquial term for checking the index or monitoring metrics constantly.

او مدام در حال شاخص‌زنی است.

Informal

"شاخصِ مسیر"

— A metaphorical way to say 'guide' or 'waypoint.'

این کتاب شاخص مسیر ما در زندگی است.

Literary

"از شاخص افتادن"

— To lose prominence or fall out of favor.

این سبک هنری دیگر از شاخص افتاده است.

Informal

"شاخص‌دار"

— Something that possesses a distinct or measurable quality.

این یک پروژه شاخص‌دار و مهم است.

Administrative

Facile à confondre

شاخص vs مقیاس (Meghyās)

Both relate to measurement.

Meghyās is the scale (like 1:100), Shākhes is the specific value or indicator.

مقیاس نقشه کوچک است اما شاخص قیمت بالاست.

شاخص vs نمودار (Nemūdār)

Indices are often shown on charts.

Nemūdār is the visual graph; Shākhes is the data point or the index itself.

نمودار نشان‌دهنده رشد شاخص است.

شاخص vs آمار (Āmār)

Both involve numbers.

Āmār is general statistics; Shākhes is a specific indicator derived from those statistics.

طبق آمار، شاخص بیکاری کم شده است.

شاخص vs علامت (Alāmat)

Both mean 'sign' in a broad sense.

Alāmat is a physical mark; Shākhes is a conceptual or numerical indicator.

علامت ایست کنار جاده است، اما شاخص ترافیک در برنامه موبایل.

شاخص vs مؤشر (Mo'asher)

Direct synonyms.

Mo'asher is more Arabic and formal; Shākhes is the standard Persian term.

در این کتاب از واژه مؤشر به جای شاخص استفاده شده است.

Structures de phrases

این [شاخص] است.

این شاخص است.

[شاخص] [صفت] است.

شاخص خوب است.

[شاخصِ اسم] بالا رفت.

شاخص قیمت بالا رفت.

دولت [شاخص] را بررسی می‌کند.

دولت شاخص را بررسی می‌کند.

تحلیلِ [شاخص‌ها] نشان می‌دهد که...

تحلیل شاخص‌ها نشان می‌دهد که اقتصاد در حال رشد است.

تقلیلِ پدیده‌ها به [شاخص] اشتباه است.

تقلیل پدیده‌ها به شاخص اشتباه است.

او یک [اسم] شاخص است.

او یک نویسنده شاخص است.

بر اساسِ [شاخص]، ما موفق شدیم.

بر اساس شاخص، ما موفق شدیم.

Famille de mots

Noms

تشخص (Tashakhkhos) - Distinction/Individuality

شخصیت (Shakhsiyat) - Personality

شخص (Shakhs) - Person

شاخص‌سازی (Shākhes-sāzi) - Indexing

Verbes

مشخص کردن (Moshakhkhas kardan) - To identify/specify

تشخیص دادن (Tashkhis dādan) - To diagnose/recognize

Adjectifs

شاخص (Shākhes) - Prominent

مشخص (Moshakhkhas) - Specific/Clear

شخصی (Shakhsi) - Personal

Apparenté

معیار (Me'yār)

مقیاس (Meghyās)

نمودار (Nemūdār)

آمار (Āmār)

ارزیابی (Arzyābi)

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Extremely high in media and professional settings.

Erreurs courantes

Using 'Shākhes' for a physical sign. → نشانه (Neshāne) or علامت (Alāmat)
You can't say 'The sign on the door is a shākhes.' Use 'shākhes' for data and metrics, not physical objects.
Forgetting the Ezafe in 'Shākhes-e Bourse'. → شاخصِ بورس
In Persian, the link between the index and its subject requires the 'e' sound. Without it, the sentence is ungrammatical.
Confusing 'Shākhes' with 'Shakhs'. → شاخص vs شخص
'Shakhs' means person. 'Shākhes' means index. Mixing them up can lead to very confusing sentences like 'I saw an index in the park.'
Using 'Shākhes' as a verb. → شاخص‌سازی کردن
'Shākhes' is a noun or adjective. To say 'to index,' you must use a compound verb like 'shākhes-sāzi kardan.'
Using 'Shākhes' in very casual slang. → عدد (Adad) or وضعیت (Vaz'iyat)
'Shākhes' is formal. Using it to talk about your personal mood or small things sounds overly clinical and strange.

Astuces

Master the Ezafe

Always remember to add the 'e' sound (Ezafe) after 'Shākhes' when you are specifying what it's an index of. For example: Shākhes-e tūram.

Adjective vs Noun

Remember that 'Shākhes' at the start of a phrase is usually a noun (Index), but at the end of a phrase, it's an adjective (Prominent).

News Watching

Watch the 'Akhbār-e Eqtesādi' (Economic News) on an Iranian channel to hear 'Shākhes' used dozens of times in context.

The 'Kh' Sound

Don't skip the 'kh' sound! It's not 'Shākes.' It's 'Shā-khes,' with the sound from the back of the throat.

Use in Reports

If you are writing a business email in Persian, use 'Shākhes-hā-ye amalkard' to refer to performance metrics. It sounds very professional.

Pollution Awareness

In Tehran, knowing the 'Shākhes-e havā' is a survival skill. It's a great topic for small talk with locals.

Synonym Variety

Try using 'Namāgar' in your writing if you have already used 'Shākhes' too many times to sound more sophisticated.

Medical Use

When you see your blood test results in Persian, look for the word 'Shākhes' to find your health indicators.

The Pointer

Think of 'Shākhes' as a 'Shā' (King) who 'khes' (points) to the most important number.

Arabic Roots

Knowing that it shares a root with 'Shakhs' (person) helps you remember it's about something distinct and identifiable.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of a SHARK (Sha) with a CHEST (khes) that has a big number on it showing how many fish it ate. That number is the shark's index (Shākhes).

Association visuelle

Imagine a giant red arrow on a stock market screen. The arrow is the 'Shākhes' pointing out the direction of the economy.

Word Web

Bourse Economy Pollution Health BMI Prominent Metric Data

Défi

Try to find three different 'Shākhes' mentioned in today's Persian news and write them down with their values.

Origine du mot

Derived from the Arabic root 'ش خ ص' (Sh-Kh-S). In Arabic, the verb 'shakhasa' can mean to rise, to become prominent, or to stare. It is the same root that gives us 'Shakhs' (person), implying a distinct entity that stands out.

Sens originel : Something that stands out or is prominent.

Semitic root, adapted into Indo-European (Persian) morphology.

Contexte culturel

Be careful when discussing the 'misery index' (Shākhes-e falākat) as it can be a politically sensitive topic in Iran.

English speakers might use 'indicator' or 'index' interchangeably, but in Persian, 'Shākhes' is almost always the preferred term for official data.

Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) daily reports. Air Quality Index (AQI) apps used in Tehran. Human Development Index (HDI) reports by the UNDP.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Stock Market

شاخص کل
واحد شاخص
ریزش شاخص
صعود شاخص

Public Health

شاخص سلامت
شاخص توده بدنی
شاخص‌های بهداشتی
شاخص امید به زندگی

Environment

شاخص کیفیت هوا
شاخص آلایندگی
شاخص وضعیت قرمز
شاخص ذرات معلق

Business

شاخص عملکرد
شاخص رضایت مشتری
شاخص بهره‌وری
شاخص سودآوری

Sociology

شاخص فقر
شاخص رفاه
شاخص جینی
شاخص توسعه

Amorces de conversation

"شاخص بورس امروز چطور بود؟ (How was the stock index today?)"

"شاخص آلودگی هوا در منطقه شما چنده؟ (What is the air pollution index in your area?)"

"به نظر شما مهم‌ترین شاخص برای خوشبختی چیه؟ (In your opinion, what is the most important indicator of happiness?)"

"آیا شاخص توده بدنی معیار خوبی برای سلامتیه؟ (Is BMI a good indicator for health?)"

"چه شاخص‌هایی برای انتخاب یک شغل خوب دارید؟ (What indicators do you have for choosing a good job?)"

Sujets d'écriture

درباره یک شاخص اقتصادی که بر زندگی شما تأثیر گذاشته است بنویسید. (Write about an economic indicator that has affected your life.)

اگر می‌توانستید یک شاخص جدید برای سنجش کیفیت زندگی اختراع کنید، آن چه بود؟ (If you could invent a new indicator for measuring quality of life, what would it be?)

تفاوت بین نشانه‌های موفقیت و شاخص‌های موفقیت را توضیح دهید. (Explain the difference between signs of success and indicators of success.)

نقش شاخص‌های آلودگی هوا در تغییر سبک زندگی مردم شهرهای بزرگ را تحلیل کنید. (Analyze the role of air pollution indicators in changing the lifestyle of people in big cities.)

یک شخصیت شاخص در زندگی خود را توصیف کنید و بگویید چرا او را شاخص می‌دانید. (Describe a prominent figure in your life and say why you consider them prominent.)

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

Not always, but in most technical contexts like economics or health, it refers to a numerical value. However, it can also be a qualitative indicator or used as an adjective meaning 'prominent.' For example, a 'prominent artist' is a 'honarmand-e shākhes,' which has nothing to do with numbers.

The most common way is 'Shākhes-e Bourse' (شاخص بورس). If you want to refer to the main overall index, use 'Shākhes-e koll' (شاخص کل). This is heard daily on Iranian news.

Yes, 'Shākhes' is considered a formal or semi-formal word. While everyone understands it because of the news, you wouldn't typically use it in very casual talk with friends unless you're discussing something serious like the economy or pollution.

The standard Persian plural is 'Shākhes-hā' (شاخص‌ها). Although it comes from Arabic, the Arabic broken plural 'Shawākhes' is almost never used in modern Persian.

No, for a physical sign like a road sign, you should use 'tablo' (تابلو) or 'alāmat' (علامت). 'Shākhes' is for conceptual indicators or benchmarks.

It is the direct translation of 'Body Mass Index' (BMI). It is the standard term used by doctors and in fitness apps in Iran.

Think of 'Me'yār' as the standard or the rule (e.g., you must be 180cm to join). 'Shākhes' is the indicator used to see if you meet that standard (e.g., your height measurement). 'Me'yār' is about judgment, 'Shākhes' is about measurement.

Yes, it is the standard word for 'indicator' or 'index' in scientific papers, especially in biology, sociology, and environmental science.

Due to economic fluctuations and environmental issues like air pollution in major cities, indicators like the stock market index and air quality index are vital for daily life, making the word very frequent in media.

Yes, but only as an adjective meaning 'prominent' or 'distinguished.' For example, 'ū yek dāneshmand-e shākhes ast' means 'He is a prominent scientist.'

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