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B2 noun 9 min de lecture

تبیین

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces تبیین en 30 secondes

Explication تبیین in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'تبیین' (tabyin) is far too advanced. You should focus on 'توضیح' (tozih) for 'explanation.' However, you can think of 'tabyin' as a very fancy way to say 'make clear.' If a teacher 'makes clear' a new word, that is the beginning of 'tabyin.' You won't need to use this word yet, but you might see it in the title of a very formal book or on a news poster.

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For A2 learners, 'تبیین' is still a 'passive' word—one you might recognize but don't need to speak. It means 'explaining something very well.' Imagine you are explaining a rule in a game. If you do it very formally and clearly, that is 'tabyin.' At this level, just remember that words ending in '-in' like this are often formal nouns from Arabic.

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At B1, you are starting to read news and more complex texts. You will see 'تبیین' used in headlines. For example, 'The President's explanation (tabyin) of the new law.' You should understand that this is more formal than 'tozih.' You might start using it in your writing when you want to sound more serious about a topic, like 'I will explain (tabyin kardan) my reasons for studying Persian.'

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At the B2 level, you should be able to use 'تبیین' and 'تبیین کردن' in formal essays and presentations. You understand that this word implies a logical or structural clarification. You can distinguish between 'tozih' (simple explanation) and 'tabyin' (academic elucidation). You should also be familiar with common collocations like 'tabyin-e masa'el' (clarification of issues).

For C1 learners, 'تبیین' is a core part of your academic and professional vocabulary. You should use it to describe theoretical frameworks, scientific justifications, and logical arguments. You can use varied constructions like 'be tabyin-e ... pardakhtan' (to engage in the elucidation of...) and understand the subtle differences between 'tabyin,' 'tashrih,' and 'tafsir.' Your usage should be precise and context-appropriate.

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At C2, you have a complete mastery of 'تبیین.' You understand its philosophical roots and its role in Iranian intellectual history. You can use it in highly abstract discussions about epistemology or linguistics. You are also aware of contemporary political slogans involving the word and can analyze the rhetorical weight it carries in public discourse. You never confuse it with 'ta'yin' or 'tabayyon.'

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

تبیین en 30 secondes

A formal word for 'explanation' or 'elucidation'.
Used primarily in academic, scientific, and journalistic contexts.
Implies a logical, systematic, or structural clarification of a subject.
Commonly used with the light verb 'kardan' (to explain).

The Persian word تبیین (tabyin) is a sophisticated noun derived from the Arabic root 'b-y-n', which fundamentally relates to clarity, separation, and making things distinct. In contemporary Persian, it is used to denote the act of 'explanation,' 'elucidation,' or 'clarification.' However, unlike the more common word توضیح (tozih), which can be used for any simple explanation (like explaining why you were late for dinner), تبیین carries a heavier, more academic, or formal weight. It suggests a systematic, logical, or scientific approach to making a complex subject understandable. When a professor clarifies a philosophical theory, or a scientist explains the mechanisms of a chemical reaction, they are engaged in تبیین. It is about revealing the underlying structure or logic of a matter so that it becomes crystal clear to the observer.

Register: Formal, Academic, Legal, and Journalistic. It is rarely heard in casual street slang but is ubiquitous in news broadcasts and university lectures.
Core Nuance: Logic and Structure. It implies that the thing being explained was previously obscure, tangled, or misunderstood, and now it is being laid out clearly.

استاد به تبیین علل سقوط امپراتوری پرداخت.
The professor proceeded to explain the causes of the empire's fall.

In political discourse in Iran, you will often hear the phrase جهاد تبیین (Jahad-e Tabyin), which refers to a 'struggle for clarification' or an effort to explain truths and counter narratives. This highlights the word's role in ideological and intellectual defense. When you use تبیین, you aren't just giving a quick answer; you are providing a framework for understanding. It is the difference between saying 'The car stopped because it ran out of gas' (tozih) and 'The following technical analysis provides an explanation for the engine failure' (tabyin). It is often paired with the light verb کردن (kardan) to form تبیین کردن (to explain/elucidate).

این مقاله به تبیین مبانی نظری تحقیق می‌پردازد.
This article deals with the elucidation of the research's theoretical foundations.

Culturally, the ability to perform a good تبیین is highly valued in Iranian intellectual circles. It demonstrates a deep grasp of the subject matter and the rhetorical skill to make that knowledge accessible to others. Whether in a religious sermon (Mow'ezeh) or a scientific symposium, the goal is to reach a state of bayan (clarity of speech) through the process of tabyin. It is essentially the bridge between complexity and comprehension.

Using تبیین correctly requires understanding its grammatical behavior as a formal noun. It most frequently appears in the construction تبیینِ [something], where the 'ezafe' (the short 'e' sound) connects it to the object being explained. For example, تبیینِ مسئله (explanation of the problem). When used as a verb, it is almost always تبیین کردن. In passive contexts, تبیین شدن (to be explained/clarified) is used. Because of its formal nature, you will often see it used with auxiliary verbs that enhance its weight, such as پرداختن به (to deal with/to engage in).

Pattern 1: [Subject] + [Object] + را + تبیین کرد.
(Formal/Standard: The subject explained the object.)
Pattern 2: [Subject] + به + تبیینِ + [Object] + پرداخت.
(Academic: The subject engaged in the elucidation of the object.)

نویسنده در فصل اول، اهداف خود را تبیین کرده است.
The author has clarified his goals in the first chapter.

In scientific writing, تبیین is often used to describe how a variable or a theory explains a phenomenon. For instance, 'This model provides a better explanation of the data' would be translated using تبیینِ بهتری ارائه می‌دهد. It is important to note that while تبیین is a noun, in English we often translate it as a verb ('explaining') to maintain natural flow. In Persian, keeping it as a noun phrase is very common in formal titles and headings.

لازم است ابعاد مختلف این طرح برای افکار عمومی تبیین شود.
It is necessary for the various dimensions of this plan to be clarified for public opinion.

Furthermore, تبیین can be modified by adjectives to specify the type of explanation. تبیینِ عقلانی (rational explanation), تبیینِ علمی (scientific explanation), and تبیینِ دینی (religious explanation) are common pairings. This demonstrates the word's versatility in categorizing knowledge. If you are writing an essay in Persian, using تبیین instead of tozih will immediately elevate your writing to a B2 or C1 level, signaling to the reader that you are dealing with concepts rather than just facts.

You are most likely to encounter تبیین in intellectual and professional environments. If you tune into an Iranian news channel like IRINN or BBC Persian, specifically during a political analysis or a documentary segment, the host might say, 'We have invited an expert to تبیین the current economic situation.' In this context, it isn't just a summary; it's a deep-dive analysis. It is also a staple of the Iranian educational system. From high school textbooks in social studies to doctoral dissertations, students are frequently asked to 'تبیین کنید' (explain/clarify) the relationship between two variables.

Political Context: Used by leaders and officials to justify or clarify policies to the public. 'Tabyin-e Barname-ha' (Explaining the programs).
Scientific Context: Used in journals to describe how a hypothesis accounts for observed phenomena. 'Tabyin-e Elmi' (Scientific elucidation).

رهبر انقلاب بر ضرورت تبیین دستاوردهای نظام تاکید کردند.
The Leader of the Revolution emphasized the necessity of clarifying the achievements of the system.

Another place you'll hear it is in legal proceedings. A lawyer might ask for a تبیین of a specific clause in a contract. Here, the word means 'authoritative interpretation' or 'clarification of intent.' Because the word sounds serious and authoritative, using it in a business meeting can help you sound more professional and precise. Instead of saying 'Let me explain why we need more money,' saying 'Let me تبیین the budgetary requirements' shifts the tone from a request to a presentation of logical necessity.

در این نشست، کارشناسان به تبیین چالش‌های زیست‌محیطی پرداختند.
In this meeting, experts engaged in elucidating environmental challenges.

Finally, in the world of Persian literature and philosophy, تبیین is used to discuss the 'unveiling' of truths. It is linked to the idea that truth is often hidden behind layers of complexity, and the role of the philosopher or the 'Arif' (mystic) is to provide a تبیین that removes those layers. This gives the word a slightly lofty, almost spiritual undertone in certain contexts, suggesting that to explain something is to honor the truth within it.

The most frequent mistake learners make with تبیین is 'over-using' it in casual settings. While it is a great word to know, using it while talking to a friend about why you didn't call them back sounds incredibly stiff and unnatural—almost robotic. In such cases, توضیح (tozih) is the correct choice. Another common error is confusing تبیین with تعیین (ta'yin). Although they sound similar, تعیین means 'to determine' or 'to appoint.' Confusing these two can lead to significant misunderstandings, especially in professional contexts.

Mistake 1: Using 'تبیین' for simple excuses.
Wrong: تبیین می‌کنم چرا دیر آمدم. (I elucidate why I came late.)
Mistake 2: Confusing with 'تعیین' (Ta'yin).
Wrong: باید تبیین کنیم چه کسی رئیس است. (We must elucidate who is the boss - usually you mean 'determine'.)

Another nuance to watch out for is the difference between تبیین and تفسیر (tafsir). While both involve explaining, تفسیر specifically means 'interpretation,' often of a text (like the Quran or a poem). تبیین is more about clarifying facts or logical structures. If you say you are going to تبیین a poem, a Persian speaker might expect a structural analysis of its meter and rhyme, whereas تفسیر would imply you are explaining its deeper meaning and symbolism.

او سعی کرد موضوع را تبیین کند، اما بیشتر باعث سردرگمی شد.
He tried to elucidate the matter, but it caused more confusion. (A common context for failed tabyin).

Lastly, learners sometimes forget to use the correct light verb. While تبیین کردن is the standard, you cannot use تبیین دادن (giving explanation). In Persian, you 'do' (kardan) a tabyin, or you 'engage' (pardakhtan) in it. You 'provide' (era'eh dadan) a tabyin, but you don't 'give' it like a gift. Paying attention to these collocations will make your Persian sound much more authentic and sophisticated.

Persian is rich with words for 'explaining,' and choosing the right one depends entirely on the context and the depth of clarity you wish to convey. تبیین sits at the top of the formality scale. Below it, we find several alternatives that every learner should know to avoid repetitive writing.

توضیح (Tozih): The everyday word for 'explanation.' Use this for instructions, excuses, or simple facts. توضیح دادن is the most common verb in this family.
تشریح (Tashrih): Literally means 'dissection.' Use this when you are breaking something down into its component parts to explain how it works. Very common in medical and technical contexts.
روشنگری (Rowshangari): Enlightenment or shedding light. This has a more metaphorical and social feel. It’s about clearing up a misunderstanding or exposing a truth that was hidden.

به جای یک توضیح ساده، او به تبیین علمی پدیده پرداخت.
Instead of a simple explanation (tozih), he engaged in a scientific elucidation (tabyin) of the phenomenon.

For those looking for even more specific terms, ایضاح (izah) is a very formal Arabic-root synonym for clarification, often used in legal texts. بیان (bayan) refers more to the 'utterance' or 'expression' of an idea. If تبیین is the process of making it clear, bayan is the result of that clarity coming out of your mouth.

In summary, while you could use توضیح in almost any situation, using تبیین marks you as a sophisticated speaker who understands the value of logical structure and formal register. It is a word that commands respect and indicates that a high level of intellectual work has been done to make a subject accessible.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The root B-Y-N is also the source of the word 'Bayan' (speech/clarity) and 'Bain' (between). The connection is that to understand something, you must see the 'between'—the distinctions that separate one thing from another.

Guide de prononciation

UK /tæbˈjiːn/

US /tæbˈjin/

The stress is on the second syllable: tab-YEEN.

Rime avec

تزئین (Tazin - decoration) تعیین (Ta'yin - determination) توهین (Tohin - insult) تدوین (Tadvin - compilation) تضمین (Tazmin - guarantee) تمکین (Tamkin - submission) تلقین (Talqin - induction) تحسین (Tahsin - admiration)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing it as 'tab-een' without the slight 'y' glide.
Confusing the vowel in the first syllable with an 'o' (tob-yin).
Mixing it up with 'ta'yin' (determination).
Shortening the final 'een' sound.
Incorrectly stressing the first syllable.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 4/5

Common in newspapers and books, but requires knowledge of formal vocabulary.

Écriture 5/5

Requires understanding of ezafe chains and formal light verb constructions.

Expression orale 5/5

Hard to use naturally without sounding overly stiff in casual conversation.

Écoute 4/5

Can be confused with 'ta'yin' if the listener is not careful.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

توضیح روشن بیان درس فهم

Apprends ensuite

تشریح تفسیر استدلال تحلیل اثبات

Avancé

هرمنوتیک معرفت‌شناسی هستی‌شناسی دیالکتیک تقلیل‌گرایی

Grammaire à connaître

Ezafe Construction with Arabic Nouns

تبیینِ (e) مسئله

Compound Verbs with 'Kardan'

او موضوع را تبیین کرد.

Passive Voice with 'Shodan'

ابعاد طرح تبیین شد.

Subjunctive after 'Bayad'

باید تبیین کنیم.

Formal Light Verb 'Pardakhtan'

به تبیینِ علل پرداخت.

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Exemples par niveau

این یک توضیح خوب است.

This is a good explanation (using the simpler word tozih).

A1 students should use 'tozih' instead of 'tabyin'.

او درس را روشن کرد.

He made the lesson clear (the concept of tabyin).

Using the verb 'rowshan kardan' (to make clear) is an A1 way to express 'tabyin'.

لطفاً برای من توضیح بده.

Please explain to me.

The imperative form of 'tozih dadan'.

تبیین یعنی توضیح دادن.

Tabyin means explaining.

A simple definition sentence.

کتاب تبیین خوبی دارد.

The book has a good explanation.

Using 'tabyin' as a simple noun.

من تبیین شما را فهمیدم.

I understood your explanation.

Past tense verb 'fahmidam' with 'tabyin'.

استاد تبیین می‌کند.

The professor is explaining.

Present continuous sense of the word.

این تبیین ساده نیست.

This explanation is not simple.

Negative sentence with 'tabyin'.

او تبیین کرد که چرا به جلسه نیامد.

He explained why he didn't come to the meeting.

Using 'tabyin kardan' in a simple past context.

تبیین این موضوع زمان می‌برد.

Explaining this subject takes time.

The noun 'tabyin' as the subject of the sentence.

ما به تبیین دقیق‌تری نیاز داریم.

We need a more precise explanation.

Using the comparative adjective 'daghigh-tar' (more precise).

آیا می‌توانید این کلمه را تبیین کنید؟

Can you explain this word?

Question form using 'tavanestan' (can).

تبیین او برای همه جالب بود.

His explanation was interesting for everyone.

Possessive 'ezafe' with 'tabyin'.

او با تبیین خود ما را قانع کرد.

He convinced us with his explanation.

Using the preposition 'ba' (with).

این تبیین در کتاب آمده است.

This explanation is written in the book.

Passive sense: 'has come in the book'.

تبیین‌های او همیشه منطقی هستند.

His explanations are always logical.

Plural form 'tabyin-ha'.

دولت باید برنامه‌های خود را برای مردم تبیین کند.

The government must clarify its plans for the people.

Modal verb 'bayad' (must) with 'tabyin kardan'.

تبیین درست واقعیت‌ها وظیفه رسانه‌هاست.

Correctly explaining the facts is the duty of the media.

Compound subject using 'tabyin-e dorost-e vagheyat-ha'.

او در مقاله خود به تبیین علل فقر پرداخت.

In his article, he dealt with explaining the causes of poverty.

Formal construction 'be [noun] pardakhtan'.

این نظریه تبیین جدیدی از جهان ارائه می‌دهد.

This theory provides a new explanation of the world.

Verb 'era'eh dadan' (to provide/present).

بدون تبیین کافی، نمی‌توان تصمیم گرفت.

Without sufficient explanation, one cannot make a decision.

Using 'bedun-e' (without) with the noun 'tabyin'.

تبیین ابعاد مختلف پروژه ضروری است.

Explaining the different dimensions of the project is necessary.

Adjective 'zaruri' (necessary) at the end of the sentence.

او سعی کرد تبیین کند که چرا این اتفاق افتاد.

He tried to explain why this happened.

Verb 'sa'y kardan' (to try) followed by the subjunctive.

تبیین شما با واقعیت مطابقت ندارد.

Your explanation does not match the reality.

Verb 'motabeghat dashtan' (to match/correspond).

تبیینِ عقلانیِ باورهای مذهبی یکی از اهداف این کتاب است.

The rational elucidation of religious beliefs is one of the goals of this book.

Double ezafe chain: tabyin-e aghlani-ye bavar-ha.

نویسنده تلاش می‌کند تا مبانی فکری خود را تبیین نماید.

The author strives to clarify his intellectual foundations.

Using 'namayan' as a formal alternative to 'kardan'.

این مدل به تبیینِ رفتار مصرف‌کننده در بازار کمک می‌کند.

This model helps in explaining consumer behavior in the market.

Verb 'komak kardan' (to help) with the preposition 'be'.

تبیینِ ماهیتِ زمان از پیچیده‌ترین مسائل فلسفی است.

Explaining the nature of time is among the most complex philosophical issues.

Superlative adjective 'pichede-tarin' (most complex).

لازم است که سیاست‌های جدید برای کارمندان تبیین شود.

It is necessary that the new policies be clarified for the employees.

Passive voice: 'tabyin shavad'.

او در سخنرانی خود به تبیین ضرورت تغییرات ساختاری پرداخت.

In his speech, he engaged in elucidating the necessity of structural changes.

Formal phrasing using 'pardakhtan'.

تبیینِ علمیِ این پدیده هنوز به طور کامل انجام نشده است.

The scientific explanation of this phenomenon has not yet been fully completed.

Present perfect negative passive construction.

هدف از این همایش، تبیینِ نقشِ جوانان در توسعه کشور است.

The goal of this conference is to clarify the role of youth in the country's development.

Subjective 'hadaf az...' (The goal of...).

تبیینِ ساختارگرایانه از تاریخ، نگاهی متفاوت به رویدادها ارائه می‌دهد.

A structuralist explanation of history provides a different perspective on events.

Using the technical adjective 'sakhtargara-yaneh' (structuralist).

وی در رساله خود به تبیینِ هرمنوتیکیِ متون کلاسیک مبادرت ورزید.

In his dissertation, he undertook the hermeneutic elucidation of classical texts.

High-level verb 'mobaderat varzidan' (to undertake/embark on).

تبیینِ علّی (Causal) پدیده‌های اجتماعی مستلزم بررسی متغیرهای متعددی است.

The causal explanation of social phenomena requires the examination of numerous variables.

Formal word 'mostalzem' (requiring/necessitating).

این پژوهش در صدد تبیینِ رابطه میان تورم و بیکاری است.

This research seeks to elucidate the relationship between inflation and unemployment.

Phrase 'dar sadad-e' (seeking to/intending to).

تبیینِ معرفت‌شناختی از حقیقت، محور اصلی مباحث اوست.

The epistemological elucidation of truth is the main axis of his discussions.

Complex philosophical term 'ma'refat-shenakhti'.

او با تبیینی جامع، ابهامات موجود در پرونده را برطرف کرد.

With a comprehensive explanation, he resolved the existing ambiguities in the case.

Adjective 'jame' (comprehensive) and verb 'bartaraf kardan' (to resolve).

تبیینِ کارکردیِ نهادهای سیاسی، موضوع فصل دوم است.

The functional explanation of political institutions is the subject of the second chapter.

Technical term 'karkardi' (functional).

نظریه‌پردازان به تبیینِ پیامدهای جهانی‌شدن پرداخته‌اند.

Theorists have engaged in elucidating the consequences of globalization.

Plural noun 'nazariyeh-pardazan' (theorists).

تبیینِ هستی‌شناختیِ ملاصدرا از حرکت جوهری، انقلابی در فلسفه اسلامی بود.

Mulla Sadra's ontological explanation of trans-substantial motion was a revolution in Islamic philosophy.

Highly technical philosophical vocabulary.

این جستار به تبیینِ دیالکتیکیِ تضادهای درونیِ مدرنیته می‌پردازد.

This essay deals with the dialectical elucidation of the internal contradictions of modernity.

Using 'jostar' (essay) and 'dialektiki' (dialectical).

تبیینِ پدیدارشناسانه از تجربه زیسته، افق‌های جدیدی را می‌گشاید.

A phenomenological explanation of lived experience opens new horizons.

Technical term 'padidar-shenasaneh' (phenomenological).

واکاوی و تبیینِ لایه‌های زیرینِ گفتمان‌های قدرت، ضرورتِ نقدِ ادبیِ معاصر است.

Analyzing and elucidating the underlying layers of power discourses is a necessity of contemporary literary criticism.

Using 'vakavi' (probing/analysis) alongside 'tabyin'.

تبیینِ غایت‌شناختی (Teleological) از طبیعت در علم مدرن جایگاهی ندارد.

A teleological explanation of nature has no place in modern science.

Technical term 'ghayat-shenakhti' (teleological).

او در پی تبیینِ سازوکارهای روانیِ حاکم بر توده‌ها بود.

He was seeking to elucidate the psychological mechanisms governing the masses.

Phrase 'dar pey-ye' (in pursuit of/seeking).

تبیینِ تقلیل‌گرایانه از ذهن، همواره مورد انتقاد فلاسفه بوده است.

A reductionist explanation of the mind has always been criticized by philosophers.

Technical term 'taghlil-garayaneh' (reductionist).

تبیینِ مشروعیتِ سیاسی بر اساس قرارداد اجتماعی، مبنای دموکراسی‌های مدرن است.

The elucidation of political legitimacy based on the social contract is the basis of modern democracies.

Complex political theory vocabulary.

Collocations courantes

تبیین کردن

تبیینِ علمی

به تبیینِ ... پرداختن

تبیینِ منطقی

تبیینِ درست

تبیینِ ابعاد

ارائه تبیین

تبیینِ دینی

تبیینِ نظری

تبیینِ دقیق

Phrases Courantes

جهاد تبیین

— A contemporary political/religious term in Iran meaning 'the struggle for clarification' or counter-narrative.

رهبر انقلاب بر اهمیت جهاد تبیین تاکید کردند.

تبیینِ مواضع

— Clarifying positions or stances, usually in politics or diplomacy.

سخنگوی وزارت خارجه به تبیین مواضع ایران پرداخت.

تبیینِ علل

— Explaining the causes of something.

تبیین علل شکست پروژه ضروری است.

تبیینِ واقعیت‌ها

— Clarifying the realities of a situation.

رسانه‌ها باید در تبیین واقعیت‌ها کوشا باشند.

تبیینِ مبانی

— Explaining the foundations or principles.

تبیین مبانی دموکراسی در این کلاس صورت می‌گیرد.

تبیینِ راهبردها

— Clarifying strategies.

مدیرعامل به تبیین راهبردهای جدید شرکت پرداخت.

تبیینِ مفاهیم

— Explaining concepts.

تبیین مفاهیم پیچیده برای کودکان سخت است.

تبیینِ نقش

— Clarifying the role of someone or something.

تبیین نقش زنان در جامعه.

تبیینِ ضرورت

— Explaining why something is necessary.

تبیین ضرورتِ صرفه‌جویی در مصرف آب.

تبیینِ جزئیات

— Clarifying the details.

او به تبیین جزئیات قرارداد پرداخت.

Souvent confondu avec

تبیین vs تعیین (Ta'yin)

Means 'determination' or 'appointment'. Sounds similar but starts with 'T-A' instead of 'T-A-B'.

تبیین vs تبین (Tabayyon)

Means 'becoming clear' (intransitive). Tabyin is 'making clear' (transitive).

تبیین vs توهین (Tohin)

Means 'insult'. Rhymes with tabyin but has a completely different meaning.

Expressions idiomatiques

"نیاز به تبیین ندارد"

— Something that is obvious and doesn't need explaining.

اهمیت سلامتی نیاز به تبیین ندارد.

Formal

"در مقامِ تبیین"

— In the position of explaining; when one is trying to clarify.

او در مقام تبیینِ اشتباهات خود برآمد.

Formal

"قاصر از تبیین"

— Unable to explain or clarify something.

زبان از تبیینِ این زیبایی قاصر است.

Literary/Formal

"تبیینِ واضحات"

— Explaining the obvious (sometimes used sarcastically).

حرف‌های او فقط تبیین واضحات بود.

Neutral

"گره از تبیین گشودن"

— To resolve a difficulty in explanation.

او با سخنانش گره از تبیین این مسئله گشود.

Literary

"تبیینِ سرنوشت‌ساز"

— A crucial or fate-deciding explanation.

تبیین سرنوشت‌ساز او همه چیز را تغییر داد.

Formal

"فصلِ تبیین"

— The stage or section of explanation.

اکنون نوبت به فصل تبیینِ حقایق رسیده است.

Formal

"بی تبیین رها کردن"

— To leave something unexplained.

نباید این سوال را بی تبیین رها کرد.

Formal

"تبیینِ جامع و مانع"

— A comprehensive and exclusive explanation (a logical term).

او تبیینی جامع و مانع از نظریه خود ارائه داد.

Academic

"نقطه تبیین"

— The point of clarification.

این موضوع، نقطه تبیینِ کل داستان است.

Formal

Facile à confondre

تبیین vs توضیح

Both mean explanation.

Tozih is general; Tabyin is formal and logical/structural.

توضیحِ غیبت (excuse for absence) vs تبیینِ فیزیکی (physical elucidation).

تبیین vs تفسیر

Both involve explaining meaning.

Tafsir is 'interpretation' of texts; Tabyin is 'clarification' of facts/logic.

تفسیرِ قرآن vs تبیینِ عللِ تورم.

تبیین vs تشریح

Both involve detailed explanation.

Tashrih is 'dissection' or breaking down components; Tabyin is 'elucidation' of the whole logic.

تشریحِ جسد vs تبیینِ نظریه.

تبیین vs بیان

Related roots.

Bayan is the 'expression' or 'clarity of speech'; Tabyin is the 'act of clarifying'.

بیانِ زیبا vs تبیینِ منطقی.

تبیین vs ایضاح

Synonyms.

Izah is even more formal and often used in legal contexts.

ایضاحِ قوانین.

Structures de phrases

[Subject] باید [Object] را تبیین کند.

نویسنده باید هدفش را تبیین کند.

[Subject] به تبیینِ [Object] پرداخت.

او به تبیینِ ابعادِ مختلفِ بحران پرداخت.

تبیینِ [Adjective] از [Object] ضروری است.

تبیینِ دقیق از شرایطِ موجود ضروری است.

در صددِ تبیینِ [Concept] برآمدن

او در صددِ تبیینِ مفاهیمِ انتزاعی برآمد.

ارائه تبیین برای [Something]

او برای این رفتار تبیینی ارائه نداد.

[Something] قابل تبیین نیست.

این موضوع با عقل قابل تبیین نیست.

تبیینِ [Noun] در کتاب آمده است.

تبیینِ این قانون در کتاب آمده است.

تبیینِ درستِ [Noun]

تبیینِ درستِ واقعیت‌ها کار سختی است.

Famille de mots

Noms

تبیین (Tabyin - Elucidation)

بیان (Bayan - Statement/Clarity)

تبین (Tabayyon - Becoming clear)

مبین (Mobin - Clear/Manifest)

Verbes

تبیین کردن (Tabyin kardan - To elucidate)

تبیین شدن (Tabyin shodan - To be elucidated)

بیان کردن (Bayan kardan - To state)

Adjectifs

تبیینی (Tabyini - Explanatory)

مبین (Mobin - Clarifying/Clear)

بیانی (Bayani - Rhetorical)

Apparenté

وضوح (Vozuh - Clarity)

روشنی (Rowshani - Brightness/Clarity)

آشکار (Ashkar - Obvious)

توضیح (Tozih - Explanation)

تشریح (Tashrih - Dissection)

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

High in written Persian, Medium in spoken formal Persian.

Erreurs courantes

Using 'tabyin' for simple instructions. → توضیح
You don't 'tabyin' how to make tea; you 'tozih' it. 'Tabyin' is for complex logic.
Spelling it as 'ta'yin' (تعیین). → تبیین
These are two different words. Ta'yin is determining; Tabyin is explaining.
Using 'tabyin dadan'. → تبیین کردن
The light verb for 'tabyin' is 'kardan'. 'Dadan' is used with 'tozih'.
Pronouncing it 'tab-een'. → tab-yeen
The 'y' sound is important for correct formal pronunciation.
Using 'tabyin' for 'interpretation' of a poem. → تفسیر
Tafsir is for interpretation; Tabyin is for logical clarification.

Astuces

Level Up Your Persian

Replace 'tozih kardan' with 'tabyin kardan' in your formal writing to immediately jump from B1 to B2 level.

Watch the Ezafe

Always remember the 'e' sound after 'tabyin' when followed by the thing you are explaining.

Formal Contexts Only

Save 'tabyin' for presentations, debates, or serious discussions to avoid sounding like a textbook.

News Keywords

When you hear 'tabyin' on the news, pay attention—it usually precedes a detailed analysis of a major event.

Visual Aid

Visualize a spotlight hitting a dark object. That spotlight is 'tabyin'—it makes the object clear and distinct.

Academic Tone

In academic papers, use 'به تبیینِ ... پرداخته شد' (The elucidation of ... was dealt with) for a professional passive tone.

Identify the Object

In long sentences, the word immediately after 'tabyin' is the core concept being clarified.

Arabic Roots

Knowing the root B-Y-N helps you understand related words like 'Bayan' (speech) and 'Mobin' (clear).

Intellectual Values

Iranians value eloquence. Mastering 'tabyin' shows you value clarity and logic, which are highly respected traits.

Daily Challenge

Try to 'tabyin' one news headline every day in your own words using formal Persian.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of a 'Tab' in a browser. You use 'Tabs' to organize and clarify your windows. 'Tab-yin' is the act of organizing your thoughts to clarify them.

Association visuelle

Imagine a foggy window. Someone takes a cloth and wipes a clear square in the middle so they can see the street. That act of wiping the fog away is 'Tabyin'.

Word Web

Clarity Logic Academic Professor Science News Truth Structure

Défi

Try to write three sentences about your favorite hobby using 'tabyin' instead of 'tozih'. For example: 'I will tabyin the rules of chess.'

Origine du mot

Derived from the Arabic root B-Y-N (ب ی ن). In Arabic, the form 'Taf'il' (تبیین) denotes the intensive or causative action of making something 'bayyin' (clear/distinct).

Sens originel : To make something separate and distinct so that it can be clearly seen.

Semitic (Arabic root) adopted into Indo-European (Persian).

Contexte culturel

While a positive word, in political contexts, it can be seen as 'persuasion' or 'propaganda' depending on the listener's perspective. Use it neutrally in academic settings.

English speakers often use 'explain' for everything. To sound more like a native Persian speaker at a high level, you must learn to switch to 'tabyin' for serious topics.

Used extensively in the works of Allameh Tabataba'i in his Quranic exegesis. A frequent term in the speeches of Ayatollah Khamenei regarding social awareness. Commonly found in the titles of academic papers in the University of Tehran's journals.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

University Lecture

تبیینِ نظریه
به تبیینِ جزئیات پرداختن
تبیینِ متغیرها
ارائه تبیینِ علمی

Political News

تبیینِ سیاست‌ها
تبیینِ مواضعِ نظام
جهادِ تبیین
تبیینِ ابعادِ واقعه

Legal/Business

تبیینِ مفادِ قرارداد
تبیینِ حقوقِ طرفین
تبیینِ استراتژیِ فروش
نیاز به تبیینِ بیشتر

Scientific Research

تبیینِ علّی
مدلِ تبیینی
تبیینِ داده‌ها
تبیینِ فرضیه

Religious Discourse

تبیینِ معارفِ دینی
تبیینِ احکام
تبیینِ فلسفهِ قیام
تبیینِ آیات

Amorces de conversation

"آیا می‌توانید تبیین کنید که چرا این نظریه را انتخاب کردید؟ (Can you clarify why you chose this theory?)"

"تبیین شما از اوضاع کنونی اقتصاد چیست؟ (What is your elucidation of the current economic situation?)"

"چگونه می‌توان این پدیده را به صورت علمی تبیین کرد؟ (How can this phenomenon be scientifically explained?)"

"آیا تبیینِ بهتری برای این مشکل وجود دارد؟ (Is there a better explanation for this problem?)"

"به نظر شما، تبیینِ نقشِ فرهنگ در توسعه چیست؟ (In your opinion, what is the clarification of culture's role in development?)"

Sujets d'écriture

سعی کنید یکی از تصمیمات مهم زندگی خود را با استفاده از واژه «تبیین» تشریح کنید. (Try to elucidate one of your important life decisions using the word 'tabyin'.)

تبیینِ خود را از مفهوم «خوشبختی» بنویسید. (Write your elucidation of the concept of 'happiness'.)

چرا تبیینِ درستِ مسائل برای صلح جهانی ضروری است؟ (Why is the correct clarification of issues necessary for world peace?)

یک پدیده علمی را انتخاب کرده و آن را تبیین کنید. (Choose a scientific phenomenon and elucidate it.)

تبیینِ شما از تفاوتِ فرهنگِ ایران و غرب چیست؟ (What is your elucidation of the difference between Iranian and Western culture?)

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

No, it would sound very strange. Use 'tozih' for everyday things. 'Tabyin' is for academic or serious topics.

It is a noun. To use it as a verb, you must add 'kardan' (تبیین کردن).

It comes from the Arabic root B-Y-N, which means clear or distinct.

Yes, it is very common in Iranian news broadcasts, especially when analyzing government policies.

It's not a double 'y' like in 'yellow-yellow', but a long 'ee' sound with a slight semi-vowel glide. Think 'tab-YEEN'.

It's a political term in Iran meaning the 'Struggle for Clarification,' referring to explaining ideological truths.

Yes, it is excellent for business emails to sound professional when explaining strategies or results.

Yes, 'tabyin-ha', though it's less common than the singular form.

Tabyin is clarifying logic/facts; Tafsir is interpreting the meaning of a text like a poem or scripture.

Rarely in classical poetry, which prefers 'bayan', but common in modern philosophical essays about poetry.

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