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C1 verb 10 min de lecture

تقلا کردن

taghalla kardan
Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces تقلا کردن en 30 secondes
Explication تقلا کردن in your Level:
At the A1 level, we focus on the most basic physical meaning of 'تقلا کردن.' Imagine a child trying to reach a toy that is too high, or a small animal trying to get out of a box. It means 'to try hard with the body.' In simple sentences, we use it to show that someone is moving their hands and feet to do something difficult. At this stage, learners should just understand that it's more than just 'trying'—it's 'trying with movement.' For example, 'The cat struggles' (گربه تقلا می‌کند). This level focuses on the present tense and simple past, helping students build the foundation for describing physical actions that require effort. We avoid abstract meanings here and stick to things we can see.
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At the A2 level, we begin to use 'تقلا کردن' for simple daily tasks that are a bit frustrating. You might struggle with a heavy suitcase or a door that won't open. This level introduces the idea of 'difficulty' more clearly. We start using prepositions like 'برای' (for) to explain why someone is struggling. For example, 'I am struggling to open the door' (برای باز کردن در تقلا می‌کنم). Learners at this level should be able to conjugate the verb in the present continuous and the simple past. They should also understand that 'تقلا' is a noun and 'کردن' is the action. This helps them understand the structure of compound verbs in Persian, which is a key skill for moving toward intermediate levels.
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At the B1 level, 'تقلا کردن' expands into the realm of emotions and general life challenges. We move beyond just physical movement and start talking about struggling with school, work, or learning a new skill. A student might say they are 'struggling with their lessons.' This level also introduces the difference between 'تلاش' (effort) and 'تقلا' (struggle), teaching students that 'تقلا' is used when things feel more difficult or desperate. We use more complex sentence structures, including subordinate clauses. For example, 'Although he struggled a lot, he couldn't finish the job' (اگرچه زیاد تقلا کرد، اما نتوانست کار را تمام کند). This builds the bridge between concrete actions and abstract concepts.
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At the B2 level, students should use 'تقلا کردن' to describe social and professional situations with more nuance. It is used to talk about companies struggling in the market, or people struggling to maintain a certain lifestyle. At this stage, the word is often used in the context of 'resilience.' We also introduce common idioms and collocations, such as 'تقلا برای بقا' (struggling for survival). Learners should be able to use the verb in more advanced tenses, like the past perfect or the subjunctive, to express hypothetical struggles. For example, 'If he hadn't struggled, he wouldn't be here now' (اگر تقلا نکرده بود، الان اینجا نبود). The focus is on using the word to add 'drama' and 'weight' to a narrative.
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At the C1 level, 'تقلا کردن' is used with high-level precision in academic, literary, and political contexts. It describes systemic struggles, philosophical wrestling with ideas, or the internal turmoil of a character in a complex novel. Learners are expected to understand the fine line between 'تقلا' and synonyms like 'تکاپو' or 'جان‌کندن.' At this level, the word often appears in news analyses regarding geopolitics or economic theories. For example, 'The government is struggling to control inflation' (دولت برای مهار تورم تقلا می‌کند). C1 learners should be able to use the word to personify abstract entities like 'history,' 'justice,' or 'the soul,' showing a deep command of the language's metaphorical capabilities.
At the C2 level, 'تقلا کردن' is a tool for expressing existential and metaphysical concepts. It is found in the works of great Persian poets and modern intellectuals to describe the human condition—the eternal struggle against time, fate, or the self. A C2 speaker uses this word to discuss the 'friction' of existence. They can analyze the usage of 'تقلا' in classical literature versus modern journalism, recognizing the shifts in register and tone. For example, they might discuss how a character's 'تقلا' in a story represents the broader struggle of a generation. At this level, the word is no longer just a verb; it is a conceptual lens through which to view human effort and the inherent difficulty of change and progress.
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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

تقلا کردن en 30 secondes

  • Taghallā kardan means to struggle or strive intensely, often involving physical movement or a sense of desperation in the face of obstacles.
  • It is a compound verb used for both literal physical writhing and metaphorical intellectual or social battles against difficult circumstances.
  • Commonly paired with prepositions 'barāye' (for) and 'bā' (with/against), it emphasizes the friction and difficulty of the effort made.
  • At higher levels, it describes systemic issues, philosophical conflicts, and the human condition, distinguishing itself from simpler words for 'effort'.

The Persian verb تقلا کردن (taghallā kardan) is a nuanced compound verb that primarily translates to 'to struggle,' 'to strive,' or 'to make a strenuous effort.' At its core, it describes a situation where an individual is putting forth significant energy, often in the face of resistance or difficulty. Unlike the more common 'تلاش کردن' (talash kardan), which implies a general effort or attempt, taghallā kardan often carries a connotation of physical or emotional writhing, a sense of urgency, or even a desperate attempt to overcome an obstacle. It is a word that paints a picture of movement and intensity.

Physical Context
In a physical sense, it refers to the literal movement of an animal or person trying to break free. For example, a fish out of water 'تقلا می‌کند' to return to the sea, or a person caught in a net might struggle to escape. This physical imagery is the foundation of the word's meaning.

ماهی برای بازگشت به آب تقلا می‌کرد.

Translation: The fish was struggling to return to the water.
Metaphorical Context
Metaphorically, it is used for intellectual or social struggles. A student might struggle to understand a complex philosophical concept, or a political activist might struggle against an oppressive system. In these cases, the word emphasizes the difficulty and the 'friction' involved in the process.

او برای حل این مسئله ریاضی پیچیده بسیار تقلا کرد.

Translation: He struggled a lot to solve this complex math problem.

The etymology of the word 'تقلا' stems from Arabic roots, but in modern Persian, it has evolved into a versatile tool for describing any intense exertion. Whether it is a business owner struggling to keep a company afloat during a recession or an athlete pushing their limits in the final meters of a race, تقلا کردن captures that moment of peak exertion where the outcome is still uncertain. It is often associated with a lack of ease; if something is easy, you don't 'taghallā' for it. You only 'taghallā' when the weight of the task is heavy upon your shoulders.

جامعه برای رسیدن به آزادی همواره در حال تقلا است.

Translation: Society is constantly struggling to achieve freedom.
Register and Nuance
While it can be used in daily conversation, it has a slightly higher register than 'جان کندن' (which is more colloquial and means 'toiling' or 'struggling to the point of death'). It is perfectly appropriate for news reports, literature, and formal academic writing when discussing social or historical movements.

بی‌فایده تقلا نکن؛ در قفل شده است.

Translation: Don't struggle in vain; the door is locked.

In summary, تقلا کردن is the word of choice when you want to highlight the 'friction' of effort. It transcends simple work and enters the realm of battling against circumstances. It is the language of the underdog, the language of the persistent, and the language of those who refuse to give up without a fight.

Using تقلا کردن correctly requires an understanding of its compound nature and its syntactic flexibility. As a compound verb (فعل مرکب), the noun 'تقلا' remains constant while the auxiliary verb 'کردن' (to do/make) is conjugated according to tense, person, and mood. This allows the word to fit seamlessly into any grammatical structure in Persian.

Tense Variations
In the past tense, you might say 'تقلا کردم' (I struggled), whereas in the present continuous, you would say 'دارم تقلا می‌کنم' (I am struggling). The flexibility of 'کردن' means you can also express future intent: 'تقلا خواهم کرد' (I will struggle).

او سال‌ها برای رسیدن به این مقام تقلا کرده است.

Translation: He has struggled for years to reach this position.
Prepositional Usage
This verb often pairs with the preposition 'برای' (for/to) to indicate the goal of the struggle, or 'با' (with/against) to indicate the obstacle being faced. For example, 'تقلا با سرنوشت' (struggling with fate) or 'تقلا برای بقا' (struggling for survival).

آن‌ها بیهوده تقلا می‌کردند تا آتش را خاموش کنند.

Translation: They were struggling in vain to extinguish the fire.

In literary Persian, تقلا کردن can be used to describe internal conflicts. A character might 'تقلا' within their own conscience or heart. This usage elevates the word from mere physical movement to a psychological state. It suggests a lack of peace and a state of inner turmoil.

درونش غوغایی بود و برای یافتن حقیقت تقلا می‌کرد.

Translation: There was an uproar inside him, and he was struggling to find the truth.
Negative Constructions
To negate the verb, add the prefix 'نـ' to the auxiliary: 'تقلا نمی‌کنم' (I do not struggle). This is often used to express surrender or ease. 'او بدون هیچ تقلایی پیروز شد' (He won without any struggle).

چرا اینقدر تقلا می‌کنی؟ آرام باش.

Translation: Why are you struggling so much? Be calm.

When writing at a C1 level, you should aim to use تقلا کردن to describe systemic or high-stakes efforts. For example, 'اقتصاد کشور برای خروج از رکود تقلا می‌کند' (The country's economy is struggling to exit the recession). This demonstrates a sophisticated grasp of how abstract entities can be personified through this verb.

In the real world, you will encounter تقلا کردن in a variety of settings, ranging from high-stakes news broadcasts to the pages of contemporary Iranian novels. It is a word that resonates with the human experience of overcoming adversity, making it a favorite for storytellers and journalists alike.

News and Media
Journalists often use this word when reporting on social movements, economic crises, or international negotiations. You might hear: 'دیپلمات‌ها برای رسیدن به توافق تقلا می‌کنند' (Diplomats are struggling to reach an agreement). It highlights the difficulty and the 'back-and-forth' nature of the process.

گزارش‌ها نشان می‌دهد که پناهجویان برای عبور از مرز تقلا می‌کنند.

Translation: Reports show that refugees are struggling to cross the border.
Literature and Cinema
In Iranian cinema, particularly in social dramas, characters are often shown 'تقلا کردن' against their social class or personal tragedies. It provides a visual and emotional shorthand for their internal and external battles. A protagonist might 'تقلا' to keep their family together against all odds.

قهرمان داستان برای اثبات بی‌گناهی خود تقلا می‌کرد.

Translation: The story's hero was struggling to prove his innocence.

In sports commentary, you will hear it during moments of intense competition. If a wrestler is trying to escape a hold, or a football team is trying to score in the final minutes, the commentator might use taghallā to describe their frantic efforts. It conveys a sense of physical dynamism that 'تلاش' simply cannot match.

تیم میهمان برای زدن گل تساوی در دقایق پایانی تقلا می‌کرد.

Translation: The visiting team was struggling to score the equalizer in the final minutes.
Daily Life
In everyday life, parents might use it to describe a child's behavior (e.g., 'بچه برای نخوابیدن تقلا می‌کند' - The child is struggling not to sleep) or a person might use it to describe their own busy schedule ('کل روز را برای تمام کردن پروژه‌ام تقلا کردم' - I struggled all day to finish my project).

او در میان جمعیت تقلا می‌کرد تا راهی پیدا کند.

Translation: He was struggling through the crowd to find a way.

Ultimately, hearing this word should trigger an image of someone 'wrestling' with their environment. It is a powerful, evocative verb that brings a sentence to life by adding a layer of physical and emotional weight.

Even advanced learners of Persian can sometimes misuse تقلا کردن. The most frequent errors involve confusing it with similar verbs or failing to recognize its specific emotional 'temperature.' Understanding these pitfalls is key to achieving native-like fluency.

Confusing with 'تلاش کردن' (Talash Kardan)
This is the most common mistake. While both mean 'to effort,' 'تلاش' is neutral and positive, like 'trying hard.' 'تقلا' is often desperate or difficult. You wouldn't say 'برای موفقیت تقلا کن' (Struggle for success) as an encouraging piece of advice; you would use 'تلاش کن.' Using 'تقلا' here might imply that success is an agonizing, almost impossible fight.

اشتباه: من برای یادگیری زبان تقلا می‌کنم (مگر اینکه واقعاً خیلی سخت باشد). درست: من برای یادگیری زبان تلاش می‌کنم.

Explanation: Use 'talash' for standard effort; use 'taghalla' if you feel like you are drowning in the difficulty.
Incorrect Prepositional Use
Learners sometimes forget that taghallā usually needs 'برای' (for) or 'با' (with). Using it without a preposition can make the sentence feel incomplete or awkward in certain contexts.

اشتباه: او تقلا از مشکلات کرد. درست: او با مشکلات تقلا کرد.

Explanation: You struggle 'with' (با) problems, not 'from' (از) them.

Another mistake is using تقلا کردن for mental processes that are purely passive. You don't 'taghallā' to remember a name (unless it's a very intense, frustrating mental block). It's better suited for active, visible exertion. If you are just thinking hard, 'فکر کردن' or 'تأمل کردن' is better.

او برای به یاد آوردن خاطراتش تقلا می‌کرد.

Note: This is correct because it implies an intense, difficult mental effort, almost like trying to grab something slippery.
Misusing 'دست و پا زدن' (Dast o Pa Zadan)
'دست و پا زدن' is a synonym that literally means 'striking with hands and feet.' While it overlaps with 'تقلا کردن,' it is more informal and often implies a sense of hopelessness or drowning. Using 'تقلا کردن' is usually safer in professional or literary contexts.

او برای نجات زندگی‌اش تقلا کرد و موفق شد.

Correct: This shows a purposeful, albeit difficult, effort.

Finally, avoid overusing the word. Because it is so intense, using it for minor inconveniences (like struggling to open a bag of chips) can sound hyperbolic or even sarcastic. Save it for moments that truly involve grit and determination.

Persian is a language rich with synonyms for 'effort' and 'struggle.' Choosing the right one depends on the intensity, the context, and the desired emotional impact. Here is how تقلا کردن compares to its peers.

تلاش کردن (Talash Kardan)
The most common alternative. It means 'to try' or 'to strive.' It is generally positive and lacks the sense of 'writhing' or 'desperation' found in taghallā. If you are working hard for a promotion, use talash.
کوشش کردن (Koushesh Kardan)
Slightly more formal than 'تلاش,' this word implies a systematic, organized effort. It is often used in academic or professional settings. 'کوشش' is like 'endeavor,' whereas 'تقلا' is like 'struggle.'

ما باید برای پیشرفت علم کوشش کنیم، نه فقط تقلا.

Translation: We must endeavor for the advancement of science, not just struggle aimlessly.
دست و پا زدن (Dast o Pa Zadan)
This is a very vivid, colloquial synonym. It literally means 'flailing one's arms and legs.' It is often used for someone who is in over their head or failing. If a business is going bankrupt and the owner is making desperate, uncoordinated moves, they are 'دست و پا می‌زنند.'
جان کندن (Jan Kandan)
Literally 'to dig out the soul.' This is extreme. It means toiling so hard it feels like it's killing you. It is used for back-breaking labor or extremely difficult emotional processes.

او برای خرید این خانه جان کنده است.

Translation: He has toiled/slaved away to buy this house.
مبارزه کردن (Mobarezeh Kardan)
Meaning 'to fight' or 'to battle.' Use this when the struggle is against an external enemy, a disease, or a social injustice. While 'تقلا' is the act of struggling, 'مبارزه' is the state of being in a fight.

بیمار با بیماری سرطان مبارزه می‌کند و برای هر نفس تقلا می‌کند.

Translation: The patient fights (مبارزه) the cancer and struggles (تقلا) for every breath.

By mastering these distinctions, you can choose the exact word that fits the gravity and nature of the situation you are describing, marking you as a truly advanced speaker of Persian.

How Formal Is It?

Formel

"نهادهای مدنی برای استقرار عدالت تقلا می‌کنند."

Neutre

"او برای پیدا کردن کار تقلا می‌کند."

Informel

"اینقدر تقلا نکن، فایده نداره."

Child friendly

"جوجه کوچولو تقلا کرد تا از تخم بیرون بیاید."

Argot

"طرف داره واسه یه قرون تقلا می‌زنه."

Le savais-tu ?

While the root is shared with 'تقلب' (cheating/turning over), the meanings have diverged significantly. 'Taghallā' focuses on the movement and effort, while 'Taghallob' focuses on the deception or changing of state.

Guide de prononciation

UK /tæɣæˈlɒː kærˈdæn/
US /təɡɑːˈlɑː kɑːrˈdæn/
The primary stress is on the last syllable of the noun 'taghallā' and the last syllable of the verb 'kardan'.
Rime avec
تمنا کردن (tamannā kardan) مدارا کردن (modārā kardan) تماشا کردن (tamāshā kardan) حاشا کردن (hāshā kardan) غوغا کردن (ghowghā kardan) برپا کردن (barpā kardan) پیدا کردن (peydā kardan) امضا کردن (emzā kardan)
Erreurs fréquentes
  • Pronouncing 'gh' as a simple 'g'. It should be more back in the throat.
  • Misplacing the stress on the first syllable.
  • Confusing the long 'ā' with a short 'a'.
  • Merging 'taghalla' and 'kardan' into one word without a slight pause.
  • Failing to pronounce the 'r' in 'kardan' clearly.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 4/5

Easy to recognize in texts but requires context to distinguish from synonyms.

Écriture 7/5

Requires knowledge of compound verb conjugation and correct prepositional use.

Expression orale 6/5

The 'gh' sound can be tricky, and choosing the right register is important.

Écoute 5/5

Commonly heard in news and movies; usually clear from the context of effort.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

تلاش کردن سخت مشکل برای

Apprends ensuite

مبارزه کردن کوشش مقاومت پایداری تکاپو

Avancé

استقامت پافشاری سماجت جان‌فشانی تکاپوی هستی

Grammaire à connaître

Compound Verb Conjugation

In 'تقلا کردن', only 'کردن' changes. Past: تقلا کردم. Present: تقلا می‌کنم.

Subjunctive after 'تا'

او تقلا کرد تا فرار **کند** (He struggled so that he could escape).

Adverb Placement

Adverbs usually come before the auxiliary: او بسیار تقلا کرد.

Noun usage

'تقلا' can be a subject: تقلا برای او سخت بود (Struggling was hard for him).

Prepositional objects

Use 'با' for obstacles: با مشکلات تقلا کن.

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Exemples par niveau

1

کودک برای اسباب‌بازی تقلا می‌کند.

The child struggles for the toy.

Present tense: تقلا می‌کند (3rd person singular).

2

گربه در سبد تقلا کرد.

The cat struggled in the basket.

Simple past: تقلا کرد.

3

او تقلا می‌کند تا بلند شود.

He struggles to stand up.

Use of 'تا' (to/so that) with subjunctive.

4

ماهی در دست من تقلا کرد.

The fish struggled in my hand.

Physical movement context.

5

سگ برای فرار تقلا می‌کند.

The dog struggles to escape.

Compound verb structure.

6

من تقلا کردم.

I struggled.

1st person singular past.

7

آن‌ها تقلا می‌کنند.

They struggle.

3rd person plural present.

8

تقلا نکن!

Don't struggle!

Imperative negative: نـ + فعل.

1

او برای باز کردن پنجره تقلا می‌کرد.

He was struggling to open the window.

Past continuous: می‌کرد indicates ongoing action in the past.

2

ما برای پیدا کردن آدرس تقلا کردیم.

We struggled to find the address.

Collective effort in simple past.

3

آیا تو برای یادگیری این کلمه تقلا می‌کنی؟

Are you struggling to learn this word?

Question form in present tense.

4

او با چمدان سنگین تقلا می‌کرد.

She was struggling with the heavy suitcase.

Preposition 'با' (with).

5

بچه تقلا کرد تا دستش را رها کند.

The child struggled to let go of his hand.

Use of 'تا' to show intent.

6

من برای بیدار شدن در صبح تقلا می‌کنم.

I struggle to wake up in the morning.

Routine struggle in present tense.

7

آن‌ها برای تمام کردن ناهار تقلا کردند.

They struggled to finish lunch.

Simple past with 'برای'.

8

تقلا نکن، من به تو کمک می‌کنم.

Don't struggle, I will help you.

Negative imperative followed by future intent.

1

او برای درک این موضوع پیچیده تقلا می‌کند.

He is struggling to understand this complex subject.

Abstract mental struggle.

2

کشور برای بهبود اقتصاد تقلا می‌کند.

The country is struggling to improve the economy.

Personification of a country.

3

من برای حفظ آرامش خود تقلا کردم.

I struggled to maintain my calm.

Internal emotional struggle.

4

آن‌ها برای زنده ماندن در جنگل تقلا می‌کردند.

They were struggling to survive in the forest.

High-stakes survival context.

5

او همیشه برای بهتر شدن تقلا می‌کند.

He is always struggling to become better.

Adverb 'همیشه' (always) with present tense.

6

ما برای حل این مشکل بزرگ تقلا کرده‌ایم.

We have struggled to solve this big problem.

Present perfect: تقلا کرده‌ایم.

7

او با وجدان خود تقلا می‌کرد.

He was struggling with his conscience.

Preposition 'با' for internal conflict.

8

بی‌فایده تقلا نکن، حقیقت روشن است.

Don't struggle in vain, the truth is clear.

Adverb 'بی‌فایده' (uselessly).

1

نویسنده برای پیدا کردن واژه‌های مناسب تقلا می‌کرد.

The writer was struggling to find the right words.

Creative struggle.

2

شرکت‌های کوچک برای رقابت با غول‌های تجاری تقلا می‌کنند.

Small companies are struggling to compete with business giants.

Economic/Business context.

3

او برای پنهان کردن غم خود تقلا می‌کرد.

She was struggling to hide her sadness.

Emotional concealment.

4

جامعه برای گذار به دموکراسی تقلا می‌کند.

Society is struggling for the transition to democracy.

Sociopolitical transition.

5

او برای رهایی از اعتیاد سال‌ها تقلا کرد.

He struggled for years to break free from addiction.

Long-term personal struggle.

6

ما نباید برای چیزهای بی‌ارزش تقلا کنیم.

We should not struggle for worthless things.

Modal verb 'نباید' (should not).

7

آن‌ها برای حفظ سنت‌های خود تقلا می‌کنند.

They are struggling to preserve their traditions.

Cultural preservation.

8

او در میان دریای مشکلات تقلا می‌کرد.

He was struggling in a sea of problems.

Metaphorical 'sea of problems'.

1

فیلسوف برای تبیین مفهوم هستی تقلا می‌کرد.

The philosopher was struggling to explain the concept of existence.

Academic/Philosophical register.

2

نظام‌های سیاسی برای حفظ قدرت خود تقلا می‌کنند.

Political systems are struggling to maintain their power.

Systemic struggle.

3

او در تقلا بود تا بین عقل و احساس تعادل برقرار کند.

He was in a struggle to balance reason and emotion.

Using 'تقلا' as a noun in a prepositional phrase.

4

هنرمند برای خلق اثری نوآورانه تقلا می‌کرد.

The artist was struggling to create an innovative work.

Artistic struggle.

5

بشر همواره برای غلبه بر مرگ تقلا کرده است.

Humanity has always struggled to overcome death.

Universal human struggle.

6

او برای اثبات حقانیت خود در دادگاه تقلا کرد.

He struggled to prove his righteousness in court.

Legal/Moral context.

7

اقتصاد جهانی برای خروج از رکود تقلا می‌کند.

The global economy is struggling to emerge from recession.

Macroeconomic context.

8

او با افکار وسواسی خود تقلا می‌کرد.

He was struggling with his obsessive thoughts.

Psychological struggle.

1

روح انسانی در تقلا برای رهایی از کالبد مادی است.

The human soul is in a struggle to break free from the material body.

Metaphysical/Mystical register.

2

تاریخ، صحنه تقلاهای بی‌پایان برای عدالت است.

History is the scene of endless struggles for justice.

Historical personification.

3

او در هزارتوی تردیدهای خود تقلا می‌کرد.

He was struggling in the labyrinth of his own doubts.

Highly metaphorical/Literary.

4

زبان برای بیان دردهای عمیق بشری تقلا می‌کند.

Language struggles to express deep human pains.

Linguistic philosophy.

5

او با سرنوشت محتوم خود تقلا می‌کرد.

He was struggling with his inevitable fate.

Existential context.

6

تقلا برای معنا، جوهره وجودی انسان است.

The struggle for meaning is the existential essence of man.

Philosophical noun usage.

7

او در کشاکش و تقلا با خویشتن، به بصیرت رسید.

In the tug-of-war and struggle with himself, he reached insight.

Pairing 'تقلا' with 'کشاکش' (conflict).

8

جهان در تقلا برای یافتن نظمی نوین است.

The world is struggling to find a new order.

Geopolitical/Cosmological register.

Collocations courantes

تقلا برای بقا
تقلا برای آزادی
تقلا با سرنوشت
تقلا در میان جمعیت
تقلا برای نفس کشیدن
تقلا برای فهمیدن
تقلا بیهوده
تقلا برای فرار
تقلا برای تغییر
تقلا میان دو راهی

Phrases Courantes

بی‌خود تقلا نکن

— Don't struggle for no reason; it's pointless. Used when someone is making an unnecessary effort.

بی‌خود تقلا نکن، کلید دست من است.

تقلاهای آخر

— The last struggles. Used for something that is about to end or die.

این‌ها تقلاهای آخر یک رژیم در حال سقوط است.

در تقلا بودن

— To be in a state of struggle. Focuses on the state rather than the action.

او همیشه در تقلا برای پول است.

بدون هیچ تقلایی

— Without any struggle; easily. Used to describe a smooth process.

او بدون هیچ تقلایی برنده شد.

تقلا برای رسیدن

— Struggling to reach a goal or a place. Common in travel or career contexts.

برای رسیدن به قله تقلا کردیم.

تقلا با وجدان

— Struggling with one's conscience. Used for moral dilemmas.

او با وجدانش تقلا می‌کرد تا حقیقت را بگوید.

تقلا برای زندگی

— Struggling for life. Used in emergency or poverty contexts.

مردم فقیر برای زندگی روزمره تقلا می‌کنند.

تقلا برای جلب توجه

— Struggling to get attention. Often used for children or performers.

او برای جلب توجه والدینش تقلا می‌کرد.

تقلا در تاریکی

— Struggling in the dark. Metaphor for trying to solve something without enough information.

ما در تاریکی تقلا می‌کردیم تا راه حل را پیدا کنیم.

تقلا برای فردا

— Struggling for tomorrow. Often implies working for a better future.

ما امروز تقلا می‌کنیم تا فردای بهتری داشته باشیم.

Souvent confondu avec

تقلا کردن vs تقلب کردن

Means 'to cheat'. People confuse them because the first four letters are the same, but 'taghallob' is about dishonesty, while 'taghallā' is about effort.

تقلا کردن vs تلافی کردن

Means 'to retaliate' or 'to make up for'. Sounds slightly similar but has a completely different meaning related to revenge or compensation.

تقلا کردن vs تلاقی کردن

Means 'to intersect' or 'to meet'. Used for roads or ideas meeting.

Expressions idiomatiques

"دست و پا زدن در لجن"

— To struggle in the mud. Metaphor for being stuck in a bad situation and making it worse.

هر چه بیشتر دروغ می‌گوید، بیشتر در لجن دست و پا می‌زند.

Informal/Critical
"تقلا برای هیچ"

— Struggling for nothing. Used when a lot of effort results in zero gain.

تمام این تقلاها برای هیچ بود.

Neutral
"جان به لب رسیدن"

— To reach the point where the soul is at the lips. Related to extreme struggle.

از دست این همه تقلا، جانم به لب رسیده.

Informal
"با چنگ و دندان تقلا کردن"

— To struggle with teeth and nails. To use every possible resource to succeed.

او با چنگ و دندان برای حفظ خانه‌اش تقلا کرد.

Neutral/Emphatic
"تقلا میان زمین و آسمان"

— Struggling between earth and sky. Being in a state of total uncertainty.

او در تقلا میان زمین و آسمان رها شده بود.

Literary
"آب در هاون کوبیدن"

— Pounding water in a mortar. A related idiom for useless effort/struggle.

تقلا برای تغییر او مثل آب در هاون کوبیدن است.

Neutral
"خود را به در و دیوار زدن"

— To hit oneself against doors and walls. To struggle frantically and desperately.

برای پیدا کردن کار خود را به در و دیوار زد.

Informal
"نفس‌های آخر را زدن"

— Taking the last breaths. Describes the final struggles of something failing.

این شرکت دارد نفس‌های آخر را می‌زند.

Neutral
"در گل ماندن"

— To be stuck in the mud. Used when struggle ceases to be productive.

او در تقلا بود اما آخر سر در گل ماند.

Informal
"یک تنه تقلا کردن"

— To struggle single-handedly. Doing a difficult task without help.

او یک تنه برای بزرگ کردن بچه‌ها تقلا کرد.

Neutral

Facile à confondre

تقلا کردن vs تلاش

Both mean effort.

Talash is positive and general. Taghalla is difficult, desperate, or physical.

برای موفقیت تلاش کن. (Correct) / برای موفقیت تقلا کن. (Sounds like success is a painful struggle).

تقلا کردن vs کوشش

Both mean effort.

Koushesh is organized and academic. Taghalla is raw and often unorganized.

کوشش‌های علمی (Scientific endeavors) vs تقلا در آزمایشگاه (Struggling in the lab).

تقلا کردن vs مبارزه

Both involve a 'fight'.

Mobarezeh is the conflict itself. Taghalla is the act of struggling within that conflict.

او با بیماری مبارزه می‌کند و برای نفس کشیدن تقلا می‌کند.

تقلا کردن vs تکاپو

Both mean striving.

Takapu is more poetic and often involves 'searching' (like a quest). Taghalla is more about 'overcoming resistance'.

در تکاپوی یافتن خویش (Searching for oneself).

تقلا کردن vs جان‌کندن

Both mean intense struggle.

Jan-kandan is much more extreme and often used for hard labor or agony. Taghalla is slightly more versatile.

برای این حقوق ناچیز جان می‌کند.

Structures de phrases

A2

من برای [اسم] تقلا می‌کنم.

من برای نمره تقلا می‌کنم.

B1

او تقلا می‌کرد تا [فعل التزامی].

او تقلا می‌کرد تا پیروز شود.

B2

[اسم] با [اسم] تقلا می‌کند.

شرکت با بحران تقلا می‌کند.

C1

در میان [اسم]، تقلا برای [اسم] ادامه دارد.

در میان جنگ، تقلا برای بقا ادامه دارد.

C2

تقلا، جوهره‌ی [اسم] است.

تقلا، جوهره‌ی تکامل است.

B1

بدون هیچ تقلایی، [جمله].

بدون هیچ تقلایی، در باز شد.

B2

هر چه بیشتر تقلا کنی، [جمله].

هر چه بیشتر تقلا کنی، بیشتر غرق می‌شوی.

C1

او در تقلاست که [فعل التزامی].

او در تقلاست که بی‌گناهی‌اش را ثابت کند.

Famille de mots

Noms

Verbes

Adjectifs

Apparenté

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Common in news, literature, and serious conversation. Less common in casual 'light' chat.

Erreurs courantes
  • Using 'تقلا کردن' for simple efforts. → تلاش کردن

    If you are just studying for a test, use 'talash'. Use 'taghalla' if the test is incredibly hard and you are failing.

  • Using the wrong preposition 'از'. → با / برای

    You struggle 'with' a problem or 'for' a goal. You don't struggle 'from' a problem in Persian.

  • Confusing with 'تقلب کردن'. → تقلا کردن

    One means cheating, the other means struggling. This is a common spelling/listening error.

  • Forgetting to conjugate 'کردن'. → Conjugated form (e.g., می‌کردم)

    Persian compound verbs require the auxiliary verb to be conjugated for tense and person.

  • Using 'تقلا' as a verb without 'کردن'. → تقلا کردن

    'تقلا' is just the noun. To express the action, you must add 'kardan'.

Astuces

When to Choose Taghalla

Choose this word when you want to paint a picture of someone 'wrestling' with their circumstances. It adds more drama than 'talash'.

Conjugating Correctly

Remember that 'taghallā' never changes. Only conjugate 'kardan'. For example, 'taghallā mikonam', 'taghallā kardi', 'taghallā khāhand kard'.

The Root Connection

Don't confuse it with 'taghallob' (cheating). One is about effort (taghallā), the other is about deception (taghallob).

Adding Adverbs

Words like 'بیهوده' (vainly), 'بسیار' (greatly), and 'سخت' (hard) work perfectly with this verb.

The 'Gh' Sound

Practice the 'gh' sound (ق) by gargling. It’s a voiced uvular fricative. This makes the word sound authentic.

Social Context

In Iranian news, this word is often used to describe the struggle of the economy or the people against sanctions.

Identifying Nuance

When you hear 'taghallā', look for signs of resistance or difficulty in the context.

Personification

You can use this word for abstract things like 'the truth' or 'the economy' to make your writing more literary.

Mental Image

Always associate this word with the image of a fish in a net. It’s the most helpful way to remember the 'vibe' of the word.

Avoid Overuse

Don't use it for simple things like 'struggling to find my keys' unless you really can't find them and are getting desperate.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of 'Tag' and 'Hall'. Imagine you are playing 'Tag' in a long, crowded 'Hall'. You have to 'taghallā' (struggle) through the crowd to catch the person.

Association visuelle

Visualize a fish wiggling in a net. The motion of the fish is the visual definition of 'taghallā'.

Word Web

Struggle Effort Desperation Movement Friction Obstacle Resilience Wrestling

Défi

Try to write three sentences: one about a physical struggle, one about a mental struggle, and one about a social struggle using 'تقلا کردن'.

Origine du mot

The word 'تقلا' (taghallā) originates from the Arabic root 'ق-ل-و' (q-l-w) or 'ق-ل-ی' (q-l-y), which relates to boiling, frying, or being in a state of agitation. In Persian, it was adopted to describe the physical agitation of a struggle.

Sens originel : Agitation, boiling over, or moving restlessly.

Semitic (root) adopted into Indo-European (Persian).

Contexte culturel

Be careful not to use 'taghallā' for something that should be easy; it can sound like you are complaining too much.

In English, 'struggle' can be a noun or a verb. In Persian, we almost always use the compound verb form 'taghallā kardan' for the action.

Modern Iranian cinema (e.g., Asghar Farhadi's films) often depicts the 'taghallā' of the middle class. Socialist-leaning Persian poetry of the mid-20th century frequently uses the word to describe the class struggle. Biological texts in Persian use it to describe the 'struggle for existence' (تنازع بقا).

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Physical Struggle

  • تقلا برای رهایی
  • دست و پا زدن در آب
  • تقلا زیر بار سنگین
  • زور زدن و تقلا کردن

Economic Struggle

  • تقلا برای معاش
  • تقلا در بازار رقابتی
  • تقلا علیه تورم
  • تقلا برای بقای شرکت

Intellectual Struggle

  • تقلا برای درک مطلب
  • تقلا با مفاهیم انتزاعی
  • تقلا برای یافتن حقیقت
  • تقلا در حل معما

Emotional Struggle

  • تقلا با غم
  • تقلا برای فراموشی
  • تقلا با وجدان
  • تقلا برای حفظ ظاهر

Social/Political Struggle

  • تقلا برای حقوق بشر
  • تقلا علیه ظلم
  • تقلا برای دموکراسی
  • تقلا در راه آزادی

Amorces de conversation

"آیا تا به حال برای یادگیری کاری خیلی تقلا کرده‌اید؟ (Have you ever struggled a lot to learn something?)"

"فکر می‌کنید چرا مردم برای جلب توجه در فضای مجازی تقلا می‌کنند؟ (Why do you think people struggle for attention in cyberspace?)"

"در کشور شما، مردم برای چه چیزهایی بیشتر تقلا می‌کنند؟ (In your country, what do people struggle for the most?)"

"آیا تقلا کردن همیشه به موفقیت ختم می‌شود؟ (Does struggling always lead to success?)"

"چگونه می‌توان بدون تقلا کردن زیاد به آرامش رسید؟ (How can one achieve peace without much struggling?)"

Sujets d'écriture

درباره زمانی بنویسید که برای رسیدن به یک هدف بزرگ تقلا کردید و در نهایت موفق شدید. (Write about a time you struggled for a big goal and finally succeeded.)

آیا تقلا کردن برای تغییر دیگران کار درستی است؟ نظرات خود را بنویسید. (Is it right to struggle to change others? Write your opinions.)

تفاوت بین 'تلاش هوشمندانه' و 'تقلا کردن بیهوده' را از دیدگاه خود توضیح دهید. (Explain the difference between 'smart effort' and 'useless struggling' from your perspective.)

یک داستان کوتاه درباره ماهی کوچکی بنویسید که برای رسیدن به اقیانوس تقلا می‌کند. (Write a short story about a small fish struggling to reach the ocean.)

چگونه تقلاهای زندگی شخصیت ما را می‌سازند؟ (How do life's struggles build our character?)

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

It is generally neutral but can lean negative because it implies difficulty and lack of ease. However, struggling for a good cause (like freedom) is seen as noble.

Yes, you can say 'با زبان فارسی تقلا می‌کنم,' but it implies you are finding it extremely difficult and perhaps frustrating.

'تلاش' is 'trying hard' while 'تقلا' is 'struggling.' Think of 'تلاش' as a runner in a race and 'تقلا' as a runner trying to run through deep mud.

Yes, though poets often prefer 'تکاپو' or 'کشمکش' for rhythmic reasons, 'تقلا' appears in modern Persian poetry frequently.

You say 'او بیهوده تقلا کرد' or 'تقلاهای او بی‌فایده بود.'

Absolutely! It is the perfect word for a fish wiggling or struggling out of water.

Yes, it is a C1 level word, meaning it's common in sophisticated speech, news, and literature, but everyone understands it.

Yes, as a noun, you can say 'تقلاها' (struggles).

The most direct opposite in terms of action is 'تسلیم شدن' (to surrender) or 'آرام گرفتن' (to become calm).

Yes, for example: 'تقلاهای او نتیجه‌ای نداشت' (His struggles had no result).

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Teste-toi 113 questions

writing

یک جمله درباره تقلا کردن برای یادگیری یک زبان جدید بنویسید.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

تفاوت 'تقلا' و 'تلاش' را در دو جمله توضیح دهید.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

یک پاراگراف کوتاه درباره تقلا برای بقا در طبیعت بنویسید.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

درباره بزرگترین تقلای زندگی خود صحبت کنید. (۳۰ ثانیه)

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

گوش دهید: 'دولت برای مهار تورم تقلا می‌کند.' منظور از تقلا در اینجا چیست؟

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :

/ 113 correct

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