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A1 noun #2,000 le plus courant 8 min de lecture

जूते

joote Top 2,000

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces जूते en 30 secondes

Explication जूते in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'जूते' (jūte) is introduced as a basic vocabulary word for clothing. Learners focus on identifying the object, its color, and simple ownership. You learn to say 'my shoes' (mere jūte) and 'I have shoes' (mere pās jūte haiñ). The focus is on the plural form because shoes almost always come in pairs. Simple verbs like 'pahan-nā' (to wear) are introduced. The goal is to be able to point to footwear and name it correctly in a sentence.

At the A2 level, learners begin to describe 'जूते' using more adjectives and talk about simple actions. You might describe shoes as 'comfortable' (ārāmdāyak), 'expensive' (mahañge), or 'cheap' (saste). You also learn to use the word in the context of shopping, asking for a different size or color. The oblique form 'जूतों' (jūtoñ) starts to appear when using basic postpositions like 'in' or 'with'. You can now explain where your shoes are kept, such as 'under the bed' or 'in the rack'.

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At the B1 level, 'जूते' is used in more complex situational contexts. You can discuss the material of the shoes (leather vs. synthetic) and their purpose (office wear, sports, formal events). You might describe a problem with your shoes, like a broken sole or a tight fit, and talk about getting them repaired by a 'mochī' (cobbler). Learners at this level can follow instructions about footwear in public places, like signs at temples or museums, and can engage in a short conversation about fashion preferences.

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At the B2 level, the word 'जूते' appears in more idiomatic and metaphorical expressions. You understand the cultural significance of shoes in India, such as the 'Joota Chhupai' ritual at weddings. You can discuss the social implications of footwear and use the word in more abstract sentences. For instance, you might use the word in a discussion about labor conditions in the shoe industry or the environmental impact of fast fashion. Your use of the oblique form 'जूतों' is now natural and error-free in complex sentences.

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At the C1 level, you are familiar with the literary and formal uses of the word. You might encounter 'जूते' in Hindi literature or poetry where it symbolizes a journey, poverty, or social status. You can understand nuanced insults or humor involving shoes. You are also capable of using technical terms related to footwear in a professional or academic discussion. Your vocabulary includes synonyms and archaic terms for footwear, and you can switch between formal and colloquial registers effortlessly.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of 'जूते' is complete. You understand every possible idiomatic usage, historical reference, and cultural nuance. You can appreciate wordplay in high-level literature or political satire that involves shoes. You can discuss the etymology of the word and its cognates in other Indo-Aryan languages. Whether it's a legal document regarding a shoe brand or a philosophical poem about the 'dust on one's shoes,' you navigate the context with the ease of a native speaker.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

जूते en 30 secondes

जूते (Jūte) means 'shoes' in Hindi and is a masculine plural noun.
It is the plural of 'Jūtā' and follows standard pluralization rules.
Culturally, removing shoes is mandatory in Indian homes and temples.
Common verbs used are 'pahannā' (wear) and 'utārnā' (take off).

The Hindi word जूते (jūte) is the plural form of जूता (jūtā), which translates directly to 'shoes' in English. In the linguistic landscape of Hindi, this noun belongs to the masculine category. When we talk about footwear in a general sense or specifically about a pair, we almost always use the plural form 'जूते'. Understanding this word is fundamental for any beginner (A1 level) because it pertains to daily attire and personal belongings. The word encompasses everything from formal leather shoes to casual sneakers, though modern Hindi often adopts English terms like 'sneakers' or 'boots' for specific styles, 'जूते' remains the overarching umbrella term.

Grammatical Gender: Masculine Plural (M.P.)
Singular Form: जूता (jūtā)
Root Origin: Derived from the Sanskrit word 'युक्त' (yukta) or related Prakrit forms referring to joined leather.

ये मेरे नए जूते हैं। (Ye mere naye jūte haiñ.) - These are my new shoes.

In Hindi, nouns ending in 'ā' usually change to 'e' in the plural. This is why 'jūtā' becomes 'jūte'. This transformation is consistent across most masculine nouns. When you are shopping in a market in Delhi or Mumbai, you will use this word to ask for sizes, colors, and prices. The versatility of the word allows it to be used in various social registers, from the street-side cobbler (mochi) to high-end boutiques in malls. Interestingly, the word also carries significant weight in idioms and cultural practices, which we will explore in the following sections.

क्या आपके जूते आरामदायक हैं? (Kyā āpke jūte ārāmdāyak haiñ?) - Are your shoes comfortable?

Material Types: चमड़े के जूते (Leather shoes), कपड़े के जूते (Canvas/Cloth shoes)

मुझे काले जूते चाहिए। (Mujhe kāle jūte chāhiye.) - I want black shoes.

बाहर जूते उतारिए। (Bāhar jūte utāriye.) - Please take off your shoes outside.

Common Adjectives: पुराने (Old), नए (New), गंदे (Dirty), साफ़ (Clean)

तुम्हारे जूते बहुत गंदे हैं। (Tumhāre jūte bahut gande haiñ.) - Your shoes are very dirty.

Using the word जूते correctly involves understanding its agreement with adjectives and verbs. Since it is masculine plural, any adjectives describing the shoes must also be in the masculine plural form (usually ending in 'e'). For example, 'black shoes' is 'काले जूते' (kāle jūte), not 'काला जूते'. Similarly, verbs must agree with the plural subject. The most common verbs used with shoes are 'पहनना' (pahannā - to wear) and 'उतारना' (utārnā - to take off). If you are putting them on, you say 'जूते पहन रहा हूँ' (I am wearing shoes). If you are removing them, you say 'जूते उतार रहा हूँ' (I am taking off shoes).

Action: Wearing: पहनना (Pahannā) - e.g., जूते पहनो (Wear shoes).
Action: Removing: उतारना (Utārnā) - e.g., जूते उतारो (Take off shoes).

जल्दी जूते पहनो, हमें देर हो रही है। (Jaldī jūte pahno, hameñ der ho rahī hai.) - Put on your shoes quickly, we are getting late.

In a shopping context, you will need to discuss sizes. In India, shoe sizes often follow the UK/Indian sizing system. You would ask, 'यह जूते कितने नंबर के हैं?' (What number/size are these shoes?). If they are too tight, you say 'ये जूते तंग हैं' (Ye jūte tañg haiñ). If they are too loose, 'ये जूते ढीले हैं' (Ye jūte dhīle haiñ). Maintenance is another key area. You might need to get your shoes polished (पॉलिश करना) or repaired by a cobbler. The word for cobbler is 'मोची' (mochī), and you would say 'मोची से जूते ठीक करवाओ' (Get the shoes fixed by the cobbler).

इन जूतों को पॉलिश कर दो। (In jūtoñ ko polish kar do.) - Polish these shoes.

Shopping Phrases: कितने का है? (How much?), छोटा साइज़ (Small size), बड़ा साइज़ (Big size)

क्या आपके पास नीले जूते हैं? (Kyā āpke pās nīle jūte haiñ?) - Do you have blue shoes?

The word जूते is ubiquitous in Indian daily life. You will hear it most frequently in domestic settings, especially near the entrance of a house. In India, it is a common custom to leave footwear at the door to keep the living space clean and sacred. Therefore, phrases like 'जूते बाहर उतारो' (Leave shoes outside) are heard daily. You will also hear it in marketplaces (bazaars), where vendors shout out prices or call customers to look at their collection. In schools, teachers might instruct students to keep their shoes clean or tie their laces ('फीते' - phīte).

At Home: 'जूते स्टैंड पर रखो' (Put the shoes on the stand).
At the Temple: 'जूते यहाँ जमा करें' (Deposit shoes here).

मंदिर के अंदर जूते ले जाना मना है। (Mandir ke andar jūte le jānā manā hai.) - Taking shoes inside the temple is forbidden.

In Bollywood movies and Hindi songs, shoes often play a symbolic role. A famous song 'Mera Joota Hai Japani' (My shoe is Japanese) highlights the word in a patriotic and global context. In wedding ceremonies, specifically North Indian Hindu weddings, there is a playful ritual called 'Joota Chhupai' where the bride's sisters hide the groom's shoes and demand money to return them. You will hear a lot of laughter and negotiation involving the word 'जूते' during this event. Furthermore, in political contexts or protests, shoes can sometimes be used as a symbol of disrespect, leading to the phrase 'जूते मारना' (to hit with shoes), which is a grave insult.

शादी में दूल्हे के जूते चोरी हो गए! (Shādī meñ dūlhe ke jūte chorī ho gaye!) - The groom's shoes got stolen at the wedding!

One of the most common mistakes learners make with जूते is failing to change the adjective to the masculine plural form. Because 'जूते' ends in 'e', beginners often assume the adjective should stay in its base 'ā' form. For example, saying 'मेरा जूते' (merā jūte) is incorrect; it must be 'मेरे जूते' (mere jūte). Similarly, 'बड़ा जूते' (baṛā jūte) should be 'बड़े जूते' (baṛe jūte). Another frequent error involves the use of postpositions. Learners often forget to use the oblique form 'जूतों' (jūtoñ) when adding words like 'को', 'में', or 'से'.

Wrong: वह जूते अच्छा है। (Vah jūte acchā hai.)
Right: वे जूते अच्छे हैं। (Ve jūte acche haiñ.)

मेरे जूते कहाँ हैं? (Mere jūte kahāñ haiñ?) - Where are my shoes? (Correct plural agreement)

Confusion also arises between 'जूते' (shoes) and 'चप्पल' (slippers/flip-flops). While 'जूते' is a general term, Indians are very specific about 'चप्पल' (chappal) for indoor or casual wear. Using 'जूते' for flip-flops might sound odd to a native speaker. Additionally, be careful with the verb 'रखना' (rakhnā - to keep/put) versus 'पहनना' (pahannā - to wear). You 'wear' shoes on your feet, but you 'keep' them in a rack. Mixing these up can lead to confusing sentences like 'I am keeping shoes' when you mean 'I am putting them on'.

मैं अपने जूते साफ़ कर रहा हूँ। (Maiñ apne jūte sāf kar rahā hūñ.) - I am cleaning my shoes.

While जूते is the most common word for shoes, Hindi has several other terms for footwear depending on the style and context. Understanding these nuances will help you sound more like a native speaker. For instance, 'चप्पल' (chappal) refers to slippers or sandals, usually worn at home or in very casual settings. 'सैंडल' (sandal) is used specifically for strapped sandals, often worn by women. For more formal or traditional Indian footwear, you might encounter words like 'मोजरी' (mojarī) or 'जूती' (jūtī).

जूते vs. चप्पल: 'जूते' are closed footwear; 'चप्पल' are open-toed slippers.
जूते vs. जूती: 'जूते' is general/modern; 'जूती' usually refers to traditional, pointed, often embroidered ethnic shoes.

उसने सुंदर राजस्थानी जूतियाँ पहनी हैं। (Usne sundar rājasthānī jūtiyāñ pahnī haiñ.) - She is wearing beautiful Rajasthani juttis.

In sports contexts, you might hear 'स्पोर्ट्स शूज़' (sports shoes) or 'स्नीकर्स' (sneakers), as English loanwords are very common in urban India. However, if you are talking about heavy boots, the word 'बूट' (būt) is used. It's also worth noting the word 'पादुका' (pādukā), which is an ancient, religious term for wooden sandals worn by saints or deities. You won't use 'pādukā' in a shoe store, but you will see it in temples or religious texts. Comparing 'जूते' with these terms helps define its boundaries as a modern, everyday, closed-toe footwear category.

मुझे दौड़ने के लिए नए जूते चाहिए। (Mujhe dauṛne ke liye naye jūte chāhiye.) - I need new shoes for running.

How Formal Is It?

Niveau de difficulté

Grammaire à connaître

Masculine plural ending in 'e'

Adjective-Noun agreement

Oblique case with postpositions

Imperative verbs

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Exemples par niveau

ये मेरे जूते हैं।

These are my shoes.

Uses 'ye' (these) and 'haiñ' (are) for plural agreement.

जूते काले हैं।

The shoes are black.

Adjective 'kāle' is masculine plural.

मेरे पास दो जूते हैं।

I have two shoes (a pair).

'Mere pās' indicates possession.

जूते कहाँ हैं?

Where are the shoes?

Interrogative sentence with plural verb.

जूते पहनो।

Wear the shoes.

Imperative form of 'pahannā'.

जूते साफ़ हैं।

The shoes are clean.

'Sāf' is an invariant adjective.

वह जूते सुंदर हैं।

Those shoes are beautiful.

'Vah' is often used colloquially for 've' in some dialects, but 've' is standard.

जूते उतारो।

Take off the shoes.

Imperative form of 'utārnā'.

मुझे नए जूते खरीदने हैं।

I have to buy new shoes.

Infinitive + 'haiñ' for necessity.

ये जूते बहुत छोटे हैं।

These shoes are very small.

Adjective 'choṭe' agrees with 'jūte'.

क्या ये जूते चमड़े के हैं?

Are these shoes made of leather?

'Chamṛe ke' means 'of leather'.

मेरे जूते अलमारी के नीचे हैं।

My shoes are under the cupboard.

Use of postposition 'ke nīche'.

इन जूतों की कीमत क्या है?

What is the price of these shoes?

Oblique form 'jūtoñ' used with 'kī'.

मुझे नीले जूते पसंद हैं।

I like blue shoes.

Subject + 'ko' (implied) + 'pasand' construction.

जूते पहनकर अंदर मत आओ।

Don't come inside wearing shoes.

'Pahankar' means 'having worn'.

तुम्हारे जूते गंदे क्यों हैं?

Why are your shoes dirty?

Interrogative 'kyūñ' with plural agreement.

मेरे जूतों का सोल टूट गया है।

The sole of my shoes is broken.

Oblique plural 'jūtoñ' with 'kā'.

क्या आप इन जूतों को पॉलिश कर सकते हैं?

Can you polish these shoes?

Modal verb 'sakte' for ability/request.

ये जूते दौड़ने के लिए अच्छे नहीं हैं।

These shoes are not good for running.

Purpose expressed with 'ke liye'.

मुझे आठ नंबर के जूते चाहिए।

I need size eight shoes.

'Chāhiye' for 'need/want'.

जूते उतारकर मंदिर में प्रवेश करें।

Enter the temple after taking off your shoes.

Conjunctive participle 'utārkar'.

ये जूते बहुत आरामदायक महसूस होते हैं।

These shoes feel very comfortable.

Verb 'mahsūs honā' (to feel).

उसने अपने पुराने जूते गरीब को दे दिए।

He gave his old shoes to a poor person.

Perfective tense with 'ne' particle.

बाज़ार में जूतों की सेल लगी है।

There is a sale on shoes in the market.

Oblique plural 'jūtoñ'.

शादी में जूतों की चोरी एक मज़ेदार रस्म है।

Stealing shoes at a wedding is a fun ritual.

Abstract noun 'chorī' used with 'jūtoñ'.

अगर तुम मेरे जूतों में होते, तो क्या करते?

If you were in my shoes, what would you do?

Idiomatic use of 'jūtoñ meñ honā'.

जूते की नोक पर रखना (मुहावरा)।

To treat someone with contempt (Idiom).

Idiomatic expression.

उसने अपने जूतों के फीते कसकर बाँधे।

He tied his shoelaces tightly.

Compound postposition 'ke phīte'.

महँगे जूते पहनना ही सब कुछ नहीं होता।

Wearing expensive shoes isn't everything.

Gerundial use of 'pahannā'.

जूतों का व्यापार आजकल बहुत बढ़ गया है।

The shoe business has grown a lot these days.

Formal noun 'vyāpār'.

बरसात के मौसम में चमड़े के जूते खराब हो जाते हैं।

Leather shoes get ruined in the rainy season.

Passive-like construction 'kharāb ho jānā'.

उसके पास जूतों का एक बड़ा संग्रह है।

He has a large collection of shoes.

Noun 'sañgrah' (collection).

साहित्य में फटे जूते अक्सर गरीबी का प्रतीक होते हैं।

In literature, torn shoes are often a symbol of poverty.

Symbolic use of 'phaṭe jūte'.

जूतों की खट-खट से सन्नाटा टूट गया।

The silence was broken by the clicking sound of shoes.

Onomatopoeic 'khaṭ-khaṭ'.

राजनीति में जूतों की माला पहनाना एक बड़ा अपमान है।

In politics, making someone wear a garland of shoes is a huge insult.

Cultural/Political context.

वह जूतों की पॉलिश की तरह अपनी किस्मत चमकाना चाहता था।

He wanted to brighten his luck like the polish on shoes.

Metaphorical comparison.

जूतों के तलवों में चिपकी मिट्टी उसके लंबे सफर की गवाह थी।

The mud stuck to the soles of his shoes was witness to his long journey.

Literary personification.

आधुनिक युग में जूते केवल ज़रूरत नहीं, बल्कि स्टेटस सिंबल हैं।

In the modern era, shoes are not just a necessity but a status symbol.

Complex sentence structure.

जूतों की कारीगरी में भारत का अपना एक इतिहास है।

India has its own history in the craftsmanship of shoes.

Formal noun 'kārīgarī'.

उसने जूतों की धूल झाड़कर नए घर में कदम रखा।

He dusted off his shoes and stepped into the new house.

Idiomatic 'dhūl jhāṛnā'.

जूतों के इतिहास का अध्ययन मानव सभ्यता के विकास को दर्शाता है।

The study of the history of shoes reflects the development of human civilization.

Academic register.

प्रेमचंद की कहानी 'प्रेमचंद के फटे जूते' सामाजिक विडंबनाओं पर प्रहार करती है।

Premchand's story 'Premchand's Torn Shoes' strikes at social ironies.

Literary reference.

जूतों की बनावट में एर्गोनॉमिक्स का महत्व निर्विवाद है।

The importance of ergonomics in shoe design is indisputable.

Technical/Scientific vocabulary.

पदत्राणों की विविधता भौगोलिक परिस्थितियों के अनुरूप होती है।

The variety of footwear corresponds to geographical conditions.

Highly formal synonym 'padatrāṇ'.

जूतों के माध्यम से वर्ग-भेद को स्पष्ट रूप से समझा जा सकता है।

Class distinction can be clearly understood through shoes.

Sociological analysis.

निर्वाण की प्राप्ति के लिए खड़ाऊँ का त्याग भी एक चरण माना गया है।

Renouncing even wooden sandals is considered a step toward attaining Nirvana.

Philosophical/Religious context.

जूतों की घिसी हुई एड़ी उसके अथक परिश्रम का मौन व्याख्यान थी।

The worn-out heel of his shoes was a silent lecture on his tireless hard work.

Poetic/Metaphorical.

वैश्विक बाज़ार में जूतों के निर्यात की रणनीतियाँ जटिल होती जा रही हैं।

Strategies for shoe exports in the global market are becoming complex.

Economic/Business register.

Collocations courantes

जूते पहनना (To wear shoes)

जूते उतारना (To take off shoes)

जूते पॉलिश करना (To polish shoes)

जूते खरीदना (To buy shoes)

जूते चुराना (To steal shoes)

जूते का फीता (Shoelace)

जूते का सोल (Shoe sole)

जूते की दुकान (Shoe shop)

चमड़े के जूते (Leather shoes)

खेल के जूते (Sports shoes)

Phrases Courantes

जूते बाहर उतारें (Remove shoes outside)

नए जूते (New shoes)

जूते का डिब्बा (Shoe box)

जूते का साइज़ (Shoe size)

जूते की जोड़ी (Pair of shoes)

पुराने जूते (Old shoes)

गंदे जूते (Dirty shoes)

साफ़ जूते (Clean shoes)

तंग जूते (Tight shoes)

ढीले जूते (Loose shoes)

Souvent confondu avec

जूते vs चप्पल (Slippers)

जूते vs मोज़े (Socks)

जूते vs जूट (Jute fiber)

Expressions idiomatiques

"जूते मारना (To insult/beat)"

"जूते की नोक पर रखना (To not care about someone)"

"जूते चाटना (To flatter someone excessively)"

"जूते घिसना (To work very hard/struggle)"

"जूते खाना (To be insulted/beaten)"

"जूते में होना (To be in someone's position)"

"जूते चुपाना (Wedding ritual)"

"जूते की धूल (Something worthless)"

"जूते सिर पर रखना (To give too much respect to someone unworthy)"

"जूते की कसम (An informal oath)"

Facile à confondre

जूते vs जूट

Pronounced with a short 'u' and 't' sound.

जूते vs झूठ

Starts with 'Jh' and ends with 'ṭh'.

Structures de phrases

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Comment l'utiliser

plurality

Even if referring to the concept of shoes, use plural.

politeness

Talking about someone's shoes can be sensitive if they are dirty.

Erreurs courantes

Using 'merā' instead of 'mere' with 'जूते'.
Using 'jūtā' when you mean a pair of shoes.
Forgetting to use 'jūtoñ' with postpositions.
Pronouncing it like the English word 'jute'.
Using 'jūte' for flip-flops (chappal).

Astuces

Home Entry

Always leave shoes at the door unless told otherwise.

Agreement

Make sure your adjectives end in 'e' (e.g., kāle, naye).

Bargaining

In local markets, always bargain for shoes.

Polishing

Leather shoes need regular polishing in India's dusty climate.

Walking

Wear comfortable 'jūte' if visiting Indian monuments.

Mémorise-le

Origine du mot

Sanskrit/Prakrit

Contexte culturel

Check if the host is wearing shoes; if not, leave yours at the door.

Always look for a shoe stand (joota ghar) outside temples.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Amorces de conversation

"आपके जूते बहुत अच्छे हैं, कहाँ से लिए?"

"क्या मुझे यहाँ जूते उतारने चाहिए?"

"आपके जूतों का साइज़ क्या है?"

"क्या ये जूते आरामदायक हैं?"

"मुझे नए जूते कहाँ मिल सकते हैं?"

Sujets d'écriture

अपने पसंदीदा जूतों के बारे में लिखें।

क्या आपको जूते खरीदना पसंद है? क्यों?

एक घटना के बारे में लिखें जब आपके जूते खो गए थे।

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

It is masculine plural. The singular 'jūtā' is masculine singular.

You say 'ek jūtā'.

That is the oblique form used before postpositions like 'ko' or 'meñ'.

Usually no, 'sandal' or 'chappal' is preferred for open footwear.

A wedding game where the groom's shoes are hidden.

Phīte bāndhnā.

Yes, but 'būt' is also used.

Yes, similar to temples, shoes are removed.

Nau (9) number ke jūte dikhāiye.

A shoe-shiner is often called a 'mochī' or 'polish-wala'.

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