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B1 verb #1,500 le plus courant 12 min de lecture

प्रारंभ करना

To start or commence an action or event.

prarambh karna
At the A1 level, you are just beginning to learn Hindi. The word 'प्रारंभ करना' (prārambh karnā) might seem a bit long, but it simply means 'to start' or 'to begin'. As a beginner, you will mostly use the easier word 'शुरू करना' (shurū karnā) for everyday things. However, it is very important to recognize 'प्रारंभ करना' because you will see it on signs, in official letters, or hear it on the news. It is made of two parts: 'प्रारंभ' which means 'beginning', and 'करना' which means 'to do'. So, literally, it means 'to do a beginning'. You don't need to use this word when talking to your friends about starting a movie or starting to eat dinner. But if you are reading a formal invitation to a wedding or a school event, you will see this word. It tells you that something important is going to start. Practice recognizing it first before trying to use it in your own sentences. Just remember: 'प्रारंभ' = start. It is a good word to keep in your passive vocabulary at this stage. You will impress your teachers if you know what it means when they use it to start a class. Keep listening for it in formal announcements. It is a very polite and respectful way to talk about beginnings.
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At the A2 level, you are starting to build longer sentences and understand different types of situations in Hindi. You already know that 'प्रारंभ करना' means 'to start'. Now, you should start understanding when to use it instead of 'शुरू करना'. 'प्रारंभ करना' is formal. You use it for important events, like a meeting, a ceremony, or a new project. Grammatically, it works just like other compound verbs with 'करना'. In the present tense, you say 'मैं काम प्रारंभ करता हूँ' (I start the work). In the past tense, because 'करना' is transitive, you must use the 'ने' (ne) rule. You say 'मैंने काम प्रारंभ किया' (I started the work). Notice how 'किया' matches 'काम' (masculine singular). This is a great word to use if you want to sound polite and educated in a professional setting. If you are writing a simple email to a teacher or a boss, using 'प्रारंभ करना' shows respect. Try to practice writing a few sentences with it. For example, 'हम कल से नई कक्षा प्रारंभ करेंगे' (We will start the new class from tomorrow). It makes your Hindi sound much more mature. Keep practicing the 'ने' rule with this verb, as it is a common place where learners make mistakes.
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At the B1 level, you are expected to handle various social and professional situations in Hindi. 'प्रारंभ करना' is a crucial vocabulary item for this level because it allows you to navigate formal registers comfortably. You should now be actively using this word in appropriate contexts, such as business meetings, formal presentations, or academic discussions. The distinction between the active 'प्रारंभ करना' (to start something) and the passive/intransitive 'प्रारंभ होना' (for something to start) must be clear to you now. If you are the one initiating the action, use 'करना'. If the event is starting on its own schedule, use 'होना'. For example, 'मैनेजर ने मीटिंग प्रारंभ की' (The manager started the meeting) versus 'मीटिंग प्रारंभ हुई' (The meeting started). Notice the gender agreement: 'मीटिंग' is feminine, so it takes 'की' and 'हुई'. You should also be comfortable using this verb with infinitives, like 'वह काम प्रारंभ करने वाला है' (He is about to start the work). Using this vocabulary correctly demonstrates that you understand Hindi sociolinguistics—that you know how to adjust your language based on the formality of the situation. It elevates your speaking and writing from basic communication to nuanced expression.
At the B2 level, your command over Hindi allows you to express complex ideas and participate in detailed discussions. 'प्रारंभ करना' should be a natural part of your formal vocabulary repertoire. You are now expected to use it seamlessly in complex sentence structures, such as conditionals and relative clauses. For instance, 'यदि हम आज यह परियोजना प्रारंभ करते हैं, तो हम इसे समय पर पूरा कर लेंगे' (If we commence this project today, we will complete it on time). You should also understand its subtle differences from synonyms like 'आरंभ करना' or 'श्रीगणेश करना'. While 'आरंभ' is almost identical, 'प्रारंभ' carries a slightly stronger emphasis on the absolute beginning or initiation of a significant undertaking. You will frequently encounter this word in Hindi literature, news editorials, and official government documents. Being able to read and comprehend these texts without hesitation is a hallmark of the B2 level. Furthermore, you should be adept at using it in passive constructions, such as 'यह कार्य सरकार द्वारा प्रारंभ किया गया है' (This work has been commenced by the government). Your ability to manipulate this verb across different tenses, voices, and moods shows a high degree of fluency and cultural awareness.
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At the C1 level, you possess an advanced, near-native proficiency in Hindi. Your use of 'प्रारंभ करना' is no longer just about knowing its meaning; it's about deploying it with rhetorical precision. You understand its etymological roots in Sanskrit (प्र + आरंभ), where the prefix 'प्र' acts as an intensifier, denoting a forward movement or a primary initiation. You use this word to set a specific tone in your writing or speech—one of gravity, authority, or deep respect. In academic writing or formal debates, you use it to structure your arguments, perhaps saying 'इस चर्चा को प्रारंभ करने से पहले...' (Before commencing this discussion...). You are fully aware that using this word in a casual setting would be stylistically jarring, and you use that knowledge deliberately, perhaps for ironic or humorous effect. You can effortlessly switch between 'शुरू करना' and 'प्रारंभ करना' depending on your audience, demonstrating a sophisticated mastery of Hindi register. You also recognize its use in highly specialized contexts, such as legal or bureaucratic Hindi, where precise terminology is paramount. Your fluency allows you to appreciate the rhythmic and phonetic qualities of the word in formal oratory.
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At the C2 level, your mastery of Hindi is comprehensive and nuanced, equivalent to an educated native speaker. 'प्रारंभ करना' is a tool you use with absolute stylistic control. You appreciate its resonance in classical and modern Hindi literature. You understand how authors use it to establish a formal narrative voice or to describe the genesis of historical events. You can engage in deep linguistic discussions about the subtle semantic shifts between 'प्रारंभ', 'आरंभ', 'सूत्रपात' (sūtrapāt - laying the foundation/starting), and 'श्रीगणेश'. You use these terms not just correctly, but elegantly, choosing the exact word that fits the rhythm and emotional weight of your sentence. In professional or diplomatic settings, you use 'प्रारंभ करना' to draft official communications, treaties, or policy documents, knowing that it conveys the exact level of formal commitment required. You are also attuned to regional variations and historical shifts in its usage, recognizing how the push for 'Shuddh Hindi' (Sanskritized Hindi) in certain political and social spheres has influenced the frequency of its use in public discourse. Your command of the language allows you to use this verb flawlessly across all possible grammatical permutations and stylistic contexts.
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Exemples
The Hindi verb 'प्रारंभ करना' (prārambh karnā) translates directly to 'to start', 'to commence', or 'to begin' in English. It is a formal and highly structured term deeply rooted in Sanskrit, making it a staple in official, academic, and literary contexts. When you use this word, you are not just talking about starting something casually; you are implying a deliberate, often significant, initiation of an action, event, or process. The word is composed of two parts: 'प्रारंभ' (prārambh), which is a noun meaning 'beginning' or 'commencement', and 'करना' (karnā), the versatile Hindi verb meaning 'to do'. Together, they form a compound verb that carries a weight of formality and intention. Understanding the nuances of this verb requires looking at its application across various domains, from business meetings to religious ceremonies. In everyday conversational Hindi, people might prefer the Urdu-derived 'शुरू करना' (shurū karnā), but 'प्रारंभ करना' elevates the register of the speech, showing respect for the event or the audience.

हमें आज का कार्यक्रम प्रारंभ करना चाहिए।

This formal tone is precisely why it is heavily featured in news broadcasts, government announcements, and formal invitations. The act of beginning something is universally significant, but in Indian culture, the commencement of an event often carries auspicious undertones.
Formal Context
Used in official documents, academic settings, and formal speeches to indicate the start of a significant event.
Therefore, using this specific verb aligns the speaker with a tradition of mindfulness regarding new beginnings.

अध्यक्ष महोदय ने सभा प्रारंभ करना उचित समझा।

When learners first encounter this word, they often wonder when to use it over its more common synonyms. The key lies in the atmosphere of the situation. If you are starting a car or a casual game, this word is too heavy. However, if you are inaugurating a new building, starting a conference, or beginning a religious ritual, it is the perfect choice.
Auspicious Beginnings
Often associated with starting something with good intentions, such as a puja or a new business venture.
The grammatical structure is straightforward for anyone familiar with Hindi compound verbs. The noun part 'प्रारंभ' remains constant, while the verb 'करना' conjugates according to tense, aspect, gender, and number.

उन्होंने अपना नया व्यापार प्रारंभ करना तय किया है।

This makes it highly adaptable. Furthermore, the noun 'प्रारंभ' can be used independently, such as in the phrase 'प्रारंभ में' (in the beginning). This flexibility is a hallmark of Sanskrit-derived vocabulary in Hindi. To truly master this word, one must practice it in various tenses and recognize its appearance in written texts.

सरकार ने नई योजना प्रारंभ करना स्वीकार किया है।

Reading Hindi newspapers or listening to formal news broadcasts is an excellent way to see this word in action.
Media Usage
Frequently utilized by journalists and news anchors to describe the initiation of government policies or large-scale projects.
It elevates the discourse, providing a sense of gravity and importance to the subject matter being discussed.

हमें अपनी पढ़ाई तुरंत प्रारंभ करना आवश्यक है।

In conclusion, while it simply means 'to start', its cultural and linguistic weight makes it an essential vocabulary item for anyone aiming to achieve a B1 or higher proficiency in Hindi, allowing for more nuanced and context-appropriate communication.
Using 'प्रारंभ करना' correctly involves understanding its grammatical behavior as a conjunct verb in Hindi. A conjunct verb consists of a noun or adjective followed by a verb, most commonly 'करना' (to do) or 'होना' (to be/happen). In this case, 'प्रारंभ' is a masculine singular noun. When you use 'प्रारंभ करना', the verb 'करना' must agree with the subject in non-perfective tenses, but in perfective tenses (like simple past), Hindi uses the ergative case (ने - ne) for transitive verbs. Because 'करना' is transitive, the subject takes 'ने', and the verb agrees with the direct object.

मैंने काम प्रारंभ करना शुरू कर दिया है।

However, if you say 'मैंने काम प्रारंभ किया' (I started the work), 'किया' agrees with the masculine singular noun 'काम'. This grammatical nuance is crucial for learners to master.
Transitivity
As a transitive compound verb, it requires the 'ने' (ne) construction in perfective tenses, making object agreement essential.
Beyond grammar, the context of usage dictates its appropriateness. It is highly suitable for professional environments. If you are writing an email to a colleague or a superior about starting a new project, this is the ideal phrase.

कंपनी ने नया उत्पादन प्रारंभ करना सुनिश्चित किया है।

It conveys professionalism and respect. Conversely, using it with friends while deciding to start eating dinner might sound overly dramatic or humorous. Another important aspect of usage is its passive counterpart, 'प्रारंभ होना' (to be started / to commence). If the focus is on the event itself rather than who is starting it, you switch 'करना' to 'होना'.
Passive Voice
Switching to 'होना' changes the meaning to an intransitive state, useful for schedules and automated events.
For example, 'कार्यक्रम प्रारंभ हुआ' means 'the program commenced'. This duality is very common in Hindi and expands your expressive capabilities significantly.

हमें इस विषय पर चर्चा प्रारंभ करना है।

When constructing sentences, you can also use it with infinitives. For instance, 'वह काम प्रारंभ करने वाला है' (He is about to start the work). The 'ने वाला' construction works seamlessly with this verb. It is also frequently paired with adverbs of time, such as 'शीघ्र' (soon) or 'आज' (today), to specify when the commencement will occur.

समिति ने जांच प्रारंभ करना आवश्यक माना।

Furthermore, in academic writing, you will often see it used to introduce a new topic or chapter.
Academic Writing
Serves as a formal transition phrase in essays and research papers to indicate the beginning of a new argument or section.
Mastering the use of 'प्रारंभ करना' involves not just knowing its translation, but understanding its grammatical requirements, its register, and its pairing with other grammatical structures to form complex, native-sounding sentences.

अब हमें अपना सफर प्रारंभ करना होगा।

Practice writing formal sentences to get comfortable with its specific nuances.
The phrase 'प्रारंभ करना' is ubiquitous in environments that demand a certain level of decorum, formality, and respect. If you tune into a Hindi news channel, especially the national broadcaster Doordarshan, you will hear this word multiple times an hour. News anchors use it to describe the launching of government schemes, the start of parliamentary sessions, or the commencement of international summits.

प्रधानमंत्री ने नई योजना प्रारंभ करना घोषित किया।

It is the preferred terminology for officialdom. You will also encounter it extensively in written Hindi, particularly in newspapers, formal invitations, and literature. Wedding invitations in India, which are often written in highly formal and traditional Hindi, frequently use this word to denote the start of the ceremonies.
Invitations
Standard vocabulary in wedding cards and event invites to formally announce the starting time of rituals or receptions.
In the corporate world, particularly in companies that operate primarily in Hindi-speaking regions or deal with government contracts, 'प्रारंभ करना' is standard in emails, reports, and presentations.

मैनेजर ने मीटिंग प्रारंभ करना चाहा।

It conveys a sense of professional seriousness that 'शुरू करना' might lack in a highly formal context. Educational institutions are another major domain where this word thrives. Teachers and professors use it when starting a new syllabus, a lecture, or an examination. 'परीक्षा प्रारंभ होने वाली है' (The examination is about to commence) is a sentence every Indian student has heard. Furthermore, in religious and cultural contexts, this word is paramount. When a priest begins a puja (prayer ritual) or a cultural festival is inaugurated, 'प्रारंभ' is the word of choice because it carries a pure, Sanskritized resonance that aligns with sacred activities.
Religious Ceremonies
Used to denote the auspicious beginning of rituals, prayers, and traditional festivals, respecting the sanctity of the event.
You will rarely hear this word in casual street conversations, Bollywood songs (unless they are historical or highly poetic), or informal chats among friends.

पुजारी जी ने पूजा प्रारंभ करना शुरू किया।

It belongs to the 'Shuddh Hindi' (Pure Hindi) register. Understanding where you hear it helps you understand its sociolinguistic value. It is a marker of education, formality, and respect for tradition.
Historical Dramas
Scriptwriters use this vocabulary to create an authentic atmosphere for stories set in ancient or medieval India.
By paying attention to these contexts, learners can naturally acquire the intuition for when to deploy this powerful verb.

राजा ने युद्ध प्रारंभ करना का आदेश दिया।

Next time you read a Hindi document, keep an eye out for it.

हमें नया अध्याय प्रारंभ करना है।

It is a clear indicator that the text is meant to be taken seriously.
When learning 'प्रारंभ करना', students frequently make a few predictable errors, mostly related to register, grammar, and pronunciation. The most common mistake is using it in overly casual situations. Because learners often memorize vocabulary lists without context, they might say 'मैं खाना प्रारंभ कर रहा हूँ' (I am commencing eating food) instead of the natural 'मैं खाना शुरू कर रहा हूँ' or simply 'मैं खा रहा हूँ'. This sounds highly unnatural and often comical to native speakers, akin to saying 'I shall commence the consumption of my sandwich' in English.

गलत समय पर प्रारंभ करना हास्यास्पद हो सकता है।

Register mismatch is a classic hallmark of a non-native speaker.
Register Error
Using highly formal Sanskritized Hindi in casual, everyday situations where Urdu-derived or simpler vocabulary is expected.
Another frequent grammatical error involves the 'ने' (ne) construction in the past tense. Since 'करना' is transitive, sentences in the simple past must use 'ने' with the subject. Learners often forget this and say 'मैं काम प्रारंभ किया' instead of the correct 'मैंने काम प्रारंभ किया'. Furthermore, learners sometimes struggle with object agreement in these 'ने' sentences. The verb 'किया' must agree with the object, not the subject.

छात्रों ने परीक्षा प्रारंभ करना सीख लिया है।

Pronunciation is another hurdle. The word is 'प्रारंभ' (prārambh), not 'प्रारम' (prāram) or 'परारंभ' (parārambh). The 'प्र' (pra) is a consonant cluster that needs to be pronounced smoothly, and the 'ंभ' (mbh) at the end requires a clear bilabial aspiration.
Pronunciation Focus
Ensure the 'r' in 'pra' is distinct and the final 'bh' is aspirated; do not swallow the ending sounds.
Mispronouncing it diminishes the formal impact the word is supposed to carry.

सही उच्चारण के साथ प्रारंभ करना महत्वपूर्ण है।

Additionally, learners sometimes confuse 'प्रारंभ करना' (transitive: to start something) with 'प्रारंभ होना' (intransitive: for something to start). Saying 'मीटिंग प्रारंभ कर रही है' (The meeting is starting [something]) is incorrect; it should be 'मीटिंग प्रारंभ हो रही है' (The meeting is starting/commencing). Distinguishing between the active and passive/intransitive forms is vital for fluency.
Active vs Passive
Always verify if an agent is performing the action (करना) or if the action is simply occurring (होना).
By avoiding these common pitfalls, learners can use this sophisticated vocabulary item with confidence and precision.

व्याकरण की गलतियों के बिना प्रारंभ करना सीखें।

Practice with native texts to solidify these rules.

अभ्यास प्रारंभ करना सफलता की कुंजी है।

Consistent practice eliminates these errors over time.
Hindi offers a rich tapestry of vocabulary, and there are several ways to say 'to start' or 'to begin', each with its own specific flavor and context. The most direct and common synonym is 'शुरू करना' (shurū karnā). This is an Urdu-derived word that is used in almost all everyday conversational contexts.
शुरू करना (Shuru Karna)
The most common, everyday term for starting something. Suitable for informal and semi-formal contexts. It lacks the heavy formality of 'प्रारंभ'.
If you are starting a car, starting to eat, or starting a casual conversation, 'शुरू करना' is the word you want.

हमेशा सही शब्द से वाक्य प्रारंभ करना चाहिए।

Another closely related Sanskrit-derived word is 'आरंभ करना' (ārambh karnā). 'आरंभ' and 'प्रारंभ' are often used interchangeably, but 'प्रारंभ' carries a slightly stronger sense of a 'first' or 'primary' beginning due to the prefix 'प्र' (pra), which acts as an intensifier. You might also encounter 'श्रीगणेश करना' (shrīgaṇesh karnā). This is an idiomatic expression meaning 'to begin', deeply rooted in Hindu culture where Lord Ganesha is worshipped before starting any new venture.
श्रीगणेश करना (Shriganesh Karna)
An idiomatic and culturally rich way to say 'to start', invoking the deity of new beginnings. Used for auspicious starts.
It is less about the mechanical act of starting and more about the auspicious initiation of a project.

शुभ कार्य प्रारंभ करना हमेशा अच्छा होता है।

Another term is 'शुरुआत करना' (shuruāt karnā), which uses the noun form 'शुरुआत' (beginning). It is very similar to 'शुरू करना' but emphasizes the 'act of beginning' a bit more. For launching or inaugurating, you might use 'उद्घाटन करना' (udghāṭan karnā). This is strictly for physical inaugurations, like opening a new shop or a bridge.
उद्घाटन करना (Udghatan Karna)
Specifically means 'to inaugurate'. Used for official openings of buildings, events, or public works.
You would not use 'उद्घाटन करना' to start a conversation or a book.

नया व्यापार प्रारंभ करना एक बड़ी चुनौती है।

Understanding these distinctions allows a learner to navigate the sociolinguistic landscape of Hindi effectively. Choosing between 'शुरू', 'आरंभ', 'प्रारंभ', and 'श्रीगणेश' demonstrates a deep mastery of context, tone, and cultural nuance.

सही विकल्प के साथ प्रारंभ करना बुद्धिमानी है।

It elevates your Hindi from merely functional to truly expressive and native-like.

अब तुलना प्रारंभ करना आसान हो गया है।

Keep these synonyms in mind to enrich your vocabulary.
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Exemples par niveau

1

मैं काम प्रारंभ करता हूँ।

I start the work.

Present simple tense, masculine subject.

2

वह खेल प्रारंभ करती है।

She starts the game.

Present simple tense, feminine subject.

3

हम पढ़ाई प्रारंभ करते हैं।

We start studying.

Present simple tense, plural subject.

4

आप मीटिंग प्रारंभ करें।

You start the meeting. (Formal)

Imperative formal.

5

क्या मैं प्रारंभ करूँ?

Shall I start?

Subjunctive mood for asking permission.

6

वे फिल्म प्रारंभ करते हैं।

They start the movie.

Present simple, plural subject.

7

जल्दी प्रारंभ करो।

Start quickly. (Informal)

Imperative informal.

8

मुझे काम प्रारंभ करना है।

I have to start work.

Infinitive used for compulsion.

1

मैंने कल नया काम प्रारंभ किया।

I started a new job yesterday.

Past tense with 'ne' rule, object agreement (masculine).

2

उसने कहानी प्रारंभ की।

He/She started the story.

Past tense with 'ne' rule, object agreement (feminine).

3

हम कल से यात्रा प्रारंभ करेंगे।

We will start the journey from tomorrow.

Future tense, plural.

4

कृपया अपना भाषण प्रारंभ करें।

Please commence your speech.

Formal request.

5

उन्होंने बैठक प्रारंभ नहीं की।

They did not start the meeting.

Negative past tense.

6

क्या आपने प्रोजेक्ट प्रारंभ किया?

Did you start the project?

Interrogative past tense.

7

वह अपना व्यापार प्रारंभ कर रहा है।

He is starting his business.

Present continuous tense.

8

हमें अब प्रारंभ करना चाहिए।

We should start now.

Using 'chahiye' for suggestion.

1

अध्यक्ष महोदय ने सभा प्रारंभ करने की घोषणा की।

The chairman announced the commencement of the meeting.

Complex sentence with infinitive phrase.

2

जैसे ही बारिश रुकी, हमने मैच प्रारंभ किया।

As soon as the rain stopped, we started the match.

Conditional/Time clause.

3

सरकार ने एक नई स्वास्थ्य योजना प्रारंभ की है।

The government has commenced a new health scheme.

Present perfect tense.

4

बिना तैयारी के कोई भी कार्य प्रारंभ करना उचित नहीं है।

It is not proper to start any work without preparation.

Infinitive used as a gerund/subject.

5

उन्होंने मुझे तुरंत काम प्रारंभ करने का निर्देश दिया।

They instructed me to start the work immediately.

Infinitive with postposition 'ka'.

6

कार्यक्रम निर्धारित समय पर प्रारंभ किया जाएगा।

The program will be commenced at the scheduled time.

Passive voice, future tense.

7

मैं अपना खुद का व्यवसाय प्रारंभ करने की सोच रहा हूँ।

I am thinking of starting my own business.

Infinitive with 'ki soch raha'.

8

शांति वार्ता अगले सप्ताह प्रारंभ होने की उम्मीद है।

Peace talks are expected to commence next week.

Passive construction with 'ki ummid hai'.

1

यदि आवश्यक धन प्राप्त हो जाता है, तो हम निर्माण प्रारंभ कर देंगे।

If the necessary funds are received, we will commence construction.

Conditional sentence (Yadi... to).

2

इस ऐतिहासिक ग्रंथ को प्रारंभ करने से पूर्व, लेखक ने ईश्वर की वंदना की।

Before commencing this historical text, the author prayed to God.

Prepositional phrase 'se purv' with infinitive.

3

विपक्ष के विरोध के बावजूद, संसद का सत्र प्रारंभ किया गया।

Despite the opposition's protest, the parliamentary session was commenced.

Concessive clause 'ke bavjud' with passive voice.

4

यह सुनिश्चित करना महत्वपूर्ण है कि सभी सुरक्षा उपाय प्रारंभ करने से पहले लागू हों।

It is important to ensure that all safety measures are in place before commencing.

Complex sentence with 'ki' clause.

5

कंपनी ने अंतरराष्ट्रीय बाजार में अपनी सेवाएं प्रारंभ करने का साहसिक कदम उठाया है।

The company has taken the bold step of commencing its services in the international market.

Extended noun phrase with infinitive.

6

जांच समिति ने अपना कार्य प्रारंभ कर दिया है और जल्द ही रिपोर्ट सौंपेगी।

The inquiry committee has commenced its work and will submit the report soon.

Compound sentence with perfective aspect.

7

नई शिक्षा नीति के तहत, कई नए पाठ्यक्रम प्रारंभ किए जा रहे हैं।

Under the new education policy, many new courses are being commenced.

Passive continuous tense.

8

उन्होंने अपने भाषण को एक प्रसिद्ध कविता से प्रारंभ करना उचित समझा।

He considered it appropriate to commence his speech with a famous poem.

Infinitive phrase as the object of 'uchit samjha'.

1

समारोह का औपचारिक रूप से प्रारंभ करना न केवल एक परंपरा है, बल्कि सम्मान का प्रतीक भी है।

Formally commencing the ceremony is not just a tradition, but also a symbol of respect.

Correlative conjunction 'na keval... balki'.

2

आर्थिक मंदी के इस दौर में किसी भी नए उद्यम को प्रारंभ करना जोखिम भरा हो सकता है।

In this era of economic recession, commencing any new enterprise can be risky.

Complex subject using infinitive phrase.

3

लेखक ने अपनी आत्मकथा को अपने बचपन के संघर्षों का वर्णन करते हुए प्रारंभ किया है।

The author has commenced his autobiography by describing his childhood struggles.

Present participle 'karte hue' modifying the main verb.

4

न्यायालय ने मामले की सुनवाई बिना किसी और विलंब के प्रारंभ करने का आदेश पारित किया।

The court passed an order to commence the hearing of the case without any further delay.

Formal legal register with complex postpositional phrases.

5

इस परियोजना को सफलतापूर्वक प्रारंभ करने का श्रेय पूरी टीम के अथक प्रयासों को जाता है।

The credit for successfully commencing this project goes to the tireless efforts of the entire team.

Advanced vocabulary 'shrey' (credit) and 'athak' (tireless).

6

यह विवाद तब प्रारंभ हुआ जब दोनों पक्षों ने समझौते की शर्तों की अलग-अलग व्याख्या की।

This dispute commenced when both parties interpreted the terms of the agreement differently.

Time clause 'tab... jab' with complex vocabulary.

7

वैज्ञानिकों ने ब्रह्मांड की उत्पत्ति के रहस्यों को सुलझाने के लिए एक नया शोध प्रारंभ किया है।

Scientists have commenced a new research to unravel the mysteries of the origin of the universe.

Purpose clause with 'ke liye'.

8

सांस्कृतिक पुनरुत्थान के इस आंदोलन को प्रारंभ करने वाले विचारकों को आज भी याद किया जाता है।

The thinkers who commenced this movement of cultural renaissance are remembered even today.

Relative clause reduced to a participle phrase 'praramabh karne vale'.

1

किसी भी महाकाव्य को प्रारंभ करने से पूर्व मंगलाचरण की परंपरा भारतीय साहित्य की एक विशिष्ट पहचान रही है।

The tradition of an invocation before commencing any epic has been a distinct hallmark of Indian literature.

Highly formal literary register with Sanskritized vocabulary.

2

नवजागरण काल के साहित्यकारों ने समाज में व्याप्त कुरीतियों के विरुद्ध एक वैचारिक क्रांति प्रारंभ करने का बीड़ा उठाया।

The litterateurs of the Renaissance period took up the mantle of commencing an ideological revolution against the prevailing social evils.

Idiomatic expression 'beeda uthana' with complex abstract nouns.

3

कूटनीतिक वार्ता को उस बिंदु से पुनः प्रारंभ करना अत्यंत दुष्कर प्रतीत होता है जहाँ वह पिछली बार विफल हुई थी।

It seems extremely difficult to recommence diplomatic talks from the point where they failed last time.

Complex relative clause 'jahan... thi' with formal vocabulary 'dushkar'.

4

दार्शनिक दृष्टिकोण से देखें तो, जीवन के वास्तविक अर्थ की खोज को प्रारंभ करना ही मनुष्य का परम लक्ष्य होना चाहिए।

Viewed from a philosophical perspective, commencing the search for the true meaning of life should be the ultimate goal of a human being.

Philosophical register with conditional framing 'dekhein to'.

5

संविधान सभा ने एक संप्रभु राष्ट्र के लिए नए कानूनों का मसौदा तैयार करने का ऐतिहासिक कार्य प्रारंभ किया।

The Constituent Assembly commenced the historic task of drafting new laws for a sovereign nation.

Historical/Political register with terms like 'samprabhu' and 'masouda'.

6

यह विडंबना ही है कि जिस शांति प्रक्रिया को इतने उत्साह के साथ प्रारंभ किया गया था, वह अंततः निरर्थक सिद्ध हुई।

It is an irony that the peace process which was commenced with such enthusiasm ultimately proved futile.

Complex sentence structure highlighting irony ('vidambana hi hai ki').

7

आधुनिक कला के इस नए युग को प्रारंभ करने का श्रेय उन गिने-चुने चित्रकारों को जाता है जिन्होंने स्थापित मानदंडों को चुनौती दी।

The credit for commencing this new era of modern art goes to those select few painters who challenged the established norms.

Relative clause 'jinhone...' defining a specific group.

8

वैश्वीकरण के इस दौर में, किसी भी स्थानीय उद्यम को वैश्विक स्तर पर प्रारंभ करने के लिए बहुआयामी रणनीति की आवश्यकता होती है।

In this era of globalization, commencing any local enterprise on a global scale requires a multidimensional strategy.

Business/Economic register with 'bahuayami' (multidimensional).

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