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B1 adjective 11 min de lecture

総合的

sougouteki

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces 総合的 en 30 secondes

Explication 総合的 in your Level:

At the A1 level, the word '総合的' (sōgōteki) might be a bit difficult because it is usually used in formal situations. However, you can think of it as a very polite way to say 'together' or 'all-in-one.' Imagine you have a big box of many different toys. If you look at all the toys as one big collection, that is a 'sōgō' (total) view. You will mostly see this word on signs or in names of buildings. For example, a 'Sōgō Hospital' is a big hospital that has many types of doctors, like eye doctors, heart doctors, and skin doctors, all in one place. At this level, you do not need to use the word yourself, but if you see it, just remember it means 'many things joined together to make one big thing.' It is like a 'super' version of the word 'zenbu' (all). You might see it in a sentence like 'This is a comprehensive book,' which means the book has many different topics inside it. Just remember the 'sō' sounds like 'so many' and 'gō' sounds like 'go together.' It is a word for when things are combined.

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At the A2 level, you can start to understand '総合的' as an adjective that means 'comprehensive' or 'general.' You might hear it when people talk about 'Sōgōteki na Gakushū' in schools, which is a class where students study many different things at the same time. Grammatically, it is a 'na-adjective.' This means you say 'sōgōteki na' before a noun. For example, 'sōgōteki na tesuto' would be a 'comprehensive test' that covers many chapters of a textbook. You can also use it to describe a big store or a big center. If a sports center has a pool, a gym, and a track, it is called a 'sōgō taiikukan.' At this level, try to recognize that 'sōgōteki' is more formal than 'iroiro' (various) or 'zenbu' (all). It suggests that the things are not just a random group, but they belong together. If you use this word, you will sound very smart and organized. Just remember: if you are talking about one big thing made of many parts, 'sōgōteki' is a great word to use.

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At the B1 level, you should be able to use '総合的' (sōgōteki) in both its adjective form (na) and its adverbial form (ni). This word is very important for the JLPT N3 and N2 levels. It means 'comprehensive,' 'holistic,' or 'integrated.' You should use it when you want to talk about making a decision after thinking about many different factors. A common phrase is 'sōgōteki na handan' (a comprehensive judgment). For example, if you are choosing a university, you don't just look at the price. You look at the location, the teachers, and the reputation. When you consider all of these together, you are making a 'sōgōteki na' choice. You will also see this word in the news when they talk about 'sōgōteki na taisaku' (comprehensive measures) to solve a problem like climate change. It implies that the solution isn't just one simple thing, but a mix of many different actions. At this level, focus on using 'sōgōteki ni kangaeru' (to think comprehensively) when you want to show that you are being thoughtful and looking at the big picture.

At the B2 level, '総合的' becomes a key tool for academic and professional communication. You should understand that it doesn't just mean 'including everything,' but specifically refers to the 'synthesis' of information. It is often contrasted with 'bunsekiteki' (analytical), which means breaking things down into parts. 'Sōgōteki' is about putting those parts back together to see the whole system. In a business context, you might discuss a 'sōgōteki na hyōka' (comprehensive evaluation) of a project, which includes financial ROI, social impact, and long-term sustainability. You should also be aware of its usage in phrases like 'sōgōteki na nōryoku' (comprehensive ability), which describes someone who is well-rounded rather than just a specialist. At this level, you should be able to explain the difference between 'sōgōteki' and 'mōrateki' (exhaustive). While 'mōrateki' is about the quantity of items covered, 'sōgōteki' is about the quality of how those items are integrated. Using this word correctly in essays or presentations will demonstrate a high level of linguistic sophistication and a capacity for systemic thinking.

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At the C1 level, you are expected to use '総合的' (sōgōteki) with precision in complex arguments. You should be able to navigate the nuances between 'sōgōteki,' 'hōkatsuteki' (inclusive/comprehensive), and 'zentaitéki' (overall). In C1 level discourse, 'sōgōteki' often appears in the context of 'sōgōteki na chi' (integrated knowledge), a philosophical concept about combining different fields of study to understand the human condition. You might use it when critiquing a policy, arguing that it lacks a 'sōgōteki na shiten' (comprehensive perspective) because it ignores the environmental impact in favor of economic gain. You should also be comfortable using the noun form 'sōgō' (synthesis/integration) and the verb 'sōgō suru' (to synthesize). For example, 'Various opinions were synthesized (sōgō sareta) to create the final plan.' At this level, the word is not just a vocabulary item but a conceptual framework for discussing complexity, interdependency, and systemic balance in society, science, and the arts. Your usage should reflect an understanding that 'sōgōteki' implies a deliberate act of intellectual coordination.

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At the C2 level, '総合的' (sōgōteki) is used to articulate highly nuanced positions in professional, legal, and academic Japanese. You will encounter it in supreme court rulings where 'sōgōteki na handan' is used to describe the weighting of various conflicting rights and social interests. It is a hallmark of the 'bureaucratic' style of Japanese (kanryō-go), where it serves to indicate a multi-layered, non-reductive approach to governance. You should be able to use it to describe the 'sōgōteki na anzen hoshō' (comprehensive national security), a doctrine that integrates military, economic, and energy security. Furthermore, you should be able to play with the word's connotations—perhaps using it to gently critique a plan for being 'too broad' or 'lacking focus' by ironically calling it 'merely sōgōteki.' At this level, you are not just using the word; you are aware of its rhetorical power to project an image of authority, balance, and thoroughness. You can use it to bridge disparate academic disciplines or to synthesize complex data sets into a singular, compelling narrative in a high-stakes corporate or political environment. Mastery at C2 means using 'sōgōteki' to define the very scope and depth of a discourse.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

総合的 en 30 secondes

総合的 (sōgōteki) means 'comprehensive' or 'holistic.' It describes things that integrate many parts into a single, unified whole, especially in formal business or academic contexts.
As a na-adjective, it becomes 'sōgōteki na' before nouns and 'sōgōteki ni' before verbs. It is essential for expressing balanced judgments and multi-faceted thinking.
It is commonly used in phrases like 'comprehensive judgment' (sōgōteki na handan) and 'comprehensive hospital' (sōgō byōin). It implies a high level of thoroughness and coordination.
Unlike 'zentaitéki' (overall), which focuses on the big picture, 'sōgōteki' emphasizes the active process of synthesizing different components to create that big picture.

The Japanese word 総合的 (そうごうてき - sōgōteki) is an essential adjective for anyone moving beyond basic Japanese into the intermediate and advanced realms. At its core, it translates to 'comprehensive,' 'holistic,' or 'synthetic.' However, its usage in Japanese carries a specific nuance of bringing together various separate elements to form a unified, coherent whole. Unlike words that simply mean 'all' or 'everything,' 総合的 implies a process of integration and coordination. It is the difference between having a pile of parts and having a fully functioning machine. When you use this word, you are suggesting that you have looked at a situation from every possible angle—financial, emotional, social, and practical—and synthesized those views into one single perspective.

Core Concept: The act of synthesis (総合) combined with the adjectival suffix (的) to describe a multi-faceted approach.

In daily life, you will encounter this word frequently in news reports, business meetings, and educational contexts. For instance, a doctor might provide a sōgōteki diagnosis after reviewing blood tests, X-rays, and physical symptoms. In the business world, a manager might make a sōgōteki na handan (comprehensive judgment) regarding a new project, considering not just the potential profit but also the brand reputation and employee workload. It is a word that commands respect because it signals that the speaker is not being narrow-minded or hasty.

この問題については、総合的な判断が必要です。(Kono mondai ni tsuite wa, sōgōteki na handan ga hitsuyō desu.)

Translation: A comprehensive judgment is necessary regarding this problem.

Furthermore, the term is deeply embedded in the Japanese educational system through the 'Period for Integrated Studies' (総合的な学習の時間 - Sōgōteki na Gakushū no Jikan). This is a time in schools where students engage in cross-curricular projects, combining science, history, and social studies to solve real-world problems. This highlight how the word is used to bridge the gap between siloed departments. It encourages a way of thinking that is not just about memorizing facts but about understanding how those facts interact within a larger system. Whether you are discussing politics, health, or personal growth, calling something sōgōteki elevates the conversation to a level of systemic analysis.

Cultural Nuance: Japanese culture highly values harmony (wa) and the balance of various factors, making this word a linguistic cornerstone for expressing balanced viewpoints.

健康を維持するためには、総合的なアプローチが大切です。(Kenkō o iji suru tame ni wa, sōgōteki na apurōchi ga taisetsu desu.)

Translation: A holistic approach is important for maintaining health.

In summary, sōgōteki is your go-to word for anything that involves looking at the 'forest' rather than just the 'trees.' It is used when individual parts are synthesized into a greater whole, making it an indispensable tool for formal communication, academic writing, and thoughtful personal reflection in Japanese.

Using 総合的 correctly requires understanding its grammatical function as a na-adjective. This means that when it modifies a noun, you must add 'na' (総合的な), and when it functions as an adverb, you use 'ni' (総合的に). Because it is a formal and somewhat abstract word, it is most commonly found in professional, academic, or serious contexts. However, its versatility allows it to be applied to a wide range of subjects, from medical checkups to urban planning.

Grammar Pattern 1: Modifying Nouns: [総合的な] + [Noun] (e.g., 総合的な判断 - Comprehensive judgment)

One of the most common pairings is with the noun handan (判断 - judgment). In Japanese business etiquette, decisions are rarely made based on a single factor. Instead, leaders emphasize that they have made a 'comprehensive judgment.' This phrase serves as a linguistic shield, suggesting that all risks and benefits have been weighed. For example, if a company decides not to enter a new market despite high potential profits, they might say, 'After considering the political climate and our current resources, we reached a comprehensive judgment to wait.'

政府は、総合的な対策を打ち出しました。(Seifu wa, sōgōteki na taisaku o uchidashimashita.)

Translation: The government has proposed comprehensive measures.

Grammar Pattern 2: Adverbial Use: [総合的に] + [Verb] (e.g., 総合的に考える - To think comprehensively)

When used as an adverb, sōgōteki ni describes the manner in which an action is performed. It often precedes verbs like kangaeru (think), hyōka suru (evaluate), or kentō suru (consider). This usage is vital when you want to emphasize the process of synthesis. Instead of just saying 'I thought about it,' saying 'I thought about it comprehensively' implies a much deeper level of intellectual labor. It suggests that you didn't just look at the surface details but connected the dots between various disparate pieces of information.

多角的な視点から、総合的に検討する必要があります。(Takakuteki na shiten kara, sōgōteki ni kentō suru hitsuyō ga arimasu.)

Translation: It is necessary to consider it comprehensively from multiple perspectives.

Lastly, consider its use in the medical field. A sōgō byōin is a general hospital that treats all kinds of ailments, but a sōgōteki na shindan is a holistic diagnosis. If you are learning Japanese for professional use, mastering these patterns will allow you to participate in high-level discussions where nuance and thoroughness are prized. Remember: sōgōteki isn't just about 'more' information; it's about 'integrated' information.

You will hear 総合的 (sōgōteki) in environments where big-picture thinking is required. One of the most common places is the Japanese nightly news (報道番組 - hōdō bangumi). When announcers discuss government policies or economic shifts, they frequently use sōgōteki to describe the scope of new laws or the state of the market. For example, during a budget announcement, you might hear about 'sōgōteki na keizai taisaku' (comprehensive economic measures), which indicates that the plan includes everything from tax breaks to infrastructure spending.

News Context: Used to describe wide-ranging government initiatives or complex social issues.

Another major setting is the Japanese workplace (職場 - shokuba). During quarterly reviews or project planning sessions, the word is used to ensure that no department is being ignored. A project leader might say, 'We need to look at this comprehensively,' to signal that the marketing team and the engineering team need to stop working in silos and start collaborating. It is a word that calls for unity. In this sense, sōgōteki acts as a linguistic bridge, pulling together different corporate functions into a single strategy.

このプロジェクトの成功には、総合的な視点が欠かせません。(Kono purojekuto no seikō ni wa, sōgōteki na shiten ga kakasemasen.)

Translation: A comprehensive perspective is indispensable for the success of this project.

In the world of Japanese education, the word is almost a household name due to the 'Period for Integrated Studies.' If you are a parent in Japan or a teacher, you will hear this word constantly during school orientations. Teachers will explain how they aim to develop a student's 'sōgōteki na chikara' (comprehensive strength or ability). This refers to a student's ability to apply knowledge from various subjects to solve a single problem. It represents a shift away from rote memorization toward critical, integrated thinking.

Finally, you will encounter it in the health and wellness industry. Modern Japanese clinics often promote 'sōgōteki na kenkō sapōto' (comprehensive health support). This usually means they offer not just medical treatment, but also nutritional advice, exercise plans, and mental health counseling. In all these contexts, the word sōgōteki serves as a promise of quality and thoroughness, assuring the listener that every detail has been considered and woven into the final result.

Common Collocations: 総合的な判断 (Comprehensive judgment), 総合的な評価 (Comprehensive evaluation), 総合的な理解 (Comprehensive understanding).

While 総合的 (sōgōteki) is a powerful word, learners often misuse it by confusing it with other words that mean 'total' or 'whole.' The most common mistake is using sōgōteki when you actually mean zentaitéki (全体的). While they both translate to 'overall' or 'general,' they have different focuses. Zentaitéki refers to the whole as a single unit without necessarily focusing on the parts. Sōgōteki, on the other hand, emphasizes that the parts have been synthesized or integrated. If you say 'the weather is overall good,' you use zentaitéki. If you say 'the city planning is comprehensive,' you use sōgōteki.

Mistake #1: Sōgōteki vs. Zentaitéki: Use 'zentaitéki' for general impressions; use 'sōgōteki' for integrated systems or judgments.

Another frequent error is confusing it with hōkatsuteki (包括的 - inclusive/comprehensive). While very similar, hōkatsuteki is often used in legal or technical contexts to mean 'covering all items in a list.' It is more about 'containment.' Sōgōteki is more about 'harmony' and 'balance' between the items. For example, a 'comprehensive insurance policy' that covers many items is often called hōkatsuteki, but a 'comprehensive health check' that looks at how your organs work together is sōgōteki.

❌ 全体的な判断 (Zentaitéki na handan) - Sounds like a 'general' guess.
✅ 総合的な判断 (Sōgōteki na handan) - Sounds like a professional, well-weighed decision.

Learners also sometimes forget the 'na' or 'ni' particles. Remember that sōgōteki is a na-adjective. Saying 'sōgōteki hito' is incorrect; it must be 'sōgōteki na hito' (though describing a person as 'comprehensive' is rare; you'd likely describe their 'vision' or 'judgment' instead). Additionally, avoid using it in very casual, low-stakes situations. Using sōgōteki to describe why you chose a specific sandwich for lunch will sound overly dramatic or jokingly academic. Stick to 'all-in-all' (kekkyoku) or 'generally' (daitai) for casual talk.

Finally, be careful not to confuse it with mōrateki (網羅的 - exhaustive). Mōrateki means you have listed every single item without exception—like a dictionary. Sōgōteki doesn't necessarily mean you listed everything, but that you integrated the most important parts into a meaningful whole. Understanding these subtle boundaries will help you use the word with the precision of a native speaker.

To truly master 総合的 (sōgōteki), you should know its synonyms and how they differ. Japanese has several words for 'comprehensive' or 'total,' each with its own flavor. By choosing the right one, you can express exactly what kind of 'wholeness' you are talking about. Let's look at the most common alternatives.

1. 全体的 (Zentaitéki): Focus: The overall impression or the whole unit.
Example: 全体的な雰囲気 (Overall atmosphere).
Difference: It does not imply the synthesis of parts, just the big-picture view.

Zentaitéki is perfect for when you want to describe a general feeling or a macroscopic view. If you look at a painting and say the 'overall' color is blue, you use zentaitéki. It's less 'academic' than sōgōteki.

2. 包括的 (Hōkatsuteki): Focus: Inclusivity and coverage.
Example: 包括的な契約 (A comprehensive/all-inclusive contract).
Difference: It is more about 'including everything' within a boundary, often used in law or policy.

このレポートは、市場の動向を網羅的に調査しています。(Kono repōto wa, shijō no dōkō o mōrateki ni chōsa shite imasu.)

Note: Using 'mōrateki' here means 'exhaustive/covering every single detail.'

3. 網羅的 (Mōrateki): Focus: Exhaustiveness/completeness of a list.
Example: 網羅的なリスト (An exhaustive list).
Difference: It implies checking off every single box. It's more about quantity than the 'quality of synthesis' found in sōgōteki.

Finally, consider takakuteki (多角的 - multi-faceted). While sōgōteki is the result (the synthesis), takakuteki is the method (looking from many angles). They are often used together: 'By looking at the problem takakuteki ni (from many angles), we reached a sōgōteki na (comprehensive) conclusion.' By understanding these distinctions, you can avoid repetitive language and describe complex situations with much greater accuracy.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The 'teki' suffix was once criticized by traditionalists in the 19th century as being 'too modern' and 'Western-influenced,' but now it is an inseparable part of the Japanese language.

Guide de prononciation

UK sō-gō-te-ki

US soʊ goʊ tɛ ki

Japanese is a pitch-accent language. In 'sōgōteki', the pitch starts low on 'so', rises on 'u', and stays high through 'gōte', then drops on 'ki'.

Rime avec

Kōkateki (Effective) Kyakukanteki (Objective) Shukanteki (Subjective) Gutaiteki (Specific) Chūshōteki (Abstract) Ronriteki (Logical) Gōriteki (Rational) Kanjōteki (Emotional)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing 'sō' and 'gō' as short vowels (sogoteki instead of sōgōteki).
Putting an English-style stress on the second syllable.
Treating it as a single word without the 'teki' suffix, which changes its grammatical role.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 3/5

The kanji are common but require intermediate knowledge (JLPT N3/N2).

Écriture 4/5

Writing '総合' can be tricky for beginners due to the stroke count in '総'.

Expression orale 3/5

Easy to pronounce once you master the long vowels.

Écoute 2/5

Very common in news and formal speeches, making it easy to spot.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

全体 (Zentai) 合わせる (Awaseru) 判断 (Handan) 評価 (Hyōka) 的 (Teki)

Apprends ensuite

包括的 (Hōkatsuteki) 網羅的 (Mōrateki) 客観的 (Kyakukanteki) 主観的 (Shukanteki) 具体的 (Gutaiteki)

Avancé

止揚 (Shiyō - Aufheben/Sublation) 帰納的 (Kinōteki - Inductive) 演繹的 (En-ekiteki - Deductive)

Grammaire à connaître

Na-Adjectives (Keiyō-dōshi)

総合的な判断 (Sōgōteki na handan)

Adverbial form with 'ni'

総合的に考える (Sōgōteki ni kangaeru)

The suffix 'teki' (的な)

客観的、主観的、具体的な

Compound Nouns (Sōgō + Noun)

総合病院、総合大学

Te-form for 'based on'

総合的に見て (Looking at it comprehensively...)

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Exemples par niveau

これは総合的な本です。

This is a comprehensive book.

Uses 'na' to connect the adjective to the noun 'hon' (book).

総合病院に行きます。

I am going to a general hospital.

Here 'sōgō' is used as a prefix for 'byōin' (hospital).

テストは総合的でした。

The test was comprehensive.

Uses 'deshita' to make the sentence past tense.

総合的な力が必要です。

Comprehensive strength is necessary.

The noun 'chikara' means strength or ability.

あの店は総合的です。

That shop is comprehensive (all-in-one).

Simple adjective sentence structure.

総合的に見ましょう。

Let's look at it comprehensively.

Uses 'ni' to turn the adjective into an adverb modifying 'mimashō'.

総合的なメニューですね。

It is a comprehensive menu, isn't it?

The particle 'ne' adds a sense of agreement.

総合的な評価をします。

I will give a comprehensive evaluation.

The noun 'hyōka' means evaluation or rating.

明日は総合的な学習の時間があります。

Tomorrow we have the Period for Integrated Studies.

A common school term in Japan.

もっと総合的な視点を持ってください。

Please have a more comprehensive perspective.

The verb 'motte' is the te-form of 'motsu' (to have/hold).

このアプリは総合的に便利です。

This app is comprehensively (overall) convenient.

Adverbial use modifying 'benri' (convenient).

総合的な判断で、中止にしました。

Based on a comprehensive judgment, we cancelled it.

The particle 'de' indicates the basis or reason.

総合的な対策を考えましょう。

Let's think of comprehensive measures.

The noun 'taisaku' means measures or counter-measures.

彼は総合的に優れた選手です。

He is a comprehensively excellent player.

Modifying the adjective 'sugureta' (excellent).

市役所は総合的なサービスを提供しています。

The city hall provides comprehensive services.

The verb 'teikyō suru' means to provide.

総合的な理解を深めましょう。

Let's deepen our comprehensive understanding.

The verb 'fukameru' means to deepen.

状況を総合的に判断して、進退を決めます。

I will decide whether to stay or leave after judging the situation comprehensively.

'Shintai' refers to one's course of action (staying or resigning).

この報告書は、問題を総合的に分析しています。

This report analyzes the problem comprehensively.

The verb 'bunseki suru' means to analyze.

総合的な観点から意見を述べてください。

Please state your opinion from a comprehensive viewpoint.

'Kanten' is a more formal word for viewpoint or perspective.

会社は総合的な評価システムを導入しました。

The company introduced a comprehensive evaluation system.

The verb 'dōnyū suru' means to introduce or implement.

総合的に見て、計画は順調です。

Looking at it comprehensively, the plan is going well.

'Sōgōteki ni mite' is a set phrase meaning 'all things considered'.

総合的なアプローチが解決の鍵です。

A comprehensive approach is the key to the solution.

The noun 'kagi' means key.

環境問題には、総合的な知識が求められます。

Comprehensive knowledge is required for environmental issues.

The verb 'motomerareru' is the passive form of 'motomeru' (to require).

この雑誌は、ライフスタイルを総合的に提案しています。

This magazine comprehensively proposes a lifestyle.

The verb 'teian suru' means to propose or suggest.

経済政策を総合的に再検討する必要がある。

It is necessary to comprehensively re-examine economic policies.

'Saikentō' means re-examination or reconsideration.

総合的な人間力を育てる教育を目指している。

We aim for education that fosters comprehensive human power (character).

'Ningen-ryoku' is a term for well-rounded character or ability.

各部署の意見を総合的に調整するのが私の役目です。

My role is to comprehensively coordinate the opinions of each department.

'Chōsei suru' means to coordinate or adjust.

総合的な視点に欠けると、本質を見失う恐れがある。

If one lacks a comprehensive perspective, there is a risk of losing sight of the essence.

'Osore ga aru' means there is a fear/risk/danger that...

この地域は総合的な開発が進められている。

Comprehensive development is being carried out in this area.

'Susumerarete iru' is the passive continuous form of 'susumeru'.

多角的な分析に基づき、総合的な結論を出した。

Based on multi-faceted analysis, we reached a comprehensive conclusion.

'Ni motozuki' means 'based on'.

健康診断の結果を総合的に判断します。

We will judge the health check results comprehensively.

'Kenkō shindan' means medical checkup.

総合的な安全保障体制の構築が急務だ。

Building a comprehensive security system is an urgent task.

'Kyūmu' means urgent business or task.

諸要因を総合的に勘案した結果、この方針を決定した。

After comprehensively considering various factors, we decided on this policy.

'Kan-an suru' is a very formal synonym for 'consider' or 'take into account'.

現代社会の複雑な課題には、総合的な知の結集が必要だ。

The complex challenges of modern society require the gathering of integrated knowledge.

'Kesshū' means gathering or concentration of power/knowledge.

作品の芸術性を総合的に評価するのは非常に困難である。

It is extremely difficult to evaluate the artistry of a work comprehensively.

'Geijutsusei' means artistry or artistic quality.

都市計画においては、利便性と環境保護の総合的なバランスが問われる。

In urban planning, the comprehensive balance between convenience and environmental protection is tested.

'Toiwareru' means to be questioned or put to the test.

個別の事象に囚われず、事態を総合的に俯瞰することが肝要だ。

It is essential to take a comprehensive bird's-eye view of the situation without being trapped by individual events.

'Kan-yō' means essential or vital; 'fukan suru' means to take a bird's-eye view.

この論文は、先行研究を総合的に総括している。

This thesis comprehensively summarizes previous research.

'Sōkatsu suru' means to summarize or generalize.

総合的な観点から言えば、この投資はリスクが高い。

Speaking from a comprehensive viewpoint, this investment is high risk.

'Kara ieba' means 'speaking from...'.

多様な文化を総合的に理解するための教育プログラムを開発する。

We will develop an educational program to comprehensively understand diverse cultures.

'Tayō na' means diverse or various.

法解釈においては、文言のみならず立法趣旨を総合的に考慮すべきである。

In legal interpretation, one should comprehensively consider not only the wording but also the legislative intent.

'Shushi' means intent or purpose; 'nominarazu' means 'not only'.

国家の繁栄は、経済力、軍事力、文化力の総合的な調和によって成される。

A nation's prosperity is achieved through the comprehensive harmony of economic, military, and cultural power.

'Nasareru' is the passive form of 'nasu' (to achieve/do).

AIの導入が労働市場に与える影響を、総合的にシミュレーションする。

We will comprehensively simulate the impact that the introduction of AI will have on the labor market.

'Rōdō shijō' means labor market.

歴史認識の問題は、政治的、感情的な側面を総合的に含んでいる。

The issue of historical perception comprehensively includes political and emotional aspects.

'Rekishi ninshiki' means historical perception or awareness.

経営陣は、株主の利益と社会的責任を総合的に勘案し、苦渋の決断を下した。

The management team comprehensively considered shareholder interests and social responsibility and made a painful decision.

'Kujū no ketsudan' means a painful or difficult decision.

個々のデータは断片的だが、総合的に分析すれば明確な傾向が見て取れる。

Individual data pieces are fragmentary, but if analyzed comprehensively, a clear trend can be discerned.

'Danpentéki' means fragmentary; 'mite toreru' means can be seen or discerned.

グローバル化の進展に伴い、総合的なリスクマネジメントが不可欠となっている。

With the progress of globalization, comprehensive risk management has become indispensable.

'Nidomonai' means 'along with' or 'accompanying'.

哲学とは、世界の在り方を総合的に探究する学問に他ならない。

Philosophy is nothing other than a discipline that comprehensively explores the way the world is.

'Ni hoka naranai' means 'is nothing other than'.

Collocations courantes

総合的な判断

総合的な評価

総合的な対策

総合的な視点

総合的な理解

総合的に考える

総合的に分析する

総合的な調整

総合的なアプローチ

総合的な力を養う

Phrases Courantes

総合的に見て

— All things considered; looking at it from a comprehensive perspective.

総合的に見て、彼が一番適任だ。(All things considered, he is the most suitable person.)

総合的な学習の時間

— The 'Period for Integrated Studies' in Japanese schools, focusing on cross-curricular projects.

今日は総合的な学習の時間に環境について調べた。(Today in Integrated Studies, we researched the environment.)

総合病院

— A general hospital that includes many different specialized departments.

近くの総合病院で検査を受ける。(I will get an exam at the nearby general hospital.)

総合商社

— A general trading company (like Mitsubishi or Mitsui) that deals in a vast range of products.

兄は総合商社で働いています。(My older brother works for a general trading company.)

総合プロデュース

— General/overall production, covering everything from planning to execution.

このイベントは彼が総合プロデュースした。(He did the overall production for this event.)

総合職

— A 'general track' position in a company, where employees are expected to do various types of work.

彼女は総合職として入社した。(She joined the company as a general track employee.)

総合案内

— General information desk or counter.

場所がわからないので、総合案内で聞く。(I don't know the location, so I'll ask at the general information desk.)

総合優勝

— Overall victory (winning the entire tournament or across multiple categories).

我がチームが総合優勝を果たした。(Our team achieved the overall victory.)

総合演出

— General direction/orchestration of a show or performance.

彼は舞台の総合演出を担当している。(He is in charge of the general direction of the stage play.)

総合庁舎

— A general government building housing multiple public offices.

総合庁舎でパスポートの手続きをする。(I will do my passport procedures at the general government building.)

Souvent confondu avec

総合的 vs 全体的 (Zentaitéki)

Zentaitéki is 'overall vibe'; Sōgōteki is 'integrated system.'

総合的 vs 包括的 (Hōkatsuteki)

Hōkatsuteki is 'covering all items'; Sōgōteki is 'synthesizing items.'

総合的 vs 網羅的 (Mōrateki)

Mōrateki is 'an exhaustive list'; Sōgōteki is 'a comprehensive approach.'

Expressions idiomatiques

"総合的な判断に委ねる"

— To leave something to a comprehensive judgment; to trust the final balanced decision.

最終的な結果は、委員会の総合的な判断に委ねられた。(The final result was left to the committee's comprehensive judgment.)

Formal

"木を見て森を見ず"

— To see the trees but not the forest. (The opposite of having a sōgōteki perspective).

細部にこだわりすぎて、総合的な視点を忘れてはいけない。木を見て森を見ずだ。(Don't focus too much on details and forget the comprehensive view. It's seeing the trees but not the forest.)

Common Idiom

"多角的な視点から総合的に"

— To look from many angles and then synthesize. A common rhetorical flourish in business.

多角的な視点から総合的に検討いたします。(We will consider it comprehensively from multiple perspectives.)

Polite Business

"総合的な人間力"

— Refers to a person's overall character, including intelligence, empathy, and social skills.

学歴よりも総合的な人間力が問われる時代だ。(It's an era where overall character is tested more than academic background.)

Educational / Self-help

"総合的に勘案する"

— A very formal way to say 'to take everything into account.'

諸般の事情を総合的に勘案し、決定した。(We decided after comprehensively taking various circumstances into account.)

Legal / Bureaucratic

"総合力の勝利"

— A victory achieved through the combined strength of all members or elements.

今回の優勝は、チームの総合力の勝利だ。(This victory is a win for the team's combined strength.)

Sports / Neutral

"バランスの取れた総合的評価"

— A balanced and comprehensive evaluation.

公平な審査には、バランスの取れた総合的評価が不可欠だ。(A balanced and comprehensive evaluation is essential for fair screening.)

Formal

"総合的なアプローチで臨む"

— To face a challenge with a holistic/comprehensive approach.

新事業には総合的なアプローチで臨むつもりだ。(I intend to face the new business with a comprehensive approach.)

Business

"総合的な理解を深める"

— To deepen one's overall/comprehensive understanding.

研修を通じて、業務への総合的な理解を深めた。(Through the training, I deepened my comprehensive understanding of the work.)

Formal

"総合的なバックアップ"

— Comprehensive support or backup.

会社からの総合的なバックアップがあるから安心だ。(I feel safe because there is comprehensive backup from the company.)

Business / Neutral

Facile à confondre

総合的 vs 統合的 (Tōgōteki)

Both mean integrated.

Tōgōteki is more about the technical unification of systems; Sōgōteki is more about the intellectual synthesis of factors.

統合的なシステム vs 総合的な判断

総合的 vs 一般的 (Ippanteki)

Both can mean 'general.'

Ippanteki means 'common' or 'standard'; Sōgōteki means 'all-encompassing' or 'integrated.'

一般的な意見 vs 総合的な意見

総合的 vs 全般的な (Zenpanteki na)

Both mean 'general/overall.'

Zenpanteki describes something that applies to the whole range; Sōgōteki describes something that results from merging parts.

全般的な知識 vs 総合的な知識

総合的 vs 複合的 (Fukugōteki)

Both imply 'multiple things.'

Fukugōteki means 'complex' or 'compound' (multiple factors causing a problem); Sōgōteki is the 'comprehensive' response to that problem.

複合的な原因 vs 総合的な対策

総合的 vs 集約的 (Shūyakuteki)

Both involve 'bringing together.'

Shūyakuteki means 'intensive' (concentrating resources); Sōgōteki means 'comprehensive' (broadening the view).

労働集約的 vs 総合的評価

Structures de phrases

これは [総合的な] [Noun] です。

これは総合的な本です。

[Noun] は [総合的に] 便利です。

この店は総合的に便利です。

[Situation] を [総合的に] 判断する。

状況を総合的に判断する。

[Noun] には [総合的な] [Perspective] が必要だ。

解決には総合的な視点が必要だ。

[Factors] を [総合的に] 勘案した結果、...

諸要因を総合的に勘案した結果、中止を決めた。

[Abstract Concept] を [総合的に] 探究する。

真理を総合的に探究する。

[総合的に] 見て、[Conclusion]。

総合的に見て、彼が一番だ。

[総合的な] [Evaluation] を下す。

総合的な評価を下す。

Famille de mots

Noms

総合 (Sōgō) - Synthesis, integration, coordination.

総合力 (Sōgō-ryoku) - Combined strength, overall ability.

総和 (Sōwa) - Total sum.

統合 (Tōgō) - Unification, integration.

Verbes

総合する (Sōgō suru) - To synthesize, to integrate, to put together.

まとめる (Matomeru) - To gather, to summarize (a simpler synonym).

Adjectifs

総括的 (Sōkatsuteki) - Summarizing, general.

総体的な (Sōtaiteki na) - Overall, general.

Apparenté

全体 (Zentai) - The whole.

包括 (Hōkatsu) - Inclusion.

網羅 (Mōra) - Exhaustiveness.

多角 (Takaku) - Many-sided.

一貫 (Ikkan) - Consistency.

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

High in professional contexts; Medium in daily life.

Erreurs courantes

Using 'sōgōteki' for 'all' in casual settings. → 全部 (zenbu) or 全部で (zenbu de).
'Sōgōteki' is too formal for 'I ate all the cookies.' Use it for systems and judgments.
Using 'sōgōteki' instead of 'zentaitéki' for impressions. → 全体的な雰囲気 (zentaitéki na fun-iki).
'Overall atmosphere' is a general feeling, not a synthesis of parts. 'Zentaitéki' is more natural here.
Forgetting the 'ni' when using it as an adverb. → 総合的に考える (sōgōteki ni kangaeru).
Adjectives need 'ni' to modify verbs. Without it, the sentence is ungrammatical.
Confusing 'sōgōteki' with 'mōrateki' in reports. → 資料を網羅的に調べる (mōrateki ni shiraberu).
If you checked every single file, that's 'exhaustive' (mōrateki). If you combined the files into a summary, that's 'comprehensive' (sōgōteki).
Writing '総' with the wrong radical. → 糸 (thread) radical on the left.
The 'thread' radical represents the gathering of threads, which is the origin of the word.

Astuces

Use for Summaries

When writing an essay, use 'sōgōteki ni kangaeru to' (thinking comprehensively) to introduce your concluding thoughts. It ties everything together.

Sound Like a Pro

In an interview, say you have 'sōgōteki na sh視野' (a comprehensive field of vision). It shows you aren't just a specialist but a leader.

News Keyword

When you hear 'sōgōteki' on the news, pay attention. It usually means the government is about to announce a big, multi-part plan.

Don't Forget 'Na'

Since it is a na-adjective, always use 'sōgōteki na' before nouns. 'Sōgōteki handan' is technically a compound, but 'sōgōteki na handan' is more natural.

Sōgō vs Zentai

Remember: 'Zentai' is the whole cake. 'Sōgō' is how the flour, eggs, and sugar work together to make the cake.

Hospital Signs

Look for 総合 on hospital signs. It means they can treat almost anything, which is useful to know in an emergency.

Synthesis is Key

The 'gō' in sōgō means 'to fit.' Keep the image of things fitting together in your mind to remember the meaning.

Adverbial Use

Use 'sōgōteki ni' to describe how you evaluate things. 'Sōgōteki ni hyōka suru' is a common and useful phrase.

The 'Teki' Suffix

Knowing that 'teki' functions like '-ish' or '-ic' helps you recognize hundreds of other Japanese adjectives.

So-Go-Together

Repeat the phrase 'So Go Together' whenever you see 総合 to lock in the meaning of integration.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of 'Sōgō' as 'So Go together.' When many things 'So Go' together, they become 'Sōgōteki' (comprehensive).

Association visuelle

Imagine a giant jigsaw puzzle. Each piece is a different factor. When you see the whole picture completed, that is a 'sōgōteki' view.

Word Web

総合病院 (Hospital) 総合商社 (Trading Co) 総合的判断 (Judgment) 総合学習 (Studies) 総合評価 (Evaluation) 総合優勝 (Victory) 総合案内 (Info) 総合職 (Career Track)

Défi

Try to describe your favorite movie using the word 'sōgōteki.' Why is it good? Is it the 'sōgōteki' balance of music, acting, and story?

Origine du mot

The word is composed of three kanji: 総 (sō), 合 (gō), and 的 (teki). '総' means 'general,' 'whole,' or 'all.' '合' means 'to fit,' 'to join,' or 'to combine.' Together, '総合' (sōgō) refers to the act of bringing different things together into a single unit—a synthesis. The suffix '的' (teki) was popularized during the Meiji era to translate Western adjectives ending in '-ic' or '-al.'

Sens originel : Originally, 'sōgō' referred to the threads of a loom being gathered together. It evolved into an abstract concept of combining various elements into a whole.

Sino-Japanese (Kango).

Contexte culturel

This word is very safe and formal. It is never offensive. However, using it too much in casual settings can make you sound 'stiff' or like you are trying too hard to sound important.

In English, we might say 'holistic' or 'big picture.' 'Comprehensive' is the closest formal match.

The 'Sōgōteki na Gakushū no Jikan' curriculum reform in the early 2000s. The term 'Sōgō Shosha' used in international economics to describe Japanese mega-corporations. The 'Sōgōteki na Anzen Hoshō' (Comprehensive National Security) policy of the late 1970s.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Business Meetings

総合的な判断です
総合的に検討します
総合的な視点
総合評価

Medical / Health

総合病院
総合的な診断
総合ビタミン剤
総合健診

Education

総合学習
総合的な力
総合大学
総合評価

Politics / News

総合的な対策
総合的な経済対策
総合的な安全保障
総合指数

Daily Life

総合的に見て
総合案内
総合優勝
総合プロデュース

Amorces de conversation

"最近のニュースについて、総合的な意見を聞かせてください。"

"新しいプロジェクトを始める時、何を一番総合的に考えますか？"

"総合病院と個人のクリニック、どちらが好きですか？"

"人生を総合的に見て、今一番大切なことは何だと思いますか？"

"このレストランの評価を、総合的に言うと星いくつですか？"

Sujets d'écriture

今日の出来事を総合的に振り返って、学んだことを三つ書いてください。

自分の「総合的な人間力」を高めるために、来月は何をしますか？

仕事や勉強の計画を、総合的な視点から見直してみましょう。

あなたが理想とする「総合的な教育」とはどのようなものですか？

最近買った高いものについて、総合的な満足度を詳しく書いてください。

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

It is less common in casual chats with friends. However, in serious discussions about work, health, or school, it is very common. Use it when you want to sound thoughtful.

'Iroiro' just means 'various' or 'many different things.' 'Sōgōteki' means those various things are being looked at together as one system.

Usually, you describe a person's 'ability' (sōgōteki na nōryoku) or 'judgment' (sōgōteki na handan) rather than the person themselves. However, 'sōgōteki na ningen' can imply a well-rounded person.

It is primarily a noun (synthesis). Adding 'suru' makes it a verb (to synthesize), and adding 'teki' makes it an adjective (comprehensive).

Because it 'synthesizes' all medical departments (internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, etc.) into one location.

The concept is N3, but the frequent use in formal writing and news makes it a core N2 vocabulary word.

It sounds a bit funny and overly formal, like a food critic on TV. 'Overall, it's delicious' is better as 'zentaitéki ni oishii.'

They are unique Japanese 'general trading companies' that handle everything from energy to retail, embodying the 'comprehensive' business model.

It is 総合的. The first kanji '総' has 14 strokes, and '合' has 6 strokes.

The most direct opposite is 'danpentéki' (fragmentary) or 'ichimentéki' (one-sided).

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