민망함 en 30 secondes
- A noun meaning embarrassment or awkwardness in social settings.
- Often includes a sense of pity or feeling sorry for someone else's mistake.
- Used when receiving too much praise or undeserved kindness from others.
- Key word for understanding Korean social harmony and 'saving face' culture.
The Korean noun 민망함 (min-mang-ham) is a multifaceted term that captures a specific spectrum of social discomfort. While often translated as 'embarrassment' or 'awkwardness,' its roots lie in the adjective 민망하다, which describes a state where one feels sorry, distressed, or even ashamed on behalf of oneself or others. It is the heavy, thick air in a room when a joke falls flat, the stinging heat in one's cheeks when a secret is exposed, or the sympathetic cringe felt when watching someone else fail publicly. In Korean society, where maintaining 'face' and social harmony is paramount, 민망함 is the emotional signal that a social boundary has been crossed or a standard of decorum has not been met.
- The Core Essence
- At its heart, 민망함 is about the discomfort of being 'seen' in an unfavorable or overly intimate light. It isn't just about doing something wrong; it is about the visibility of that wrongness.
- The Sympathetic Aspect
- Uniquely, you can feel 민망함 for someone else. When a friend makes a fool of themselves, the 'vicarious embarrassment' you feel is described using this word.
- Social Reciprocity
- It also appears when receiving help or gifts that feel undeservedly large. The receiver feels a sense of 민망함 because they cannot immediately reciprocate the kindness.
그의 지나친 칭찬에 나는 민망함을 감출 수 없었다.
Understanding the difference between 민망함 and other similar words is crucial for B1 learners. Unlike 부끄러움 (shyness or internal shame) or 창피함 (humiliation resulting from a public mistake), 민망함 often contains an element of 'sorry-ness.' When you feel 민망함, you are often worried about how the situation affects the collective atmosphere. It is the 'awkwardness' that makes you want to look away or change the subject quickly to restore peace.
실수를 한 동료를 보는 것이 오히려 내가 더 민망함을 느끼게 했다.
In contemporary Korean media, particularly variety shows (예능), you will see captions like '민망...' when a celebrity fails a challenge or says something cringeworthy. This usage highlights the 'second-hand embarrassment' that the audience feels. It is a shared emotional state that connects the observer to the observed through a mutual understanding of social norms. Whether you are avoiding eye contact after a failed romantic confession or feeling bad for a waiter who tripped, 민망함 is the glue of social awareness in Korean culture.
Using 민망함 effectively requires understanding its grammatical role as a noun. Since it is derived from an adjective, it is most frequently paired with verbs of perception, emotion, and action. The most common structures involve 'feeling' the embarrassment, 'hiding' it, or 'overcoming' it. Because it is a noun, it can serve as the subject of a sentence, the object of a verb, or even part of a compound noun phrase.
- Verb Pairing: 느끼다 (To Feel)
- This is the most direct way to express the emotion. Example: "갑작스러운 침묵에 민망함을 느꼈다" (I felt awkwardness at the sudden silence).
- Verb Pairing: 감추다 (To Hide)
- Used when someone tries to mask their embarrassment with a laugh or a change of topic. Example: "그는 헛기침으로 민망함을 감추려 했다" (He tried to hide his embarrassment with a dry cough).
- Verb Pairing: 무릅쓰다 (To Brave/Risk)
- This is used when you do something despite knowing it will be embarrassing. Example: "민망함을 무릅쓰고 다시 질문했다" (I braved the embarrassment and asked the question again).
그녀는 민망함에 고개를 들 수 없었다.
Grammatically, 민망함 is often followed by particles like -을/를 (object), -이/가 (subject), or -에 (cause/reason). When you want to say 'because of embarrassment,' you use 민망함에. This is a very natural way to explain the motivation behind a behavior, such as looking away or laughing nervously.
두 사람 사이에 흐르는 민망함이 공기를 무겁게 만들었다.
In writing, 민망함 is frequently used in literature and essays to describe internal emotional states with precision. In daily speech, while the adjective form 민망해 is more common, the noun form appears when discussing the situation itself: "그 민망함을 어떻게 견뎠어?" (How did you endure that embarrassment?). It provides a level of abstraction that helps in analyzing social interactions.
If you immerse yourself in Korean culture, you will encounter 민망함 in a variety of settings. It is not a word reserved for textbooks; it is a living part of the Korean social fabric. From the flashy screen of a variety show to the quiet corners of an office, this word describes the 'cringe' and 'clumsiness' of human interaction.
- Korean Variety Shows (예능)
- Watch shows like 'Running Man' or 'I Live Alone.' When a guest does a 'talented' performance that is actually quite bad, the hosts will often say, "보는 내가 다 민망하네" (I feel embarrassed just watching you). The caption on screen will often just read '민망' with a funny emoji.
- Office and Professional Life
- In meetings, if a superior makes a factual error and no one wants to correct them, the resulting tension is 민망함. Or, if you receive a bonus that is much higher than your peers, you might express 민망함 to show humility.
- Dating and Relationships
- The 'first date' silence is the peak of 민망함. If someone confesses their love and is rejected, both parties feel this intensely. It is the feeling of a social rhythm being broken.
부모님 앞에서 연애 고민을 털어놓으려니 민망함이 앞섰다.
You will also hear this word in news reports or social commentaries when discussing public figures who have behaved inappropriately. The public often expresses 민망함 as a form of collective shame for the individual's lack of self-awareness. It reflects the Korean concept of 'Cheon-myeon' (face) where one person's actions can cause embarrassment for the whole group. In essence, whenever there is a gap between how someone should act and how they are actually acting, 민망함 is there.
While 민망함 is a versatile word, English speakers often struggle with its nuance, frequently confusing it with other terms for shame or shyness. The most common error is using it in situations where the emotion is purely internal, without a social component, or using it when a more 'guilt-based' word is required.
- Mistake 1: Confusing with 부끄러움 (Shyness/Internal Shame)
- If you are shy about meeting new people, use 부끄러움. If you feel awkward because you walked into the wrong room, use 민망함. 부끄러움 is a personality trait or a deep moral shame; 민망함 is a situational social friction.
- Mistake 2: Confusing with 미안함 (Sorry/Guilt)
- While 민망함 can include feeling sorry, it isn't used for serious apologies. If you break someone's phone, say 미안함. If you accidentally see someone in their underwear, say 민망함. One is for harm caused; the other is for social 'exposure.'
- Mistake 3: Overusing for Humiliation
- If someone insults you in public and you feel devastated, 창피함 or 수치심 (shame/disgrace) are better. 민망함 is usually 'lighter' and more about the awkwardness of the moment than the destruction of your character.
그의 잘못된 행동을 보는 것이 내게는 큰 민망함이었다.
Another subtle mistake is the level of formality. While 민망함 is a standard noun, using it in very casual settings might sound a bit 'written.' In casual talk, people usually stick to the adjective form 민망해. However, identifying the emotion as 민망함 in a reflective way is perfectly fine. Ensure you don't use it for fear or anxiety; it is strictly about the 'awkward/sorry' spectrum.
To truly master 민망함, you must understand its 'neighbors' in the Korean emotional vocabulary. Korean has a very rich set of words for embarrassment, each with a specific flavor. Choosing the right one shows a high level of linguistic sensitivity.
- 민망함 vs. 무안함 (Muan-ham)
- 무안함 is used specifically when you lose face or are rebuffed after acting confidently. If you wave at someone who doesn't see you, you feel 무안함. 민망함 is broader and can include feeling sorry for others.
- 민망함 vs. 어색함 (Eosaek-ham)
- 어색함 is 'awkwardness' in a general sense—like wearing clothes that don't fit or being in a room with a stranger. 민망함 is more emotionally charged; it involves a sense of 'shame' or 'pity' that 어색함 lacks.
- 민망함 vs. 당혹감 (Danghok-gam)
- 당혹감 is 'bewilderment' or 'embarrassment mixed with confusion.' It’s the feeling when someone asks you a question you didn't expect and you don't know how to answer. 민망함 is more about the social discomfort of the situation itself.
그녀는 민망함보다는 당혹감을 느꼈다.
In formal writing, you might also see 곤혹스러움 (being in a fix/perplexed) or 거북함 (discomfort/uneasiness). However, for daily life and media, 민망함 remains the most common way to describe that skin-crawling social discomfort. Master this, and you’ll be able to navigate Korean social waters with much more nuance.
How Formal Is It?
Le savais-tu ?
While '민망' sounds like it could be purely Korean, it is often associated with the Hanja 憫 (to pity) and 罔 (to be confused/without), highlighting the 'pity' aspect of the word.
Guide de prononciation
- Pronouncing 'min' as 'mean' (the 'i' is short).
- Dropping the 'h' in 'ham'.
- Merging 'mang' and 'ham' into one sound.
- Pronouncing 'mang' like 'man' (must have the 'ng' sound).
- Over-emphasizing the 'h' sound.
Niveau de difficulté
Easy to recognize in text, often appears in variety show captions.
Requires understanding of nominalization and correct particle usage.
The adjective form is more common in speech, so using the noun correctly shows high level.
Clearly pronounced, but context is key to understanding the specific nuance.
Quoi apprendre ensuite
Prérequis
Apprends ensuite
Avancé
Grammaire à connaître
Nominalization with -함
민망하다 -> 민망함, 기쁘다 -> 기쁨
Reason particle -에
민망함에 얼굴이 빨개졌다.
Object particle -을/를 with 느끼다
민망함을 느꼈다.
Subject particle -이/가 with 있다/없다
민망함이 없다.
Adverbial form -게
민망하게 왜 그래요?
Exemples par niveau
그는 민망함에 웃었어요.
He laughed because of embarrassment.
Noun + -에 (due to/because of)
민망함을 느꼈어요.
I felt embarrassed.
Noun + -을 (object particle) + 느끼다 (to feel)
너무 민망함이 커요.
The embarrassment is too big.
Noun + -이 (subject particle) + 크다 (to be big)
민망함 때문에 도망갔어요.
I ran away because of embarrassment.
Noun + 때문에 (because of)
그녀는 민망함을 몰라요.
She doesn't know embarrassment.
Noun + -을 + 모르다 (to not know)
민망함이 없어요.
There is no embarrassment.
Noun + -이 + 없다 (to not have/exist)
민망함이 가득해요.
It is full of embarrassment.
Noun + -이 + 가득하다 (to be full of)
작은 민망함이었어요.
It was a small embarrassment.
Adjective + Noun + -이었다 (past tense of be)
갑작스러운 칭찬에 민망함을 느꼈다.
I felt embarrassed at the sudden praise.
Noun + -에 (at/due to)
민망함을 참고 계속했다.
I endured the embarrassment and continued.
Noun + -을 + 참다 (to endure)
그의 민망함이 나에게도 전해졌다.
His embarrassment was conveyed to me too.
Noun + -이 + 전해지다 (to be conveyed)
민망함을 숨기려고 딴청을 피웠다.
I pretended to be busy to hide my embarrassment.
Noun + -을 + 숨기다 (to hide)
친구의 실수에 민망함을 느꼈다.
I felt embarrassed at my friend's mistake.
Vicarious embarrassment context.
민망함이 얼굴에 다 나타났다.
The embarrassment showed all over their face.
Noun + -이 + 나타나다 (to appear)
그 상황은 정말 민망함 그 자체였다.
That situation was embarrassment itself.
Noun + 그 자체 (itself)
민망함을 무릅쓰고 사과했다.
I braved the embarrassment and apologized.
민망함을 무릅쓰다 (to brave embarrassment)
두 사람 사이의 민망함을 없애기 위해 농담을 했다.
I told a joke to get rid of the awkwardness between the two.
Noun + -을 + 없애다 (to remove)
그는 민망함에 고개를 들지 못했다.
He couldn't lift his head due to embarrassment.
Noun + -에 (due to)
민망함을 덜어주기 위해 화제를 돌렸다.
I changed the subject to lessen the embarrassment.
Noun + -을 + 덜어주다 (to lessen for someone)
민망함이 밀려와서 아무 말도 할 수 없었다.
Embarrassment washed over me, so I couldn't say anything.
Noun + -이 + 밀려오다 (to wash over/rush in)
그녀는 자신의 민망함을 웃음으로 승화시켰다.
She sublimated her embarrassment into laughter.
Noun + -을 + 승화시키다 (to sublimate)
그의 행동은 보는 이들에게 민망함을 안겨주었다.
His actions gave the observers a sense of embarrassment.
Noun + -을 + 안겨주다 (to give/bestow)
민망함을 감추기 위해 헛기침을 했다.
I coughed to hide my embarrassment.
Noun + -을 + 감추다 (to hide)
이런 민망함을 다시는 겪고 싶지 않다.
I don't want to experience this kind of embarrassment again.
Noun + -을 + 겪다 (to experience)
그는 민망함을 무릅쓰고 대중 앞에서 노래를 불렀다.
He braved the embarrassment and sang in front of the public.
Idiomatic expression: 민망함을 무릅쓰다.
민망함이 앞서서 제대로 된 대화를 나누지 못했다.
Embarrassment came first, so we couldn't have a proper conversation.
Noun + -이 + 앞서다 (to come first/precede)
그의 사과는 민망함을 씻어내기에 충분하지 않았다.
His apology was not enough to wash away the embarrassment.
Noun + -을 + 씻어내다 (to wash away)
민망함을 억누르며 담담하게 사실을 말했다.
Suppressing the embarrassment, I calmly stated the facts.
Noun + -을 + 억누르다 (to suppress)
그 상황에서 느낀 민망함은 평생 잊지 못할 것이다.
I will never forget the embarrassment I felt in that situation.
Noun + -은 (topic particle)
민망함이 극에 달해 얼굴이 홍당무처럼 빨개졌다.
Embarrassment reached its peak, and my face turned red like a carrot.
민망함이 극에 달하다 (to reach the peak)
서로의 민망함을 확인한 두 사람은 서둘러 자리를 떴다.
After confirming each other's embarrassment, the two quickly left.
Noun + -을 + 확인하다 (to confirm)
민망함을 유발하는 그의 농담은 분위기를 싸늘하게 만들었다.
His jokes, which caused embarrassment, made the atmosphere cold.
Noun + -을 + 유발하다 (to cause/trigger)
작가는 인간 내면의 민망함을 섬세하게 묘사했다.
The author delicately described the embarrassment within the human heart.
Noun + -을 + 묘사하다 (to describe/depict)
민망함이라는 감정은 사회적 규범과 밀접하게 연결되어 있다.
The emotion called embarrassment is closely linked to social norms.
Noun + -이라는 (called)
그는 자신의 민망함을 감추기 위해 오히려 더 큰 소리를 쳤다.
He shouted even louder to hide his own embarrassment.
Reaction formation context.
공동체 내에서의 민망함은 때로 도덕적 각성을 촉구하기도 한다.
Embarrassment within a community sometimes prompts a moral awakening.
Noun + -은 (topic particle)
민망함을 무릅쓴 용기 있는 발언이 큰 울림을 주었다.
The courageous remarks, made despite embarrassment, resonated deeply.
Noun + -을 + 무릅쓴 (braved)
그의 행동에서 느껴지는 민망함은 단순한 수치심과는 결이 다르다.
The embarrassment felt from his actions is different in nature from simple shame.
Noun + -과는 + 결이 다르다 (to have a different texture/nature)
민망함을 공유함으로써 두 사람의 관계는 더욱 돈독해졌다.
By sharing embarrassment, the relationship between the two became stronger.
Noun + -을 + 공유하다 (to share)
민망함이 가시지 않아 그는 한동안 그곳에 머물러 있었다.
Because the embarrassment didn't fade, he stayed there for a while.
Noun + -이 + 가시다 (to fade/go away)
민망함의 미학은 한국 문화의 독특한 정서적 지표 중 하나이다.
The aesthetics of embarrassment are one of the unique emotional indicators of Korean culture.
Noun + -의 (possessive) + 미학 (aesthetics)
그는 민망함을 승화시켜 예술적 성취를 이루어냈다.
He sublimated embarrassment to achieve artistic accomplishment.
Noun + -을 + 승화시키다 (to sublimate)
정치인의 민망한 처신은 국민들에게 큰 실망감과 민망함을 안겨주었다.
The politician's embarrassing conduct gave the citizens great disappointment and embarrassment.
Double usage of the root word.
민망함이라는 프리즘을 통해 사회적 위계질서를 분석할 수 있다.
Social hierarchy can be analyzed through the prism of embarrassment.
Noun + -이라는 + 프리즘 (prism)
타인의 민망함을 목격했을 때의 윤리적 책임에 대해 논의해보자.
Let's discuss the ethical responsibility when witnessing another's embarrassment.
Noun + -을 + 목격하다 (to witness)
민망함의 감정적 층위는 개인의 성장 배경에 따라 다르게 나타난다.
The emotional layers of embarrassment appear differently depending on an individual's background.
Noun + -의 + 층위 (layer/stratum)
민망함을 견디는 힘이 곧 성숙함의 척도가 되기도 한다.
The strength to endure embarrassment often becomes a measure of maturity.
Noun + -을 + 견디다 (to endure)
민망함이 교차하는 지점에서 새로운 소통의 가능성이 열린다.
At the point where embarrassment intersects, new possibilities for communication open up.
Noun + -이 + 교차하다 (to intersect)
Collocations courantes
Phrases Courantes
— A phrase used when you feel embarrassed for someone else's actions. Literally, 'The embarrassment is my share.'
그의 노래를 듣는 내내 민망함은 나의 몫이었다.
— Cannot help but feel embarrassed. Used in more formal or literary contexts.
그의 무례한 태도에 민망함을 금치 못했다.
— To reach the peak of embarrassment.
바지가 찢어지자 민망함이 극에 달했다.
— To not know what to do because of embarrassment.
그녀는 민망함에 어쩔 줄 모르며 서 있었다.
— Embarrassment is written all over one's face.
그의 얼굴에는 민망함이 그대로 쓰여 있었다.
— To endure or hold back embarrassment.
그는 민망함을 참고 끝까지 발표를 마쳤다.
— To forget the embarrassment (often temporarily).
맛있는 음식을 먹자 잠시 민망함을 잊었다.
— For embarrassment to remain or linger.
파티가 끝난 후에도 묘한 민망함이 남았다.
— To share the feeling of embarrassment with someone else.
우리는 서로의 민망함을 나누며 웃었다.
— To avoid a situation that causes embarrassment.
그는 민망함을 피하기 위해 뒷문으로 나갔다.
Souvent confondu avec
부끄러움 is shyness or moral shame. 민망함 is social awkwardness or pity.
창피함 is humiliation or being disgraced. 민망함 is lighter and more about the 'awkward spot'.
미안함 is feeling sorry for a mistake. 민망함 is feeling bad about the social friction caused.
Expressions idiomatiques
— The feeling of wanting to hide in a mouse hole because of extreme embarrassment.
실수를 깨닫는 순간 쥐구멍에 들어가고 싶은 민망함을 느꼈다.
Casual— Embarrassment that makes one's face feel hot or burn.
그 말을 듣자 얼굴이 화끈거리는 민망함이 느껴졌다.
Neutral— Not knowing where to put one's body (not knowing what to do with oneself) from embarrassment.
과한 칭찬에 몸 둘 바를 모르는 민망함을 느꼈다.
Neutral— The observer is more embarrassed than the person acting (vicarious embarrassment).
그의 서툰 춤은 보는 사람이 더 민망함이 느껴질 정도였다.
Casual— Embarrassment so great that one cannot lift their head.
시험 점수를 확인하고 고개를 들 수 없는 민망함을 느꼈다.
Neutral— Embarrassment that makes your hands and feet curl up (extreme cringe).
그의 옛날 편지를 읽으니 손발이 오그라드는 민망함이 밀려왔다.
Slang/Casual— Embarrassment so bad that one cannot bear to keep their eyes open and watch.
그의 연기는 차마 눈 뜨고 볼 수 없는 민망함이었다.
Neutral— Embarrassment that makes you kick your blankets at night when you remember it.
어제의 고백은 이불 킥을 부르는 민망함이었다.
Slang— The feeling of wanting to hide somewhere out of embarrassment.
그의 시선을 피하며 어디론가 숨고 싶은 민망함을 느꼈다.
Neutral— Embarrassment that leaves one speechless.
그의 질문에 말문이 막히는 민망함을 느꼈다.
NeutralFacile à confondre
Both involve losing face.
Muan-ham is specifically when you are rebuffed or ignored. Minmang-ham is broader and includes vicarious embarrassment.
인사를 무시당해 무안함을 느꼈다.
Both involve a red face from praise.
Ssuksureoum is bashfulness (often cute). Minmang-ham is more about the social weight and feeling slightly 'sorry' for the attention.
칭찬에 쑥스러움을 탔다.
Both involve social discomfort.
Danghok-gam is embarrassment mixed with confusion/shock. Minmang-ham is embarrassment mixed with awkwardness/pity.
갑작스러운 사고에 당혹감을 느꼈다.
Both mean 'awkwardness.'
Eosaek-ham is a lack of naturalness or familiarity. Minmang-ham is emotional and involves a sense of shame or pity.
서로 말이 없어 어색함이 흘렀다.
Both mean 'shame.'
Suchisim is deep, painful disgrace or moral shame. Minmang-ham is situational social discomfort.
거짓말이 들통나자 수치심을 느꼈다.
Structures de phrases
민망함 + 때문에 + [Action]
민망함 때문에 웃었어요.
[Event] + 에 + 민망함을 + 느끼다
칭찬에 민망함을 느꼈어요.
민망함을 + [Verb] + -려고 + [Action]
민망함을 숨기려고 딴청을 피웠다.
민망함을 + 무릅쓰고 + [Action]
민망함을 무릅쓰고 질문을 던졌다.
민망함이 + 앞서서 + [Negative Action]
민망함이 앞서서 차마 말을 꺼내지 못했다.
민망함을 + 금치 + 못하다
그의 무책임한 행동에 민망함을 금치 못했다.
민망함이 + 교차하는 + [Noun]
미안함과 민망함이 교차하는 순간이었다.
민망함의 + 척도
그것은 성숙함과 민망함의 척도가 된다.
Famille de mots
Noms
Verbes
Adjectifs
Apparenté
Comment l'utiliser
Very common in both spoken and written Korean, especially in social contexts.
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Using '민망함' for shyness.
→
부끄러움
If you are naturally shy, use '부끄러움.' '민망함' is for situational awkwardness.
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Using '민망함' for serious apologies.
→
미안함 / 죄송함
If you caused real harm, '민망함' is too light. Use '미안함' for a proper apology.
-
Using '민망함' for fear.
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두려움 / 무서움
Embarrassment is not fear. Even if you are 'afraid' of looking stupid, the feeling itself is '민망함,' not '두려움.'
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Confusing '민망함' with '불편함'.
→
불편함 (for physical/general discomfort)
'민망함' is specifically social/emotional. '불편함' is for a hard chair or an inconvenient schedule.
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Using '민망함' for deep moral shame.
→
수치심
If someone committed a crime, they feel '수치심' (disgrace), not just '민망함' (awkwardness).
Astuces
Nominalization
Remember that '-함' makes it a noun. This allows you to say things like '민망함이 크다' (The embarrassment is big), which sounds more descriptive than just using the adjective.
Modesty
Use '민망함' when someone gives you a very expensive gift. It shows you are a polite person who understands the weight of their kindness.
Vicarious Feeling
Don't forget you can feel '민망함' for others. This is a very common use in Korea. If your friend has food on their face, you feel '민망함' for them.
Particle Choice
Use '민망함에' to mean 'out of embarrassment.' Example: '민망함에 얼굴을 붉혔다' (Blushed out of embarrassment).
Synonym Nuance
If you want to sound more formal, use '당혹감' (bewilderment) or '곤혹스러움' (perplexity) instead of '민망함'.
Softening the Blow
Saying '민망하네요' is a great way to acknowledge a small social mistake without making the other person feel too bad.
Atmosphere Building
In stories, use '민망함이 감돌다' (embarrassment hangs in the air) to describe a room where something awkward just happened.
Variety Show Captions
Look for the characters '민망' on screen during K-Variety shows. It will help you see exactly what kind of social situations trigger this feeling.
Empathy
'민망함' is an empathetic word. It shows you care about social harmony and the feelings of others.
Daily Challenge
Try to translate the English word 'cringe' as '민망함' next time you see something awkward online.
Mémorise-le
Moyen mnémotechnique
Think of a 'MINi MANGo' (민망) that is too small to share. You feel '민망함' (embarrassed/sorry) because you have so little to offer your guests.
Association visuelle
Imagine a person standing in a spotlight on a stage, but they have forgotten their pants. The red face and the awkward stance represent '민망함.'
Word Web
Défi
Try to identify one '민망함' moment in a Korean drama today. Note if the character feels it for themselves or for someone else.
Origine du mot
Derived from the adjective '민망하다' (min-mang-hada). The root consists of '민' (min) and '망' (mang), which in Hanja (Chinese characters) can relate to being distressed or having a troubled mind.
Sens originel : Originally referred to a state of being distressed or feeling sorry for someone else's plight.
Koreanic (with possible Sino-Korean roots).Contexte culturel
Be careful not to use it for serious crimes or moral failings; it's for social blunders.
English speakers might just say 'I'm embarrassed,' but '민망함' covers 'I feel bad for you' and 'This is awkward' in one word.
Pratique dans la vie réelle
Contextes réels
Receiving too much praise.
- 민망함을 감출 수 없네요.
- 정말 민망합니다.
- 민망해서 어쩌죠?
- 민망함이 앞서네요.
Witnessing a friend's public fail.
- 보는 내가 다 민망함.
- 민망함은 나의 몫인가.
- 정말 민망한 상황이다.
- 민망해서 못 보겠어.
Making a small social blunder.
- 민망함에 웃음만 나요.
- 민망함을 무릅쓰고 말할게요.
- 민망함이 밀려오네.
- 너무 민망해서 도망가고 싶어.
An awkward silence between strangers.
- 민망함이 감도는 공기.
- 민망함을 깨기 위한 대화.
- 묘한 민망함이 느껴져요.
- 민망함을 없애고 싶어요.
Reflecting on a past mistake.
- 그때의 민망함이란...
- 다시 생각해도 민망함.
- 민망함이 가시질 않아.
- 민망함을 잊고 싶다.
Amorces de conversation
"살면서 가장 큰 민망함을 느꼈던 적이 언제예요?"
"다른 사람이 실수할 때 느끼는 민망함을 어떻게 해결하세요?"
"과한 칭찬을 들으면 민망함이 느껴지지 않나요?"
"민망함을 숨기기 위한 자신만의 방법이 있나요?"
"한국 드라마에서 가장 민망했던 장면은 무엇인가요?"
Sujets d'écriture
오늘 하루 중 가장 민망했던 순간을 '민망함'이라는 단어를 사용해서 적어보세요.
내가 타인의 실수에 대해 민망함을 느끼는 이유는 무엇일까요? 자신의 생각을 정리해보세요.
'민망함'과 '부끄러움'의 차이점을 자신의 경험을 바탕으로 설명해보세요.
민망함을 무릅쓰고 도전했던 경험이 있다면 그 결과는 어땠나요?
민망함이라는 감정이 우리 사회에서 어떤 역할을 한다고 생각하는지 써보세요.
Questions fréquentes
10 questionsUsually, '민망함' requires an audience, even if that audience is just your memory of how you looked to others. It is a social emotion. However, you can feel it when remembering a past social blunder while alone (the 'blanket kick' moment).
Mostly, yes, as it represents discomfort. However, in Korean culture, expressing '민망함' when praised is seen as a positive sign of humility and modesty.
You can say '내가 다 민망하네' or '민망함은 나의 몫이네.' This captures the vicarious embarrassment perfectly.
'창피함' is stronger and implies you feel like a fool. '민망함' is about the awkwardness of the situation and often includes feeling sorry for the social friction.
Yes, absolutely. It is used to describe awkward meetings, receiving undeserved bonuses, or seeing a colleague make a mistake in a presentation.
Yes. If you have no 'Nunchi' (social sense), you will often cause '민망함' for everyone else in the room.
It means to do something despite knowing it will be embarrassing. It shows a type of social courage, like asking a 'stupid' question to learn something.
No, it is strictly emotional/social. For physical discomfort, use '불편함' (bul-pyeon-ham).
Yes, '쪽팔림' (jjok-pal-lim) is a common slang word for embarrassment, but it is much more casual and can be slightly vulgar.
They use it to label 'cringe' moments. If a celebrity tries to act sexy and fails, the caption will likely say '민망함 폭발' (Embarrassment explosion).
Teste-toi 200 questions
Write a sentence using '민망함' and '느끼다'.
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Describe a 'cringe' moment using '민망함'.
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Use '민망함을 무릅쓰고' in a sentence.
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Translate: 'I couldn't hide my embarrassment.'
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Describe vicarious embarrassment for a friend.
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Write about an awkward silence.
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Use '민망함에' to explain an action.
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How would you express modesty after praise?
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Write a sentence about 'blanket kicking' (regret).
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Use '민망함' in a formal business context.
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Translate: 'Embarrassment reached its peak.'
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Describe a person who has no shame.
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Use '민망함을 덜어주다' in a sentence.
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Write about sharing embarrassment.
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Describe a red face using '민망함'.
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Translate: 'It was a moment of embarrassment.'
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Use '민망함이 앞서다' in a sentence.
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Describe a situation that caused embarrassment.
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Use '민망함' in a literary way.
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Write about overcoming embarrassment.
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Pronounce '민망함' correctly.
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Say 'I feel embarrassed' in a polite way.
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Describe a time you felt vicarious embarrassment.
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How do you say 'I'm embarrassed' after getting a compliment?
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Use '민망함' in a sentence about a mistake.
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Express that a situation is 'cringe'.
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Say 'I want to hide' because of embarrassment.
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Ask a friend if they feel embarrassed.
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Say 'Let's forget the embarrassment.'
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Tell someone not to be embarrassed.
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Explain why you are laughing nervously.
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Say 'It's my share of embarrassment.'
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Pronounce '민망함을 무릅쓰고'.
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Use '민망함' to describe a silence.
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Say 'Embarrassment is all over your face.'
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Express deep embarrassment formally.
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Say 'I'm more embarrassed watching you.'
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Ask how to overcome embarrassment.
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Say 'It was a small embarrassment.'
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Express that you are 'blanket kicking'.
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Listen and write the word: [Audio: 민망함]
What emotion is expressed? [Audio: 아, 진짜 민망해!]
Identify the particle: [Audio: 민망함에 얼굴이...]
Is the speaker shy or embarrassed? [Audio: 너무 민망하네요.]
What did the speaker hide? [Audio: 민망함을 감추려고 웃었어요.]
Listen for the verb: [Audio: 민망함을 무릅쓰고 말했습니다.]
Who is embarrassed? [Audio: 보는 내가 다 민망하네.]
What is written on the face? [Audio: 얼굴에 민망함이 가득해요.]
Listen and translate: [Audio: 민망함이 밀려왔다.]
Identify the formal ending: [Audio: 민망함을 금치 못하겠습니다.]
What is the intensity? [Audio: 민망함이 극에 달했습니다.]
What was lessened? [Audio: 민망함을 덜어주셔서 감사합니다.]
Identify the noun: [Audio: 민망함이라는 감정은...]
What was the reason? [Audio: 칭찬에 민망함을 느꼈어요.]
Listen and write: [Audio: 민망함을 잊고 싶어요.]
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Summary
민망함 is more than just feeling shy; it is the specific social discomfort felt when a situation is awkward, cringeworthy, or overly intimate. For example, '민망함을 무릅쓰고' means doing something even though it is embarrassing.
- A noun meaning embarrassment or awkwardness in social settings.
- Often includes a sense of pity or feeling sorry for someone else's mistake.
- Used when receiving too much praise or undeserved kindness from others.
- Key word for understanding Korean social harmony and 'saving face' culture.
Nominalization
Remember that '-함' makes it a noun. This allows you to say things like '민망함이 크다' (The embarrassment is big), which sounds more descriptive than just using the adjective.
Modesty
Use '민망함' when someone gives you a very expensive gift. It shows you are a polite person who understands the weight of their kindness.
Vicarious Feeling
Don't forget you can feel '민망함' for others. This is a very common use in Korea. If your friend has food on their face, you feel '민망함' for them.
Particle Choice
Use '민망함에' to mean 'out of embarrassment.' Example: '민망함에 얼굴을 붉혔다' (Blushed out of embarrassment).
Exemple
실수를 해서 잠시 민망함을 느꼈어요.
Contenu associé
Plus de mots sur emotions
받아들이다
A2Accepter, admettre, intégrer.
아파하다
A2Ressentir de la douleur ou du chagrin (souvent observé chez autrui).
감탄스럽다
A2Leur dévouement à la cause est tout simplement admirable.
감탄
A2Admiration or marvel; a feeling of wonder.
감탄하다
A2Admirer ou s'émerveiller ; exprimer son étonnement face à quelque chose de beau ou d'exceptionnel.
기특하다
B1Admirable pour une bonne action ou une pensée mature.
충고
B1Conseils ou recommandations offerts en vue d'une action future prudente ; avis sincère.
애정
B1Affection; un sentiment doux de tendresse ou d'attachement.
애틋하다
B2Leur amour tendre et mélancolique a ému tout le monde.
살갑다
B22 rich native sent
