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A2 noun Neutre 1 min de lecture

艰巨

jianju tɕi̯ɛn˥ tɕy˥˩
Entraîne-toi

Overview

“艰巨”是一个形容词，用来描述任务、工作、工程等非常困难、艰苦，并且规模宏大、责任重大。它强调了事情的挑战性和复杂性，意味着完成这项任务将需要极大的毅力、努力和智慧。这个词通常用于比较正式的语境，比如描述国家建设、科学研究、社会改革等具有深远影响和巨大难度的事务。

在语义上，“艰巨”与“困难”、“艰苦”有相似之处，但“艰巨”更侧重于任务的规模和重要性，以及完成它所面临的巨大挑战。它不仅指过程的辛苦，更强调了结果的重要性以及克服困难的必要性。例如，我们可以说“脱贫攻坚是一项艰巨的任务”，这里不仅指脱贫过程的艰难，更强调了这项任务对国家和人民的重大意义。

在用法上，“艰巨”常与“任务”、“工作”、“工程”、“使命”等词语搭配使用。例如：

  • “我们面临着一项艰巨的挑战。” (We are facing an arduous challenge.)
  • “这项工程十分艰巨，需要大家齐心协力。” (This project is extremely difficult and requires everyone's concerted efforts.)
  • “完成这个目标将是一项艰巨的任务。” (Achieving this goal will be a formidable task.)

总的来说，“艰巨”是一个富有力量的词语，它传递出一种需要付出巨大努力才能克服困难、完成重大任务的意味，常用于表达对挑战的认识和克服挑战的决心。

Exemples

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Collocations courantes

艰巨任务
艰巨工程
艰巨的工作
艰巨的挑战

Souvent confondu avec

艰巨 vs 艰难
艰巨 emphasizes difficulty and arduousness of a task or undertaking, while 艰难 describes general difficulty or hardship, often related to a situation or life in general. 艰巨 is often used to describe things like tasks, missions, or challenges, while 艰难 can describe a broader range of difficult experiences.
艰巨 vs 困难
艰巨 specifically highlights the arduous and formidable nature of a task, implying a high degree of effort and challenge to overcome. 困难 is a more general term for difficulty, which can apply to various situations, problems, or tasks, without necessarily conveying the same level of daunting effort or scale as 艰巨. A task that is 艰巨 is always 困难, but a task that is 困难 is not necessarily 艰巨.

Modèles grammaticaux

~的任务 (arduous task) ~的工程 (arduous project) ~的工作 (arduous work) ~的挑战 (arduous challenge) ~的使命 (arduous mission)

Comment l'utiliser

Notes d'usage

'艰巨' (jiānjù) is typically used to describe tasks, missions, or challenges that are not only difficult but also formidable, demanding significant effort, resources, and often, time to overcome. It implies a sense of heaviness, arduousness, and a high degree of complexity or resistance. It is commonly paired with nouns like 任务 (rènwu - task), 工程 (gōngchéng - project), 挑战 (tiǎozhàn - challenge), or 使命 (shǐmìng - mission). For example, '一项艰巨的任务' (yī xiàng jiānjù de rènwu - an arduous task) or '面临艰巨的挑战' (miànlín jiānjù de tiǎozhàn - facing formidable challenges). It is generally not used to describe simple, everyday difficulties or personal emotions of feeling difficult, but rather objective, substantial obstacles. While similar to '困难' (kùnnan - difficult), '艰巨' carries a stronger connotation of being monumental and requiring sustained, strenuous effort.

Erreurs courantes

A common mistake is to confuse '艰巨' (jiān jù) with '艰难' (jiān nán). While both relate to difficulty, '艰巨' emphasizes the arduousness and formidable nature of a task, often implying a significant undertaking. '艰难' is a more general term for difficulty or hardship, which can apply to situations, lives, or processes. For example, a '艰巨的任务' (jiān jù de rèn wù) is an arduous mission, while '生活很艰难' (shēng huó hěn jiān nán) means life is very difficult. Another mistake is mispronouncing '巨' as 'qù' instead of 'jù'.

Astuces

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Usage Context

'艰巨' is often used to describe large-scale, important, or long-term tasks, projects, or struggles. It implies that the difficulty is not just about complexity, but also about the effort, sacrifice, and resilience required.
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Distinction from '困难' (kùnnan)

While '困难' also means 'difficult,' '艰巨' is a stronger term. '困难' can refer to a general difficulty, whereas '艰巨' emphasizes the formidable and arduous nature, often with a sense of gravity or importance. Think of '困难' as 'difficult' and '艰巨' as 'arduous' or 'formidable'.
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Common Collocations

You'll frequently see '艰巨' combined with words like '任务 (rènwù - task)', '工程 (gōngchéng - project)', '事业 (shìyè - undertaking)', '使命 (shǐmìng - mission)', '挑战 (tiǎozhàn - challenge)', and '斗争 (dòuzhēng - struggle)'.

Origine du mot

From '艮' (gèn, stopper, difficult) and '人' (rén, person). The original meaning was 'difficult to advance'.

Contexte culturel

The word '艰巨' (jiānjù) in Chinese deeply reflects cultural values of perseverance and resilience. In Chinese society, facing and overcoming '艰巨' tasks is often associated with personal growth, moral strength, and contributing to the collective good. Historically, many traditional stories and proverbs emphasize the importance of enduring hardship ('吃苦耐劳' - chī kǔ nài láo) to achieve success. For instance, the story of '愚公移山' (Yú Gōng Yí Shān - The Foolish Old Man Removes Mountains) embodies the spirit of tackling '艰巨' challenges with unwavering determination. This cultural emphasis means that acknowledging a task as '艰巨' often implies a recognition of its importance and the virtue of those who undertake it. It's a term that evokes respect for the effort involved and the character required.

Astuce mémo

The character '艰' (jiān) depicts a person struggling under a heavy burden, symbolizing difficulty. The character '巨' (jù) means 'huge' or 'enormous,' indicating the scale of the difficulty. Together, '艰巨' conveys an immense and challenging task.

Teste-toi

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完成这项任务是一个___________的挑战。

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
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面对___________的困难，我们不能退缩。

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
fill blank

改革开放是一项___________的工程。

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :

Score : /3

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arduous Anglais
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